CN214797474U

CN214797474U - Arrow-feather-shaped bipolar plate of proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Info

Publication number: CN214797474U
Application number: CN202121246877.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李世安; 魏荣强; 沈秋婉; 杨国刚; 蒋子恒; 廖加栋
Original assignee: Dalian Maritime University
Current assignee: Dalian Maritime University
Priority date: 2021-06-04
Filing date: 2021-06-04
Publication date: 2021-11-19
Anticipated expiration: 2031-06-04

Abstract

The utility model provides an arrow feather form proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate, including the bipolar plate body, the top of bipolar plate body be equipped with the air inlet and with the inlet channel of air inlet intercommunication, the bottom of bipolar plate body be equipped with export and with the escape way of export intercommunication, this internal interdigital flow field that is equipped with of bipolar plate, the interdigital flow field includes a plurality of horizontal arrangements and is the arrow feather form runner of vertical setting. The flow field structure of the utility model is based on the improvement of the interdigital flow field and is provided with arrow feather-shaped flow channels. The number of convection channels under the ribs is increased, the concentration of reaction gas in the gas diffusion layer is improved, and the gas utilization rate is improved; meanwhile, in the transmission process of the reaction gas, redundant liquid water in the gas diffusion layer is carried away, and the phenomenon of flooding of the battery is effectively prevented.

Description

Arrow-feather-shaped bipolar plate of proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a fuel cell technical field particularly is proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate, especially relates to an arrow feather form proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate.

Background

The fuel cell is a device for directly converting chemical energy of fuel into electric energy, is a fourth generation power generation technology for following water conservancy power generation, heat energy power generation and atomic power generation, and has the performance characteristics of cleanness, environmental protection, high efficiency and the like. The Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) has the advantages of low-temperature operation, long service life, stable performance and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of traffic transportation such as automobiles, ships and the like. The bipolar plate is a main component of the fuel cell, has a function of collecting electrons and isolating reaction gas, and is also called a current collecting plate or a separator. The flow field provided on the bipolar plate can determine the distribution of reaction gas in the fuel cell and influence the discharge of liquid water generated by the reaction. The distribution of the reactant gas affects the rate of the electrochemical reaction, and thus the local temperature; non-uniform distribution of reactant gases can cause local hot spot temperatures that affect cell performance and service life. The generated liquid water also affects the performance of the battery, and if the generated liquid water cannot be discharged in time, a battery flooding phenomenon occurs, resulting in rapid degradation of the performance of the battery. The common flow field structure mainly includes a parallel flow field, a serpentine flow field, an interdigitated flow field, a spiral flow field, and the like. However, bipolar plates containing these flow fields have certain performance issues that require optimization and new design.

1. A bipolar plate comprising parallel flow fields. The parallel flow field has the advantages of simple structure, low processing cost, small pressure drop and the like, but because the gas flow rate is low, the gas utilization rate is low, liquid water cannot be discharged in time, one or more channels are easy to block, and the performance of the battery is reduced.

2. A bipolar plate comprising a serpentine flow field. The serpentine flow field is provided with a flow channel, so that liquid water can be effectively discharged, but the pressure drop of the serpentine flow field is also overlarge; the loss of concentration at the outlet is excessive due to the consumption of the reaction, resulting in an uneven distribution of the reaction gas.

3. A bipolar plate comprising interdigitated flow fields. The interdigitated flow field is composed of closed flow channels, so that reaction gas is forced to flow in a convection mode under the ribs, the concentration of reactants in the gas diffusion layer is increased, and liquid water in the gas diffusion layer is discharged. But the pressure drop is large due to the closed flow channel; meanwhile, when the air flow is large, the membrane electrode can be damaged, and the battery can be permanently damaged.

4. A bipolar plate comprising a spiral flow field. The spiral flow field is composed of spiral flow channels, and the centrifugal force generated when the reaction gas passes through the spiral flow field can strengthen the under-rib convection of the reaction gas and enhance the mass transfer. However, the spiral flow field is difficult to process, has small effective area and large pressure drop, and is not suitable for wide application.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

According to the technical problem, a dual-pole plate of a fletching proton exchange membrane fuel cell is provided.

The utility model discloses a technical means as follows:

a dual-pole plate of a fletching proton exchange membrane fuel cell comprises a dual-pole plate body, wherein the top of the dual-pole plate body is provided with an air inlet and an air inlet channel communicated with the air inlet, the bottom of the dual-pole plate body is provided with an outlet and a discharge channel communicated with the outlet, an interdigital flow field is arranged in the dual-pole plate body, and the interdigital flow field comprises a plurality of fletching flow channels which are horizontally arranged and vertically arranged;

the arrow-feather-shaped flow channel comprises a vertically-arranged air inlet flow channel and air inlet sub-flow channel groups symmetrically arranged on two sides of the air inlet flow channel, each air inlet sub-flow channel group comprises a plurality of air inlet sub-flow channels sequentially arranged from top to bottom, one end of each air inlet sub-flow channel is communicated with the air inlet flow channel, and the other end of each air inlet sub-flow channel is sealed; a gap between two adjacent air inlet sub-runners forms a discharge sub-runner; the top of the air inlet flow channel is communicated with an air inlet branch port arranged on the air inlet channel;

a vertically arranged discharge flow channel is formed in a gap between two adjacent arrow-feather-shaped flow channels, one end, close to the discharge flow channel, of the discharge sub-flow channel is communicated with the discharge flow channel, and the end, far away from the discharge flow channel, of the discharge sub-flow channel is sealed; the bottom of the discharge flow channel is communicated with the discharge channel; the bottom of the air inlet flow channel and the top of the discharge flow channel are respectively sealed by a sealing baffle;

a flow field side flow channel is formed between the arrow-shaped flow channel and the side wall of the bipolar plate body, the bottom of the flow field side flow channel is communicated with the discharge channel, and the top of the flow field side flow channel is sealed.

Preferably, one end of the air inlet sub-flow passage, which is far away from the air inlet flow passage, is arranged obliquely downwards.

Preferably, the included angle α between the air inlet sub-flow passage and the air inlet flow passage is 15-75 °.

Preferably, the width a of the air inlet flow channel is 1-4 mm.

Preferably, the width b of the air inlet sub-flow channel is 0.5-1.5 mm.

Preferably, the width c of the discharge sub-flow path is 0.5 to 1.2 mm.

Preferably, the width d of the discharge flow channel is 1 to 3 mm.

The air inlet sub-flow passage and the discharge sub-flow passage realize rib-down convection, and meanwhile rib-down convection is also realized among the air inlet flow passage and the discharge sub-flow passage as well as among the air inlet sub-flow passage and the discharge flow passage.

The arrow-feather-shaped flow passage is formed by fixedly connecting arrow-feather-shaped ribbed plates and the bipolar plate body, and the cross sectional area of the air inlet sub-flow passage is equal to or slightly larger than that of the arrow-feather-shaped ribbed plates.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of it is following:

1. the flow field structure is based on the improvement of an interdigital flow field and is provided with an arrow-feather-shaped flow channel. The inlet branch inlets are uniformly distributed in the inlet channel, so that gas can uniformly enter the inlet channel. The air inlet sub-runners are uniformly distributed on two sides of the air inlet runner, the widths of the air inlet runners are the same, and the widths of the air inlet sub-runners are the same, so that the gas is uniformly distributed in the whole flow field, the electrochemical reaction rate is ensured to be the same, the local hot spot temperature is prevented, and the long-term stable operation of the battery is ensured.

2. The arrow-feather-shaped flow channel realizes the increase of the number of convection channels under the ribs, the concentration of reaction gas in the gas diffusion layer is improved, and the gas utilization rate is improved; meanwhile, in the transmission process of the reaction gas, redundant liquid water in the gas diffusion layer is carried away, and the phenomenon of flooding of the battery is effectively prevented.

3. The included angles between the air inlet sub-flow channel and the air inlet flow channel and between the discharge sub-flow channel and the discharge flow channel are both alpha, and alpha is between 15 and 75 degrees, so that reaction gas can be ensured to enter the sub-flow channels more easily, and simultaneously, generated liquid water can smoothly enter the discharge channel from the discharge sub-flow channels, thereby discharging the flow field and improving the overall performance of the battery.

4. The cross-sectional area of the air inlet sub-runner is equal to or slightly larger than that of the arrow-feather-shaped rib plate, so that lower contact resistance can be ensured, a larger effective reaction area is possessed, and the utilization rate of the catalyst and the performance of the battery are improved.

Based on the reason, the utility model discloses can extensively promote in fields such as bipolar plate.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a top view of a fletching bipolar plate for a pem fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of portion B of fig. 1 (with a gas flow schematic).

Fig. 4 is a diagram of the size of an arrowed flow field according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a bipolar plate body; 2. an air inlet; 3. an air intake passage; 4. an inlet branch inlet; 5. a flow field side runner; 6. a closing baffle; 7. a discharge passage; 8. an outlet; 9. an air inlet channel; 10. an air intake sub-channel; 11. a discharge flow passage; 12. a discharge sub-flow path; 13. arrow feather-shaped ribbed plates.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

Unless specifically stated otherwise, the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. Any specific values in all examples shown and discussed herein are to be construed as exemplary only and not as limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the orientation words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. are usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and in the case of not making a contrary explanation, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element in question must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention: the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and if not stated otherwise, the terms have no special meaning, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.

As shown in fig. 1-4, the utility model provides a fletching proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate, which comprises a bipolar plate body 1, wherein the top of the bipolar plate body 1 is provided with an air inlet 2 and an air inlet channel 3 communicated with the air inlet 2, and the air inlet 2 is arranged at the right side of the top of the bipolar plate body 1; the bottom of the bipolar plate body 1 is provided with an outlet 8 and a discharge channel 7 communicated with the outlet 8, and the outlet 8 is arranged at the left side of the bottom of the bipolar plate body 1; an interdigital flow field is arranged in the bipolar plate body 1 and comprises a plurality of arrow-feather-shaped flow channels which are horizontally arranged and vertically arranged;

the arrow-feather-shaped flow channel comprises an air inlet flow channel 9 which is vertically arranged and air inlet sub-flow channel groups which are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the air inlet flow channel 9, each air inlet sub-flow channel group comprises a plurality of air inlet sub-flow channels 10 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom (uniformly arranged), one end of each air inlet sub-flow channel 10 is communicated with the air inlet flow channel 9, and the other end of each air inlet sub-flow channel is sealed; a discharge sub-runner 12 is formed in a gap between two adjacent air inlet sub-runners 10; the top of the air inlet flow channel 9 is communicated with an air inlet branch inlet 4 arranged on the air inlet channel 3;

a vertically arranged discharge runner 11 is formed in a gap between two adjacent arrow-feather-shaped runners, one end of the discharge sub-runner 12 close to the discharge runner 11 is communicated with the discharge runner 11, and the end far away from the discharge runner 11 is sealed; the bottom of the discharge flow channel 11 is communicated with the discharge channel 7; the bottom of the inlet flow channel 9 and the top of the outlet flow channel 11 are respectively sealed by a sealing baffle 6;

a flow field side flow channel 5 is formed between the arrow-shaped flow channel and the side wall of the bipolar plate body 1, the bottom of the flow field side flow channel 5 is communicated with the discharge channel 7, and the top of the flow field side flow channel 5 is sealed.

The end of the inlet sub-channel 10 remote from the inlet channel 9 is arranged obliquely downwards.

The included angle alpha between the air inlet sub-flow passage 10 and the air inlet flow passage 9 is 15-75 degrees.

The width a of the inlet flow channel 9 is 1-4 mm.

The width b of the air inlet sub-flow passage 10 is 0.5-1.5 mm.

The width c of the discharge sub-channel 12 is 0.5-1.2 mm.

The width d of the discharge channel 11 is 1-3 mm.

The inlet sub-runners 10 and the outlet sub-runners 12 achieve under-rib convection, while under-rib convection is also achieved between the inlet runner 9 and the outlet sub-runners 12, the inlet sub-runners 10 and the outlet runners 11.

The arrow-feather-shaped flow passage is formed by fixedly connecting arrow-feather-shaped ribbed plates 13 with the bipolar plate body 1, and the cross sectional area of the air inlet sub-flow passage is equal to or slightly larger than that of the arrow-feather-shaped ribbed plates 13.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-pole plate of a fletching proton exchange membrane fuel cell is characterized by comprising a dual-pole plate body, wherein the top of the dual-pole plate body is provided with an air inlet and an air inlet channel communicated with the air inlet, the bottom of the dual-pole plate body is provided with an outlet and a discharge channel communicated with the outlet, an interdigital flow field is arranged in the dual-pole plate body, and the interdigital flow field comprises a plurality of fletching flow channels which are horizontally arranged and vertically arranged;

2. The fletching pem fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein the end of the inlet sub-flow-channels remote from the inlet flow-channels is disposed obliquely downward.

3. The fletching pem fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 2 wherein the included angle α between said inlet gas sub-flow-channels and said inlet gas flow-channels is 15-75 °.

4. The fletching pem fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein the width a of the inlet flow channel is 1-4 mm.

5. The fletching proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate according to claim 1, wherein the width b of the inlet sub-flow channel is 0.5-1.5 mm.

6. The fletching pem fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein the width c of the exhaust sub-flow channels is 0.5-1.2 mm.

7. The fletching pem fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein the width d of the exhaust flow channels is 1-3 mm.

8. The fletching proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein the fletching flow channel is formed by fixedly connecting fletching rib plates and the bipolar plate body, and the cross-sectional area of the air inlet sub-flow channel is equal to or larger than that of the fletching rib plates.