CN114645723B - High ground stress interbedded tunnel control large deformation combined supporting structure - Google Patents
High ground stress interbedded tunnel control large deformation combined supporting structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN114645723B CN114645723B CN202210338966.0A CN202210338966A CN114645723B CN 114645723 B CN114645723 B CN 114645723B CN 202210338966 A CN202210338966 A CN 202210338966A CN 114645723 B CN114645723 B CN 114645723B
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- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 111
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 ceramsite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 30
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/006—Lining anchored in the rock
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a combined supporting structure for controlling large deformation of a high-ground-stress interbedded tunnel, which solves the problems of the conventional tunnel supporting structure in the using process. Including lining cutting and country rock, it is a plurality of the lining cutting is arranged annularly, and every the lining cutting is all fixed on the country rock through a plurality of stock, and is a plurality of install the compression layer on the lateral surface of lining cutting, it is a plurality of install the one-level supporting construction with the inboard contact of country rock between lining cutting and the country rock, the inboard of one-level supporting construction is connected with the second grade supporting construction with the lateral surface contact of compression layer. The lining can be flexibly supported by the shrinkage of the primary supporting structure and the secondary supporting structure, and when the deformation of the surrounding rock reaches a certain amount, the primary supporting structure and the secondary supporting structure form a whole, so that the lining is rigidly protected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel support, in particular to a combined support structure for controlling large deformation of a high-ground-stress interbedded tunnel.
Background
The deformation and damage of the tunnel engineering surrounding rock mainly comprises rock burst, collapse and large deformation, wherein the large deformation of the tunnel refers to that the surrounding rock is deformed and destabilized and damaged under the comprehensive action of various geological factors (high ground stress, underground water or self-expansion performance) after the tunnel is excavated, the self-bearing capacity of the surrounding rock is lost or partially lost, the tunnel is highly progressive and timeliness, the tunnel is a geological disaster which easily causes construction difficulty, damages construction equipment and increases construction cost, and the deformation generated in the actual excavation process of the tunnel is influenced by the space effect of the excavation construction step;
the tunnel large-deformation support mainly comprises two types, namely a flexible structure support and a rigid structure support, wherein the rigid structure support mainly comprises a large-rigidity support and a lining structure and a large-range surrounding rock reinforcing method. The traditional method is that the strength and the rigidity of a supporting structure are increased, but the surrounding rock of a large deformation section has the characteristics of quick initial pressure and large deformation amount, collapse can occur without control, a rigid support cannot adapt to large deformation and can be quickly crushed, if the rigidity of the support is greater than that of the surrounding rock, the expansion performance of the surrounding rock cannot be converted into deformation energy to be released and applied to the support, and overload damage is easily formed; if the support rigidity is smaller than the surrounding rock rigidity, the excessive deformation of the surrounding rock cannot be limited, the borne load is transferred to the support body, and overload damage is easily caused, so that how to design a rigid-flexible combined anchor rod-steel frame combined support structure which can realize multi-stage yielding and ensure more reasonable stress is very important.
Therefore, the invention provides a combined supporting structure for controlling large deformation of a high-ground-stress interbedded tunnel to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the combined supporting structure for controlling the large deformation of the high-ground-stress mutual-layer tunnel, and the problems of the conventional tunnel supporting structure in the using process are effectively solved.
A high-ground-stress interbedded tunnel control large-deformation combined supporting structure comprises a lining and surrounding rocks, wherein the lining is annularly arranged, each lining is fixed on the surrounding rocks through a plurality of anchor rods, a compression layer is arranged on the outer side surface of each lining, a primary supporting structure in contact with the inner side of the surrounding rocks is arranged between each lining and the surrounding rocks, and the inner side of the primary supporting structure is connected with a secondary supporting structure in contact with the outer side surface of the compression layer;
the primary supporting structure comprises a plurality of supporting steel frames which are respectively positioned on the outer side of each lining and have arc-shaped cross sections, a plurality of steel frame long holes for anchor rods to penetrate through are formed in each supporting steel frame, arc-shaped buffer holes are formed in two ends of each supporting steel frame, a buffer arc plate is connected between two buffer holes at one end, close to each other, of each two supporting steel frames in a sliding mode, and a buffer spring is installed inside each buffer hole;
the secondary supporting structure comprises a plurality of supporting plates which are respectively positioned on the outer side of each lining and have arc-shaped cross sections, a plurality of supporting long holes for anchor rods to penetrate through are formed in each supporting plate, a contraction arc groove is formed in the right end of each supporting plate, the left end of each supporting plate is fixedly connected with a contraction arc plate which slides in the adjacent contraction arc groove, and a contraction spring is fixedly arranged in each contraction arc groove;
every all be connected with a plurality of telescopic links, every between the inboard of strutting the steelframe and the outside of the supporting plate that corresponds all install expanding spring in the telescopic link, every all the cover is equipped with the stock spring that is located and struts between steelframe and the supporting plate on the stock prop and all be connected with between the steelframe and the supporting plate that corresponds and let the pressure equipment put.
Preferably, every let press the device, all include every arc spout of seting up on the right-hand member lateral surface of backplate, every equal slidable mounting has the arc slide in the arc spout, every the arc slide articulates respectively has to let presses the push rod, every let press the other end of push rod articulate respectively in the inboard middle part of corresponding strut steelframe, every it has the gear groove to run through between the lateral surface of backplate right-hand member and the shrink arc groove, every the gear inslot all rotates to install and lets presses the gear, every equal fixedly connected with lets on the lateral surface of shrink arc board presses the rack, every the equal fixedly connected with of arc slide and the arc rack that lets press the gear engagement.
Preferably, every the inside of shrink arc board all has opened the extrusion groove, every all run through between the inside and outside side of shrink arc board and the extrusion groove and have the extrusion hole, every equal slidable mounting in the extrusion groove has two extrusion voussoirs of position symmetry, every equal fixedly connected with is located the extrusion round pin in the extrusion hole on the extrusion voussoir, every all be connected with the extrusion spring around the extrusion round pin outside between extrusion voussoir and the extrusion groove, every all open on the lateral surface of backup pad left end extrusion power groove, every all run through and slidable mounting between extrusion groove and the extrusion power groove has the extrusion pole, every the one end that the extrusion pole is located extrusion inslot portion all is connected with the extrusion awl piece, every the one end that the extrusion pole is located extrusion power inslot portion all is connected with the power pole, every the power pole all articulates there is the extrusion push rod, every the other end of extrusion push rod all articulates in the inboard middle part of the steelframe that corresponds.
Preferably, the compression layer is formed by mixing and stirring concrete, asphalt, rubber particles, ceramsite, steel fibers and water.
Preferably, a waterproof filler is arranged in a gap between two adjacent ends of the lining.
Preferably, run through between the inside and outside lateral surface of stock front end and have a plurality of locating holes, every the right-hand member of locating hole all articulates there is the locating plate, the coaxial slidable mounting in inside of stock has the locating plectane that is located the locating hole left, equal radial slidable mounting has a plurality of location sliders on the right flank of locating plectane, and a plurality of location sliders all are connected with the location extension spring with the middle part of locating plectane, every the left end of locating plate all is articulated with the right side of one of them location slider, every equal a plurality of location nails of fixedly connected with on the lateral surface of locating plate.
Preferably, the inside coaxial slidable mounting of stock has location toper piece, the right-hand member fixedly connected with of location toper piece stretches out the locating lever of stock port department, it has a plurality of spacing grooves to open on the inner wall of stock port department, the coaxial fixed mounting of right-hand member of locating lever has the spacing ring, a plurality of difference slidable mounting of outside fixedly connected with of spacing ring are at the limiting plate of a plurality of spacing inslots, threaded connection has sealed lid on the outer wall of the port department of stock.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the flexible lining support structure can flexibly support the lining through the contraction of the primary support structure and the secondary support structure, and when the deformation of the surrounding rock reaches a certain amount, the primary support structure and the secondary support structure can form a whole, so that the lining is rigidly protected;
2. when the supporting steel frames contract inwards under the extrusion force of surrounding rocks, the supporting steel frames can drive the supporting plates to contract inwards, so that the extrusion force on the supporting plates is converted into the annular force of the supporting plates, and the plurality of supporting plates can extrude the compression layer when contracting towards the middle part, so that third-level flexible protection is achieved on the lining;
3. an elastic sliding buffer arc plate is arranged among the plurality of supporting steel frames, so that the supporting steel frames can be prevented from deforming after receiving extrusion force, and the plurality of supporting steel frames shrink towards the middle part to form a steel frame ring, thereby forming rigid supporting for the lining;
4. the anchor rod is improved, the positioning nail is added, and the anchor rod can be fixed in the rock body more firmly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention installed inside a surrounding rock.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the invention at a in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the invention at B in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the invention at C in fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a first cross-sectional view of the inner structure of the anchor rod of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a second cross-sectional view of the inner structure of the anchor rod of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of fig. 6 at D according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of the invention at E in fig. 6.
Detailed Description
The foregoing and other aspects, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following more particular description of embodiments of the invention, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which reference is made to figures 1 to 9. The structural contents mentioned in the following embodiments are all referred to the attached drawings of the specification.
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The first embodiment of the invention relates to a high-ground-stress interbedded tunnel control large-deformation combined supporting structure which comprises a lining 1 and surrounding rocks 2, wherein a plurality of linings 1 are annularly arranged, each lining 1 is fixed on the surrounding rocks 2 through a plurality of anchor rods 3, a compression layer 4 is arranged on the outer side surfaces of the plurality of linings 1 in a surrounding manner, a primary supporting structure 5 which is in contact with the inner side of the surrounding rocks 2 is arranged between the plurality of linings 1 and the surrounding rocks 2, and the inner side of the primary supporting structure 5 is connected with a secondary supporting structure 6 which is in contact with the outer side surfaces of the compression layer 4;
the primary supporting structure 5 comprises a plurality of supporting steel frames 7 which are respectively positioned at the outer side of each lining 1 and have arc-shaped cross sections, a certain distance is reserved between every two adjacent supporting steel frames 7, a plurality of steel frame long holes 8 for the anchor rods 3 to penetrate through are penetrated through each supporting steel frame 7, arc-shaped buffer holes 9 are formed in two ends of each supporting steel frame 7, a buffer arc plate 10 is connected between the two buffer holes 9 at one end, close to each other, of each two supporting steel frames 7 in a sliding manner, a buffer spring 11 is arranged in each buffer hole 9, when the supporting steel frames 7 are pressed towards the middle by surrounding rocks, the supporting steel frames 7 can be contracted towards the middle, so that the buffer arc plates 10 are contracted towards the inside of the buffer holes 9, the buffer springs 11 are compressed, and when the supporting steel frames 7 are contracted towards the middle, the angles among the anchor rods 3 are unchanged, when the supporting steel frame 7 moves towards the middle, the distance between the anchor rods 3 is gradually reduced, the steel frame long hole 8 can give way for the anchor rods 3, so that the supporting steel frame 7 can move towards the middle on the anchor rods 3, the buffer springs 11 can be selected according to use requirements, the buffer arc plates 10 can prevent rock blocks from falling off, and when the supporting steel frame 7 contracts, the elasticity of the buffer springs 11 can form resistance to surrounding rocks, so that the lining 1 is flexibly supported at a first level;
the secondary supporting structure 6 comprises a plurality of supporting plates 12 which are respectively positioned on the outer side of each lining 1 and have arc-shaped cross sections, each supporting plate 12 is penetrated by a plurality of supporting long holes 13 for the anchor rods 3 to penetrate through, the right end of each supporting plate 12 is provided with a contraction arc groove 14, the left end of each supporting plate 12 is fixedly connected with a contraction arc plate 15 which slides in the adjacent contraction arc groove 14, each contraction arc groove 14 is fixedly provided with a contraction spring 16, when the plurality of supporting plates 12 bear the extrusion force to the middle part, the plurality of contraction arc plates 15 can contract to the middle part, the plurality of contraction arc plates 15 slide to enter the plurality of contraction arc grooves 14, the radial extrusion force borne by the plurality of supporting plates 12 can be converted into the circumferential force, the pressure of the deformation of the surrounding rock is further dispersed, the secondary flexible supporting effect is realized, and simultaneously, the plurality of supporting plates 12 can extrude the compression layer 4 when contracting to the middle part, partial pressure is applied to the compression layer 4, so that the compression layer 4 is contracted to further disperse the pressure, and the third-stage flexible supporting effect is realized;
when the ends of a plurality of supporting steel frames 7 are respectively superposed, a complete annular steel frame ring is formed among the supporting steel frames 7, and when a plurality of contraction arc plates 15 are completely contracted into the contraction arc grooves 14, a complete annular supporting ring is formed among the supporting plates 12, the state of flexible supporting of the lining 1 is changed into the state of rigid supporting by the steel frame ring and the supporting ring, so that the plurality of linings 1 are continuously supported, and the service life of supporting and the safety of construction are prolonged under the influence of deformation and instability damage of surrounding rocks of a tunnel under the comprehensive action of various geological factors (high ground stress, underground water or self-expansion performance) through the supporting form of flexible-first-rigid-later;
every all be connected with a plurality of telescopic links 17, every between the inboard of strutting steelframe 7 and the outside of the supporting plate 12 that corresponds all install expanding spring 18 in the telescopic link 17, expanding link 17 and expanding spring 18 provide the holding power for strutting steelframe 7, can compress telescopic link 17 and expanding spring 18 when a plurality of supporting steelframes 7 shrink to the middle part, partial pressure when can offsetting the country rock and warp, every all overlap on stock 3 and be equipped with the stock spring 19 that is located between strutting steelframe 7 and the supporting plate 12, partial pressure when can offsetting the country rock through stock spring 19 and warp, every all be connected with between the supporting plate 12 of strutting steelframe 7 and corresponding and let pressure equipment 20, let pressure equipment 20 can make the extrusion force of strutting steelframe 7 and applying on supporting plate 12 convert the power of the hoop shrink of a plurality of supporting plates 12.
In the second embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, each of the yielding devices 20 includes an arc-shaped sliding groove 21 formed on an outer side surface of a right end of each of the supporting plates 12, each of the arc-shaped sliding grooves 21 is internally provided with an arc-shaped sliding plate 22, the arc-shaped sliding plates 22 can slide in an arc-shaped direction in the arc-shaped sliding groove 21, each of the arc-shaped sliding plates 22 is hinged with a yielding push rod 23, the other end of each of the yielding push rods 23 is hinged to a middle portion of an inner side of the corresponding supporting steel frame 7, when the supporting steel frame 7 is at the initial position, the arc-shaped sliding plate 22 is located inside the arc-shaped sliding groove 21 and away from one end of the end portion of the supporting plate 12, when the supporting steel frame 7 contracts towards the middle portion, the arc-shaped sliding plate 22 can be pushed by the yielding push rod 23 to slide in the inner portion of the arc-shaped sliding groove 21 towards the end portion of the supporting plate 12, a gear groove 24 penetrates between the outer side surface of the right end portion of each of the supporting plate 12 and the contracting arc groove 14, each gear groove 24 is internally and rotatably provided with a yielding gear 25, each outer side surface of the contraction arc plate 15 is fixedly connected with a yielding rack 26, the yielding gear 25 rotates clockwise to drive the yielding rack 26 and the contraction arc plate 15 to slide towards the inner part of the contraction arc groove 14, so that the plurality of support plates 12 are contracted towards the middle part and drawn close, and the compression layer 4 is extruded, each arc slide plate 22 is fixedly connected with an arc rack 27 meshed with the yielding gear 25, when the arc slide plate 22 slides towards the end part of the support plate 12, the arc rack 27 can be driven to synchronously move, the arc rack 27 drives the yielding gear 25 to rotate, so that the extrusion force of the support 7 is converted into the annular contraction force of the plurality of support plates 12, and because the sliding direction of the arc slide plate 22 is arc, the arc rack 27 is also in an arc shape coaxial with the arc slide groove 21, when the arc-shaped sliding plate 22 slides in an arc shape, the arc-shaped rack 27 can be always meshed with the abdicating gear 25.
In the third embodiment, on the basis of the second embodiment, each of the contracting arc plates 15 is provided with an extrusion groove 28, an extrusion hole 29 penetrates through between the inner and outer side surfaces of the left end of each of the contracting arc plates 15 and the extrusion groove 28, two extrusion wedges 30 with symmetrical positions are slidably mounted at the left end of each of the extrusion grooves 28, the two extrusion wedges 30 can slide towards the two side surfaces of the extrusion groove 28, each of the extrusion wedges 30 is fixedly connected with an extrusion pin 31 located in the extrusion hole 29, the extrusion wedges 30 can drive the extrusion pin 31 to slide outwards in the extrusion hole 29, so that the extrusion pin 31 can contact with the inner wall of the contracting arc groove 14, an extrusion spring 32 surrounding the extrusion pin 31 is connected between each of the extrusion wedges 30 and the extrusion groove 28, the extrusion spring 32 makes the extrusion pin 31 always located in the extrusion hole 29 without being subjected to an external force, when the two extrusion wedges 30 are subjected to an external force, the two extrusion wedges 30 drive the two extrusion pins 31 to slide towards the outer sides of the extrusion holes 29 so as to contact with the inner walls of the contraction arc grooves 14, an extrusion power groove 33 is formed in the outer side surface of the left end of each support plate 12, an extrusion rod 34 penetrates through and is slidably mounted between each extrusion groove 28 and each extrusion power groove 33, a through groove penetrates through the side surface of each extrusion power groove 33 and the extrusion groove 28, the extrusion rod 34 is slidably mounted in the through groove, one end of each extrusion rod 34, which is located in each extrusion groove 28, is connected with an extrusion taper block 35, the extrusion rod 34 can drive the extrusion taper block 35 to move in the extrusion groove 28, when the extrusion taper block 35 moves towards the two extrusion wedges 30, the two extrusion wedges 30 can be pushed to move towards two sides, and one end of each extrusion rod 34, which is located in each extrusion power groove 33, is connected with a power rod 36, the power rods 36 can slide synchronously with the extrusion rods 35, each power rod 36 is hinged with an extrusion push rod 37, the other end of each extrusion push rod 37 is hinged to the middle part of the inner side of the corresponding supporting steel frame 7, when the supporting steel frame 7 contracts towards the middle part, the power rods 36 and the extrusion rods 35 can be driven to slide towards the extrusion grooves 28 through the extrusion push rods 37, in the practical use process, when the supporting steel frame 7 contracts towards the middle part, the pressure-yielding push rods 23 and the extrusion push rods 37 are driven to move, so that the pressure-yielding gears 25 rotate to drive the contraction arc plates 15 to slide towards the inner parts of the contraction arc grooves 14, meanwhile, the extrusion push rods 37 push the extrusion rods 35 to slide towards the inner parts of the contraction grooves 28, so that the two extrusion pins 31 respectively slide towards the outer sides of the extrusion holes 29, thereby tightly abutting against the inner walls of the contraction arc grooves 14, and further forming a large friction force on the contraction of the contraction arc plates 15, the larger the moving distance of the supporting steel frame 7 to the middle part is, the larger the friction force between the extrusion pin 31 and the inner wall of the contraction arc groove 14 is, so that the friction force is provided for the contraction of the plurality of supporting plates 12 to reduce the contraction speed of the plurality of supporting plates, and resistance force and buffer force are formed on the surrounding rock pressure, so that the supporting force of the secondary supporting structure 6 formed by the plurality of supporting plates 12 is firmer.
In a fourth embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, the compression layer 4 is formed by mixing and stirring concrete, asphalt, rubber particles, ceramsite, steel fibers and water according to a ratio of 10:3:6:12:1.5:4, the asphalt has certain strength, good deformation characteristic and ductility, so that the compression layer 4 cannot be subjected to brittle failure when undergoing compression deformation after being subjected to extrusion force of a plurality of support plates 12, the rubber particles are used as coarse aggregates, the particle size of the rubber particles can be selected from 5mm to 15mm, the ceramsite is mainly used as fine aggregates, the particle size of the ceramsite can be selected from 0.5 mm to 3mm, and the ceramsite can fill gaps among the rubber particles, so that an effective elastic supporting system is formed, has certain compression resistance and high compression characteristic, and can also enhance the performance of the compression layer 4; the steel fiber can effectively enhance the bearing capacity and the compression resistance of the compression layer 4, and the length of the steel fiber can be selected from 30-50 mm.
Fifth embodiment, on the basis of the fourth embodiment, the waterproof filler 38 is installed in the gap between the adjacent ends of every two of the linings 1, and the waterproof filler 38 can prevent the gap between the linings 1 from falling when the compression layer 4 is compressed, and can also prevent water penetration.
Sixth embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, a plurality of positioning holes 39 penetrate through the inner and outer side surfaces of the front end of the anchor rod 3, a positioning plate 40 is hinged to the right end of each positioning hole 39, the left end of the positioning plate 40 can swing up and down in the positioning holes 39, a positioning circular plate 41 positioned on the left side of the positioning holes 39 is coaxially and slidably mounted inside the anchor rod 3, a plurality of positioning sliders 42 are radially and slidably mounted on the right side surface of the positioning circular plate 41, a positioning tension spring 43 is connected to the middle portions of the plurality of positioning sliders 42 and the positioning circular plate 41, so that the initial positions of the plurality of positioning sliders 42 are located at positions close to the middle portion of the positioning circular plate 41, the left end of each positioning plate 40 is hinged to the right side of one of the positioning sliders 42, a plurality of positioning pins 44 are fixedly connected to the outer side surface of each positioning plate 40, and when the positioning plate 40 swings outwards, the positioning slide block 42 can be driven to slide outwards on the positioning circular plate 41, so that the positioning tension spring 43 is lengthened, the positioning plate 40 can drive the positioning circular plate 41 to slide leftwards and rightwards when swinging, and when the positioning plate 40 swings outwards in the positioning hole 39, the positioning nails 44 can be embedded into the surrounding rock 2, so that the anchor rod 3 can be more firmly fixed inside the surrounding rock 2.
Seventh embodiment, on the basis of sixth embodiment, the coaxial slidable mounting in the inside of the anchor rod 3 has a positioning conical block 45, the positioning conical block 45 can provide outward extrusion force to a plurality of positioning plates 40 when moving to the left, so that a plurality of positioning nails 44 can be gradually embedded into the rock body 2, the right end of the positioning conical block 45 is fixedly connected with a positioning rod 46 extending from the port of the anchor rod 3, after the anchor rod 3 is embedded into the rock body 2, the positioning rod 46 can be knocked inwards from the port of the anchor rod 3, so that the positioning conical block 45 moves to the left, so that a plurality of positioning nails 44 are embedded into the rock body 2, the firmness of the anchor rod 3 is increased, the inner wall at the port of the anchor rod 3 is provided with a plurality of limiting grooves 47, the right end of the positioning rod 46 is coaxially and fixedly mounted with a limiting ring 48, the outer side of the limiting ring 48 is fixedly connected with a plurality of limiting plates 49 respectively slidably mounted in the plurality of limiting grooves 47, a plurality of limiting plates 49 and spacing ring 48 can provide the holding power for locating lever 46, threaded connection has sealed lid 50 on the outer wall of the port department of stock 3, and inside back when location nail 44 embedding rock mass 2 can use sealed lid 50 to seal the port of stock 3, and the toper piece 45 of location is in between a plurality of locating plates 40 all the time this moment for a plurality of location nails 44 can not follow and drop in the rock mass 2.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the lining can be flexibly supported by the shrinkage of the primary supporting structure and the secondary supporting structure, and when the deformation of the surrounding rock reaches a certain amount, the primary supporting structure and the secondary supporting structure form a whole, so that the lining is rigidly protected;
2. when the supporting steel frames contract inwards under the extrusion force of surrounding rocks, the supporting steel frames can drive the supporting plates to contract inwards, so that the extrusion force on the supporting plates is converted into the annular force of the supporting plates, and the plurality of supporting plates can extrude the compression layer when contracting towards the middle part, so that third-level flexible protection is achieved on the lining;
3. an elastic sliding buffer arc plate is arranged among the plurality of supporting steel frames, so that the supporting steel frames can be prevented from deforming after receiving extrusion force, and the plurality of supporting steel frames shrink towards the middle part to form a steel frame ring, thereby forming rigid supporting for the lining;
4. the anchor rod is improved, the positioning nail is added, and the anchor rod can be fixed in the rock body more firmly.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a high ground stress interbedded tunnel control large deformation combined supporting structure, includes lining (1) and country rock (2), its characterized in that, a plurality of lining (1) ring-type row, and every lining (1) all fixes on country rock (2) through a plurality of stock (3), and is a plurality of install compression layer (4) on the lateral surface of lining (1), a plurality of install between lining (1) and country rock (2) with the inboard primary support structure (5) of contact of country rock (2), the inboard of primary support structure (5) is connected with secondary support structure (6) with the lateral surface contact of compression layer (4);
the primary supporting structure (5) comprises a plurality of supporting steel frames (7) which are respectively positioned on the outer side of each lining (1) and have arc-shaped cross sections, a plurality of steel frame long holes (8) for the anchor rods (3) to penetrate through are formed in each supporting steel frame (7), arc-shaped buffer holes (9) are formed in the two ends of each supporting steel frame (7), a buffer arc plate (10) is connected between the two buffer holes (9) at one end, close to each other, of each supporting steel frame (7) in a sliding mode, and a buffer spring (11) is installed inside each buffer hole (9);
the secondary supporting structure (6) comprises a plurality of supporting plates (12) which are respectively positioned on the outer side of each lining (1) and have arc-shaped cross sections, a plurality of supporting long holes (13) for anchor rods (3) to penetrate through each supporting plate (12), the right end of each supporting plate (12) is provided with a contracting arc groove (14), the left end of each supporting plate (12) is fixedly connected with a contracting arc plate (15) which slides in the adjacent contracting arc groove (14), and a contracting spring (16) is fixedly arranged in each contracting arc groove (14);
every all be connected with a plurality of telescopic links (17), every between the inboard of strutting steelframe (7) and the outside of the supporting plate (12) that corresponds all install expanding spring (18), every on stock (3) all the cover is equipped with and is located anchor rod spring (19) between strutting steelframe (7) and a backplate (12), every it all is connected with between supporting steelframe (7) and the supporting plate (12) that corresponds and lets pressure equipment (20).
2. The combined supporting structure for controlling the large deformation of the high-ground-stress interbedded tunnel according to claim 1, wherein each yielding device (20) comprises an arc-shaped sliding groove (21) formed in the outer side surface of the right end of each supporting plate (12), an arc-shaped sliding plate (22) is slidably mounted in each arc-shaped sliding groove (21), each arc-shaped sliding plate (22) is hinged with a yielding push rod (23), the other end of each yielding push rod (23) is hinged to the middle of the inner side of the corresponding supporting steel frame (7), a gear groove (24) penetrates through the outer side surface of the right end of each supporting plate (12) and the contracting arc groove (14), a yielding gear (25) is rotatably mounted in each gear groove (24), and a yielding rack (26) is fixedly connected to the outer side surface of each contracting arc plate (15), each arc-shaped sliding plate (22) is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped rack (27) meshed with the yielding gear (25).
3. The high ground stress interbedded tunnel control large deformation combined supporting structure according to claim 2, wherein each contracting arc plate (15) is internally provided with an extrusion groove (28), an extrusion hole (29) penetrates through the inner side surface and the outer side surface of each contracting arc plate (15) and the extrusion groove (28), the left end in each extrusion groove (28) is slidably provided with two extrusion wedges (30) with symmetrical positions, each extrusion wedge (30) is fixedly connected with an extrusion pin (31) positioned in the extrusion hole (29), an extrusion spring (32) wound on the outer side of the extrusion pin (31) is connected between each extrusion wedge (30) and the extrusion groove (28), the outer side surface of the left end of each supporting plate (12) is provided with an extrusion power groove (33), and an extrusion rod (34) penetrates through and is slidably mounted between each extrusion groove (28) and the extrusion power groove (33), every the one end that stripper bar (34) are located inside extrusion groove (28) all is connected with extrusion taper block (35), every stripper bar (34) are located inside one end in extrusion power groove (33) and all are connected with power lever (36), every power lever (36) all articulate has extrusion push rod (37), every the other end of extrusion push rod (37) all articulates in the inboard middle part of corresponding supporting steelframe (7).
4. The combined supporting structure for controlling large deformation of a high ground stress interbedded tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the compression layer (4) is formed by mixing and stirring concrete, asphalt, rubber particles, ceramsite, steel fiber and water.
5. A combined supporting structure for high ground stress interbedded tunnel control large deformation according to claim 4, characterized in that a waterproof filler (38) is installed in the gap between the adjacent ends of every two linings (1).
6. The combined supporting structure for controlling the large deformation of the high-ground-stress interbedded tunnel according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of positioning holes (39) penetrate through the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the front end of the anchor rod (3), the right end of each positioning hole (39) is hinged to a positioning plate (40), a positioning circular plate (41) located on the left side of each positioning hole (39) is coaxially installed in the anchor rod (3) in a sliding mode, a plurality of positioning sliding blocks (42) are radially installed on the right side surface of each positioning circular plate (41) in a sliding mode, the middle portions of the plurality of positioning sliding blocks (42) and the positioning circular plate (41) are connected with positioning tension springs (43), each positioning plate (40) is hinged to the right side of one positioning sliding block (42), and a plurality of positioning nails (44) are fixedly connected to the outer side surface of each positioning plate (40).
7. The combined supporting structure for the large deformation of the high-ground-stress interbedded tunnel control according to claim 6, characterized in that the inside coaxial sliding mounting of the anchor rod (3) is provided with a positioning conical block (45), the right end fixedly connected with of the positioning conical block (45) extends out of a positioning rod (46) at the port of the anchor rod (3), a plurality of limiting grooves (47) are formed in the inner wall at the port of the anchor rod (3), a limiting ring (48) is fixedly mounted at the coaxial right end of the positioning rod (46), a plurality of limiting plates (49) which are respectively slidably mounted in the limiting grooves (47) are fixedly connected with the outer side of the limiting ring (48), and a sealing cover (50) is connected to the outer wall at the port of the anchor rod (3) through threads.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210338966.0A CN114645723B (en) | 2022-04-01 | 2022-04-01 | High ground stress interbedded tunnel control large deformation combined supporting structure |
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| CN202210338966.0A CN114645723B (en) | 2022-04-01 | 2022-04-01 | High ground stress interbedded tunnel control large deformation combined supporting structure |
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| CN114645723B true CN114645723B (en) | 2022-09-30 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP4987802B2 (en) * | 2008-06-16 | 2012-07-25 | 公益財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所 | Tunnel method for constructing lining back cushioning layer |
| CN203296780U (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2013-11-20 | 西南交通大学 | Supporting and protecting lining device used for preventing surrounding rock from large deformation in underground cavern construction |
| WO2018006558A1 (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2018-01-11 | 山东大学 | Confined high-strength concrete support system applicable to underground tunnel |
| CN109386297B (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2020-04-24 | 兰州理工大学 | Hydraulic tunnel grading yielding support structure and construction method |
| CN210068178U (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2020-02-14 | 河北丞璐建设工程有限公司 | Tunnel supporting lining with buffering performance |
| CN111577339B (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2021-09-28 | 中国建筑股份有限公司 | High-ground-stress soft rock tunnel supporting structure system and construction method thereof |
| CN111550267B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-04-30 | 中山大学 | Tunnel primary support structure and construction method |
| CN111911201B (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2022-09-02 | 山东科技大学 | Energy-absorbing and energy-releasing comprehensive anti-impact support method for rock burst roadway |
| CN212716651U (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2021-03-16 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Flexible energy dissipation support suitable for tunnel soft rock large deformation |
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