CN214907974U - Femoral neck hollow screw guider - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a femoral neck hollow screw guider, which comprises a guiding body, wherein the guiding body is a blocky structure, the blocky structure comprises a first plane and a second plane, a plurality of positioning holes which run through the first plane and the second plane are arranged on the blocky structure, and the central axis of each positioning hole is vertical to the first plane; the positioning holes are arranged in a T shape, the connecting lines of the centers of all the positioning holes on the T-shaped cross arm are first straight line segments, and the connecting lines of the centers of all the positioning holes on the T-shaped longitudinal arm are second straight line segments; and viewed from the side of the first plane in a front view of the T shape, wherein the left end of the T-shaped cross arm is higher than the right end of the T-shaped cross arm, the acute angle between the first straight line segment and the second straight line segment is 65-75 degrees, and all positioning holes on the T-shaped cross arm are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the intersection point of the extension line of the second straight line segment and the first straight line segment. The utility model provides a three cannulated screw that the director was put into accords with thighbone neck physiological form stability good.

Description

Femoral neck hollow screw guider

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical instrument, concretely relates to thighbone neck hollow screw director.

Background

At present, the percutaneous three-hollow screw fixation is still the most practical, most extensive and simplest surgical mode preferred by young patients with femoral neck fracture, and currently, with the development of medical technology and the deep research on femoral neck fracture, the screw placing modes of the hollow screw in the femoral neck fracture treatment are various, but no determination is made as to which configuration is the most ideal arrangement mode.

For example, in the existing femoral neck fracture hollow screw internal fixation, the inverted triangle fixing technology rechecks the structure of the upper part and the lower part of the proximal end of the femur, the screw placement is easy, and the dispersion of three screws is more favorable for local biomechanical fixation.

However, researches in recent years show that the three-dimensional shape of the femoral neck is irregular, namely the three-dimensional shape is not a cylindrical shape or a triangular prism shape in the traditional sense, but the proximal end is mainly a triangular prism and gradually moves to a quadrangular prism shape towards the distal end, and we find that when the hollow screw is clinically applied to treat femoral neck fracture, a plurality of rear hollow screws penetrate through the rear upper inclined plane of the femoral neck and cannot be completely inserted into the femoral neck, and the situation can not be observed in perspective in an operation, so how to enable the hollow screw to be effectively inserted into the femoral neck, and therefore, the effective fixation of the femoral neck becomes an urgent technical problem to be solved.

In order to make the femoral neck cannulation screw put into and accord with the physiology characteristic of patient's femoral neck more to make putting into of cannulation screw more accurate effective, avoid the technical problem that the cannulation screw was worn out by the upper inclined plane behind the femoral neck, need urgent need to develop a femoral neck cannulation screw director that facilitates the use more.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve clinically, wear out from thighbone neck back upper inclined plane easily after hollow screw puts into in current fixed art of falling triangle to lead to hollow screw can't carry out the technical problem effectively fixed to the thighbone neck, the utility model provides a thighbone neck hollow screw director.

A femoral neck hollow screw guider comprises a guiding body, wherein the guiding body is of a block-shaped structure, the block-shaped structure comprises a first plane and a second plane, a plurality of positioning holes penetrating through the first plane and the second plane are formed in the block-shaped structure, and the central axis of each positioning hole is perpendicular to the first plane; the positioning holes are arranged in a T shape, the connecting lines of the centers of all the positioning holes on the T-shaped cross arm are first straight line segments, and the connecting lines of the centers of all the positioning holes on the T-shaped longitudinal arm are second straight line segments; and viewed from the side of the first plane in a front view of the T shape, wherein the left end of the T-shaped cross arm is higher than the right end of the T-shaped cross arm, the acute angle between the first straight line segment and the second straight line segment is 65-75 degrees, and all positioning holes on the T-shaped cross arm are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the intersection point of the extension line of the second straight line segment and the first straight line segment.

When the femoral neck hollow screw guider is used, the second plane is arranged close to the femur of a patient, and a first hollow screw positioned on the axial direction of a femoral shaft is firstly driven into a certain positioning hole on the T-shaped longitudinal arm; then the T-shaped longitudinal arm and the femoral shaft are axially arranged in parallel, and a second hollow screw and a third hollow screw are respectively driven into the T-shaped transverse arm through two positioning holes which are symmetrical on the left side and the right side according to the size of the femur of a patient. Because the acute angle between the first straight line segment and the second straight line segment is 65-75 degrees, an oblique triangle is formed among the three cannulated screws driven by the guider, the first cannulated screw is arranged on a straight line which is along the axial direction of the femur and passes through the midpoint of the connecting line of the second cannulated screw and the third cannulated screw, the second cannulated screw is positioned at the front upper part, the third cannulated screw is positioned at the rear upper part, and the position of the third cannulated screw is lower than that of the second cannulated screw. The configuration of the oblique triangle accords with the normal physiological form of the femoral neck, and better stability can be obtained; when the third hollow screw is arranged, the position of the third hollow screw can be determined from the side surface of the femur, so that the third hollow screw at the upper back can be prevented from penetrating out from the inclined plane at the upper back of the femoral neck.

Furthermore, on the T-shaped cross arm, the distance between two positioning holes which are farthest away is 4cm-6 cm.

Furthermore, when the T-shaped cross arm is viewed from one side of the first plane in a front view, a third plane where a positioning hole located at the leftmost end of the T-shaped cross arm is located, a fourth plane where a positioning hole located on the T-shaped longitudinal arm and farthest from the T-shaped cross arm is located, the third plane and the fourth plane are perpendicular to a straight line where the second straight line segment is located, and the distance between the third plane and the fourth plane is 5cm-6 cm. In the setting, through the setting to the distance value of the locating hole on T style of calligraphy xarm and the T style of calligraphy trailing arm for guider overall structure and thighbone size are laminated more, and can be applicable to most people's thighbone.

Further wherein the first plane and the second plane are disposed in parallel. In this arrangement, the first and second planes are arranged in parallel so as to facilitate adjustment of the angle of inclination of the cannulated screw in response to the angle of inclination being adjusted from the first plane.

Furthermore, a plurality of holding protrusions are arranged on the second plane, and one ends, far away from the guide body, of the holding protrusions are of pointed structures. Through setting up and holding the arch for the power of grabbing of guide body to the thighbone is stronger, can prevent the aversion of guide body on the thighbone. In use, the tip structure of the holding protrusion can be driven into the surface of the femur by knocking the guide body, so that the holding protrusion can hold the surface of the femur more stably.

Furthermore, the number of the holding protrusions is 3, the holding protrusions are respectively arranged on the extension lines at the two ends of the first straight line segment, and the holding protrusion is arranged on the extension line at the end, far away from the first straight line segment, of the second straight line segment. The three holding protrusions are arranged at the ends of the two rows of positioning holes, so that the hollow screw can be conveniently inserted into any one positioning hole while the holding protrusions hold the femur.

Further, the holding protrusion is of a cone structure. The holding bulge is arranged into a cone knot, so that the holding bulge is conveniently nailed on the femoral surface; meanwhile, the cone structure is simple in structure and convenient to produce.

Further, still include the handle, handle first end is connected to on the guide body, and handle second end inclines towards the first plane, handle second end extends towards the direction of keeping away from the guide body. Through setting up the handle, convenience of customers's gripping and use.

Furthermore, the central axis of the handle and the second straight-line segment are in the same plane. Through the axis with the handle and the setting of second straightway in same plane, can come the fixed direction body through the handle to make the second straightway be located the thighbone axial, convenient adjustment and use.

Further, the whole stainless steel or carbon fiber material that is of direction body, the handle is two segmentation structures, the handle is close to one section of direction body with direction body structure as an organic whole, the handle is kept away from one section of direction body is wooden structure. One section of keeping away from the direction body with the handle is wooden structure, can reduce the holistic quality of director and reduce heat-conduction to can avoid carrying out the high temperature disinfection in-process to the director and produce harmful substance.

Adopt the utility model discloses in the thighbone neck cannulated screw director that provides, what form between the three cannulated screw that squeezes in is an oblique triangle-shaped, and first cannulated screw sets up in along the thighbone axial and on the straight line through the mid point of first second cannulated screw and second third cannulated screw line, and wherein second cannulated screw is located the front upper side, and third cannulated screw is located the back upper side, and wherein third cannulated screw's position is less than second cannulated screw's position. The configuration of the oblique triangle accords with the normal physiological form of the femoral neck, and better stability can be obtained; when the second third cannulated screw is placed, the position of the second third cannulated screw can be determined from the lateral surface of the femur so as to prevent the second third cannulated screw from passing out of the oblique plane at the upper back of the femoral neck. Through setting up and holding the arch for the power of grabbing of guide body to the thighbone is stronger, can prevent the aversion of guide body on the thighbone. In use, the tip structure of the holding protrusion can be driven into the surface of the femur by knocking the guide body, so that the holding protrusion can hold the surface of the femur more stably. Through setting up the handle, convenience of customers's gripping and use.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a femoral neck cannulated screw guide according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic front view of a femoral neck cannulated screw guide in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic side view of a femoral neck cannulated screw guide in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of another angle of the femoral neck cannulated screw guide according to embodiments of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a partially enlarged schematic view of fig. 4.

In the figure, 100, the guide body; 101. a first plane; 102. a second plane; 103. positioning holes; 104. a T-shaped cross arm; 105. a T-shaped trailing arm; 200. a handle; 210. a handle first end; 220. a handle second end; 300. a holding projection.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and some structures are not shown in the drawings, which can be derived by those skilled in the art according to the present invention.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

The axial direction of the femur of the utility model refers to the extending direction of the femur body.

Example a femoral neck cannulated screw guide

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a femoral neck cannulated screw guide according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic front view of a femoral neck cannulated screw guide in an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 3 is a schematic side view of a femoral neck cannulated screw guide in an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 4 is a schematic view of another angle of the femoral neck cannulated screw guide according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged schematic view of fig. 4.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the femoral neck cannulated screw guide in this embodiment comprises a guide body 100, wherein the guide body 100 is a block-shaped structure comprising a first plane 101 and a second plane 102, a plurality of positioning holes 103 are formed in the block-shaped structure to penetrate through the first plane 101 and the second plane 102, and a central axis of the positioning holes 103 is perpendicular to the first plane 101; the positioning holes 103 are arranged in a T shape, the connecting lines of the centers of all the positioning holes 103 on the T-shaped cross arm 104 are first straight line segments, and the connecting lines of the centers of all the positioning holes 103 on the T-shaped longitudinal arm 105 are second straight line segments; when viewed from the side of the first plane 101 in a front view of the T-shape (i.e. from the angle of FIG. 2), wherein the left end of the T-shaped cross arm 104 is higher than the right end of the T-shaped cross arm 104, the acute angle between the first straight line segment and the second straight line segment has the value of 65-75 degrees, and all the positioning holes 103 on the T-shaped cross arm 104 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the intersection point of the extension line of the second straight line segment and the first straight line segment.

In the femoral neck cannulated screw guide of the present embodiment, in use, wherein the second plane 102 is disposed adjacent to the femur of the patient, a first cannulated screw located axially to the femoral shaft is first driven through one of the locating holes 103 of the T-shaped trailing arm 105; then, the T-shaped longitudinal arm 105 and the femoral shaft are axially arranged in parallel, and according to the size of the femur of a patient, a second hollow screw and a third hollow screw are respectively driven into the T-shaped transverse arm 104 through two positioning holes 103 which are symmetrical on the left side and the right side. Because the acute angle between the first straight line segment and the second straight line segment is 65-75 degrees, an oblique triangle is formed among the three cannulated screws driven by the guider, the first cannulated screw is arranged on a straight line which is along the axial direction of the femur and passes through the middle point of the connecting line of the second cannulated screw and the third cannulated screw, the second cannulated screw is positioned at the front upper part, the third cannulated screw is positioned at the rear upper part, and the position of the third cannulated screw is lower than that of the second cannulated screw. The configuration of the oblique triangle accords with the normal physiological form of the femoral neck, and better stability can be obtained; when the third hollow screw is arranged, the position of the third hollow screw can be determined from the side surface of the femur, so that the third hollow screw at the upper back can be prevented from penetrating out from the inclined plane at the upper back of the femoral neck.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the cross section of the guide body 100 in this embodiment is a symmetrical structure combining a rectangle and a triangle. In some embodiments, the cross section of the guiding body 100 may also be other shapes, such as triangle, rectangle, ellipse, trapezoid, or the like, which are not described herein.

Preferably, the acute angle between the first straight line segment and the second straight line segment has an angle value of any angle between 65 degrees and 75 degrees; preferably 65 °, 60 °, 75 °, or the like.

Preferably, all the positioning holes 103 on the T-shaped cross arm 104 are uniformly distributed, i.e. the distance between adjacent positioning holes 103 is the same.

Preferably, all the positioning holes 103 on the T-shaped trailing arm 105 are uniformly distributed, i.e. the distance between adjacent positioning holes 103 is the same.

In the present embodiment, the cross-section of the positioning hole 103 is a circle, and the diameter of the circle is 2.5mm to 3 mm.

In a preferred embodiment, the distance between the two positioning holes 103 which are farthest away on the T-shaped cross arm 104 is 4cm-6cm, preferably 5 cm. Preferably, when viewed from the side of the first plane 101 in a T-shape, a third plane (not shown in the figure) where the positioning hole 103 located at the leftmost end of the T-shaped cross arm 104 is located, a fourth plane (not shown in the figure) where the positioning hole 103 located farthest from the T-shaped cross arm 104 is located on the T-shaped longitudinal arm 105, the third plane and the fourth plane are both perpendicular to a straight line where the second straight line segment is located, and the distance between the third plane and the fourth plane is 5cm-6cm, preferably 5 cm. The distance value of the positioning holes 103 on the T-shaped cross arm 104 and the T-shaped longitudinal arm 105 is set, so that the overall structure of the guide is more suitable for the size of the femur, and the guide can be suitable for the femur of most people.

Preferably, in one embodiment the first plane 101 and said second plane 102 are arranged in parallel. The parallel arrangement of the first plane 101 and the second plane 102 facilitates the adjustment of the angle of inclination of the cannulated screw in response to the angle of inclination from the first plane 101.

As shown in fig. 1-4, the femoral neck cannulated screw guide in this embodiment further comprises a handle 200, a handle first end 210 connected to the guide body 100, a handle second end 220 angled toward the first plane 101, and a handle second end 220 extending away from the guide body 100. The handle 200 is provided to facilitate the user to hold and use.

Preferably, the central axis of the handle 200 is in the same plane as the second linear section. Through the axis with handle 200 and the setting of second straightway in same plane, can come fixed direction body 100 through handle 200 to make the second straightway be located the thighbone axial, convenient adjustment and use.

In a preferred embodiment, the guide body 100 is made of stainless steel or carbon fiber, the handle 200 is a two-segment structure, a segment of the handle 200 close to the guide body 100 and the guide body 100 are integrated, and a segment of the handle 200 far from the guide body 100 is made of wood. Through setting up to stainless steel or carbon fiber material to direction body 100, guarantee that direction body 100 has certain intensity. One section of the handle 200 away from the guide body 100 is of a wood structure, so that the overall quality of the guide can be reduced, the heat conduction can be reduced, and harmful substances can be prevented from being generated in the high-temperature disinfection process of the guide.

As shown in fig. 5, a plurality of holding protrusions 300 are provided on the second plane 102, and one end of the holding protrusion 300 away from the guide body 100 is a tip structure. The holding protrusion 300 facilitates the fixation and grasping of the guide body 100 on the femoral surface, so that the guide body 100 has a stronger holding force on the femur, and the guide body 100 can be prevented from being displaced on the femur. In use, the tip structure of the holding protrusion 300 can be driven into the femoral surface by knocking the guide body 100, so that the holding protrusion 300 can hold the femoral surface more stably.

Preferably, in one embodiment, the number of the holding protrusions 300 is 3, one holding protrusion 300 is provided on each extension line of both ends of the first straight line segment, and one holding protrusion 300 is provided on each extension line of one end of the second straight line segment away from the first straight line segment. The three holding protrusions 300 are positioned at the ends of the two rows of positioning holes 103, so that the holding protrusions 300 can hold the femur without affecting the penetration of the cannulated screw into any one of the positioning holes 103.

Preferably, in one embodiment, the gripping protrusion 300 is a cone-shaped structure. The holding protrusion 300 is set as a cone knot, so that the holding protrusion 300 can be conveniently nailed on the femoral surface; meanwhile, the cone structure is simple in structure and convenient to produce.

The above description of the embodiments is only intended to illustrate the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several modifications can be made to the present invention, and these modifications will fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The femoral neck hollow screw guider is characterized by comprising a guiding body, wherein the guiding body is a block-shaped structure, the block-shaped structure comprises a first plane and a second plane, a plurality of positioning holes penetrating through the first plane and the second plane are formed in the block-shaped structure, and the central axis of each positioning hole is perpendicular to the first plane; the positioning holes are arranged in a T shape, the connecting lines of the centers of all the positioning holes on the T-shaped cross arm are first straight line segments, and the connecting lines of the centers of all the positioning holes on the T-shaped longitudinal arm are second straight line segments; and viewed from the side of the first plane in a front view of the T shape, wherein the left end of the T-shaped cross arm is higher than the right end of the T-shaped cross arm, the acute angle between the first straight line segment and the second straight line segment is 65-75 degrees, and all positioning holes on the T-shaped cross arm are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the intersection point of the extension line of the second straight line segment and the first straight line segment.

2. The femoral neck cannulated screw guide of claim 1, wherein the distance between the two most distal pilot holes on the T-shaped crossbar is between 4cm and 6 cm.

3. The femoral neck cannulation screw guide of claim 2, wherein when viewed in a T-shape from the side of the first plane, a third plane in which the locating hole at the leftmost end of the T-shaped cross arm is located and a fourth plane in which the locating hole at the furthest end of the T-shaped cross arm is located on the T-shaped trailing arm are both perpendicular to the line of the second linear segment, the distance between the third plane and the fourth plane being 5cm to 6 cm.

4. The femoral neck cannulated screw guide of claim 1, wherein the first plane and the second plane are disposed in parallel.

5. The femoral neck cannulated screw guide of claim 2, wherein a plurality of gripping protrusions are provided on the second planar surface, the gripping protrusions having a pointed configuration at an end distal from the guide body.

6. The femoral neck cannulated screw guide of claim 5, wherein the number of the holding protrusions is 3, one holding protrusion is provided on an extension of each of both ends of the first straight line segment, and one holding protrusion is provided on an extension of one end of the second straight line segment away from the first straight line segment.

7. The femoral neck cannulated screw guide of claim 5, wherein the gripping protrusion is of a conical configuration.

8. The femoral neck cannulated screw guide of any of claims 1-7, further comprising a handle having a first end connected to the guide body and a second end inclined toward the first plane, the second end extending away from the guide body.

9. The femoral neck cannulated screw guide of claim 8, wherein the central axis of the handle is in the same plane as the second linear segment.

10. The femoral neck cannulated screw guide of claim 8, wherein the guide body is generally stainless steel or carbon fiber, the handle is a two-piece structure, a portion of the handle proximal to the guide body is integral with the guide body, and a portion of the handle distal to the guide body is a wood structure.

Images