CN113113163A - Small reactor with containment spraying system - Google Patents
Small reactor with containment spraying system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113113163A CN113113163A CN202110377503.0A CN202110377503A CN113113163A CN 113113163 A CN113113163 A CN 113113163A CN 202110377503 A CN202110377503 A CN 202110377503A CN 113113163 A CN113113163 A CN 113113163A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- containment
- spraying
- spray
- water tank
- pipeline
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012857 radioactive material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/18—Emergency cooling arrangements; Removing shut-down heat
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/24—Promoting flow of the coolant
- G21C15/243—Promoting flow of the coolant for liquids
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/24—Promoting flow of the coolant
- G21C15/253—Promoting flow of the coolant for gases, e.g. blowers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of cooling of small reactors, in particular to a small reactor with a containment spraying system, which comprises a shielding workshop, a containment arranged in the shielding workshop and the spraying system, wherein the spraying system comprises a water tank; the lower part of the side wall of the pressure accumulation water tank is also connected with one end of a spray pipeline, the other end of the spray pipeline penetrates through the shielding workshop and the containment in sequence and then is fixed above the containment, and the other end of the spray pipeline is connected with a water inlet of a spray device; and a cooling air inlet is respectively arranged at the position close to the lower part of the side wall of at least one symmetrical side of the shielding workshop, and an air outlet is arranged at the top of the shielding workshop. The invention has the advantages that the heat in the containment after an accident is discharged in a mode of combining the water spraying in the containment and the air cooling outside the containment, the passive characteristic is realized, and the safety and the economical efficiency of a unit are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of small reactor cooling, in particular to a small reactor with a containment spraying system.
Background
The development of small reactors pays more attention to safety, advancement and economy, new processes, new materials and new technologies are continuously introduced, and the engineering feasibility of the small reactors is fully demonstrated, so that the reactors can run more safely, economically and reliably. The small reactor adopts a passive safety design concept, so that the inherent safety of the reactor can be ensured.
The AP1000 third-generation passive pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant adopts a passive containment coolant system as a special safety facility for heat derivation after an accident, the design is that a water tank is arranged at the top of a containment, containment cooling is realized by adopting a passive water injection mode, the pressure difference inside and outside the containment is reduced, and the driving force of fission products leaking to the outside of the containment is reduced, so that the release of the radioactive fission products in the containment to the environment is limited, and the integrity of the containment is ensured.
An active containment spraying system is adopted in the second-generation reactor, the interior of the containment is cooled and depressurized through a spraying pump, overpressure of the containment is prevented, and meanwhile heat is led out through a recirculating pump. For small reactors, the decay heat of the core after an accident is also small due to the low reactor power, and the heat and duration requirements to be removed are much lower than for large reactors.
If an improved containment vessel spraying system can be designed, an active spraying pump and an active heat leading-out design are replaced, a special safety facility can have a passive characteristic, the design, construction and installation difficulty is simplified on the premise of ensuring heat leading-out, and the safety and the economical efficiency can be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, the pressure-accumulating water spraying system and the air natural circulation cooling flow channel are arranged, the heat in the containment after an accident is discharged in a mode of combining water spraying in the containment and air cooling outside the containment, the passive characteristic is realized, and the safety and the economical efficiency of a unit are improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the small reactor with the containment spraying system is designed, and comprises a shielding workshop, a containment arranged in the shielding workshop and the spraying system, wherein the spraying system comprises a water tank; the lower part of the side wall of the pressure accumulation water tank is also connected with one end of a spray pipeline, the other end of the spray pipeline sequentially penetrates through the shielding workshop and the containment and then is fixed above the containment, and the other end of the spray pipeline is connected with a water inlet of a spray device positioned above the containment; and a cooling air inlet is respectively arranged at the position close to the lower part of the side wall of at least one symmetrical side of the shielding workshop, and an air outlet is arranged at the top of the shielding workshop.
Further, a spraying isolation valve and a spraying pressure reducing valve are sequentially arranged on a spraying pipeline positioned outside the shielding workshop along the conveying direction; a spraying shell external check valve is arranged on the spraying pipeline between the shielding workshop and the containment vessel; and a check valve in the spraying shell is arranged on the spraying pipeline in the containment.
Furthermore, the spraying device comprises a spraying ring and a plurality of spray heads uniformly distributed on the spraying ring.
Further, at least 1 spraying ring is arranged along the longitudinal direction.
Further, when more than two spray rings are provided, the diameters of the spray rings are the same or different.
Furthermore, a pressure relief pipeline is arranged at the top of the pressure storage water tank, and a safety valve is arranged on the pressure relief pipeline.
Furthermore, a liquid level meter is also arranged on the pressure storage water tank.
The invention has the advantages of simple modification and low modification cost, realizes the discharge of heat in the containment after an accident by combining the water spraying in the containment and the air cooling outside the containment, has the passive characteristic and improves the safety and the economical efficiency of a unit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the small reactor with the containment vessel spraying system comprises a shielding factory building 15, a containment vessel 13 arranged in the shielding factory building and the spraying system, wherein the spraying system comprises a water tank, and is characterized in that the water tank in the spraying system adopts a pressure storage water tank 3 positioned outside the shielding factory building 15, the top of the pressure storage water tank 3 is provided with a pressure relief pipeline 4, and the pressure relief pipeline 4 is provided with a safety valve 5; a compressed air inlet 1 is arranged above the side wall of the pressure storage water tank 3, a water supplementing inlet 2 is arranged below the side wall of the pressure storage water tank 3, a liquid level meter is further arranged on the pressure storage water tank 3, the liquid level height in the pressure storage water tank 3 can be conveniently observed, a space enough for containing compressed air is reserved above the pressure storage water tank 3, one end of a spraying pipeline 6 is further connected below the side wall of the pressure storage water tank 3, the other end of the spraying pipeline 6 sequentially penetrates through the shielding workshop 15 and the containment 13 and then is fixed above the containment 13, and the other end of the spraying pipeline 6 is connected with a water inlet of a spraying device above the containment 13; and a cooling air inlet 14 is respectively arranged at the position close to the lower part of the side wall of at least one symmetrical side of the shielding workshop 15, and an air outlet 16 is arranged at the top of the shielding workshop 15.
And a spray isolation valve 7 and a spray pressure reducing valve 8 are sequentially arranged on the spray pipeline 6 positioned outside the shielding workshop 15 along the conveying direction; a spraying shell external check valve 9 is arranged on the spraying pipeline 6 between the shielding workshop 15 and the containment vessel 13; a spray in-shell check valve 10 is arranged on the spray pipeline 6 in the containment vessel 13.
The spraying device comprises a spraying ring 11 and a plurality of spray heads 12 which are uniformly distributed on the spraying ring. And at least 1 spray ring 11 is arranged along the longitudinal direction. When more than two spray rings 11 are provided, the diameters between the spray rings 11 may be the same or different.
During the normal operation of the unit, the spraying isolation valve 7 is closed, and the pressure and the liquid level of the pressure storage water tank 3 are maintained through the compressed air introduced from the compressed air inlet 1 and the water supplement input from the water supplement inlet 2. If the pressure in the pressure accumulation water tank 3 is over-pressurized, over-pressure protection is provided through the pressure relief pipeline 4 and the safety valve 5.
In the initial stage of an accident, when the pressure and the temperature of the containment vessel 13 rise, the spraying system is started, the spraying isolation valve 7 is opened, pressurized water in the pressure storage water tank 3 uniformly sprinkles the water into a steam space in the containment vessel 13 through the spraying pipeline 6, the spraying isolation valve 7, the spraying pressure reducing valve 8, the spraying shell external check valve 9, the spraying shell internal check valve 10 and the spraying ring 11 after being atomized by the spray head 12, atomized liquid drops directly contact with steam in the containment vessel 13 for condensation to quickly reduce the temperature and the pressure, stronger cooling capacity is established, the pressure rise in the containment vessel 13 is inhibited, and the cooling and the pressure reduction of the containment vessel 13 are realized.
As the heat removal requirement in containment vessel 13 decreases, the pressurized water in pressurized water tank 3 is gradually depleted, and spray shell external check valve 9 and spray shell internal check valve 10 prevent radioactive material in containment vessel 13 from leaking out of the shell. After the air cooling stage is started, cooling air enters a flow channel formed by a space between the shielding workshop 15 and the containment 13 through the cooling air inlet 14, continuously flows upwards, cools the outer surface of the containment 13, and is exhausted into the atmosphere through the air outlet 16 at the top of the shielding workshop 15, so that the heat in the containment 13 is exhausted into the atmosphere.
In order to provide a containment spraying system of a small reactor, the process is provided with a pressure-accumulating water spraying system and an air natural circulation cooling flow channel. The pressure storage water tank 3 stores cooling water required by a spraying system, high-pressure compressed air provides power, the spraying ring 11 and the spray head 12 in the containment vessel 13 are supplied with water through the spraying pipeline 6, the water is uniformly sprayed to a steam space in the containment vessel 13, and cooling and pressure reduction of the containment vessel 13 are realized. When the pressure or temperature in the containment vessel 13 rises quickly in the early stage of an accident, the spraying system is started, atomized liquid drops of the spray head are directly contacted with steam in the containment vessel for condensation, the temperature is rapidly reduced, the pressure is rapidly reduced, the stronger cooling capacity is established, and the pressure rise in the containment vessel is inhibited. And shifting to an air convection cooling stage along with the reduction of the heat exhaust requirement in the containment, gradually exhausting heat through air cooling of the outer surface of the containment, and reducing the pressure of the containment. According to the design, the heat in the containment is discharged after an accident in a mode of combining water spraying in the containment and air cooling outside the containment, the passive characteristic is achieved, and the safety and the economical efficiency of a unit are improved.
Claims (7)
1. A small reactor with a containment spraying system comprises a shielding workshop (15), a containment (13) arranged in the shielding workshop and the spraying system, wherein the spraying system comprises a water tank, and is characterized in that the water tank in the spraying system adopts a pressure storage water tank (3) positioned outside the shielding workshop (15), a compressed air inlet (1) is arranged above the side wall of the pressure storage water tank (3), and a water supplementing inlet (2) is arranged below the side wall of the pressure storage water tank (3); the lower part of the side wall of the pressure accumulation water tank (3) is also connected with one end of a spray pipeline (6), the other end of the spray pipeline (6) sequentially penetrates through the shielding workshop (15) and the containment (13) and then is fixed above the interior of the containment (13), and the other end of the spray pipeline (6) is connected with a water inlet of a spray device positioned above the interior of the containment (13); and a cooling air inlet (14) is respectively arranged at the position below the side wall of at least one symmetrical side of the shielding workshop (15), and an air outlet (16) is arranged at the top of the shielding workshop (15).
2. The small reactor with the containment vessel spraying system as recited in claim 1, wherein a spraying isolation valve (7) and a spraying pressure reducing valve (8) are sequentially arranged on a spraying pipeline (6) outside the shielding factory building (15) along a conveying direction; a spraying shell external check valve (9) is arranged on the spraying pipeline (6) positioned between the shielding workshop (15) and the containment (13); a check valve (10) in the spraying shell is arranged on the spraying pipeline (6) in the containment (13).
3. The small reactor with a containment vessel spray system as set forth in claim 1, wherein the spray means comprises a spray ring (11), a plurality of spray heads (12) being evenly distributed on the spray ring.
4. A mini reactor with containment spray system as in claim 3 wherein there are at least 1 spray ring (11) in the longitudinal direction.
5. A mini reactor with containment spray system as in claim 4 where there are more than two spray rings (11) where the diameter of the spray rings (11) are the same or different.
6. The small-scale reactor with a containment vessel spraying system is characterized in that a pressure relief pipeline (4) is arranged at the top of the pressure accumulation water tank (3), and a safety valve (5) is arranged on the pressure relief pipeline (4).
7. The small reactor with the containment vessel spraying system as recited in claim 1, characterized in that a liquid level meter is further arranged on the pressure accumulating water tank (3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110377503.0A CN113113163A (en) | 2021-04-08 | 2021-04-08 | Small reactor with containment spraying system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110377503.0A CN113113163A (en) | 2021-04-08 | 2021-04-08 | Small reactor with containment spraying system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113113163A true CN113113163A (en) | 2021-07-13 |
Family
ID=76714709
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110377503.0A Withdrawn CN113113163A (en) | 2021-04-08 | 2021-04-08 | Small reactor with containment spraying system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113113163A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113856936A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-12-31 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Passive automatic spray control device for containment |
| CN113856937A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-12-31 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Pressure control device and passive automatic spraying control device for containment |
| CN114582529A (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-06-03 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Miniature full natural circulation pressurized water reactor system based on large coil pipe steam generator |
| CN115240880A (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-10-25 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Passive residual heat removal system and method capable of achieving continuous heat removal |
-
2021
- 2021-04-08 CN CN202110377503.0A patent/CN113113163A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113856936A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-12-31 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Passive automatic spray control device for containment |
| CN113856937A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-12-31 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Pressure control device and passive automatic spraying control device for containment |
| CN114582529A (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-06-03 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Miniature full natural circulation pressurized water reactor system based on large coil pipe steam generator |
| CN115240880A (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-10-25 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Passive residual heat removal system and method capable of achieving continuous heat removal |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| CB02 | Change of applicant information | ||
| CB02 | Change of applicant information |
Address after: No. 29 Hong Cao Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai Applicant after: Shanghai Nuclear Engineering Research and Design Institute Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 29 Hong Cao Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai Applicant before: SHANGHAI NUCLEAR ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. |
|
| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20210713 |