CN214957209U

CN214957209U - Power battery module with thermal runaway passageway

Info

Publication number: CN214957209U
Application number: CN202121515128.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卢青梅; 兑瀚; 张福增; 陈保国
Original assignee: Tianjin EV Energies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Tianjin EV Energies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-07-05
Filing date: 2021-07-05
Publication date: 2021-11-30
Anticipated expiration: 2031-07-05

Abstract

The utility model provides a power battery module with thermal runaway passageway, including the group battery of shell and inside setting, delay the thermal runaway subassembly, the insulating layer, the bottom is glued, the side is glued, elastic component and module insulating part, the group battery piles up encapsulation formation module main part in turn with delaying the thermal runaway subassembly, module main part bottom is equipped with the bottom and glues, the top is equipped with the insulating layer, both sides all are equipped with the side and glue, and the side of exhaust side is glued the side and is equipped with the elastic component, make per two delay between the thermal runaway subassembly, the insulating layer at top, the bottom of bottom is glued, the side glue of both sides and elastic component have formed confined hexahedron, be equipped with the module insulating part between the both sides of module main part and the shell. Power battery module with thermal runaway passageway, realized that the battery erupts in order, battery spun is gaseous remains throughout at controllable within range, has delayed the thermal runaway of adjacent battery, can also effective separation heat transmission, strives for the time of fleing for the passenger.

Description

Power battery module with thermal runaway passageway

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of and power battery, especially, relate to a power battery module with thermal runaway passageway.

Background

With the development of new energy industry, electric vehicles are more and more widely applied. The soft package lithium ion battery has the advantages of light weight, high specific capacity, good safety performance, small internal resistance, flexible design and the like, and is widely used in the market. With the improvement of energy density of lithium ion batteries, the safety of lithium ion batteries is more and more emphasized by people. Particularly, when a high-energy lithium ion battery is overcharged or overheated, the battery is easy to explode or catch fire, and in the case of thermal runaway of the battery, the spreading and diffusion of heat to an adjacent battery or an adjacent module is prevented or slowed down. How to improve the safety of the electric automobile and how to delay the explosion or ignition time of the lithium ion battery so as to enable a driver and passengers to escape becomes the key for the development of the electric automobile in future.

Most of the existing battery modules are battery modules formed by stacking a plurality of single lithium ion batteries to form a plurality of battery units, and a method for improving safety is lacked. If any one unit cell unit explodes or catches fire due to overcurrent and overheating and lacks a path through which heat and gas are discharged, i.e., a thermal runaway path, the heat spreads to other neighboring normally operating unit cells, and gas accumulates more and more, eventually resulting in the series connection of a plurality of unit cells exploding. Further spread to the entire battery pack and other equipment, exposing the user to the risk of safety accidents.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the utility model aims at providing a power battery module with thermal runaway passageway to improve electric automobile's security, delay lithium ion battery explosion or time of catching fire.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is realized like this:

the utility model provides a power battery module with thermal runaway passageway, including shell and the inside group battery that sets up of shell, delay the thermal runaway subassembly, the insulating layer, the bottom is glued, the side is glued, elastic component and module insulating part, the group battery piles up the encapsulation with delaying the thermal runaway subassembly in turn and forms the module main part, module main part bottom is equipped with the bottom and glues, the top is equipped with the insulating layer, both sides all are equipped with the side and glue, and the side of exhaust side is glued the side and is equipped with the elastic component, make per two delay between the thermal runaway subassembly, the insulating layer at top, the bottom is glued, the side glue of both sides and elastic component have formed the confined hexahedron, shell one end is equipped with the exhaust hole, the position in exhaust hole matches with the position of elastic component and is used for forming exhaust passage.

Further, the battery comprises a battery main body, sealing edges are respectively arranged at two ends of the battery main body, a tab is arranged at one end of the battery main body, and folding edges are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the battery main body.

Further, side glue is arranged at the edge sealing positions of two sides of the battery; at the exhaust side, the height that the side was glued is not more than the 2/3 of module main part height, and the side is glued the top and is pasted the elastic component of low melting point, and the height is the same with module main part height to the banding side of opposite side.

Furthermore, the elastic component is divided into two layers which are independent of each other, one layer is close to the battery pack and is blocked by the thermal runaway delaying component, and the other layer is located between the battery tab and the module end cover.

Furthermore, the shell exhaust end is provided with an end cover, and the end cover is provided with an exhaust hole.

Further, the number of the batteries in the battery pack is at least 1.

Further, the bottom layer glue is a paste-shaped heat-conducting structural glue.

Furthermore, a module insulating part is arranged between the two sides of the module main body and the shell, and the shell is of a shell structure with two open ends.

Furthermore, the thermal runaway delaying assembly comprises an elastic part and a fireproof layer fixedly connected to one side of the elastic part, and the elastic part is close to one side of the battery pack.

Further, the module main body is bonded with the bottom layer adhesive and the heat insulation layer. Compared with the prior art, power battery module with thermal runaway passageway have following advantage:

(1) power battery module with thermal runaway passageway, realized that the battery erupts in order, battery spun is gaseous remains throughout at controllable within range, has delayed the thermal runaway of adjacent battery, can also effective separation heat transmission, strives for the time of fleing for the passenger.

(2) In the power battery module with the thermal runaway channel, two adjacent thermal runaway delaying assemblies, the heat insulation layer at the top, the bottom layer glue at the bottom, the side glue at two sides and the elastic substance form a closed hexahedron, and the battery is packaged in the hexahedron; when a certain single battery is out of control due to heat, an air channel generated in the battery extends to the elastic substance at the weak position of the hexahedron to release high-temperature gas, the high-temperature gas melts two layers of elastic substances which cannot resist high temperature, and continuously rushes to an exhaust hole at the position corresponding to the end cover of the module to form a thermal out-of-control channel for one-way exhaust; the thermal runaway delaying assembly is high temperature resistant and impact resistant, heat generated by the battery is discharged through the thermal runaway channel, and heat spreading caused by thermal runaway of the battery is effectively delayed.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without undue limitation. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is an exploded view of a power battery module with a thermal runaway channel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power battery module with a thermal runaway channel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a first cross-sectional view of a power battery module with a thermal runaway channel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a second cross-sectional view of a power battery module with a thermal runaway channel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1-a battery; 11-edge sealing; 12-folding edges; 13-a battery body; 14-a tab; 2-delay of thermal runaway components; 3-a heat insulation layer; 4-bottom glue; 5-side glue; 6-an elastic member; 7-a housing; 8-end cap; 81-exhaust hole; 9-module insulation; arrow-exhaust direction.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

The utility model provides a power battery module with thermal runaway passageway, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, including the group battery of shell 7 and inside setting, delay thermal runaway subassembly 2, insulating layer 3, bottom glue 4, side glue 5, elastic component 6 and module insulating part 9, the group battery piles up the encapsulation with delaying thermal runaway subassembly 2 in turn and forms the module main part, module main part bottom is equipped with bottom glue 4, the top is equipped with insulating layer 4, both sides all are equipped with side glue 5, and the side of exhaust side glues 5 top and is equipped with elastic component 6, make per two delay between the thermal runaway subassembly 2, the insulating layer 3 at top, the bottom glue 4 of bottom, the side glue 5 and the elastic component 6 of both sides have formed the confined hexahedron, be equipped with module insulating part 9 between the both sides of module main part and the shell 7, shell 7 is both ends open-ended shell structure.

The battery 1 comprises sealing edges 11, folding edges 12, a battery main body 13 and pole lugs 14, wherein the sealing edges 11 are respectively arranged at two ends of the battery main body 13, the pole lugs 14 are arranged at one end of the battery main body 13, and the folding edges 12 are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the battery main body 13. For the soft package battery, thermal runaway occurs when the internal heat generation is far higher than the heat dissipation rate, and the thermal runaway position is in the battery main body 13. When thermal runaway occurs at a certain position of the battery body 13, the high-temperature gas can find a weak position of the battery to release the high-temperature gas, and the runaway can occur at any position of the sealing edge 11, the folding edge 12 and the battery body 13. Through a large number of experiments, when the battery main body 13 and the folded edge 12 of the single battery 1 are well protected, the position where the single battery is most likely to be out of control is the sealed edge 11. When the thermal runaway takes place for the battery cell, high temperature gas outwards spouts to banding 11 diffusion, and neighbouring battery is influenced to spun high temperature to cause other batteries to appear thermal runaway in succession, lead to the inside temperature of battery module more and more high, take place the burning, reduced the security of module.

The side glue 5 is filled in the sealing edges 11 at two sides of the battery, the side glue 5 is filled at about the height of the module 2/3 at the side of the exhaust channel, the elastic element 6 with low melting point is adhered to the top of the residual 1/3, and the sealing edge 11 at the other side is filled.

The elastic member 6 is divided into two layers independent of each other, one layer is close to the battery pack and is blocked by the thermal runaway delaying assembly 2, and the other layer is located between the battery tab 14 and the module end cover 8. The thermal runaway delay assembly 2 is wrapped around and longer than the battery body, and extends to the module insulator 9.

The elastic part 6 is made of elastic materials which cannot resist high temperature, such as EVA foam, PU foam, CR foam and the like. The battery edge sealing 11 is filled with flowable two-component glue, so that the heat conduction effect is achieved, the heat of the tab 14 is conveniently led out, and the structural bonding effect is achieved, so that the strength of the edge sealing 11 is improved. The weak position of battery takes place in pasting elastic component 6 department, and when the battery cell thermal runaway, the inside air flue that produces of battery extends to the battery weak position, releases high temperature gas, and high temperature gas melts the elastic component 6 that can not resist high temperature, has formed one-way carminative thermal runaway passageway.

The number of the cells 1 in the battery is at least 1, and when the number of the cells 1 is plural, a plurality of the cells 1 are stacked.

Both ends of the shell 7 are provided with end covers 8, and the end covers 8 are provided with exhaust holes 81.

The surface of the main body of the battery pack is bonded with the thermal runaway delaying assembly 2.

The bottom layer glue 4 is a paste-shaped heat-conducting structural glue, is a two-component glue, has a heat-conducting effect and a structural bonding effect, bonds each single battery 1 together, and enhances the strength of the folded edge at the bottom of the battery.

The thermal runaway delaying assembly 2 comprises an elastic part and a fireproof layer fixedly connected with one side of the elastic part, and the elastic part is close to one side of the battery pack.

Because the elastic part is compressible and has certain elasticity, the expansion force generated by the corresponding single battery 1 can be absorbed, and the requirement of the expansion force of the battery 1 is met. The material of the elastic member is wholly aromatic polyimide. The fireproof layer is of a flat plate structure, the main material is mica, namely mica sheets, and the fireproof layer can also be formed by compounding mica and glass fibers, but the fireproof layer is not limited to the fireproof material. When the battery thermal runaway, the flame retardant coating is high temperature resistant, so that the heat spreading caused by the battery thermal runaway can be effectively delayed, the thermal runaway of adjacent batteries can be delayed, the heat transmission can be effectively blocked, and the escape time is strived for passengers.

The heat insulation layer 3 can be a mica sheet or a flat plate with a fireproof coating, and the heat insulation layer 3 is heat-insulating and impact-resistant. Because car battery system installs generally below the bottom plate, when the battery thermal runaway, insulating layer 3 is passed to the temperature of battery cell 1, and insulating layer 3 is high temperature resistant more than 1200 ℃, and when the temperature passed to module shell 7 through insulating layer 3 on, the temperature dropped to below 600 ℃, and furthest's protection passenger avoids receiving high temperature and strikes. The heat insulation layer 3 is coated with glue to bond the single batteries, so that the strength of the top folded edge 12 of each battery is enhanced.

The exhaust principle of the power battery module with the thermal runaway channel is as follows:

every two thermal runaway delaying assemblies 2, the heat insulation layer 3 on the top, the bottom layer glue 4 on the bottom, the side glue 5 on two sides and the elastic piece 6 form a closed hexahedron, and the battery is packaged in the hexahedron. When a certain single battery is out of control due to heat, the air channel generated inside the battery extends to the hexahedral weak position-elastic part 6 to release high-temperature gas, the high-temperature gas melts the two layers of elastic parts 6 which are not high-temperature resistant, and continuously rushes to the exhaust hole 81 corresponding to the position of the module end cover 8, so that a one-way exhaust thermal out-of-control channel is formed. Delay thermal runaway subassembly 2 and be high temperature resistant and shock-resistant, the heat that the battery produced is discharged through thermal runaway passageway, effectively delay the heat that the battery thermal runaway brought and stretch, when adjacent battery takes place the thermal runaway, the module has been discharged to the gaseous majority of preceding battery eruption, battery eruption in order has been realized, battery spun gas remains at controllable within range all the time, because gas outgoing, the heat derives thereupon, the high temperature of production is not enough to make adjacent battery out of control, or the thermal runaway of adjacent battery has been delayed, can also effective separation heat transmission, strive for the time of fleing for the passenger.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a power battery module with thermal runaway passageway which characterized in that: including the shell and the inside group battery that sets up thereof, delay the thermal runaway subassembly, the insulating layer, the bottom is glued, the side is glued, elastic component and module insulating part, the group battery with delay the thermal runaway subassembly and pile up the encapsulation in turn and form the module main part, module main part bottom is equipped with the bottom and glue, the top is equipped with the insulating layer, both sides all are equipped with the side and glue, and the side of exhaust side is glued the side and is equipped with the elastic component, make per two delay between the thermal runaway subassembly, the insulating layer at top, the bottom of bottom is glued, the side glue of both sides and elastic component have formed the confined hexahedron, shell one end is equipped with the exhaust hole, the position in exhaust hole is used for forming exhaust passage with the position matching of elastic component.

2. The power battery module with the thermal runaway channel as recited in claim 1, wherein: the battery comprises a battery main body, sealing edges are respectively arranged at two ends of the battery main body, a tab is arranged at one end of the battery main body, and folding edges are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the battery main body.

3. The power battery module with the thermal runaway channel as recited in claim 2, wherein: side glue is arranged at the edge sealing positions at the two sides of the battery; at the exhaust side, the height that the side was glued is not more than the 2/3 of module main part height, and the side is glued the top and is pasted the elastic component of low melting point, and the height is the same with module main part height to the banding side of opposite side.

4. The power battery module with the thermal runaway channel as recited in claim 1, wherein: the elastic component is divided into two layers which are independent from each other, one layer is close to the battery pack and is blocked by the thermal runaway delaying component, and the other layer is located between the battery tab and the module end cover.

5. The power battery module with the thermal runaway channel as recited in claim 1, wherein: the shell exhaust end is provided with an end cover, and the end cover is provided with an exhaust hole.

6. The power battery module with the thermal runaway channel as recited in claim 1, wherein: the number of cells in the battery pack is at least 1.

7. The power battery module with the thermal runaway channel as recited in claim 1, wherein: the bottom layer glue is heat-conducting structural glue in a paste shape.

8. The power battery module with the thermal runaway channel as recited in claim 1, wherein: a module insulating part is arranged between the two sides of the module main body and the shell, and the shell is of a shell structure with two open ends.

9. The power battery module with the thermal runaway channel as recited in claim 1, wherein: the thermal runaway delaying assembly comprises an elastic piece and a fireproof layer fixedly connected to one side of the elastic piece, and the elastic piece is close to one side of the battery pack.

10. The power battery module with the thermal runaway channel as recited in claim 1, wherein: the module main body is bonded with the bottom layer adhesive and the heat insulation layer.