CN214902009U

CN214902009U - Biochar returning machine

Info

Publication number: CN214902009U
Application number: CN202121580561.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 薛颖昊; 徐志宇; 孙仁华; 宋成军; 胡潇方; 贾涛; 任德志
Original assignee: Agricultural Ecology And Resources Protection General Station Of Ministry Of Agriculture And Rural Areas
Current assignee: Agricultural Ecology And Resources Protection General Station Of Ministry Of Agriculture And Rural Areas
Priority date: 2021-07-13
Filing date: 2021-07-13
Publication date: 2021-11-30
Anticipated expiration: 2031-07-13

Abstract

The utility model discloses a biochar returning machine, which comprises a main frame, a pair of walking wheels and a pair of adjusting frames, wherein a pair of adjusting grooves are arranged on two sides of the main frame, the pair of adjusting frames are assembled in the pair of adjusting grooves, the pair of walking wheels are arranged at the end parts of the pair of adjusting frames, a biochar returning mechanism is arranged on the main frame, and a plurality of spiral stirring devices are arranged on one side of the biochar returning mechanism; the utility model relates to an agricultural machine technical field, this biological charcoal returning machine, through with biological charcoal still as under the soil top layer, the cohesion and the microorganism of soil have been protected in the earthing reduction, effectively use manpower sparingly material resources when protecting the soil, still field process is not only little to the soil disturbance, and can adjust the still field degree of depth of biological charcoal according to the demand, can make biological charcoal still go into the appointed degree of depth in the soil, the interval can increase and decrease the change according to actual land force demand, convenient labour saving and time saving is efficient.

Description

Biochar returning machine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a biochar returning machine.

Background

The yield of crop straws reaches more than 6.4 hundred million t every year in China, the direct returning of the straws to the field easily causes the crop diseases and insect pests, the labor cost is high, the straws are difficult to degrade and the like, and in order to reduce resource waste and environmental pollution, the straws are subjected to controlled high-temperature decomposition at a high temperature of 500-600 ℃ to form biochar which is returned to the field, so that the environment is protected, the soil structure is improved, and the burden of farmers is relieved. The carbon-soil mixing uniformity directly influences the physical and chemical properties of the soil, and the returning method also has direct influence on soil microorganisms and the aggregation.

Due to the differences of the space between the biochar and the soil, the dynamics factors of the farming machinery, the movement and the breakage of the biochar and the soil, the carbon-soil interaction process is negative. After the biochar particles are sowed on the surface of the soil, under the action of an agricultural machine, the biochar and the soil are uniformly mixed, the influence on the soil performance after the biochar is returned to the field is seriously influenced by the mixing uniformity, and the mode of returning the biochar to the field also has direct influence on soil microorganisms and the aggregation force. At present, no machinery specially used for returning the biochar to the field is available at home and abroad, the biochar returning is mainly realized at the present stage by mixing the biochar with a rotary tillage shaft after artificial broadcasting, the method has overlarge disturbance on soil, the biochar and the soil cannot be uniformly mixed, the improvement effect of the biochar on the soil cannot be maximized, and the ditching-carbon sowing-mixing integrated technology is realized by considering the importance of the carbon-soil mixing uniformity after the biochar is returned to the field, so that the soil is effectively protected, manpower and material resources are saved.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the deficiency of the prior art, the utility model provides a biological carbon returning machine, which solves the prior background technical problem.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model discloses a following technical scheme realizes: a biochar returning machine comprises a main frame, a pair of walking wheels and a pair of adjusting frames, wherein a pair of adjusting grooves are formed in two sides of the main frame, the pair of adjusting frames are assembled in the pair of adjusting grooves, the pair of walking wheels are installed at the end parts of the pair of adjusting frames, a biochar returning mechanism is arranged on the main frame, and a plurality of spiral turning stirrers are arranged on one side of the biochar returning mechanism;

the biochar returning mechanism comprises: the device comprises a material box, a plurality of carbon discharging devices, a plurality of guide pipes and a plurality of subsoilers;

the material box is arranged above the main frame, the plurality of carbon discharging devices are arranged on the bottom surface of the material box, a plurality of guide pipes extend out of the bottom surfaces of the plurality of carbon discharging devices, a plurality of subsoiling shovels are arranged on one side of the main frame, the bottom ends of the plurality of guide pipes are connected with the bottom ends of the plurality of subsoiling shovels, adjusting components are arranged between the plurality of guide pipes and the plurality of carbon discharging devices, and the plurality of spiral stirring devices correspond to the plurality of carbon discharging devices in position and quantity;

the spiral agitator includes: the motor, the screw shaft and the coupling;

the motor is installed in the main frame bottom, the motor below is equipped with the screw axis, the screw axis passes through the coupling joint with the drive end of motor.

Preferably, the adjustment assembly comprises: the device comprises a pair of positioning shafts, a pair of fixed seal heads and a plurality of supporting frames;

one of the positioning shafts penetrates through the carbon discharging devices, the other one of the positioning shafts is arranged outside the guide pipes, the fixed seal heads are arranged at two ends of the main frame and are respectively sleeved at two ends of the positioning shafts, and a plurality of support frames are arranged among the guide pipes at intervals and are connected to the positioning shafts penetrating through the carbon discharging devices.

Preferably, a plurality of said auger stirrers are located on the other side of a plurality of said conduits relative to a plurality of said subsoilers.

Preferably, a pair of adjusting holes are respectively formed in the pair of fixed seal heads and sleeved on the pair of positioning shafts.

Preferably, the spiral shaft is a cylindrical body externally sleeved with a threaded plate type structure, and the bottom end of the spiral shaft is of a conical structure.

Preferably, a pair of baffles is arranged on two sides of the subsoiler, and the bottom ends of the guide pipes are located between the pair of baffles.

Advantageous effects

The utility model provides a biochar returning machine. The method has the following beneficial effects: this field machine is returned to biological charcoal through still like under the soil top layer with biological charcoal, the reunion power and the microorganism of soil have been protected in the earthing reduction, effectively use manpower sparingly material resources when protecting the soil, and still the field process is not only little to the soil disturbance, and can adjust the field degree of depth of returning biological charcoal according to the demand, can make biological charcoal still go into the appointed degree of depth in the soil, and the interval can increase and decrease the change according to actual land fertility demand, and convenient save time possesses following effect:

1. utilize subsoiler to ditch soil layer that soil is less than or equal to 30cm, the ditching degree of depth can be adjusted freely, and subsoiler side baffle prevents that the loose soil from getting into the ditching again to the charcoal pipe is buried by soil still in the rear.

2. The returning conduit is directly connected with the material box, the opening plate is arranged on the lower side of the material box, and when the returning conduit is used for returning the carbon into the material conveying pipe, the opening plate is opened. When the work is stopped, the opening and closing operation is closed. The positioning shaft can adjust the position of the catheter.

3. The spiral mixing design directly mixes and stirs the charcoal-soil after returning the biochar to the field, so that the biochar is better mixed with the soil, and the effect of improving the soil by the biochar is optimal.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the biochar returning machine of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the shaft measuring structure of the biochar returning mechanism of the biochar returning machine of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a subsoiler and a duct structure of the biochar returning machine of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a spiral agitator of the biochar returning machine of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a main frame; 2. a traveling wheel; 3. an adjusting bracket; 4. a material box; 5. a traction frame; 6. a subsoiling shovel; 7. a baffle plate; 8. a conduit; 9. a carbon discharger; 10. positioning the shaft; 11. a support frame; 12. fixing the end enclosure; 13. a spiral agitator; 131. a screw shaft; 132. a motor; 133. a coupling is provided.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

All the electrical components in the present application are connected with the power supply adapted to the electrical components through a wire, and an appropriate controller and an appropriate encoder should be selected according to actual conditions to meet control requirements, and specific connection and control sequences should be obtained.

Example (b): as can be seen from the attached figures 1-4 of the specification, the biochar returning machine has the working principle that a subsoiler 6 is positioned at the forefront of the machine tool and is positioned below a soil layer for deeply loosening soil during working; in order to ensure the effect of returning the biological carbon to the field, the subsoiler 6 is provided with a baffle 7 to prevent the biological carbon from being blown away; the positioning shaft 10 and the fixed seal head 12 are matched with each other to position the position of the returning device, and the whole device can be adjusted; from the carbon box, the biochar enters a carbon discharger 9 and then a conduit 8 leading to a returning position (i.e. in the soil which has just been deep-loosened). The main component of the spiral agitator 13 is a spiral shaft 131, the spiral agitator is driven to rotate by a motor 132 and a coupling 133, the spiral shaft 131 has large outer diameter and small thread pitch, and the biochar and soil can be fully mixed in the work process.

The connection relation and the principle of each part are as follows:

the main frame 1 supports and is connected with other mechanisms;

the two sides of the walking wheels 2 are provided with the walking wheels 2 which are matched with the adjusting frame 3 to change the deep scarification depth;

the adjusting frame 3 is connected with the travelling wheels 2 and the frame, positioning holes with different heights are arranged on the side faces of the adjusting frame, and the adjusting frame is matched with the travelling wheels 2 to change the deep scarification depth;

the material box 4 is a large material box 4 and is used for containing biochar;

the traction frame 5 is connected with the tractor and provides power for the returning machine;

the subsoiler 6 is provided with five plane type subsoiler 6 mechanisms and consists of a shovel head and a shovel column. The subsoiling shovel 6 is used for subsoiling without damaging the soil structure, and the quality of returning the biochar to the field is improved;

the baffle 7 is arranged on two sides of the shovel head of the subsoiler 6 to prevent the biochar discharged by the guide pipe 8 from scattering to an over-far position because the biochar particles are small and similar to powder;

and the guide pipe 8 is used for ensuring that the discharge position of the biochar is close to the subsoiling position, is provided with the guide pipe 8 matched with the carbon discharger 9 and guides the biochar to a position close to the rear part of the subsoiling shovel 6 for discharge. The conduit 8 is made of hard plastic pipe, namely the shape and the position of the conduit cannot be changed at will and the conduit can only be integrally adjusted through the positioning shaft 10 and the fixing end enclosure 12.

The charcoal discharging device 9 is matched with the material box 4 and the guide pipe 8 to discharge the biochar, and plays a transition role in the whole returning process. A gear mechanism and a guide groove are arranged in the component, so that the biochar can be quantitatively conveyed to the guide pipe 8;

the diameter of the positioning shaft 10 needs to be checked through strength calculation, and damage caused by overlarge bending moment is prevented. The lower positioning shaft 10 is used to position the catheter 8, and the positioning shaft 10 does not need to be specially sized. The positioning shaft 10 and the fixed seal head 12 are matched to position the whole returning device.

And the fixed seal head 12 is fixedly connected with the frame and used for controlling the positions of the two shafts of the positioning shaft 10. The component is assembled by a left end socket and a right end socket and is convenient to disassemble and assemble. The distance between the two holes of the end enclosure can be controlled to change the relative positions of the two shafts of the positioning shaft 10, and the relative position of the positioning shaft 10 and the rack can be changed by rotating the fixed end enclosure 12;

the helical agitator 13 comprises a helical shaft 131, a coupling 133 and a motor 132. The screw axis 131 has the following specific data: the axial length is 200mm, the thread pitch is 30mm, the outer diameter is 100mm, and the inner diameter is 40 mm. The spiral shaft 131 is designed to be integrally large, the thread pitch is small, the mixing effect is good, and the motor 132 and the coupler 133 drive the biological carbon and soil to be rotationally mixed during working.

In conclusion, according to the biochar returning machine, the soil covering reduction is performed to protect the cohesion and microorganisms of the soil by returning the biochar to the soil surface layer, so that the manpower and material resources are effectively saved while the soil is protected, the returning process is not only small in disturbance to the soil, but also the biochar returning depth can be adjusted according to requirements, the biochar can be returned to the specified depth in the soil, the distance can be increased, decreased and changed according to the actual soil fertility requirements, the convenience and the time saving are realized, and the spiral agitator 13 directly and uniformly mixes the charcoal and the soil after returning the biochar to the soil, so that the effect of improving the soil by the biochar is optimal.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation. The use of the phrase "comprising one of the elements does not exclude the presence of other like elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A biochar returning machine comprises a main frame (1), a pair of walking wheels (2) and a pair of adjusting frames (3), wherein a pair of adjusting grooves are formed in two sides of the main frame (1), the pair of adjusting frames (3) are assembled in the pair of adjusting grooves, and the pair of walking wheels (2) are installed at the end parts of the pair of adjusting frames (3), and is characterized in that a biochar returning mechanism is arranged on the main frame (1), and a plurality of spiral stirrers (13) are arranged on one side of the biochar returning mechanism;

the biochar returning mechanism comprises: the device comprises a material box (4), a plurality of carbon discharging devices (9), a plurality of guide pipes (8) and a plurality of subsoilers (6);

the material box (4) is arranged above the main frame (1), the plurality of carbon discharging devices (9) are arranged on the bottom surface of the material box (4), a plurality of guide pipes (8) extend from the bottom surfaces of the plurality of carbon discharging devices (9), a plurality of subsoiling shovels (6) are arranged on one side of the main frame (1), the bottom ends of the plurality of guide pipes (8) are connected with the bottom ends of the plurality of subsoiling shovels (6), an adjusting component is arranged between the plurality of guide pipes (8) and the plurality of carbon discharging devices (9), and the plurality of spiral stirring devices (13) correspond to the plurality of carbon discharging devices (9) in position and number;

the turnup agitator (13) comprises: a motor (132), a screw shaft (131), and a coupling (133);

the motor (132) is installed at the bottom of the main frame (1), a screw shaft (131) is arranged below the motor (132), and the screw shaft (131) is connected with the driving end of the motor (132) through a coupler (133).

2. The biochar returning machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein said adjustment assembly comprises: a pair of positioning shafts (10), a pair of fixed seal heads (12) and a plurality of support frames (11);

one of the positioning shafts (10) penetrates through the carbon discharging devices (9), the other of the positioning shafts (10) is installed outside the guide pipes (8), the fixing seal heads (12) are installed at two ends of the main frame (1) and are respectively sleeved at two ends of the positioning shafts (10), and a plurality of support frames (11) are arranged between the guide pipes (8) at intervals and connected to the positioning shafts (10) penetrating through the carbon discharging devices (9).

3. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of said turnstiles (13) are located on the other side of said plurality of ducts (8) with respect to said plurality of subsoilers (6).

4. The machine as claimed in claim 2, wherein a pair of adjusting holes are respectively formed on a pair of the fixed sealing heads (12) and are sleeved on a pair of the positioning shafts (10).

5. The biochar returning machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spiral shaft (131) is a cylindrical body externally sleeved with a threaded plate type structure, and the bottom end of the spiral shaft is a conical structure.

6. The machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein a pair of baffles (7) are respectively arranged at two sides of a plurality of subsoiler (6), and the bottom ends of a plurality of guide pipes (8) are respectively positioned between a pair of baffles (7).