CN214944358U - Recoverable anchor rod - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a recoverable stock, including the reinforcing bar body of rod and unlocking device, unlocking device includes casing, fixed panel, top stopper, lifting screw, drive gear, gear arm lock, screw thread stopper and bearing plate. In addition, a damping pressure-bearing device is arranged between the lower end of the shell and the pressure-bearing plate. The utility model discloses effectively solved traditional stock and blockked the construction of neighbouring underground structure, polluted underground environment's problem and current recoverable stock unlocking device unstability, no shock resistance ability, the unable problem that realizes body of rod 100% recovery, the utility model provides a locking is firm, and unblock stable performance, shock resistance ability is excellent, can restore after the shake, and green, energy saving and emission reduction's stock has extensive application prospect and economic, social that are showing.

Description

Recoverable anchor rod

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of ground anchor, concretely relates to recoverable stock.

Background

With the continuous development of urban development, more and more high-rise buildings are built, the construction of infrastructures such as subways and pipe galleries is increased year by year, a large number of anchor rods after the foundation pit engineering support fails remain underground and become a hindrance to the construction of surrounding adjacent buildings or structures, and meanwhile, steel bars or steel strands in the long-term underground can cause metal pollution to the underground environment, and adverse consequences such as soil degradation and ecological deterioration are caused.

Based on this, the rock and soil anchoring industry has developed a series of recoverable anchor rods, but the recoverable anchor rods on the market today generally have the following problems: 1, an anchor rod unlocking device is not firmly locked, and a steel bar rod body is pulled out when the anchor rod is tensioned; 2, the anchor rod unlocking device is unstable, and the device fails during unlocking, so that the recovery of the steel bar body fails; 3, the anti-seismic performance is not achieved, and the stress of the anchor rod is increased rapidly under the action of seismic load, so that the locking of the unlocking device is failed and damaged or the reinforcing steel bar body is broken; 4 the stock damage after shaking, prestressing force loss can't recover, and the stock can't effectively remedy after the inefficacy.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the technical problem, the utility model aims at providing a locking is firm, and unblock stable performance, anti-seismic performance is excellent, can restore after shaking, green, energy saving and emission reduction's stock.

The utility model adopts the technical proposal that:

a recoverable anchor rod comprises a steel bar rod body, an unlocking device, a base plate and an anchor head, wherein the tail end of the steel bar rod body is an unlocking end; the unlocking end comprises a first conventional section, a first reduced diameter section, a second conventional section, a threaded section and a second reduced diameter section from bottom to top, the diameter of the second reduced diameter section is smaller than or equal to the inner diameter (small diameter) of the thread of the threaded section, and the cross section of the top of the second reduced diameter section is in a radioactive sawtooth shape; the unlocking device comprises a shell, a top limiter positioned at the top end of the shell, a fixed panel fixedly connected with the shell, wherein the fixed panel is provided with an annular lifting screw rod limiter, a lifting screw rod penetrates through the lifting screw rod limiter, the internal thread of the lifting screw rod limiter is meshed with the external thread of the lifting screw rod, the bottom section of the lifting screw rod is in a radioactive zigzag shape and is matched with the top section of a second reducing section, a transmission gear is symmetrically fixed at the left side and the right side of the fixed panel through a transmission gear shaft, gear clamping arms are fixed at the left end and the right end of the fixed panel through gear clamping arm shafts, the transmission gear is meshed and connected with the external thread of the lifting screw rod, a gear at the upper end of each gear clamping arm is meshed and connected with the transmission gear, the lower end of each gear clamping arm is provided with an open-close type pressure-bearing semicircular ring, the thread limiter fixedly connected with the shell is arranged below the fixed panel, and the thread section penetrates through the thread limiter, the external thread of the thread section is meshed with the internal thread of the thread limiter, and the lower end of the shell is provided with a bearing plate; when the anchor rod is assembled before the anchor rod is installed, the two opening-closing type pressure-bearing semicircular rings are bonded into the opening-closing type pressure-bearing rings, the first diameter-reducing section penetrates through the opening-closing type pressure-bearing rings and has no friction with each other, the first diameter-reducing section is tensioned through the gear clamp arm, and the opening-closing type pressure-bearing rings and the thread limiter realize double locking of the reinforcing steel bar body; after the anchor rod finishes the supporting task, when the steel bar body of rod is retrieved: demolish backing plate and anchor head, the reinforcing bar body of rod of clockwise top spin, the reinforcing bar body of rod rises, first footpath reduction section rebound in open-close type pressure-bearing ring, second footpath reduction section top cross-section sawtooth meshes with lifting screw bottom cross-section sawtooth, drive lifting screw rotatory rising simultaneously, lifting screw rotatory rising drives the drive gear rotation, thereby drive the gear arm lock and expand, open-close type pressure-bearing ring opens, the locking to the first footpath reduction section of the reinforcing bar body of rod is relieved, accomplish first unblock procedure, then last the clockwise rotation reinforcing bar body of rod, after lifting screw touching top stopper, the reinforcing bar body of rod is rotated in the opposite direction again, when the spiral section anticlockwise screw thread stopper of the reinforcing bar body of rod, accomplish the second unblock procedure, can take out the reinforcing bar body of rod.

A damping and pressure-bearing device is arranged between the lower end of the shell and the pressure-bearing plate, the shell comprises an inner shell and an outer shell which are nested and connected in a sliding manner, the damping and pressure-bearing device comprises an outer die, a movable plate and a damper, the lower surface of the bottom of the outer die is fixedly connected with the pressure-bearing plate, the top of the outer die is fixedly and hermetically connected with the outer shell, the upper surface of the top of the movable plate is fixedly connected with the lower end of the inner shell, and the outer side wall of the movable plate is connected with the inner side wall of the outer die in a sliding manner; the shock absorber comprises a top sliding block and a sleeve base, the upper surface of the top sliding block is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the top of the movable plate, the lower surface of the bottom of the sleeve base is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the bottom of the outer die, the top sliding block comprises a top sliding block outer ring body and a top sliding block central body, the top sliding block central body comprises a reducing head and a constant-diameter shaft, the diameter of the reducing head is larger than that of the constant-diameter shaft, and the outer side wall of the lower part of the top sliding block outer ring body is in sliding connection with the inner side wall of the sleeve base; the limiting clamping seat is positioned below the top sliding block, and the outer side wall of the limiting clamping seat is in sliding connection with the inner side wall of the lower part of the outer ring body of the top sliding block; the top of the limiting clamping seat is provided with a hole, the hole is formed, the reducing head is in sliding connection with the inner side wall of the limiting clamping seat, and the limiting clamping seat limits the reducing head; the upper surface of the bottom of the limiting clamping seat is provided with a supporting seat, and the lower surface of the bottom of the limiting clamping seat is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the bottom of the sleeve base; the spring is surrounded on the outer side of the limiting clamping seat, the distance between the spring and the outer ring body of the top sliding block is larger than the distance between the lower surface of the top of the limiting clamping seat and the top of the reducing head, an annular rubber block is arranged on the outer side of the spring, the height of the annular rubber block is smaller than that of the spring, the height of the spring is smaller than that of the limiting clamping seat, the annular rubber block is nested in the sleeve base, and the outer side wall of the annular rubber block is in sliding connection with the inner side wall of the sleeve base; when the anchor rod is damaged by earthquake in the supporting process, the anchor rod is repeatedly tensioned and locked after the earthquake so as to recover the working state of the anchor rod before the earthquake.

The fixing panel, the thread limiter and the top limiter are fixed on the inner shell.

The principle of the anti-seismic anchor rod is that when the tension of the anchor rod exceeds a limit value in an earthquake, the inner shell moves downwards, the central body of the top slider penetrates through the limit clamping seat, the top slider moves downwards so as to release partial stress, the top slider continuously moves downwards, the spring is firstly extruded, partial stress is released again through the compression deformation of the spring, then the top slider continuously moves downwards, the spring and the annular rubber block are simultaneously extruded, and partial stress is released again so as to achieve the anti-seismic effect of the anchor rod; when the anchor rod is tensioned again after the earthquake, the top sliding block central body acts on the supporting seat, the supporting body limits the top sliding block to move downwards further, the damping system reaches a stable and balanced state at the moment, and the working state of the anchor rod before the earthquake can be reached through further tensioning and locking.

The damping and pressure-bearing devices are symmetrically arranged around the steel bar body.

The supporting seat is arranged below the reducing head.

The diameter of the second reducing section is smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the thread section so that the second reducing section can smoothly pass through the thread limiter.

The lifting screw rod limiters are symmetrically arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the fixed panel.

The recoverable anchor rod further comprises a plastic sleeve, the reinforcing steel rod body and the plastic sleeve are lubricated, and no friction exists between the reinforcing steel rod body and the plastic sleeve. The steel bar body can rotate and slide freely in the plastic sleeve, so that the steel bar body can be screwed in, screwed out and drawn out conveniently.

The two sides of the open-close type pressure-bearing semi-circle ring are bonded into the open-close type pressure-bearing ring by adopting adhesive tapes, the adhesive tapes play a role in fixing when the open-close type pressure-bearing ring is closed, and when the gear clamp arm is unfolded, the open-close type pressure-bearing ring is opened, and the adhesive tapes are damaged.

The damping pressure-bearing device and the pressure-bearing plate are fixed in a welding mode, a bolt connection mode and the like.

The utility model has the advantages that:

1 the unlocking device is locked firmly. When the unlocking device is locked, a fault occurs, and the steel bar body can be pulled out when the anchor rod is prestressed and tensioned, so that the anchoring is failed. The utility model provides an unlocking device adopts open-close type bearing ring and screw thread stopper to implement double locking when the locking reinforcing bar body of rod, avoids unlocking device to take place the locking inefficacy when the prestressing force is stretched and is drawn.

2, the unlocking performance of the unlocking device is stable. The main problem with failed bolt recovery is the failure of the unlocking device. The utility model discloses then adopt the mechanical type unblock, can realize the unblock through rotating the reinforcing bar body of rod, easy operation, stable performance can realize the 100% recovery of the reinforcing bar body of rod.

3, the earthquake-resistant performance is excellent. The conventional recoverable anchor rod does not have anti-seismic performance, and under the action of seismic load, the stress of the anchor rod is increased rapidly, so that the locking of an unlocking device is failed and damaged or a reinforcing steel bar body is broken. The utility model provides a recoverable stock of antidetonation type, when the earthquake disaster came, the shock attenuation pressure-bearing device can energy-absorbing, release by oneself, avoids stock stress surge, through gradual orderly stress release process, reduces stock stress, guarantees that unlocking device is intact after the earthquake disaster, and the body of rod does not take place to destroy.

And 4, the product can be repaired after the earthquake. Because the utility model discloses the special construction of well bumper shock absorber, the central body bottom of bumper shock absorber top slider acts on the supporting seat top when drawing again after the shake, and the system reaches steady state, and it can to continue the locking after the stretch-draw to the specified value. Because of the protection of the damping system, the unlocking device and the rod body are still intact after the earthquake, the damping system after tensioning is in a stable balance state, and the working state of the anchor rod at the moment can be completely restored to the pre-earthquake state.

And 5, ensuring the construction of adjacent projects to be smooth. The steel bar body in the utility model can be completely recycled; the problem that a steel strand stranded shield cutter head exists during shield tunneling construction can be effectively solved, and excavation of peripheral foundation pits and construction of adjacent underground structures are not affected.

6, green, environmental protection, energy conservation and emission reduction. The steel bar body and the steel strand buried underground can cause metal pollution of underground environment, and adverse consequences such as soil quality degradation and ecological deterioration are caused. The utility model discloses retrieve the reinforcing bar body of rod, can effectively avoid the environmental destruction, but in addition recoverable reinforcing bar reuse, energy saving and emission reduction realizes sustainable development.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A;

fig. 3 is an unlocking schematic diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the utility model for recycling the steel bar;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the shock absorber under normal conditions;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view B-B;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the shock absorber during shock absorption;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the shock absorber after being tensioned and locked again after a shock.

Wherein, 1, a steel bar body; 2. an unlocking device; 3. a first conventional section; 4. a first reducing section; 5. a second conventional section; 6. a threaded segment; 7. a second reducing section; 8. a housing; 801. an inner housing; 802. an outer housing; 9. a top retainer; 10. fixing the panel; 11. a lifting screw rod limiter; 12. a lifting screw; 13. a transmission gear; 14. a drive gear shaft; 15. a gear clamping arm; 16. a gear clamp arm shaft; 17. a threaded stop; 18. an open-close type pressure-bearing semicircular ring; 19. a shock-absorbing pressure-bearing device; 1901. an outer mold; 1902. moving the plate; 20. a shock absorber; 2001. a top slider; 2001a, top slider outer ring body; 2001b, top slider central body; 2001b1, reducer; 2001b2, constant diameter shaft; 2002. a limiting clamping seat; 2003. a supporting seat; 2004. a spring; 2005. an annular rubber block; 2006. a sleeve base; 21. a pressure bearing plate; 22. a plastic sleeve; 23. adhesive tape

Detailed Description

It will be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "longitudinal," "transverse," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8, an anti-seismic recyclable anchor rod includes a reinforcing bar body 1 and an unlocking device 2, wherein the end of the reinforcing bar body 1 is an unlocking end; the unlocking end comprises a first conventional section 3, a first reduced diameter section 4, a second conventional section 5, a threaded section 6 and a second reduced diameter section 7 from bottom to top, the diameter of the second reduced diameter section 7 is smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the small diameter of the threaded section 6, and the top section of the second reduced diameter section 7 is in a radial sawtooth shape; the unlocking device 2 comprises a shell 8, the shell 8 comprises an inner shell 801 and an outer shell 802 which are nested and connected in a sliding manner, a top limiter 9 positioned at the top end of the inner shell 801, a fixing panel 10 fixedly connected with the inner shell 801, annular lifting screw rod limiters 11 are symmetrically arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the fixing panel 10, lifting screw rods 12 penetrate through the lifting screw rod limiters 10, internal threads of the lifting screw rod limiters 10 are meshed with external threads of the lifting screw rods 11, the bottom sections of the lifting screw rods 11 are in a radioactive zigzag shape and matched with the top sections of the second reducing sections 7, transmission gears 13 are symmetrically fixed at the left side and the right side of the fixing panel 10 through transmission gear shafts 14, gear clamping arms 15 are fixed at the left end and the right end of the fixing panel 10 through gear clamping arm shafts 16, the transmission gears 13 are meshed with the external threads of the lifting screw rods 11, and gears at the upper ends of the gear clamping arms 15 are meshed with the transmission gears 13, an open-close type pressure-bearing semicircular ring 18 is arranged at the lower end of the gear clamp arm 15, a thread limiter 17 fixedly connected with the inner shell 801 is arranged below the fixed panel 10, the thread section 6 penetrates through the thread limiter 17, external threads of the thread section 6 are meshed with internal threads of the thread limiter 17, a damping pressure-bearing device 19 is arranged at the lower end of the shell 8, the damping pressure-bearing device 19 is symmetrically distributed around the steel bar body 1, the damping pressure-bearing device 19 comprises an outer die 1901, a moving plate 1902 and a damper 20, the lower surface of the bottom of the outer die 1901 is fixedly connected with a pressure-bearing plate 21, the top of the outer die 1901 is fixedly and hermetically connected with an outer shell 802, the upper surface of the top of the moving plate 1902 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the inner shell 801, and the outer side wall of the moving plate 1902 is slidably connected with the inner side wall of the outer die 1901; the shock absorber 20 comprises a top slider 2001 and a sleeve base 2006, the upper surface of the top slider 20 is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the top of the movable plate 1902, the lower surface of the bottom of the sleeve base 2006 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the bottom of the outer die 1901, the top slider 2001 comprises a top slider outer ring 2001a and a top slider central body 2001b, the top slider central body 2001b comprises a reducing head 2001b1 and a constant-diameter shaft 2001b2, the diameter of the reducing head 2001b1 is larger than that of the constant-diameter shaft 2001b2, the outer side wall of the lower part of the top slider outer ring 2001a is slidably connected with the inner side wall of the sleeve base, the limit clamping seat 2002 is positioned at the lower end of the top slider 2001, the outer side wall of the limit clamping seat 2002 is slidably connected with the inner side wall of the lower part of the top slider outer ring 2001a, a hole is formed in the top of the limit clamping seat 2002, the reducing head is slidably connected with the limit clamping seat 2002, the limit clamping seat 2002 limits the inner side wall of the reducing head 2001b1, the bottom upper surface of the limit clamping seat 2002 is provided with a supporting seat 2003, the supporting seat 2003 is arranged below the reducing head 2001b1, and the lower surface of the bottom of the limiting clamping seat 2002 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the bottom of the sleeve base 2006; a spring 2004 is surrounded on the outer side of the limiting clamping seat 2002, and the distance between the spring 2004 and the outer ring body 2001a of the top slider is larger than the distance between the lower surface of the top of the limiting clamping seat 2002 and the top of the reducer head; the outer side of the spring 2004 is provided with an annular rubber block 2005, the height of the annular rubber block 2005 is smaller than that of the spring 2004, the height of the spring 2004 is smaller than that of the limiting clamping seat 2002, the annular rubber block 2005 is nested in the sleeve base 2006, the outer side wall of the annular rubber block 2005 is in sliding connection with the inner side wall of the sleeve base 2006, the recyclable anchor rod damping and pressure-bearing device 19 (the lower surface of the bottom of the outer die 1901) is fixedly connected with the pressure-bearing plate 21 through welding or bolts, the recyclable anchor rod further comprises a plastic sleeve 22, and the reinforcing steel rod body 1 and the plastic sleeve 22 are lubricated without friction. The rod body 1 can rotate and slide freely in the plastic sleeve 22, so that the rod body 1 can be screwed in, screwed out and drawn out.

The construction method comprises the following steps:

firstly, determining the installation position of an anchor rod;

step two, drilling;

step three, combining and installing the anchor rod: the unlocking end and the unlocking device 2 are combined, the two opening-closing type pressure-bearing semicircular rings 18 are bonded into an opening-closing type pressure-bearing ring through a rubber bag, the first diameter-reducing section 4 penetrates through the opening-closing type pressure-bearing ring and has no friction with each other, the first diameter-reducing section 4 is tensioned through the gear clamp arm 15, and the opening-closing type pressure-bearing ring and the thread limiter 17 realize double locking on the reinforcing steel bar body 1; arranging an anchor rod;

step four, primary grouting;

step five, secondary splitting grouting;

step six, tensioning and locking the anchor rod;

step seven, after the anchor rod completes the supporting task, the reinforcing steel bar body 1 is recovered: dismantling the backing plate and the anchor head, clockwise rotating the reinforcing steel bar body 1, lifting the reinforcing steel bar body 1, enabling the first reducing section 4 to move upwards in the opening-closing type pressure-bearing ring, enabling the saw teeth on the top section of the second reducing section 7 to be meshed with the saw teeth on the bottom section of the lifting screw 12, simultaneously driving the lifting screw 12 to rotate and rise, enabling the lifting screw 12 to rotate and drive the transmission gear 13 to rotate, so as to drive the gear clamp arm 15 to be unfolded, enabling the rubber bag to break, opening-closing type pressure-bearing ring to open, unlocking the first reducing section 4 of the reinforcing steel bar body, completing a first unlocking procedure, then continuously rotating the reinforcing steel bar body 1 clockwise, rotating the reinforcing steel bar body 1 in the opposite direction after the lifting screw 12 touches the top limiter 9, and completing a second unlocking procedure when the spiral section 6 of the reinforcing steel bar body 1 anticlockwise rotates out of the thread limiter 17, namely the reinforcing steel bar body 1 can be pulled out.

In the sixth step, when the anchor rod is damaged by earthquake in the supporting process, the tensioning and locking process can be repeated after the earthquake so as to recover the working state of the anchor rod before the earthquake.

The utility model discloses effectively solved traditional stock and blockked the construction of neighbouring underground structure, polluted underground environment's problem and current recoverable stock unlocking device unstability, no shock resistance ability, the unable problem that realizes body of rod 100% recovery, the utility model provides a locking is firm, and unblock stable performance, shock resistance ability is excellent, can restore after the shake, and green, energy saving and emission reduction's stock has extensive application prospect and economic, social that are showing.

Claims (8)

1. A recoverable stock which characterized in that: the recyclable anchor rod comprises a steel bar rod body (1), an unlocking device (2), a base plate and an anchor head, wherein the tail end of the steel bar rod body (1) is an unlocking end; the unlocking end comprises a first conventional section (3), a first reduced diameter section (4), a second conventional section (5), a threaded section (6) and a second reduced diameter section (7) from bottom to top, the diameter of the second reduced diameter section (7) is smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the thread of the threaded section (6), and the top section of the second reduced diameter section (7) is in a radioactive sawtooth shape; the unlocking device comprises a shell (8), a top limiter (9) positioned at the top end of the shell (8), and a fixing panel (10) fixedly connected with the shell (8), wherein the fixing panel (10) is provided with an annular lifting screw rod limiter (11), a lifting screw rod (12) penetrates through the lifting screw rod limiter (11), the internal thread of the lifting screw rod limiter (11) is meshed with the external thread of the lifting screw rod (12), the bottom section of the lifting screw rod (12) is in a radioactive zigzag shape and is matched with the top section of a second diameter reduction section (7), a transmission gear (13) is symmetrically fixed at the left side and the right side of the fixing panel (10) through a transmission gear shaft (14), a gear clamping arm (15) is fixed at the left end and the right end of the fixing panel (10) through a gear clamping arm shaft (16), the transmission gear (13) is meshed with the external thread of the lifting screw rod (12), and a gear at the upper end of the gear clamping arm (15) is meshed with the transmission gear (13), an open-close type pressure-bearing semicircular ring (18) is arranged at the lower end of the gear clamping arm (15), a thread limiter (17) fixedly connected with the shell (8) is arranged below the fixed panel (10), the thread section (6) penetrates through the thread limiter (17), external threads of the thread section (6) are meshed and connected with internal threads of the thread limiter (17), and a pressure-bearing plate (21) is arranged at the lower end of the shell (8); when the anchor rod is assembled before the anchor rod is installed, the two opening-closing type pressure-bearing semicircular rings (18) are bonded into an opening-closing type pressure-bearing ring, the first diameter-reducing section (4) penetrates through the opening-closing type pressure-bearing ring and has no friction with each other, the first diameter-reducing section (4) is tensioned through the gear clamp arm (15), and the opening-closing type pressure-bearing ring and the thread limiter (17) realize double locking of a steel bar body; after the anchor rod finishes the supporting task, when the steel bar body of rod (1) is retrieved: dismantling the backing plate and the anchor head, clockwise rotating the reinforcing steel bar body (1), lifting the reinforcing steel bar body (1), enabling the first reducing section (4) to move upwards in the opening-closing type pressure-bearing ring, enabling the top section sawtooth of the second reducing section (7) to be meshed with the bottom section sawtooth of the lifting screw (12), simultaneously driving the lifting screw (12) to rotate and lift, driving the driving gear (13) to rotate by the rotation and lifting of the lifting screw (12), driving the gear clamping arm (15) to expand, opening-closing type pressure-bearing ring, unlocking the first reducing section (4) of the reinforcing steel bar body (1), completing the first unlocking procedure, then continuously rotating the reinforcing steel bar body (1) clockwise, rotating the reinforcing steel bar body (1) in the opposite direction after the lifting screw (12) touches the top limiter (9), and completing the second unlocking procedure when the spiral section of the reinforcing steel bar body (1) anticlockwise rotates out of the thread limiter (17), the reinforcing bar body (1) can be drawn out.

2. A retrievable anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein: a damping pressure-bearing device (19) is arranged between the lower end of the shell (8) and the pressure-bearing plate (21), the shell (8) comprises an inner shell (801) and an outer shell (802) which are nested and slidably connected, the damping pressure-bearing device (19) comprises an outer mold (1901), a moving plate (1902) and a shock absorber (20), the lower surface of the bottom of the outer mold (1901) is fixedly connected with the pressure-bearing plate (21), the top of the outer mold (1901) is fixedly and hermetically connected with the outer shell (802), the upper surface of the top of the moving plate (1902) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the inner shell (801), and the outer side wall of the moving plate (1902) is slidably connected with the inner side wall of the outer mold (1901); the shock absorber (20) comprises a top slider (2001) and a sleeve base (2006), the upper surface of the top slider (2001) is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the top of the moving plate (1902), the lower surface of the bottom of the sleeve base (2006) is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the bottom of the outer die (1901), the top slider (2001) comprises a top slider outer ring body (2001 a) and a top slider central body (2001 b), the top slider central body (2001 b) comprises a variable diameter head (2001 b 1) and a constant diameter shaft (2001 b 2), the diameter of the variable diameter head (2001 b 1) is larger than that of the constant diameter shaft (2001 b 2), and the outer side wall of the lower portion of the top slider outer ring body (2001 a) is in sliding connection with the inner side wall of the sleeve base (2006); the limiting clamping seat (2002) is positioned below the top sliding block (2001), and the outer side wall of the limiting clamping seat (2002) is in sliding connection with the inner side wall of the lower part of the outer ring body (2001 a) of the top sliding block; the top of the limiting clamping seat (2002) is provided with a hole, the reducing head (2001 b 1) is in sliding connection with the inner side wall of the limiting clamping seat (2002) through the hole, and the limiting clamping seat (2002) limits the reducing head (2001 b 1); a supporting seat (2003) is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom of the limiting clamping seat (2002), and the lower surface of the bottom of the limiting clamping seat (2002) is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the bottom of the sleeve base (2006); a spring (2004) is surrounded on the outer side of the limiting clamping seat (2002), the distance between the spring (2004) and the outer ring body (2001 a) of the top slider is greater than the distance between the lower surface of the top of the limiting clamping seat (2002) and the top of the reducing head (2001 b 1), an annular rubber block (2005) is arranged on the outer side of the spring (2004), the height of the annular rubber block (2005) is smaller than that of the spring (2004), the height of the spring (2004) is smaller than that of the limiting clamping seat (2002), the annular rubber block (2005) is nested in the sleeve base (2006), and the outer side wall of the annular rubber block (2005) is in sliding connection with the inner side wall of the sleeve base (2006); when the anchor rod is damaged by earthquake in the supporting process, the anchor rod is repeatedly tensioned and locked after the earthquake so as to recover the working state of the anchor rod before the earthquake.

3. A retrievable anchor rod according to claim 2, wherein: the damping and pressure-bearing devices (19) are symmetrically arranged around the steel bar body.

4. A retrievable anchor rod according to claim 2, wherein: the supporting seat (2003) is arranged below the reducing head (2001 b 1).

5. A retrievable anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein: the lifting screw rod limiters (11) are symmetrically arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the fixed panel (10).

6. A retrievable anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein: the recoverable anchor rod further comprises a plastic sleeve, the reinforcing steel rod body and the plastic sleeve are lubricated, and no friction exists between the reinforcing steel rod body and the plastic sleeve.

7. A retrievable anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein: two sides of the open-close type pressure-bearing semicircular ring (18) are bonded into the open-close type pressure-bearing ring by adopting adhesive tapes (23), the adhesive tapes (23) play a role in fixing when the open-close type pressure-bearing ring is closed, and when the gear clamp arm (15) is unfolded, the open-close type pressure-bearing ring is opened, and the adhesive tapes (23) are damaged.

8. A retrievable anchor rod according to claim 2, wherein: the damping pressure-bearing device (19) is connected with the pressure-bearing plate (21) by welding or bolts.

Images