CN214897642U

CN214897642U - Small reactor with containment spraying system

Info

Publication number: CN214897642U
Application number: CN202120713224.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 武心壮; 夏栓; 周彬; 黄镜宇; 向文娟; 刘汉臣; 王炜波; 王煦嘉; 施伟; 王勇; 严锦泉
Original assignee: Shanghai Nuclear Engineering Research and Design Institute Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Nuclear Engineering Research and Design Institute Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-08
Filing date: 2021-04-08
Publication date: 2021-11-26
Anticipated expiration: 2031-04-08

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of small reactor cooling, in particular to a small reactor with a containment spraying system, which comprises a shielding workshop, a containment arranged in the shielding workshop and the spraying system, wherein the spraying system comprises a water tank, the water tank in the spraying system adopts a pressure storage water tank positioned outside the shielding workshop, a compressed air inlet is arranged above the side wall of the pressure storage water tank, and a water supplementing inlet is arranged below the side wall of the pressure storage water tank; the lower part of the side wall of the pressure accumulation water tank is also connected with one end of a spray pipeline, the other end of the spray pipeline penetrates through the shielding workshop and the containment in sequence and then is fixed above the containment, and the other end of the spray pipeline is connected with a water inlet of a spray device; and a cooling air inlet is respectively arranged at the position close to the lower part of the side wall of at least one symmetrical side of the shielding workshop, and an air outlet is arranged at the top of the shielding workshop. The beneficial effects of the utility model are that, spray through the interior water of containment and realize the interior thermal discharge of containment behind the accident with the outer air-cooling mode that combines together of containment, have the passive dynamic characteristic, promoted the security and the economic nature of unit.

Description

Small reactor with containment spraying system

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the small-size reactor cooling technique and specifically relates to a small-size reactor with containment spraying system.

Background

The development of small reactors pays more attention to safety, advancement and economy, new processes, new materials and new technologies are continuously introduced, and the engineering feasibility of the small reactors is fully demonstrated, so that the reactors can run more safely, economically and reliably. The small reactor adopts a passive safety design concept, so that the inherent safety of the reactor can be ensured.

The AP1000 third-generation passive pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant adopts a passive containment coolant system as a special safety facility for heat derivation after an accident, the design is that a water tank is arranged at the top of a containment, containment cooling is realized by adopting a passive water injection mode, the pressure difference inside and outside the containment is reduced, and the driving force of fission products leaking to the outside of the containment is reduced, so that the release of the radioactive fission products in the containment to the environment is limited, and the integrity of the containment is ensured.

An active containment spraying system is adopted in the second-generation reactor, the interior of the containment is cooled and depressurized through a spraying pump, overpressure of the containment is prevented, and meanwhile heat is led out through a recirculating pump. For small reactors, the decay heat of the core after an accident is also small due to the low reactor power, and the heat and duration requirements to be removed are much lower than for large reactors.

If an improved containment vessel spraying system can be designed, an active spraying pump and an active heat leading-out design are replaced, a special safety facility can have a passive characteristic, the design, construction and installation difficulty is simplified on the premise of ensuring heat leading-out, and the safety and the economical efficiency can be improved.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to overcome prior art's is not enough, sets up pressure-accumulating water spraying system and air natural circulation cooling runner, sprays the mode that combines together with the outer air-cooling of containment through the water in the containment, realizes the interior thermal discharge of containment behind the accident, has the passive characteristic, has promoted the security and the economic nature of unit.

In order to achieve the purpose, the small reactor with the containment spraying system is designed, and comprises a shielding workshop, a containment arranged in the shielding workshop and the spraying system, wherein the spraying system comprises a water tank; the lower part of the side wall of the pressure accumulation water tank is also connected with one end of a spray pipeline, the other end of the spray pipeline sequentially penetrates through the shielding workshop and the containment and then is fixed above the containment, and the other end of the spray pipeline is connected with a water inlet of a spray device positioned above the containment; and a cooling air inlet is respectively arranged at the position close to the lower part of the side wall of at least one symmetrical side of the shielding workshop, and an air outlet is arranged at the top of the shielding workshop.

Further, a spraying isolation valve and a spraying pressure reducing valve are sequentially arranged on a spraying pipeline positioned outside the shielding workshop along the conveying direction; a spraying shell external check valve is arranged on the spraying pipeline between the shielding workshop and the containment vessel; and a check valve in the spraying shell is arranged on the spraying pipeline in the containment.

Furthermore, the spraying device comprises a spraying ring and a plurality of spray heads uniformly distributed on the spraying ring.

Further, at least 1 spraying ring is arranged along the longitudinal direction.

Further, when more than two spray rings are provided, the diameters of the spray rings are the same or different.

Furthermore, a pressure relief pipeline is arranged at the top of the pressure storage water tank, and a safety valve is arranged on the pressure relief pipeline.

Furthermore, a liquid level meter is also arranged on the pressure storage water tank.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are that, reform transform simply, reform transform low cost, spray through the containment water-logging and realize the discharge of thermal in the containment behind the accident with the outer air-cooling mode that combines together of containment, have the passive dynamic characteristic, promoted the security and the economic nature of unit.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1, the utility model relates to a small reactor with containment spraying system, including shielding factory building 15, containment 13, the spraying system of setting in the shielding factory building, the spraying system includes the water tank, its characterized in that, the water tank in the spraying system adopts the pressure storage water tank 3 that is located outside shielding factory building 15, the top of pressure storage water tank 3 is equipped with release pipeline 4, be equipped with relief valve 5 on the release pipeline 4; a compressed air inlet 1 is arranged above the side wall of the pressure storage water tank 3, a water supplementing inlet 2 is arranged below the side wall of the pressure storage water tank 3, a liquid level meter is further arranged on the pressure storage water tank 3, the liquid level height in the pressure storage water tank 3 can be conveniently observed, a space enough for containing compressed air is reserved above the pressure storage water tank 3, one end of a spraying pipeline 6 is further connected below the side wall of the pressure storage water tank 3, the other end of the spraying pipeline 6 sequentially penetrates through the shielding workshop 15 and the containment 13 and then is fixed above the containment 13, and the other end of the spraying pipeline 6 is connected with a water inlet of a spraying device above the containment 13; and a cooling air inlet 14 is respectively arranged at the position close to the lower part of the side wall of at least one symmetrical side of the shielding workshop 15, and an air outlet 16 is arranged at the top of the shielding workshop 15.

And a spray isolation valve 7 and a spray pressure reducing valve 8 are sequentially arranged on the spray pipeline 6 positioned outside the shielding workshop 15 along the conveying direction; a spraying shell external check valve 9 is arranged on the spraying pipeline 6 between the shielding workshop 15 and the containment vessel 13; a spray in-shell check valve 10 is arranged on the spray pipeline 6 in the containment vessel 13.

The spraying device comprises a spraying ring 11 and a plurality of spray heads 12 which are uniformly distributed on the spraying ring. And at least 1 spray ring 11 is arranged along the longitudinal direction. When more than two spray rings 11 are provided, the diameters between the spray rings 11 may be the same or different.

During the normal operation of the unit, the spraying isolation valve 7 is closed, and the pressure and the liquid level of the pressure storage water tank 3 are maintained through the compressed air introduced from the compressed air inlet 1 and the water supplement input from the water supplement inlet 2. If the pressure in the pressure accumulation water tank 3 is over-pressurized, over-pressure protection is provided through the pressure relief pipeline 4 and the safety valve 5.

In the initial stage of an accident, when the pressure and the temperature of the containment vessel 13 rise, the spraying system is started, the spraying isolation valve 7 is opened, pressurized water in the pressure storage water tank 3 uniformly sprinkles the water into a steam space in the containment vessel 13 through the spraying pipeline 6, the spraying isolation valve 7, the spraying pressure reducing valve 8, the spraying shell external check valve 9, the spraying shell internal check valve 10 and the spraying ring 11 after being atomized by the spray head 12, atomized liquid drops directly contact with steam in the containment vessel 13 for condensation to quickly reduce the temperature and the pressure, stronger cooling capacity is established, the pressure rise in the containment vessel 13 is inhibited, and the cooling and the pressure reduction of the containment vessel 13 are realized.

As the heat removal requirement in containment vessel 13 decreases, the pressurized water in pressurized water tank 3 is gradually depleted, and spray shell external check valve 9 and spray shell internal check valve 10 prevent radioactive material in containment vessel 13 from leaking out of the shell. After the air cooling stage is started, cooling air enters a flow channel formed by a space between the shielding workshop 15 and the containment 13 through the cooling air inlet 14, continuously flows upwards, cools the outer surface of the containment 13, and is exhausted into the atmosphere through the air outlet 16 at the top of the shielding workshop 15, so that the heat in the containment 13 is exhausted into the atmosphere.

In order to provide a containment spraying system of a small reactor, the process is provided with a pressure-accumulating water spraying system and an air natural circulation cooling flow channel. The pressure storage water tank 3 stores cooling water required by a spraying system, high-pressure compressed air provides power, the spraying ring 11 and the spray head 12 in the containment vessel 13 are supplied with water through the spraying pipeline 6, the water is uniformly sprayed to a steam space in the containment vessel 13, and cooling and pressure reduction of the containment vessel 13 are realized. When the pressure or temperature in the containment vessel 13 rises quickly in the early stage of an accident, the spraying system is started, atomized liquid drops of the spray head are directly contacted with steam in the containment vessel for condensation, the temperature is rapidly reduced, the pressure is rapidly reduced, the stronger cooling capacity is established, and the pressure rise in the containment vessel is inhibited. And shifting to an air convection cooling stage along with the reduction of the heat exhaust requirement in the containment, gradually exhausting heat through air cooling of the outer surface of the containment, and reducing the pressure of the containment. According to the design, the heat in the containment is discharged after an accident in a mode of combining water spraying in the containment and air cooling outside the containment, the passive characteristic is achieved, and the safety and the economical efficiency of a unit are improved.

Claims

1. A small reactor with a containment spraying system comprises a shielding workshop (15), a containment (13) arranged in the shielding workshop and the spraying system, wherein the spraying system comprises a water tank, and is characterized in that the water tank in the spraying system adopts a pressure storage water tank (3) positioned outside the shielding workshop (15), a compressed air inlet (1) is arranged above the side wall of the pressure storage water tank (3), and a water supplementing inlet (2) is arranged below the side wall of the pressure storage water tank (3); the lower part of the side wall of the pressure accumulation water tank (3) is also connected with one end of a spray pipeline (6), the other end of the spray pipeline (6) sequentially penetrates through the shielding workshop (15) and the containment (13) and then is fixed above the interior of the containment (13), and the other end of the spray pipeline (6) is connected with a water inlet of a spray device positioned above the interior of the containment (13); and a cooling air inlet (14) is respectively arranged at the position below the side wall of at least one symmetrical side of the shielding workshop (15), and an air outlet (16) is arranged at the top of the shielding workshop (15).

2. The small reactor with the containment vessel spraying system as recited in claim 1, wherein a spraying isolation valve (7) and a spraying pressure reducing valve (8) are sequentially arranged on a spraying pipeline (6) outside the shielding factory building (15) along a conveying direction; a spraying shell external check valve (9) is arranged on the spraying pipeline (6) positioned between the shielding workshop (15) and the containment (13); a check valve (10) in the spraying shell is arranged on the spraying pipeline (6) in the containment (13).

3. The small reactor with a containment vessel spray system as set forth in claim 1, wherein the spray means comprises a spray ring (11), a plurality of spray heads (12) being evenly distributed on the spray ring.

4. A mini reactor with containment spray system as in claim 3 wherein there are at least 1 spray ring (11) in the longitudinal direction.

5. A mini reactor with containment spray system as in claim 4 where there are more than two spray rings (11) where the diameter of the spray rings (11) are the same or different.

6. The small-scale reactor with a containment vessel spraying system is characterized in that a pressure relief pipeline (4) is arranged at the top of the pressure accumulation water tank (3), and a safety valve (5) is arranged on the pressure relief pipeline (4).

7. The small reactor with the containment vessel spraying system as recited in claim 1, characterized in that a liquid level meter is further arranged on the pressure accumulating water tank (3).