CN214845863U - Composite spiral phase plate for generating composite vortex rotation - Google Patents
Composite spiral phase plate for generating composite vortex rotation Download PDFInfo
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- CN214845863U CN214845863U CN202121266737.XU CN202121266737U CN214845863U CN 214845863 U CN214845863 U CN 214845863U CN 202121266737 U CN202121266737 U CN 202121266737U CN 214845863 U CN214845863 U CN 214845863U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a composite spiral phase plate for generating composite vortex rotation, which relates to the technical field of preparing vortex light, and comprises a bottom plate, wherein the bottom plate is opaque, a transparent ring area and a transparent circular area are arranged on the bottom plate, the circular area is gradually thickened from the thinnest radius position along the circumferential direction to form a circular spiral phase plate area, and the circular area is gradually thickened from the thinnest radius position along the circumferential direction to form a circular spiral phase plate area; the composite spiral phase plate for generating the composite vortex rotation has the advantages of simple structure, few required optical elements, low cost, high precision and good coaxiality of the generated coaxial composite vortex light, has no requirement on the light intensity of incident light, and can convert the incident light with any light intensity into the coaxial composite vortex rotation.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a preparation vortex light technical field, more specifically relates to a generate composite spiral phase plate of compound vortex rotation.
Background
Vortex beams are a type of beam having a circular light intensity distribution, a helical wavefront structure, and additionally have orbital angular momentum in addition to spin angular momentum. During transmission, the beam center has a phase singularity where the light intensity is zero. At present, vortex light is mainly applied to the fields of small particle manipulation and capture, quantum communication technology, optical imaging and biophysics. Vortex optical rotation can be obtained by laser through a spiral phase plate, and vortex generated by the spiral phase plate has high light efficiency, wide applicable frequency band and good effect.
Compared with the traditional single vortex optical rotation, the compound vortex optical rotation improves the space utilization rate. Traditional single ring vortex optical rotation can only carry one piece of orbital angular momentum information, and multiple ring composite vortex optical rotation can utilize the same channel to transmit multiple times of orbital angular momentum information, and this will further promote optical communication's communication density and transmission speed to compare traditional single vortex optical rotation, composite vortex optical rotation can produce the vortex optical rotation of different directions on an optical axis, therefore composite vortex optical rotation also has wide application prospect in the aspect of controlling the particle.
The current common method for generating coaxial compound vortex rotation is to generate vortex rotation on two optical paths respectively and combine the vortex rotation on the coaxial optical paths by using a beam combiner. The alignment error is easily generated due to poor precision of vortex light generated by the method, off-axis is generated after the vortex light propagates for a certain distance, and more optical elements are needed.
In addition, the interference holographic method is adopted to generate coaxial composite vortex rotation, the interference pattern of the composite vortex rotation is calculated, and the spatial light modulator or film is used to generate holographic grating to generate the composite vortex rotation. The method needs to use a spatial light modulator or manufacture a microfilm, has high cost, and simultaneously, the spatial light modulator has requirements on the light intensity of incident light and cannot modulate the incident light with any light intensity like a spiral phase plate.
Publication No. CN202041740U, publication date: 2011-11-16, a parameter-adjustable spiral phase plate with opaque electrodes is proposed, which can adjust the parameters of the spiral phase plate by controlling the refractive index difference between the refractive index matching fluid and the solid spiral phase plate, so as to change the parameters of the vortex rotation, but the spiral phase plate can only generate single vortex rotation and cannot generate compound vortex rotation.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses an overcome above-mentioned technical problem, provide a light intensity does not have the requirement to the incident light, can generate the compound spiral phase plate of coaxial compound vortex rotation that high accuracy, axiality are good.
The technical scheme of the utility model as follows:
the utility model provides a generate compound spiral phase plate of compound vortex rotation, includes the bottom plate, be equipped with circular region and ring region on the bottom plate, the ring region sets up in the circumference outside circular region, and circular region is the same with the centre of a circle in ring region, and the thickness in circular region is the heliciform along the axis direction and thickens gradually and constitutes the circular spiral phase plate region of compound spiral phase plate, and the region of bottom plate outside circular region and ring region scribbles opaque coating.
Among this technical scheme, it is regional with the ring to set up transparent circular region on the bottom plate to circular region and the regional structure of ring become thick along the circumferencial direction gradually, make it form concentric circular spiral phase board region and ring spiral phase board region, after laser process concentric circular spiral phase board region and ring spiral phase board region, can form coaxial compound vortex rotation, the utility model discloses compound spiral phase board simple structure, required optical element is few, and is with low costs, and the coaxial compound vortex light precision that generates is high, the axiality is good, and does not have the requirement to the light intensity of incident light, can convert the incident light of arbitrary light intensity into coaxial compound vortex rotation.
Further, the circular region and the annular region are each gradually thicker in the clockwise direction.
Further, the circular region and the annular region are each gradually thicker in the counterclockwise direction.
Further, the circular region becomes thicker gradually in the counterclockwise direction, and the circular ring region becomes thicker gradually in the clockwise direction.
Further, the circular region becomes thicker gradually in the clockwise direction, and the circular ring region becomes thicker gradually in the counterclockwise direction.
The above four technical schemes can select the annular area and the thickening direction of the annular area according to the actual required vortex light direction.
Further, the thickness of the circular area and the circular ring area, which is different from the thinnest radius position at any radian, is as follows:
h＝lλθ/2π(n-1)
wherein l is topological charge number and is any positive integer, λ is incident light wavelength, θ is phase angle rotated from thinnest radius position, n is refractive index of material used for manufacturing circular ring region or circular region, and optical path difference generated at thickest and thinnest position is l × 2 π.
Further, the diameter of the circular area is 200 nanometers to 200 micrometers.
Further, the radius of the circular area is 1 micron, the radius of the inner circle of the circular area is 1.5 microns, and the radius of the outer circle is 2.5 microns.
Further, the circular area has a thickness of 4.75 microns at the thickest and thinnest points.
Further, the thickness of the thickest part of the circular ring area is different from the thinnest part of the circular ring area, and the thickness of the circular ring area is 7.9 micrometers.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that: set up transparent circular region and ring region on the bottom plate to circular region and ring region's structure thickens gradually along the circumferencial direction, makes it form concentric circular spiral phase board region and ring spiral phase board region, after laser process concentric circular spiral phase board region and ring spiral phase board region, can form coaxial compound vortex rotation, the utility model discloses compound spiral phase board simple structure, required optical element is few, and is with low costs, and the coaxial compound vortex light precision that generates is high, the axiality is good, and does not have the requirement to the light intensity of incident light, can convert the incident light of arbitrary light intensity into coaxial compound vortex rotation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a composite spiral phase plate structure for generating composite vortex rotation;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the thickness variation of the composite helical phase plate according to example 3;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the intensity simulation of the compound vortex rotation generated in example 3;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the simulation of the optical phase of the composite vortex generated in example 3;
wherein: 1. a circular region; 11. the thinnest radius position of the circular area; 2. a circular ring area; 21. the thinnest radius position of the circular ring area; 3. a base plate.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent;
for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product;
it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The technical solution of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
The composite spiral phase plate structure for generating the composite vortex rotation of the embodiment is shown in fig. 1 and comprises a bottom plate 3, wherein a circular ring region 2 and a circular ring region 1 are arranged on the bottom plate 3, the diameter of the circular ring region 1 is smaller than the inner diameter of the circular ring region 2, the circle centers of the circular ring region 1 and the circular ring region 2 are the same, the circular ring region 1 and the circular ring region 2 both have the thinnest radius position, the thinnest radius position 11 of the circular region 1 gradually thickens along the circumferential direction to form the circular spiral phase plate region, the thinnest radius position 21 of the circular ring region 2 gradually thickens along the circumferential direction to form the circular spiral phase plate region, and an opaque coating is coated on the bottom plate 3 outside the circular region 1 and the circular ring region 2.
Because the same material has different light transmission conditions for different wavelengths, the transparent or non-transparent material in the technical scheme is relative to the light wavelength incident to the composite spiral phase plate, the composite spiral phase plate is made of the corresponding material according to the incident light wavelength used in practical application, and the opaque coating is coated outside the circular area 1 and the circular area 2 of the bottom plate, so that only the circular spiral phase plate area and the circular spiral phase plate area on the bottom plate are transparent.
In this embodiment, set up transparent circular region 1 and ring region 2 on the bottom plate to circular region 1 and ring region 2's structure thickens gradually along the circumferencial direction, makes it form concentric circular spiral phase plate region and ring spiral phase plate region, after laser process concentric circular spiral phase plate region and ring spiral phase plate region, can form coaxial compound vortex rotation, the utility model discloses compound spiral phase plate simple structure, required optical element is few, and is with low costs, and the coaxial compound vortex light precision that generates is high, the axiality is good, and does not have the requirement to the light intensity of incident light, can convert the incident light of arbitrary light intensity into coaxial compound vortex rotation.
Example 2
The composite spiral phase plate structure for generating the composite vortex rotation of the embodiment is shown in fig. 1 and comprises a bottom plate 3, wherein a circular ring region 2 and a circular ring region 1 are arranged on the bottom plate 3, the diameter of the circular ring region 1 is smaller than the inner diameter of the circular ring region 2, the circle centers of the circular ring region 1 and the circular ring region 2 are the same, the circular ring region 1 and the circular ring region 2 both have the thinnest radius position, the thinnest radius position 11 of the circular region 1 gradually thickens along the circumferential direction to form the circular spiral phase plate region, the thinnest radius position 21 of the circular ring region 2 gradually thickens along the circumferential direction to form the circular spiral phase plate region, and an opaque coating is coated on the bottom plate 3 outside the circular region 1 and the circular ring region 2.
In this embodiment, the bottom plate 3 is made of optical glass or optical plastic, an opaque coating is coated outside the circular region 1 and the circular ring region 2 on the bottom plate 3, then a maskless lithography machine is used to attach transparent photoresist to the circular region 1 and the circular ring region 2, and transparent photoresist with corresponding thickness is attached to different positions according to pre-calculated thickness data, so as to obtain a circular spiral phase plate region and a circular spiral phase plate region.
In this embodiment the refractive index of bottom plate 3 and transparent photoresist is 1.4, 1 radius in circular region is 1 micron, and circle radius is 1.5 microns in 2 circle regions, and excircle radius is 2.5 microns, the thickness that circular region 1 thickest department and thinnest radius position 11 phase difference is 4.75 microns. The thickest of the annular region 2 differs from the thinnest radius location 21 by a thickness of 7.9 microns.
The thickness gradual change structure of circular region 1 and ring region 2 is obtained in this embodiment using maskless lithography machine cooperation transparent photoresist processing, can carry out solitary processing customization to compound spiral phase plate according to the required vortex optical parameter of practical application, and convenient experiment verifies, and the lithography machine machining precision is high, is applicable to the compound spiral phase plate of processing preparation small-size high accuracy.
Example 3
The embodiment discloses a generate compound spiral phase plate of compound vortex rotation, including bottom plate 3, be equipped with a transparent ring region 2 and a transparent circular region 1 on bottom plate 3, scribble opaque coating on bottom plate 3 outside circular region 1 and the ring region 2, circular region 1's diameter is less than circular region 2's internal diameter, circular region 1 is the same with the centre of a circle of ring region 2, circular region 1 and circular region 2 all have a thinnest radius position, and circular region 1 thickens gradually along the clockwise from thinnest radius position 11 and constitutes circular spiral phase plate region, and circular region 2 thickens gradually along the counter-clockwise from thinnest radius position 21 and constitutes circular spiral phase plate region. The diameter of the circular area 1 is 200 nanometers to 200 micrometers.
The composite spiral phase plate for generating the composite vortex rotation is made of optical glass or optical plastic and is obtained by integral forming processing, and the composite spiral phase plate is suitable for batch production of composite spiral phase plates with specific parameters. In other embodiments, the composite helical phase plate may also be fabricated by a 3D printer.
The thickness of the difference between any radian of the circular region 1 and the circular ring region 2 and the position of the thinnest radius is as follows:
h＝lλθ/2π(n-1)
wherein l is topological charge number and is any positive integer, λ is incident light wavelength, θ is phase angle rotated from thinnest radius position, n is refractive index of material used for manufacturing the circular ring region 2 or the circular region 1, and optical path difference generated at thickest and thinnest positions is l x 2 π. In this embodiment, the refractive index of the composite spiral phase plate is 1.4, the radius of the circular region 1 is 1 micron, the radius of the inner circle of the circular region 2 is 1.5 microns, the radius of the outer circle of the circular region 2 is 2.5 microns, and the thickness of the phase difference between the thickest part and the thinnest radius position 11 of the circular region 1 is 4.75 microns. The thickness difference between the thickest part and the thinnest radius position 21 of the circular ring region 2 is 7.9 micrometers, in this embodiment, the thinnest radius position 11 of the circular region 1 and the thinnest radius position 21 of the circular ring region 2 are located on the same straight line, and in other embodiments, the thinnest radius position 11 of the circular region 1 and the thinnest radius position 21 of the circular ring region 2 may be staggered by any angle.
In this embodiment, the topological charge number of the circular area 1 of the composite spiral phase plate is-3, that is, the circular area 1 gradually becomes thicker in the clockwise direction as shown in fig. 2, and the topological charge number of the circular area 2 is 5, that is, the circular area 2 gradually becomes thicker in the counterclockwise direction as shown in fig. 2. In other embodiments, the circular spiral phase plate region and the thickening direction of the circular spiral phase plate region can be set according to the actual required vortex light vortex direction.
Fig. 3 is a simulation diagram of the intensity of the compound vortex rotation generated in the present embodiment, which is a simulation diagram of the intensity of the compound vortex rotation generated at a distance of 2.24 meters from the compound spiral phase plate. It can be seen from the figure that the corresponding relationship between the light intensity and the gray scale is that the lower the gray scale value is, the higher the light intensity is, the clear compound vortex rotation is generated by the device, wherein the radius of the inner vortex is 0.7 micron, the radius of the outer vortex is 2 micron, and the vortex rotation radius is marked by the strongest light intensity on the ring.
Fig. 4 is a simulation diagram of the phase of the compound vortex light generated by the present embodiment, and it can be seen from fig. 4 that in the inner ring, the phase of the light wave changes by three 2 pi and the rotation direction is clockwise, that is, the topological charge number of the circular spiral phase plate area is-3, and the vortex rotation with the topological charge number of-3 is generated. In the outer ring, the phase of the light wave is changed by 5 2 pi, the rotation direction is anticlockwise, namely the topological charge number of the circular ring spiral phase plate area is 5, and the vortex rotation with the topological charge number of 5 is generated.
When vortex rotation is applied as optical tweezers, micron-sized particles can be limited in a light intensity singular point at the positive center of vortex light. Simultaneously still can regard as the light spanner to use: because the vortex light has the orbital angular momentum, when the particles are irradiated by the vortex light, the particles start to rotate under the influence of the orbital angular momentum, and the rotation direction of the particles is the same as that of the vortex light. Therefore, the compound vortex rotation can translate, fix and rotate the particles. And the rotating speed and rotating direction of the particles can be controlled by changing the topological charge number of the inner ring and the outer ring. The method has wide application prospect in the aspect of carrying out complex particle manipulation.
Example 4
The embodiment discloses a generate compound spiral phase plate of compound vortex rotation, as shown in fig. 1, including bottom plate 3, be equipped with a transparent ring region 2 and a transparent circular region 1 on bottom plate 3, bottom plate 3 outside circular region 1 and the ring region 2 coats and is equipped with opaque coating, the diameter of circular region 1 is less than the internal diameter of circular region 2, the centre of a circle of circular region 1 and ring region 2 is the same, circular region 1 and circular region 2 all have a thinnest radius position, and circular region 1 becomes thick gradually along the circumferencial direction from thinnest radius position 11 and constitutes circular spiral phase plate region, and circular region 2 becomes thick gradually from thinnest radius position 21 along the circumferencial direction and constitutes circular spiral phase plate region. The diameter of the circular area 1 is 200 nanometers to 2 millimeters.
In this embodiment, the composite spiral phase plate for generating the composite vortex rotation is made of optical glass or optical plastic. The composite spiral phase plate is obtained by integral forming and processing, and is suitable for batch production of composite spiral phase plates with specific parameters.
When the diameter of the composite spiral phase plate is larger than that of a laser beam generated by the laser, the laser generated by the laser can be guided into the beam expander, coherent plane light can be generated at the rear part of the beam expander, and the expanded light is guided into the composite spiral phase plate to generate composite vortex optical rotation.
One side of the bottom plane of the composite spiral phase plate is an incident surface, and one side of the bulge is an emergent surface, if the diameter of the composite vortex light generated by the composite spiral phase plate is large, and the diameter of the composite vortex light needs to be reduced, a convex lens can be arranged on one side of the emergent surface of the composite spiral phase plate to achieve the purpose of reducing the diameter of the composite vortex light.
Since the broadening effect of the vortex light during propagation increases with the increase of the topological charge number, the topological charge number of the circular spiral phase plate area is preferably set to be larger than that of the circular spiral phase plate area so as to avoid interference or overlapping of the inner ring light and the outer ring light. In order to make the topological charge number of the circular spiral phase plate area larger and avoid the height of the circular spiral phase plate area from being too high, a material with high refractive index can be used in the circular area 2 to reduce the structural height of the outer ring, and the mode can effectively avoid the generation of shielding internal vortex optical rotation caused by the too high height of the outer ring.
The embodiment is suitable for a composite spiral phase plate with a larger size, the processing difficulty of the composite spiral phase plate with the larger size is lower than that of the composite spiral phase plate with the smaller size, meanwhile, the beam expander is utilized to enable the laser diameter to be matched with the composite spiral phase plate with the larger size, the convex lens is utilized to reduce the vortex light diameter output by the composite spiral phase plate, the composite spiral phase plate with the larger size can generate vortex rotation with the smaller size, and the processing and manufacturing of the composite spiral phase plate are facilitated.
The same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components.
The terms describing positional relationships in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent;
it is obvious that the above embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not limitations to the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a generate compound spiral phase plate of compound vortex rotation, its characterized in that includes bottom plate (3), be equipped with circular region (1) and ring region (2) on bottom plate (3), ring region (2) set up in the circumference outside of circular region (1), and the centre of a circle of circular region (1) and ring region (2) is the same, and the thickness of circular region (1) is the heliciform along the axis direction and becomes thickly gradually and constitute the circular spiral phase plate region of compound spiral phase plate, and the thickness of ring region (2) is the heliciform along the axis direction and becomes thickly gradually and constitutes the ring spiral phase plate region of compound spiral phase plate, and bottom plate (3) scribbles opaque coating in the region outside circular region (1) and ring region (2).
2. A composite spiral phase plate generating compound vortex rotation according to claim 1, characterized in that the circular area (1) and the circular area (2) are gradually thicker in the clockwise direction.
3. A composite spiral phase plate generating compound vortex rotation according to claim 1, characterized in that the circular area (1) and the circular ring area (2) are gradually thicker in the counterclockwise direction.
4. A composite spiral phase plate generating compound vortex rotation according to claim 1, characterized in that the circular area (1) becomes thicker gradually in the counterclockwise direction and the circular area (2) becomes thicker gradually in the clockwise direction.
5. A composite spiral phase plate generating compound vortex rotation according to claim 1, characterized in that the circular area (1) becomes thicker gradually in clockwise direction and the circular ring area (2) becomes thicker gradually in counterclockwise direction.
6. A composite spiral phase plate for generating compound vortex rotation according to any of claims 2-5, wherein the circular area (1) and the circular area (2) have a thickness at any arc different from the thinnest radius position by:
h＝lλθ/2π(n-1)
wherein l is topological charge number and is any positive integer, λ is incident light wavelength, θ is phase angle rotated from thinnest radius position, n is refractive index of material used for manufacturing the circular ring region (2) or the circular region (1), and optical path difference generated between thickest and thinnest positions is l x 2 π.
7. A composite spiral phase plate generating complex vortex rotation according to claim 1, characterized in that the circular area (1) has a diameter size of 200 nm to 200 μm.
8. A composite spiral phase plate for generating compound vortex rotation according to claim 7, wherein the radius of the circular area (1) is 1 micron, the inner circle radius of the circular area (2) is 1.5 micron, and the outer circle radius is 2.5 micron.
9. A composite spiral phase plate generating compound vortex rotation according to claim 8, characterized in that the circular area (1) has a thickness that differs from the thinnest by 4.75 microns.
10. A composite spiral phase plate generating compound vortex rotation according to claim 9, characterized in that the thickness of the annular region (2) is 7.9 microns where it is thickest and thinnest.
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| CN113311528B (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2024-06-14 | 广东工业大学 | Composite spiral phase plate, system and method for generating composite vortex rotation |
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