CN113140748A - Spiral bucket-shaped fuel cell bipolar plate - Google Patents
Spiral bucket-shaped fuel cell bipolar plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN113140748A CN113140748A CN202110426709.8A CN202110426709A CN113140748A CN 113140748 A CN113140748 A CN 113140748A CN 202110426709 A CN202110426709 A CN 202110426709A CN 113140748 A CN113140748 A CN 113140748A
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 59
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 7
- 206010013496 Disturbance in attention Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
- H01M8/0263—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant having meandering or serpentine paths
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
- H01M8/026—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant characterised by grooves, e.g. their pitch or depth
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
- H01M8/0265—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant the reactant or coolant channels having varying cross sections
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a spiral hopper-shaped fuel cell bipolar plate which comprises a bipolar plate base body, wherein the bipolar plate base body is funnel-shaped, and the bottom of the funnel is of a circular structure; the inner surface of the bipolar plate substrate is provided with a cathode flow field, and the outer surface of the bipolar plate substrate is provided with an anode flow field; the cathode flow field is provided with a plurality of spiral channels; the anode flow field has a plurality of emission channels therein. The cathode flow field adopts uniformly distributed spiral channels, so that gas generates centrifugal force in the flowing process, mass transfer is enhanced, the concentration of reactants in a gas diffusion layer is improved, the electrochemical reaction rate is increased, and the current density of the battery is improved. The anode flow field adopts a gradual change radiation flow channel, the width of the straight rib is reduced along the gas flow direction, the electrochemical reaction area can be increased, and the current density is further increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a bipolar plate, and particularly relates to a spiral bucket-shaped fuel cell bipolar plate.
Background
The Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) has the characteristics of low-temperature operation, quick start, compact structure, high specific power and specific energy, long service life, stable performance and the like, and is widely applied to various fields of automobiles, ships, aviation and the like. The bipolar plate is the main structure of the fuel cell, and has the functions of collecting electrons and isolating reaction gas, and accounts for 60% of the weight of the stack and 30% of the cost. The bipolar plate is engraved with a flow field, and the structure of the flow field determines the distribution of the reactant gases and the products inside the fuel cell. The degree of uniformity of the distribution of the reactant gas within the cell directly affects the degree of uniformity of the current density distribution. The uneven distribution of the reaction gas can lead to uneven uniform distribution of electrochemical reaction rate, and further lead to different local temperatures, thereby not only influencing the performance of the battery, but also reducing the service life of the battery. If the generated liquid water cannot be removed in time, the battery is flooded, so that the performance of the battery is reduced. The prior bipolar plate mainly comprises a snake-shaped flow field, an interdigital flow field, a parallel flow field, a point-shaped flow field, a spiral flow field and the like. The gas flow velocity in the double-pole plate of the serpentine flow field is larger, which is beneficial to the removal of liquid water; however, the longer flow channel and the larger pressure drop are not favorable for the uniform distribution of current density and the application of the catalyst. The interdigitated flow field has the characteristics that the channel is discontinuous, gas is forced to diffuse to the surrounding flow channel, the convection under the rib is enhanced, more reaction gas enters the gas diffusion layer to participate in the reaction, and the gas utilization rate is improved. However, the interdigitated flow field has a large pressure drop due to channel blockage, and when the air flow is too large, the membrane electrode is easily damaged by forced convection, so that the performance of the cell is reduced. The parallel flow field is composed of a plurality of mutually parallel channels, the flow is short, the pressure drop loss is small, but the liquid water accumulation is easily caused due to the low flow velocity of the reaction gas, the channels are blocked, the gas distribution is uneven, and the gas utilization rate is low. The reaction gas in the dot flow field tends to flow out from the path with smaller pressure drop, so that the gas distribution is uneven, the vortex is easily formed, the battery flooding phenomenon occurs, and the battery performance is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-described problems, a spiral, funnel-shaped fuel cell bipolar plate is provided. The invention mainly utilizes the bipolar plate substrate as a funnel shape and the cathode as a spiral flow field, and utilizes the centrifugal force generated by gas flow to enhance mass transfer; meanwhile, the inclined structure can enable liquid water to be transported to the outlet under the action of gravity, and drainage of the liquid water is enhanced. The anode adopts a gradually-reduced direct current channel, the width of the channel is reduced along the flowing direction of gas, the gas concentration loss caused by gas reaction is reduced, the current density is improved, and the overall performance of the battery is further improved.
The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:
a spiral hopper-shaped fuel cell bipolar plate comprises a bipolar plate substrate, wherein the bipolar plate substrate is funnel-shaped, and the bottom of the funnel is of a circular structure; the inner surface of the bipolar plate substrate is provided with a cathode flow field, and the outer surface of the bipolar plate substrate is provided with an anode flow field;
the cathode flow field is provided with a plurality of spiral channels; the bipolar plate base body is provided with at least one cathode main air inlet penetrating through the bipolar plate base body at the periphery of the cathode flow field; the bipolar plate substrate is provided with an annular cathode air inlet channel communicated with the cathode main air inlet at the periphery of the cathode flow field, and the cathode air inlet channel is provided with a plurality of cathode branch air inlets communicated with the top end of the spiral channel; a cathode gas outlet which penetrates through the circular structure and is communicated with the spiral channel is formed in one side of the circular structure in the cathode flow field;
the anode flow field is internally provided with a plurality of radiation channels which are radially arranged from the outer edge of the circular structure to the inner edge of the anode flow field by taking the center of the circular structure as the center; the bipolar plate base body is provided with at least one anode total air inlet penetrating through the bipolar plate base body at the periphery of the anode flow field; the bipolar plate substrate is provided with an annular anode air inlet channel communicated with the anode main air inlet at the periphery of the anode flow field, and the anode air inlet channel is provided with a plurality of anode branch air inlets communicated with the top end of the radiation channel; and an anode gas outlet which penetrates through the circular structure and is communicated with the radiation channel is arranged on one side of the anode flow field of the circular structure.
Further, the inclination angle alpha of the bipolar plate base body is 10-45 degrees. The angled portion may enhance drainage of liquid water.
Further, the screw pitches of the plurality of spiral channels are the same and are uniformly distributed. The spiral channel can enable the reaction gas to generate centrifugal force, and further enhance mass transfer. Meanwhile, the plurality of spiral channels are uniformly distributed and arranged, so that the phenomenon that the performance of the battery is greatly reduced due to the blockage of one channel can be effectively prevented. The length of the channel from the inlet to the outlet is shortened, the pressure drop is reduced, and the concentration loss caused by the reaction of the reaction gas is reduced.
Furthermore, one end of the spiral channel, which is close to the circular structure, is communicated with the outer edge of the circular structure, a spiral rib plate I is arranged on the circular structure, the cathode gas outlet is close to the center of the circular structure, the head end of the spiral rib plate I is close to the outer edge of the circular structure, the tail end of the spiral rib plate I extends spirally towards one end of the cathode gas outlet by taking the circle center of the circular structure as a center point, and an arc baffle plate I extending to the outer edge of the circular structure is arranged at the other end of the cathode gas outlet; the distance between the spiral rib plate I and the outer edge of the circular structure is gradually widened from the head end of the spiral rib plate I to the tail end of the spiral rib plate I. The pressure at the outlet of the flow channel is ensured to be uniformly distributed, and then the reactant at the outlet is ensured to be uniformly distributed.
Furthermore, one end of the radiation channel, which is close to the circular structure, is communicated with the outer edge of the circular structure, a spiral rib plate II is arranged on the circular structure, the anode gas outlet is close to the center of the circular structure, the head end of the spiral rib plate II is close to the outer edge of the circular structure, the tail end of the spiral rib plate II extends spirally towards one end of the anode gas outlet by taking the circle center of the circular structure as a center point, and an arc baffle plate II extending to the outer edge of the circular structure is arranged at the other end of the anode gas outlet; the distance between the spiral rib plate II and the outer edge of the circular structure is gradually widened from the head end of the spiral rib plate II to the tail end of the spiral rib plate II.
Furthermore, the bipolar plate substrate is provided with three cathode total air inlets penetrating through the bipolar plate substrate at the periphery of the cathode flow field; and three of the cathode total air inlets are uniformly distributed around the axis of the bipolar plate base body; the bipolar plate base body is provided with three anode total air inlets penetrating through the bipolar plate base body at the periphery of the anode flow field; and three of the anode total air inlets are uniformly distributed around the axis of the bipolar plate base body; the anode total air inlets and the cathode total air inlets are arranged in a staggered mode.
Furthermore, the bipolar plate substrate is provided with sealing grooves between the cathode gas outlet and the center of the circular structure, between the cathode total gas inlet and the outer edge of the bipolar plate substrate, between the anode gas outlet and the center of the circular structure, and between the anode total gas inlet and the outer edge of the bipolar plate substrate. The air tightness of the bipolar plate is ensured, and the gas leakage of the battery is prevented.
Furthermore, the width of the radiation channel is gradually narrowed from one end of the outer edge of the double-stage plate base body to one end of the circular structure. The radiation channel is composed of a gap between two straight ribs arranged on the bipolar plate base body, and the width of each straight rib is gradually narrowed from one end of the outer edge of the bipolar plate base body to one end of the circular structure. The width of the radiation channel and the width of the straight ribs are gradually reduced along the gas flowing direction, the cross section area of the flow channel is reduced, the concentration of reactants can be improved, and the current density of the battery is improved.
Further, a central through hole is machined in the center of the circular structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the cathode flow field adopts uniformly distributed spiral channels, so that gas generates centrifugal force in the flowing process, mass transfer is enhanced, the concentration of reactants in a gas diffusion layer is improved, the electrochemical reaction rate is increased, and the current density of the battery is improved. The anode flow field adopts a gradual change radiation flow channel (straight flow channel), the width of the straight rib is reduced along the gas flow direction, the electrochemical reaction area can be increased, and the current density is further increased. The width of the flow channel is gradually reduced along the gas flowing direction, the cross-sectional area of the flow channel is reduced, and the gas flowing speed is improved. According to Darcy's theorem, the increase of the flow velocity of the reaction gas can improve the concentration of reactants in the gas diffusion layer, reduce concentration loss and improve the overall performance of the battery.
2. The cathode and anode gas outlets of the invention adopt the spiral rib plate I and the spiral rib plate II, the side of the channel close to the circle center is in a spiral structure, the width of the channel is widened along with the increase of the number of the flow channels, the uniform pressure distribution at the outlet of the flow channels can be ensured, and the uniform distribution of reactants is enhanced.
3. The bipolar plate substrate adopts a funnel-shaped inclined structure, so that water can be promoted to be transported under the action of gravity, and the removal of liquid water is enhanced.
4. The invention is respectively provided with a circular structure, and can play a role in supporting and the entrance and the discharge of reaction gas. The circular structure is provided with the sealing groove, so that the gas tightness is improved, and the bionic gas leakage of the battery is prevented.
The invention can be widely popularized in the fields of bipolar plates and the like for the reasons.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a spiral bucket-shaped fuel cell bipolar plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side view of a helical bucket fuel cell bipolar plate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a cathode flow field structure in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an anode flow field structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a bipolar plate substrate; 11. a cathode total gas inlet; 12. a cathode inlet passage; 13. a cathode inlet port; 14. an anode total gas inlet; 15. an anode inlet passage; 16. an anode inlet port; 2. a circular structure; 21. a cathode gas outlet; 22. an anode gas outlet; 23. a helical rib plate I; 24. an arc baffle I; 25. a helical rib plate II; 26. an arc baffle II; 27. a central through hole; 3. a spiral channel; 4. a radiation channel; 41. a straight rib; 5. the groove is sealed.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. Any specific values in all examples shown and discussed herein are to be construed as exemplary only and not as limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the directional terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are used for convenience of description and simplicity of description only, and in the absence of any contrary indication, these directional terms are not intended to indicate and imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention: the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a spiral funnel-shaped fuel cell bipolar plate comprises a bipolar plate substrate 1, wherein the bipolar plate substrate is funnel-shaped, and the bottom of the funnel is a circular structure 2; the inner surface of the bipolar plate substrate 1 is provided with a cathode flow field, and the outer surface of the bipolar plate substrate is provided with an anode flow field;
the cathode flow field is provided with a plurality of spiral channels 3; the bipolar plate substrate 1 is provided with at least one cathode total air inlet 11 penetrating through the bipolar plate substrate 1 at the periphery of the cathode flow field; the bipolar plate substrate 1 is provided with an annular cathode air inlet channel 12 communicated with the cathode main air inlet 11 at the periphery of the cathode flow field, and the cathode air inlet channel 12 is provided with a plurality of cathode air inlet ports 13 communicated with the top ends of the spiral channels 3; a cathode gas outlet 21 which penetrates through the circular structure 2 and is communicated with the spiral channel 3 is arranged on one side of the circular structure 2 in the cathode flow field; the spiral channel 3 is a spiral channel 3 which takes the origin of the circular structure 2 as the spiral center and spirals from the outer edge of the circular structure 2 to the cathode gas inlet channel.
The anode flow field is internally provided with a plurality of radial channels 4, and the radial channels 4 are radially arranged from the outer edge of the circular structure 2 to the inner edge of the anode flow field by taking the center of the circular structure 2 as the center; the bipolar plate substrate 1 is provided with at least one anode total air inlet 14 penetrating through the bipolar plate substrate 1 at the periphery of the anode flow field; the bipolar plate base body 1 is provided with an annular anode air inlet channel 15 communicated with the anode main air inlet 14 at the periphery of the anode flow field, and the anode air inlet channel 15 is provided with a plurality of anode air inlet ports 16 communicated with the top end of the radiation channel 4; an anode gas outlet 22 which penetrates through the circular structure 2 and is communicated with the radiation channel 4 is arranged on one side of the circular structure 2 in the anode flow field.
Furthermore, the inclination angle alpha of the bipolar plate substrate 1 is 10-45 degrees. The angled portion may enhance drainage of liquid water.
Further, the helical channels 3 have the same pitch and are uniformly arranged. The spiral channel 3 can generate centrifugal force to the reaction gas, thereby enhancing mass transfer. Meanwhile, the spiral channels 3 are uniformly distributed and arranged, so that the phenomenon that the performance of the battery is greatly reduced due to the blockage of one channel can be effectively prevented. The length of the channel from the inlet to the outlet is shortened, the pressure drop is reduced, and the concentration loss caused by the reaction of the reaction gas is reduced.
Furthermore, one end of the spiral channel 3, which is close to the circular structure 2, is communicated with the outer edge of the circular structure 2, a spiral rib plate i 23 is arranged on the circular structure 2, the cathode gas outlet 21 is close to the center of the circular structure 2, the head end of the spiral rib plate i 23 is close to the outer edge of the circular structure 2, the tail end of the spiral rib plate i 23 extends spirally towards one end of the cathode gas outlet 21 by taking the circle center of the circular structure 2 as a center point, and the other end of the cathode gas outlet 21 is provided with an arc baffle plate i 24 extending to the outer edge of the circular structure 2; the distance between the spiral rib plate I23 and the outer edge of the circular structure 2 is gradually widened from the head end of the spiral rib plate I23 to the tail end of the spiral rib plate I23. The pressure at the outlet of the flow channel is ensured to be uniformly distributed, and then the reactant at the outlet is ensured to be uniformly distributed.
Furthermore, one end of the radiation channel 4, which is close to the circular structure 2, is communicated with the outer edge of the circular structure 2, a spiral rib plate ii 25 is arranged on the circular structure 2, the anode gas outlet 22 is close to the center of the circular structure 2, the head end of the spiral rib plate ii 25 is close to the outer edge of the circular structure 2, the tail end of the spiral rib plate ii 25 extends spirally towards one end of the anode gas outlet 22 by taking the circle center of the circular structure 2 as a center point, and the other end of the anode gas outlet 22 is provided with an arc baffle plate ii 26 extending to the outer edge of the circular structure 2; the distance between the spiral rib plate II 25 and the outer edge of the circular structure 2 is gradually wider from the head end of the spiral rib plate II 25 to the tail end of the spiral rib plate II 25.
Further, the bipolar plate substrate 1 is provided with three cathode total gas inlets 11 penetrating through the bipolar plate substrate 1 at the periphery of the cathode flow field; the three cathode total air inlets 11 are uniformly distributed around the axis of the bipolar plate base body 1; the bipolar plate substrate 1 is provided with three anode total air inlets 14 penetrating through the bipolar plate substrate 1 at the periphery of the anode flow field; and three of the anode total gas inlets 14 are uniformly distributed around the axis of the bipolar plate base 1; the anode total gas inlets 14 are staggered with the cathode total gas inlets 11.
Furthermore, the bipolar plate base body 1 is provided with sealing grooves 5 between the cathode gas outlet 21 and the center of the circular structure 2, between the cathode total gas inlet 11 and the outer edge of the bipolar plate base body 1, between the anode gas outlet 22 and the center of the circular structure 2, and between the anode total gas inlet 14 and the outer edge of the bipolar plate base body 1. The air tightness of the bipolar plate is ensured, and the gas leakage of the battery is prevented.
Further, the width of the radiation channel 4 is gradually narrowed from one end of the outer edge of the double-stage plate base 1 to one end of the circular structure 2. The radiation channel 4 is composed of a gap between two straight ribs 41 arranged on the bipolar plate base body 1, and the width of the straight ribs 41 is gradually narrowed from one end of the outer edge of the bipolar plate base body 1 to one end of the circular structure 2. The width of the radiation channel 4 and the width of the straight ribs 41 are gradually reduced along the gas flowing direction, the cross-sectional area of the flow channel is reduced, the concentration of reactants can be improved, and the current density of the battery can be improved.
Further, a central through hole 27 is machined in the center of the circular structure 2.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The spiral hopper-shaped fuel cell bipolar plate is characterized by comprising a bipolar plate base body, wherein the bipolar plate base body is funnel-shaped, and the bottom of the funnel is of a circular structure; the inner surface of the bipolar plate substrate is provided with a cathode flow field, and the outer surface of the bipolar plate substrate is provided with an anode flow field;
the cathode flow field is provided with a plurality of spiral channels; the bipolar plate base body is provided with at least one cathode main air inlet penetrating through the bipolar plate base body at the periphery of the cathode flow field; the bipolar plate substrate is provided with an annular cathode air inlet channel communicated with the cathode main air inlet at the periphery of the cathode flow field, and the cathode air inlet channel is provided with a plurality of cathode branch air inlets communicated with the top end of the spiral channel; a cathode gas outlet which penetrates through the circular structure and is communicated with the spiral channel is formed in one side of the circular structure in the cathode flow field;
the anode flow field is internally provided with a plurality of radiation channels which are radially arranged from the outer edge of the circular structure to the inner edge of the anode flow field by taking the center of the circular structure as the center; the bipolar plate base body is provided with at least one anode total air inlet penetrating through the bipolar plate base body at the periphery of the anode flow field; the bipolar plate substrate is provided with an annular anode air inlet channel communicated with the anode main air inlet at the periphery of the anode flow field, and the anode air inlet channel is provided with a plurality of anode branch air inlets communicated with the top end of the radiation channel; and an anode gas outlet which penetrates through the circular structure and is communicated with the radiation channel is arranged on one side of the anode flow field of the circular structure.
2. The helical bucket-shaped fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein said bipolar plate substrate has an inclination angle α of 10-45 °.
3. The helical bucket fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein the helical channels have the same pitch and are uniformly arranged.
4. The bipolar plate with the spiral bucket-shaped fuel cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein one end of the spiral channel close to the circular structure is communicated with the outer edge of the circular structure, the circular structure is provided with a spiral rib plate I, the cathode gas outlet is close to the center of the circular structure, the head end of the spiral rib plate I is close to the outer edge of the circular structure, the tail end of the spiral rib plate I extends spirally towards one end of the cathode gas outlet by taking the circle center of the circular structure as a central point, and the other end of the cathode gas outlet is provided with an arc baffle plate I extending to the outer edge of the circular structure; the distance between the spiral rib plate I and the outer edge of the circular structure is gradually widened from the head end of the spiral rib plate I to the tail end of the spiral rib plate I.
5. The bipolar plate with the spiral bucket-shaped fuel cell of claim 1, wherein one end of the radial channel close to the circular structure is communicated with the outer edge of the circular structure, the circular structure is provided with a spiral rib plate II, the anode gas outlet is close to the center of the circular structure, the head end of the spiral rib plate II is close to the outer edge of the circular structure, the tail end of the spiral rib plate II extends spirally towards one end of the anode gas outlet by taking the circle center of the circular structure as a center point, and the other end of the anode gas outlet is provided with an arc baffle plate II extending to the outer edge of the circular structure; the distance between the spiral rib plate II and the outer edge of the circular structure is gradually widened from the head end of the spiral rib plate II to the tail end of the spiral rib plate II.
6. The helical bucket-shaped fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein said bipolar plate substrate is provided with three said cathode total gas inlets extending through said bipolar plate substrate at the periphery of said cathode flow field; and three of the cathode total air inlets are uniformly distributed around the axis of the bipolar plate base body; the bipolar plate base body is provided with three anode total air inlets penetrating through the bipolar plate base body at the periphery of the anode flow field; and three of the anode total air inlets are uniformly distributed around the axis of the bipolar plate base body; the anode total air inlets and the cathode total air inlets are arranged in a staggered mode.
7. The helical bucket-shaped fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein said bipolar plate substrate has sealing grooves between said cathode gas outlet and the center of said circular structure, between said cathode gas inlet and the outer edge of said bipolar plate substrate, between said anode gas outlet and the center of said circular structure, and between said anode gas inlet and the outer edge of said bipolar plate substrate.
8. The helical bucket fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein said radial channels taper in width from said outer edge of said bipolar plate base to said circular configuration.
9. The helical bucket-shaped fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 8, wherein said radial channels are formed by spaces between two straight ribs disposed on said bipolar plate substrate, and the width of said straight ribs is gradually narrowed from the outer edge of said bipolar plate substrate to the end of said circular structure.
10. The helical bucket fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 1 wherein said circular structure has a central through hole machined in the center.
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| CN202110426709.8A CN113140748A (en) | 2021-04-20 | 2021-04-20 | Spiral bucket-shaped fuel cell bipolar plate |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110426709.8A CN113140748A (en) | 2021-04-20 | 2021-04-20 | Spiral bucket-shaped fuel cell bipolar plate |
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| CN113140748A true CN113140748A (en) | 2021-07-20 |
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| CN202110426709.8A Pending CN113140748A (en) | 2021-04-20 | 2021-04-20 | Spiral bucket-shaped fuel cell bipolar plate |
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| CN113809350A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-17 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Fuel cell, cell unit and electrode plate |
| CN115332558A (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2022-11-11 | 上海治臻新能源股份有限公司 | Fuel cell |
| CN115663227A (en) * | 2022-11-03 | 2023-01-31 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Fuel cell bipolar plate based on peripheral air inlet type spiral radial flow field |
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