CN212810421U

CN212810421U - Power battery module with thermal runaway delay function

Info

Publication number: CN212810421U
Application number: CN202021658510.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卢青梅; 兑瀚; 张福增; 陈保国; 王馨宇
Original assignee: Tianjin EV Energies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Tianjin EV Energies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-11
Filing date: 2020-08-11
Publication date: 2021-03-26
Anticipated expiration: 2030-08-11

Abstract

The utility model provides a power battery module with delay thermal runaway function, including shell, two ingredient heat-conducting glue and battery cell heap, a plurality of monomer electricity cores and a plurality of buffer gear pile up formation in turn, buffer gear comprises buffering fire-resistant coating, substrate and cushion pad, the shell, including metal casing and the fire-resistant coating of inboard coating thereof, the shell is used for covering the side and the top surface of battery cell heap; the double-component heat-conducting glue is filled at the bottom of the shell, is used for connecting the shell and the single battery cell and is insulated from the shell. Compared with the traditional heat dissipation path battery core-heat conduction pad-heat dissipation aluminum plate-shell-liquid cooling system, the power battery module with the function of delaying thermal runaway reduces the heat transfer path and improves the heat dissipation effect.

Description

Power battery module with thermal runaway delay function

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of power battery, especially, relate to a power battery module with delay thermal runaway function.

Background

With the development of new energy industry, electric vehicles are more and more widely applied. The soft package lithium ion battery has the advantages of light weight, high specific capacity, good safety performance, small internal resistance, flexible design and the like, and is widely used in the market. Of course, the endurance mileage, the stability and the safety of the battery of the electric vehicle are receiving more and more attention. As the energy density of the lithium ion battery increases, particularly when the high-energy lithium ion battery is overcharged, the lithium ion battery may cause overcurrent and overheating, which may cause explosion or ignition. How to improve the safety of the electric automobile and how to delay the explosion or ignition time of the lithium ion battery in case of explosion or ignition of the lithium ion battery so that a driver and passengers can escape becomes a key for the development of the electric automobile in future. Most of the existing battery modules are battery modules formed by stacking a plurality of single lithium ion batteries to form a plurality of battery units, and improvement of safety components is lacked. If any one of the unit battery cells explodes or catches fire due to overcurrent and overheating, the flame spreads to other adjacent, normally operating battery cells, causing the plurality of battery cells to explode in series. Further spread to the entire battery pack and other equipment, exposing the user to the risk of safety accidents.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the present invention is directed to a power battery module with a function of delaying thermal runaway, so as to solve the above problems.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is realized like this:

a power battery module with the function of delaying thermal runaway comprises a shell, a two-component heat-conducting adhesive and a battery unit stack,

the battery unit stack is formed by alternately stacking a plurality of single battery cells and a plurality of buffer mechanisms;

the buffer mechanism consists of a buffer fireproof coating, a base material and a buffer pad;

a housing including a metal housing and a refractory coating applied to the inside thereof, the housing for covering the side and top surfaces of the battery cell stack;

the double-component heat-conducting glue is filled at the bottom of the shell, is used for connecting the shell and the single battery cell and is insulated from the shell.

Further, the heat of the battery cell in the battery unit stack is transmitted to the bottom of the shell through the double-component heat-conducting glue, and then is transmitted to a system liquid cooling system of the power battery module.

Further, in the battery unit stack, the unit cells and the buffer mechanisms are alternately stacked one on another.

Further, in the battery unit stack, the single battery cells and the buffer mechanism are alternately stacked in many-to-one manner.

Furthermore, the metal shell is integrally of an aluminum alloy structure which is extruded and processed.

Furthermore, the metal shell is integrally a rectangular containing cavity formed by welding connection.

Further, the fire-resistant coating is an intumescent fire-retardant coating.

Further, monomer electricity core main part is the cuboid structure, and the both sides welding has electric core electrode, and the top is equipped with the hem, and both sides electricity core electrode department all is equipped with monomer electricity core banding with hem department.

Furthermore, buffer gear includes from last to down in proper order coating or the buffering fire resistant coating that bonds, substrate, blotter, substrate and buffering fire resistant coating.

Further, the buffering fire-resistant coating is an expansion type fire-resistant coating.

Compared with the prior art, power battery module with delay thermal runaway function have following advantage:

(1) compared with the traditional heat dissipation path battery core-heat conduction pad-heat dissipation aluminum plate-shell-liquid cooling system, the power battery module with the function of delaying thermal runaway reduces the heat transfer path and improves the heat dissipation effect.

(2) Power battery module with delay thermal runaway function, the shell parcel holds the battery cell and piles, whole battery module has been supported to good rigidity intensity, the use of lightweight material has promoted the mass energy density of module.

(3) Power battery module with delay thermal runaway function, if a monomer electric core thermal runaway eruption burning produces high temperature, buffering fire-resistant coating can absorb the heat and produce the expansion reaction, prevent that heat transmission from to adjacent electric core, prevent adjacent electric core thermal runaway or slow down adjacent electric core thermal runaway's time, slowed down the speed that flame stretchs the propagation, strived for the time of fleing for the passenger.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without undue limitation. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power battery module with a function of delaying thermal runaway according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a single battery cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a buffering mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1-a housing; 11-a metal housing; 12-a refractory coating; 2-single cell core; 21-a cell electrode; 22-folding edges; 3-a buffer mechanism; 31-a buffer refractory coating; 32-a substrate; 33-a buffer pad; 4-double-component heat-conducting glue.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

A power battery module with a function of delaying thermal runaway is shown in figures 1-4 and comprises a shell 1, single battery cores 2, a buffer mechanism 3, two-component heat-conducting glue 4 and a battery unit stack, wherein the battery unit stack is formed by alternately stacking a plurality of single battery cores 2 and a plurality of buffer mechanisms 3, the buffer mechanism 3 is composed of a buffer fireproof coating, a base material and a buffer pad, the shell 1 comprises a metal shell and a fireproof coating coated on the inner side of the metal shell, and the shell 1 covers the side surface and the top surface of the battery unit stack; and the two-component heat-conducting glue 4 is filled at the bottom of the shell 1, is used for connecting the shell 1 and the single battery cell 2, is insulated from the shell 1, and transmits the heat of the battery cell to the bottom of the shell 1 through the two-component heat-conducting glue 4 so as to be transmitted to a system liquid cooling system.

In the battery cell stack, the unit cells 2 and the buffer mechanisms 3 may be in a one-to-one relationship, or may be in a many-to-one relationship, as long as the application of the unit cells is satisfied.

As shown in fig. 3, the housing 1 includes a metal housing 11 and a refractory coating 12. The metal shell 11 is integrally of an aluminum alloy structure, and can be integrally extruded and processed, and a rectangular containing cavity can be formed through welding connection. The metal shell 11 is uniformly coated with a refractory coating 12 on both sides and the top surface. 1 parcel of shell and holding the battery unit and pile, whole battery module is propped up to good rigidity intensity, and the use of lightweight material has promoted the mass energy density of module.

The fire-resistant coating 12 is an intumescent fire-resistant coating, includes but is not limited to a fire retardant mainly containing nitrogen and phosphorus, and has the characteristics of fine particle size, narrow particle size distribution range, easy dispersion and the like. The coating thickness of the refractory coating 12 can be designed to be 0.1mm to 3mm according to the type of the battery cell and the severe reaction condition. The fire retardant mechanism is that the fire retardant coating expands and foams when being burned by fire to form a carbonaceous foam heat insulating layer to seal a protected object, so that the transfer of heat and a base material is delayed, and the object is prevented from being ignited and burned or the strength is prevented from being reduced due to the rise of temperature. Because the refractory coating 12 absorbs heat to generate an expansion reaction, the heat transfer with the base metal shell 11 is delayed, the strength reduction of the metal shell 11 caused by the ignition and combustion of the monomer electric core 2 is prevented, and the safety of the whole module and even the system is guaranteed. The fire-resistant coating 12 is an expansion type fire-resistant coating, when a certain monomer electric core 2 is out of control due to heat, and the fire-resistant coating 12 is burnt by high temperature generated by eruption combustion, the fire-resistant coating 12 absorbs heat to generate an expansion reaction, so that the heat generated during combustion is consumed, the heat is prevented from being transmitted to the outer side of the shell 1, the spreading and spreading speed of flame is slowed down, and the escape time is strived for passengers. Furthermore, if the fire-resistant coating can absorb all the heat generated by the thermal runaway of the monomer electric core 2, the fire-resistant coating can prevent combustion within a certain time, so as to ensure the safety of passengers.

As shown in fig. 2, 2 main parts of the single electric core are of a cuboid structure, two sides of the single electric core are welded with the electric core electrodes 21, the top of the single electric core is provided with a folded edge 22, the two sides of the electric core electrodes 21 and the folded edge 22 are provided with 2 edge seals of the single electric core, the edge seals are the 2 strength weak points of the single electric core, and if the electric core is out of control due to heat, the flame is firstly erupted and caused at the three. Compared with the traditional four-edge sealed cell, the thermal runaway direction is reduced.

As shown in fig. 4, the buffer mechanism 3 includes a buffer refractory coating 31, a base material 32 and a buffer pad 33, and the buffer mechanism 3 is coated or bonded sequentially from top to bottom in the following order: buffer refractory coating 31, substrate 32, buffer 33, substrate 32, buffer refractory coating 31. The buffer fireproof coating 31 is made of similar material to the fireproof coating 12 and is an expansion type fireproof coating. If one of the single electric core 2 generates high temperature by thermal runaway eruption combustion, the buffering fireproof coating 31 can absorb heat to generate an expansion reaction, so that the heat is prevented from being transmitted to an adjacent electric core, the thermal runaway of the adjacent electric core is prevented or the thermal runaway time of the adjacent electric core is slowed down, the flame spreading and spreading speed is slowed down, and the escape time is strived for passengers. The substrate 32 is a sheet-like film made of materials including but not limited to PP, PET, etc. and due to its strong adsorptive property, one side of the substrate is coated with a buffer refractory coating 31, the thickness of the buffer refractory coating 31 is 0.05mm-0.3mm, and the other side is bonded with a buffer pad 33. The cushion pad 33 has certain elasticity, can be compressed by 0-85%, and is mainly suitable for the thickness change of the battery cell from BOL to EOL.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a power battery module with delay thermal runaway function which characterized in that: comprises a shell, a two-component heat-conducting adhesive and a battery unit stack,

2. The power battery module with the function of delaying thermal runaway of claim 1, wherein: the heat of the battery cell in the battery unit stack is transmitted to the bottom of the shell through the double-component heat-conducting glue, and then is transmitted to a system liquid cooling system of the power battery module.

3. The power battery module with the function of delaying thermal runaway of claim 1, wherein: in the battery unit stack, the unit cells and the buffer mechanisms are alternately stacked one on another.

4. The power battery module with the function of delaying thermal runaway of claim 1, wherein: in the battery unit stack, the single battery cells and the buffer mechanisms are alternately stacked in a many-to-one manner.

5. The power battery module with the function of delaying thermal runaway of claim 1, wherein: the metal shell is integrally extruded and processed to form an aluminum alloy structure.

6. The power battery module with the function of delaying thermal runaway of claim 1, wherein: the metal shell is integrally a rectangular containing cavity formed by welding connection.

7. The power battery module with the function of delaying thermal runaway of claim 1, wherein: the fire-resistant coating is an expansion type fire-resistant coating.

8. The power battery module with the function of delaying thermal runaway of claim 1, wherein: the main body of the single battery cell is of a cuboid structure, the battery cell electrodes are welded on two sides of the main body, the top of the main body is provided with a folded edge, and the battery cell electrodes on the two sides and the folded edge are provided with single battery cell edge sealing edges.

9. The power battery module with the function of delaying thermal runaway of claim 1, wherein: the buffer mechanism comprises a buffer refractory coating, a base material, a buffer pad, a base material and a buffer refractory coating which are sequentially coated or bonded from top to bottom.

10. The power battery module with the function of delaying thermal runaway of claim 9, wherein: the buffer fireproof coating is an expansion type fireproof coating.