CN214936820U - Small-size domestic sewage treatment device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of water treatment, and discloses a small-sized domestic sewage treatment device, which comprises an ecological system, wherein the ecological system comprises a box body and a plurality of filter material layers, an ecological packing layer, drain pipes and vent pipes, the filter material layers and the ecological packing layer are arranged in the box body from top to bottom in an alternating manner, the filter material layers are arranged at the top and the bottom, the filter material layers comprise a first filter material layer and a second filter material layer, each drain pipe is uniformly laid in the box body and positioned in the second filter material layer at the bottom, a plurality of drain holes are arranged on the pipe body of each drain pipe, the drain pipes are communicated with the outside of the box body, the vent pipes are arranged in each second filter material layer, the pipe body of each vent pipe is provided with a plurality of vent holes, the vent pipes are communicated with the outside environment of the box body, a covering layer is arranged above the first filter material layer at the top, plants are planted on the covering layer, the box body is provided with a water inlet, the water inlet is positioned above the covering layer, the effluent quality is high and the structure is stable.

Description

Small-size domestic sewage treatment device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a water treatment technical field especially relates to a small-size domestic sewage treatment plant.

Background

At present, a large amount of pollutants in urban domestic sewage aggravates the pollution of a receiving water body to cause the water quality deterioration, particularly, the sewage contains a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus to cause water eutrophication, and the problem arouses the general attention of people. The town sewage is sewage formed by residents in town areas in the processes of life and production. The urban domestic sewage refers to sewage discharged from toilets, bathes, clothes and kitchens in the living process of residents, and has a large and wide domestic sewage amount. The water environment condition faces a very serious problem, irrigation water is seriously polluted, underground water is excessively harvested and seriously polluted, surface water is in a continuous deterioration trend, and the original ecological environment function of the surface water is gradually lost.

The wetland ecosystem is a technology for treating sewage and sludge by using the physical, chemical and biological triple synergistic effects of soil, artificial media, plants and microorganisms in the process of flowing along a certain direction by using the artificially constructed and controlled running ground similar to the marshland and by adding the sewage and the sludge in a controlled manner to the artificially constructed wetland. The action mechanism of the plant nutrient solution comprises the actions of adsorption, detention, filtration, oxidation reduction, precipitation, microbial decomposition, transformation, plant shielding, residue accumulation, transpiration moisture and nutrient absorption and various animals. The wetland ecosystem has a very complex purification mechanism for treating the wastewater, after the wetland ecosystem operates stably, a large number of biological films formed by a plurality of microorganisms are adsorbed on the surface of the filler, plant roots are distributed on the surface of the wetland, and the purification process of the wastewater is completed by the synergistic action of physics, chemistry and biology.

However, the traditional artificial wetland has the defects of poor impact load resistance, overlarge occupied area, difficult maintenance work and the like, and has the defects of quick soil (land) seepage, easy blockage in other ecological soil, easy hardening of soil, unstable removal of nitrogen and phosphorus, strict requirement on water purification plants, difficult generation of economic benefit and the like.

Chinese utility model patent CN206273788U (2017, 06, 23 days) discloses an ecological barrel for domestic sewage treatment, which comprises a barrel body, be provided with cyclic annular water distributor in the bottom of staving, be provided with the water distributor aperture on the cyclic annular water distributor, cyclic annular water distributor and the water inlet pipe connection that stretches into from the staving upper port, horizontal in the staving of cyclic annular water distributor top is provided with purification section bearing layer, the layer is mixed to quartz sand and steel sand on the purification section bearing layer has set gradually from bottom to top, the haydite filter bed, fine sand layer and peat soil layer, be provided with the cross aerator between quartz sand and steel sand mixed layer and haydite filter bed, the cross aerator with stretch into from the staving upper port intake-tube connection. The problem of land is ventilative can be solved to this patent, but the sewage of this patent from down and flow, needs great sewage pressure of intaking to the top of staving is located to the delivery port, and sewage can not be discharged completely, makes the purification section bearing layer bubble in the middle of sewage always, makes the continuous reproduction of microorganism, the continuous growth of plant, brings the further deterioration of water.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a small-size domestic sewage treatment device with good effluent quality and stable structure.

In order to realize the purpose, the utility model provides a small-sized domestic sewage treatment device, which comprises an ecological system, wherein the ecological system comprises a box body and a plurality of filter material layers, an ecological packing layer, drain pipes and vent pipes which are arranged in the box body, the filter material layers and the ecological packing layer are alternately arranged from top to bottom, the uppermost filter material layers and the lowermost filter material layers are the filter material layers, the filter material layers comprise a first filter material layer and a second filter material layer, the first filter material layer is positioned above the second filter material layer, the filter material particle size of the second filter material layer is larger than that of the first filter material layer, each drain pipe is uniformly laid in the box body and positioned in the lowermost second filter material layer, a plurality of drain holes are arranged on the pipe body of each drain pipe, the drain pipes are communicated with the outside of the box body, and the vent pipes are arranged in each second filter material layer, the air permeability pipe is arranged close to the first filter material layer, a pipe body of the air permeability pipe is provided with a plurality of air vents, the air permeability pipe is communicated with the external environment of the box body, a covering layer is arranged above the first filter material layer which is positioned at the top, plants are planted on the covering layer, the box body is provided with a water inlet, and the water inlet is positioned above the covering layer.

Preferably, the box body is provided with a vent pipe tightly attached to the wall of the box body, the vent pipe is arranged along the height direction of the box body, and each vent pipe is communicated with the vent pipe.

Preferably, the vent pipes are staggered and obliquely downwards opened to form the vent holes.

Preferably, the plurality of ventilation pipes are perpendicularly and crossly connected with each other.

Preferably, the second filter material layer comprises a fine stone layer and a coarse stone layer, and the fine stone layer is located above the coarse stone layer.

Preferably, filter cloth is arranged between the coarse stone layer positioned at the lowest part and the fine stone layer positioned above the coarse stone layer.

Preferably, the first filter material layer is a coarse sand layer.

Preferably, the grain size of coarse sand of the coarse sand layer is 3-5 mm, the grain size of fine stone of the fine stone layer is 10-20 mm, the grain size of coarse stone of the coarse stone layer is 20-40 mm, and the grain size of the ecological packing layer is 100-500 meshes.

As a preferred scheme, the ecological system further comprises a plurality of water distribution pipes, each water distribution pipe is uniformly laid above the covering layer and is communicated with the water inlet, and a switch valve is arranged at the water inlet.

As a preferred scheme, the device also comprises a plurality of sequentially communicated slag settling tanks, wherein the bottoms of the slag settling tanks are provided with suction ports, and the last slag settling tank is communicated with the water inlet.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:

the utility model discloses a top at the box sets up the water inlet, make sewage top-down flow through first precoat, second precoat and bio-packing layer, first precoat, the pollutant can be held back to second precoat and bio-packing layer, and good oxygen on it, the pollutant can be cleared up to oxygen deficiency and anaerobism, it is high and very stable to go out water quality of water, it can satisfy standard above the III class quality of water of "surface water environment quality standard" (GB3838-2002) to go out water main indicator, sewage is discharged by the drain pipe of bottom at last, can arrange the interior sewage of box to the greatest extent, avoid sewage to accumulate in the box, be favorable to the ecological restoration in the box, and have the supporting action to the precoat and the bio-packing layer above that it is, the sewage of each department of box can in time be discharged to the drain pipe of even setting, it is efficient to drain.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a small-sized domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an ecosystem according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the ventilation tube according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a gas permeable tube according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a distribution diagram of the water distributor according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a distribution diagram of the ventilation tube according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a distribution diagram of the drain pipe according to the embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 100-ecosystem; 110-a box body; 120-a filter material layer; 121-a first filter material layer; 122-a second frit layer; 123-a fine stone layer; 124-coarse stone layer; 130-ecological filler layer; 140-a drain pipe; 150-a gas permeable tube; 151-air holes; 160-a cover layer; 170-a breather pipe; 180-filter cloth; 190-water distribution pipe; 200-a sediment tank; 210-suction port.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, a small-sized domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises an ecosystem 100, the ecosystem 100 includes a box body 110 and a plurality of filter material layers 120, an ecological packing layer 130, drain pipes 140 and vent pipes 150 which are arranged in the box body 110, the filter material layers 120 and the ecological packing layer 130 are alternately arranged from top to bottom, the uppermost and lowermost filter material layers 120 are the filter material layers 120, the filter material layers 120 include a first filter material layer 121 and a second filter material layer 122, the first filter material layer 121 is located above the second filter material layer 122, the filter material particle size of the second filter material layer 122 is larger than that of the first filter material layer 121, each drain pipe 140 is uniformly laid in the box body 110 and located in the lowermost second filter material layer 122, a plurality of drain holes are arranged on the pipe body of the drain pipe 140, the drain pipe 140 is communicated with the outside of the box body 110, the vent pipes 150 are arranged in each second filter material layer 122, the permeability cell 150 is close to the first filter material layer 121, the body of the permeability cell 150 is provided with a plurality of air holes 151, the permeability cell 150 is communicated with the external environment of the box body 110, a covering layer 160 is arranged above the uppermost first filter material layer 121, the covering layer 160 is planted with 170, the box body 110 is provided with a water inlet, and the water inlet is arranged above the covering layer 160. In the embodiment, the water inlet is arranged at the top of the box body 110, so that sewage flows through the first filter material layer 121, the second filter material layer 122 and the biological filler layer 130 from top to bottom, the pollutants can be intercepted by the first filter material layer 121, the second filter material layer 122 and the biological filler layer 130, the pollutants can be cleared up by aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic organisms on the first filter material layer 121, the effluent water quality is high and stable, the main effluent indexes can meet the standards above III class water quality Standard (GB3838-2002), the sewage is finally discharged by the drain pipe 140 at the bottom, the sewage in the box body 110 can be drained completely, the accumulation of the sewage in the box body 110 is avoided, the ecological restoration in the box body 110 is facilitated, the support effect is realized on the filter material layer 120 and the biological filler layer 130 on the first filter material layer, the uniformly arranged drain pipe 140 can timely discharge the sewage at all positions of the box body 110, the drainage efficiency is high, and the layer collapse is avoided. In this embodiment, three filter material layers 120 are provided, and two ecological filler layers 130 are provided, and distribution of the covering layer 160-the filter material layer 120-the ecological filler layer 130-the filter material layer 120 "is formed from top to bottom in the box body 110, so that three-stage filtration and two-stage digestion can be performed, and the purification rate and efficiency can be improved.

The start-up and debugging period of the ecosystem 100 is short, the system is completely stable within about one month, the blockage phenomenon caused by the falling of a biological membrane in the artificial wetland is effectively avoided, no residual sludge is generated, no obvious odor is generated, no secondary pollution is caused, the impact load during transportation is strong, and the system can be well adapted to large-range fluctuation of large water inlet concentration and water inlet quantity. Meanwhile, the method has the advantages of a rapid land infiltration technology and intermittent vertical flow constructed wetlands, fundamentally overcomes the defects of poor impact load resistance, overlarge occupied area, difficult maintenance and the like of the traditional constructed wetlands, and also overcomes the defects of easy blockage of soil (land) rapid infiltration and other ecological soil, easy hardening of soil, unstable removal of nitrogen and phosphorus, harsh water purification requirement and difficult generation of economic benefit and the like. The ecosystem 100 of the embodiment is simple and convenient to operate, easy to manage and maintain, low in requirements for technical levels and academic calendars of operators, free of activated sludge and odor, and comprehensive operating cost of about 20% of that of an aeration biological filter method and a membrane bioreactor method, fully utilizes the synergistic effect of growth absorption and microbial purification decomposition in compound soil, strengthens and stabilizes the autonomous respiration of the compound soil and the reoxygenation efficiency inside the land, achieves efficient and stable ecological purification efficiency of the system, and can directly generate economic benefits by planting local economic crops without changing the use function of the land. The air-permeable pipe 150 creates a stable multi-layer oxygen environment zone region of 'aerobic-anoxic-anaerobic-aerobic', and simultaneously completes the reoxygenation process by relying on the periodic unpowered autonomous respiration of the system, thereby providing corresponding internal oxygen environment for the efficient degradation of pollutants by microorganisms of each filter material layer 120 and the ecological filler layer 130. In the ecosystem 100, the main purification function is the enrichment and the huge amount of microbes and substrate enzymes in the ecological filler layer 130, and the secondary purification function is the adsorption and the interception of the substrate in the filter layer 120, and the auxiliary purification function is 170.

Furthermore, the box body 110 is provided with an air pipe 170 closely attached to the wall of the box body, the air pipe 170 is arranged along the height direction of the box body 110, and each air pipe 150 is communicated with the air pipe 170, so that the arrangement of the air pipes 150 is convenient, and the structure is compact. In addition, the air pipe 170 of the present embodiment is connected to an air pump through an air inlet pipe, so as to improve the air inlet efficiency. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the vent pipe 150 of the present embodiment forms vent holes 151 by obliquely and alternately opening the vent pipe 150, so that the bus bar at the bottom of the vent pipe 150 contacts with the support to prevent the vent holes 151 from being blocked. The opening direction of the air holes 151 of this embodiment is 45 ° downward. The drain pipe 140 of the present embodiment also forms a drain hole for staggered 45 ° downward slant holes. In addition, as shown in fig. 6, the plurality of air permeable tubes 150 of the present embodiment are perpendicularly cross-connected to each other, so that the air permeability is uniform at each position in the same plane of the filter material layer 120 and the ecological filler layer 130.

Optionally, the second filter material layer 122 includes a fine stone layer 123 and a coarse stone layer 124, and the fine stone layer 123 is located above the coarse stone layer 124. The filter cloth 180 is arranged between the bottom coarse stone layer 124 and the upper fine stone layer 123, which can further filter and prevent the drain hole from being blocked. The first filter material layer 121 of this embodiment is a coarse sand layer. The overburden 160 is a fine sand layer. In addition, the grain size of the coarse sand layer is 3-5 mm, the grain size of the fine stone layer 123 is 10-20 mm, the grain size of the coarse stone layer 124 is 20-40 mm, and the grain size of the ecological filler layer 130 is 100-500 meshes. In addition, the thickness of the first filter material layer 121 is smaller than that of the ecological filler layer 130, and the thickness of the second filter material layer 122 is greater than or equal to that of the ecological filler layer 130. The thickness of the covering layer 160 of this embodiment is 200mm, the thickness of the first filter material layer 121 is 100-300 mm, the thickness of the fine stone layer 123 is 100mm, the thickness of the coarse stone layer 124 is 200-300 mm, and the thickness of the ecological filler layer 130 is 200-400 mm. In this embodiment, the coarse sand of the first filter material layer 121 is river sand or quartz sand, the matrix of the ecological filler layer 130 includes iron powder, carbon powder, PVC powder, fly ash, quartz sand, etc., the filter cloth 180 is polyester cloth, and the plants planted in the cover layer 160 include elephant grass, canna, etc. In addition, the ecosystem 100 of the embodiment further includes a plurality of water distribution pipes 190, each water distribution pipe 190 is uniformly laid above the covering layer 160, the water distribution pipes 190 are communicated with the water inlet, the switch valve is arranged at the water inlet, so that sewage can be uniformly infiltrated in the tank 110, water inflow can be controlled through the switch valve, a dry-wet alternative water inflow mode is adopted, a large amount of mosquitoes are bred and odor is caused commonly in a submerged artificial wetland system without continuous water inflow, and plant maintenance and residue collection are very convenient. The water distribution pipes 190 of the present embodiment are staggered and inclined downwards to form 45 ° openings to form water distribution holes.

The sewage treatment plant of this embodiment still includes a plurality of dregs of a decoction ponds 200 that communicate in proper order, and the bottom of the pool of dregs of a decoction pond 200 all is equipped with suction port 210, and great suspended solid can be filtered earlier in last dregs of a decoction pond 200 and water inlet intercommunication, can take the mud of dregs of a decoction pond 200 bottom out through suction port 210 and transport away. In addition, the communicating parts of two adjacent slag settling tanks 200 are arranged from top to bottom in sequence, and along with the flowing of sewage in each slag settling tank 200, the water level can be continuously reduced due to filtering, so that the sewage can smoothly flow due to the reduction of the positions of the communicating parts. In addition, the height of each slag settling tank 200 is equal, and the cross section area of the slag settling tank closer to the sewage inlet is smaller, so that the sewage flowing power can be kept.

To sum up, the embodiment of the present invention provides a small-sized domestic sewage treatment device, which is characterized in that a water inlet is arranged at the top of a box body 110, so that sewage flows through a first filter material layer 121, a second filter material layer 122 and a biological filler layer 130 from top to bottom, the first filter material layer 121, the second filter material layer 122 and the biological filler layer 130 can intercept pollutants, aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic organisms on the first filter material layer can clear up the pollutants, the quality of outlet water is high and extremely stable, the main index of the outlet water can meet the standards of the quality standard of the surface water environment (GB3838-2002) class III water quality, the sewage is finally discharged from a drain pipe 140 at the bottom, the sewage in the box body 110 can be drained completely, the sewage is prevented from accumulating in the box body 110, the ecological restoration in the box body 110 is facilitated, the filter material layer 120 and the biological filler layer 130 on the first filter material layer have a supporting effect, and the uniformly arranged drain pipe 140 can timely drain the sewage in various places of the box body 110, the drainage efficiency is high, and the layer collapse is avoided.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of modifications and replacements can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and replacements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The small-sized domestic sewage treatment device is characterized by comprising an ecological system (100), wherein the ecological system (100) comprises a box body (110) and a plurality of filter material layers (120), an ecological filler layer (130), drain pipes (140) and vent pipes (150) which are arranged in the box body (110), the filter material layers (120) and the ecological filler layer (130) are alternately arranged from top to bottom, the uppermost part and the lowermost part are the filter material layers (120), the filter material layers (120) comprise a first filter material layer (121) and a second filter material layer (122), the first filter material layer (121) is positioned above the second filter material layer (122), the filter material particle size of the second filter material layer (122) is larger than that of the first filter material layer (121), and the drain pipes (140) are uniformly paved in the box body (110) and positioned in the second filter material layer (122) at the lowermost part, the drainage pipe is characterized in that a plurality of drainage holes are formed in the pipe body of the drainage pipe (140), the drainage pipe (140) is communicated with the outside of the box body (110), the vent pipe (150) is arranged in each second filter material layer (122), the vent pipe (150) is arranged close to the first filter material layer (121), a plurality of vent holes (151) are formed in the pipe body of the vent pipe (150), the vent pipe (150) is communicated with the outside environment of the box body (110), a covering layer (160) is arranged above the uppermost first filter material layer (121), plants are planted in the covering layer (160), a water inlet is formed in the box body (110), and the water inlet is located above the covering layer (160).

2. The small-sized domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said tank body (110) is provided with a ventilation pipe (170) closely attached to a wall thereof, said ventilation pipe (170) is disposed along a height direction of said tank body (110), and each of said ventilation pipes (150) is communicated with said ventilation pipe (170).

3. The small-sized domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said air permeation tube (150) is formed to have said air permeation hole (151) by being alternately and obliquely downwardly opened.

4. The small-sized domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of said air-permeable pipes (150) are cross-connected to each other perpendicularly.

5. The small-sized domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said second filter layer (122) comprises a fine stone layer (123) and a coarse stone layer (124), said fine stone layer (123) being positioned above said coarse stone layer (124).

6. The small-sized domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 5, wherein a filter cloth (180) is provided between said coarse stone layer (124) located at the lowermost position and said fine stone layer (123) located above.

7. The small-sized domestic sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said first precoat layer (121) is a course sand layer.

8. The small-sized domestic sewage treatment device according to claim 7, wherein the coarse sand of the coarse sand layer has a particle size of 3 to 5mm, the fine stone of the fine stone layer (123) has a particle size of 10 to 20mm, the coarse stone of the coarse stone layer (124) has a particle size of 20 to 40mm, and the ecological filler layer (130) has a particle size of 100 to 500 mesh.

9. The small-sized domestic sewage treatment device according to claim 1, wherein said ecosystem (100) further comprises a plurality of water distribution pipes (190), each of said water distribution pipes (190) is uniformly laid above said covering layer (160), said water distribution pipes (190) are communicated with said water inlet, and said water inlet is provided with a switch valve.

10. The small-sized domestic sewage treatment device according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of sequentially communicated slag settling tanks (200), wherein the bottoms of the slag settling tanks (200) are provided with suction ports (210), and the last slag settling tank (200) is communicated with the water inlet.

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