CN115332558A

CN115332558A - Fuel cell

Info

Publication number: CN115332558A
Application number: CN202211237497.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高乾书; 姜天豪; 毕飞飞; 胡鹏; 蓝树槐
Original assignee: Shanghai Zhizhen New Energy Co Ltd
Current assignee: Suzhou Zhizhen New Energy Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-10-11
Filing date: 2022-10-11
Publication date: 2022-11-11
Anticipated expiration: 2042-10-11
Also published as: CN115332558B

Abstract

The application provides a fuel cell, which comprises a bipolar plate, an outer collecting plate, an inner collecting plate, a connecting collecting plate and more than two fluid channels, wherein the bipolar plate is columnar, and the radial cross section of the bipolar plate is spiral; the connecting collecting plate is columnar, the radial cross section of the connecting collecting plate is spiral, and the surface of the connecting collecting plate is correspondingly attached to the surface of the bipolar plate; the outer header is positioned outside the bipolar plate and connected to one end of the connection header; the inner collecting plate is positioned inside the bipolar plate and is connected to the other end of the connecting collecting plate; each of the fluid channels comprises a first fluid end and a second fluid end; the first fluid end and the second fluid end are respectively communicated to the inner side and the outer side of the bipolar plate, so that the technical problems of reducing the effective utilization rate of the area of the bipolar plate and reducing the electrochemical reaction space in a stacked assembly mode of the bipolar plate and a design mode of a fluid distribution area are solved.

Description

Fuel cell

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a fuel cell.

Background

A fuel cell comprises two electrodes (anode and cathode) separated by an electrolyte, a fuel (e.g. hydrogen, any hydrogen-containing gas mixture or methanol, ethanol and other short-chain alcohols) being supplied to the anode and an oxidant (e.g. pure oxygen or air) being supplied to the cathode to generate electrical energy by an electrochemical reaction.

The bipolar plate is a core component of a fuel cell and mainly functions to support a membrane electrode, provide flow channels for hydrogen, oxygen and coolant, separate hydrogen and oxygen, collect electrons, and conduct heat. The bipolar plate in the fuel cell is designed with a fluid transportation cavity opening, a fluid distribution area and an electrochemical reaction area, wherein the fluid transportation cavity opening and the fluid distribution area are both positioned at two ends of the bipolar plate and occupy a certain area, but only the reaction area in the bipolar plate provides a reaction space for the electrochemical reaction.

The existing fuel cell structure generally adopts an assembly mode of stacking bipolar plates, so that the size and the number of the bipolar plates, the area ratio of a reaction area and the like determine the effective electrochemical reaction volume of the fuel cell. The stacked assembly mode and the design mode of the fluid distribution area occupy a certain space of the fuel cell, reduce the effective utilization rate of the area of the bipolar plate and reduce the electrochemical reaction space at the same time.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a fuel cell to solve the assembly mode of bipolar plate heap and the regional design mode of fluid distribution, reduce bipolar plate area effective utilization, reduce the technical problem in electrochemical reaction space.

The application provides a fuel cell, which comprises a bipolar plate, an outer collecting plate, an inner collecting plate, a connecting collecting plate, more than two fluid channels and a fixing module, wherein the bipolar plate is columnar, and the radial cross section of the bipolar plate is spiral; the connecting collecting plate is columnar, the radial cross section of the connecting collecting plate is spiral, and the surface of the connecting collecting plate is correspondingly attached to the surface of the bipolar plate; the outer header is positioned outside the bipolar plate and connected to one end of the connection header; the inner collecting plate is positioned inside the bipolar plate and is connected to the other end of the connecting collecting plate; each of the fluid channels comprises a first fluid end and a second fluid end; the first fluid end and the second fluid end are respectively communicated to the inner side and the outer side of the bipolar plate, the fixing module comprises a first fixing piece and a second fixing piece, and the first fixing piece is abutted to the inner side wall of the inner header plate; the second fixing piece is abutted to the outer side wall of the outer collecting plate; the first fixing piece and the second fixing piece respectively extrude the inner collecting plate and the outer collecting plate, so that two ends of the connecting collecting plate are respectively connected to the inner collecting plate and the outer collecting plate; the inner collecting plate comprises more than two first groove bodies, and the first groove bodies are distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner collecting plate and are arranged along the axial direction of the inner collecting plate; the first fixing piece comprises more than two second groove bodies, and the second groove bodies are distributed corresponding to the first groove bodies; the first fluid end sequentially penetrates through the second groove body and the first groove body and is communicated to the inner side wall of the bipolar plate.

Optionally, each of the first fluid ends includes a first pipe and a first flow channel, and the first pipe is disposed inside the inner header plate; the first flow passage is planar or curved; one end of the first flow channel is communicated to the side wall of the first pipeline, and the other end of the first flow channel is communicated to the bipolar plate in a tangent mode.

Optionally, each of the second fluid ports includes a second pipe and a second flow channel, and the second pipe is disposed outside the outer header plate; the second flow passage is planar or curved; one end of the second flow channel is communicated to the side wall of the second pipeline, and the other end of the second flow channel is communicated to the bipolar plate in a tangent mode.

Optionally, the fluid channels are evenly distributed along the circumference of the bipolar plate.

Optionally, the outer collecting plate includes more than two third groove bodies, and the third groove bodies are distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer collecting plate and are arranged along the axial direction of the outer collecting plate; the second fixing piece comprises more than two fourth groove bodies, and the fourth groove bodies are planar or curved and distributed corresponding to the third groove bodies; the second fluid end sequentially penetrates through the fourth groove body and the third groove body and is communicated to the outer side wall of the bipolar plate.

Optionally, the fixing module further includes two fixing end plates, and the two fixing end plates are respectively connected to two end portions of the second fixing member; wherein the ends of the bipolar plate, the outer header plate, the inner header plate and the connecting header plate are all abutted to the fixed end plate.

Optionally, the fixing module further includes a first fastener, a second fastener, and a connecting arm, and the first fastener is detachably connected to an end face of the second fixing part; the second fastener is detachably connected to the surface of the fixed end plate; one end of the connecting arm is connected to the first fastener, and the other end thereof is connected to the second fastener.

Optionally, the fixing module further includes a third fixing member, the third fixing member is a column and is disposed inside the first fixing member, and one end of the third fixing member is connected to any one of the fixing end plates; the third fixing part is provided with more than two clamping grooves along the axial direction, part of any first fluid end is embedded into one clamping groove, and part of the first fluid end can penetrate through one fixing end plate to extend out.

Optionally, the fixing module further includes a fixing ring, the first fluid end includes an extending end penetrating out of the fixing end plate, and the fixing ring is sleeved to the outside of the extending end.

Optionally, the fuel cell further comprises a sealing ring, and the sealing ring is wrapped on the outer side wall of the outer collecting plate.

The utility model provides a fuel cell, because bipolar plate and connection collecting plate are the spiral structure of curling, first fluid end is connected to the inside edge of bipolar plate, and the second fluid end is connected to the outward flange of bipolar plate, therefore the junction of inside and outside edge in the bipolar plate is the distribution region, and first fluid end and second fluid end can be regarded as the extension of distribution region simultaneously, makes the distribution region in the battery module only occupy a small amount of area of bipolar plate, and then can improve the area ratio of electrochemical reaction area in the bipolar plate by a wide margin.

When the radial dimension of the bipolar plate is increased, the area of the distribution area in the bipolar plate is unchanged, so that the occupation ratio of the effective electrochemical reaction space in the bipolar plate is further increased, and a high-power fuel cell with small volume can be realized.

The two ends of the connecting collecting plate are respectively connected to the outer collecting plate and the inner collecting plate, and when external pressure acts on the inner collecting plate and the outer collecting plate, the outer collecting plate and the inner collecting plate transmit acting force to the bipolar plate through the connecting collecting plate, so that the pressure born by the bipolar plate is uniformly distributed.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell provided herein;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a fuel cell provided herein;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a first fluid end mated to a first fixture in a fuel cell provided herein;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a first fixture in a fuel cell provided herein;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a fuel cell provided herein;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure of a fuel cell provided herein;

FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of a fuel cell provided herein;

fig. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of a second fixture in a fuel cell provided herein;

FIG. 9 is a schematic left side view of a fuel cell provided herein;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the right side of a fuel cell provided herein;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a third fixing member in the fuel cell provided in the present application.

Description of reference numerals:

110. a first fixing member; 111. a second tank body; 120. a second fixing member; 121. a fourth tank body; 130. fixing the end plate; 140. a third fixing member; 141. a card slot; 150. a fixing ring; 161. a first fastener; 162. a second fastener; 163. a connecting arm; 200. an outer collection plate; 210. a third tank body; 300. a seal ring; 400. an inner collecting plate; 410. a first tank body; 500. connecting the collecting plates; 600. a bipolar plate; 700. a first fluid end; 710. a first conduit; 711. an extension end; 720. a first flow passage; 800. a second fluid end; 810. a second conduit; 820. a second flow passage; 821. a straight line segment; 822. and (6) bending the section.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application. Furthermore, it should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating exemplary embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In the present application, unless otherwise specified, the use of directional terms such as "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" generally refer to upper, lower, left and right in the actual use or operation of the device, and specifically to the orientation of the drawing figures.

The present application provides a fuel cell, which will be described in detail below. It should be noted that the following description of the embodiments is not intended to limit the preferred order of the embodiments of the present application. In the following embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment.

Referring to fig. 1-3, the present application provides a fuel cell, which can be used as a device for directly converting chemical energy of fuel into electric energy. The fuel cell includes a cell module including a bipolar plate 600, an outer collector 200, an inner collector 400, and a connection collector 500, a stationary module, and two or more fluid channels communicating with the bipolar plate 600 to deliver a fuel (e.g., hydrogen, any gas mixture containing hydrogen, or methanol, ethanol, and other short-chain alcohols) and an oxidant (e.g., pure oxygen or air) to a reaction region at the bipolar plate 600 for an electrochemical reaction.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the bipolar plate 600 is a cylindrical structure formed by rolling the bipolar plate in the unit fuel cell such that the cross section of the bipolar plate 600 in the radial direction thereof is a spiral shape in the present application, and the occupation ratio of the effective electrochemical reaction space can be increased by increasing the radial dimension of the bipolar plate 600.

One metal bipolar plate for a fuel cell having application number 201410022362.0 discloses that oxygen, hydrogen and coolant can flow into bipolar plate 600 to react. A bipolar plate for a hydrogen fuel cell and a hydrogen fuel cell of application No. 202023131280. X disclose that a hydrogen flow field and an oxygen flow field are provided in the bipolar plate for flowing hydrogen and oxygen. Therefore, the technical features of the present application, in which the fluid channel is communicated to the bipolar plate 600 to transmit the fuel and the oxidant to the reaction region of the bipolar plate 600 for electrochemical reaction, are the prior art and are not described herein again.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the outer header 200 and the inner header 400 have a hollow cylindrical structure, in which the outer header 200 is located outside the bipolar plate 600, the inner header 400 is located inside the bipolar plate 600, and the central axis of the outer header 200 coincides with the central axis of the inner header 400.

Referring to fig. 3, the connection header 500 has a cylindrical structure, and a cross-section in a radial direction thereof has a spiral shape. The curling parameters of the connection header 500 are consistent with those of the bipolar plate 600, so that the cylindrical structure of the connection header 500 is the same as that of the bipolar plate 600, and thus the surface of the connection header 500 can be correspondingly attached to the surface of the bipolar plate 600.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, one end of the connection header plate 500 is connected to the outer header plate 200 and the other end thereof is connected to the inner header plate 400, and at the same time, since the bipolar plate 600 and the connection header plate 500 are both of a spiral structure in which they are wound, the battery module is clamped by the above-described fixing module, which ensures that both ends of the connection header plate 500 are connected to the outer header plate 200 and the inner header plate 400, respectively, by applying force to the inner header plate 400 and the outer header plate 200, respectively, and at the same time, the force can be uniformly applied to the bipolar plate 600 when the force is applied to the bipolar plate 600 through the connection header plate 500.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the fixing module includes a first fixing member 110 and a second fixing member 120, and the first fixing member 110 and the second fixing member 120 are both hollow cylindrical structures. The first fixing member 110 is inserted into and abutted against the inner sidewall of the inner header plate 400, the second fixing member 120 is wrapped and abutted against the outer sidewall of the outer header plate 200, and the central axis of the first fixing member 110 coincides with the central axis of the second fixing member 120.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the first fixing member 110 abuts against the inner header 400 to apply a radially outward pressure to the inner header 400, while the second fixing member 120 abuts against the outer header 200 to apply a radially inward pressure to the outer header 200. The above-mentioned pressing forces acting in opposite directions may cause the battery modules located between the first fixing member 110 and the second fixing member 120 to be compressed, thereby ensuring that both ends of the connection collecting plate 500 are connected to the outer collecting plate 200 and the inner collecting plate 400, respectively; meanwhile, the radial size of the cell module can be reduced, and the design of a fuel cell with small volume and high power is realized.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, since the first fixing member 110 and the second fixing member 120 are both cylindrical structures, the pressure applied by the first fixing member 110 may be uniformly distributed on the inner sidewall of the inner collecting plate 400, and the pressure applied by the second fixing member 120 may be uniformly distributed on the outer sidewall of the outer collecting plate 200, so that the pressure borne by the battery module is uniformly distributed during the process of clamping the battery module by the first fixing member 110 and the second fixing member 120, so as to improve the service performance of the battery module.

Further, the inner header plate 400 and the outer header plate 200 having the pillar structure apply the above-described force to the connection header plate 500 which is wound in a spiral structure, and the connection header plate 500 applies the force to the bipolar plate 600 attached thereto. The force applied to the bipolar plate 600 may be uniformly distributed to the surface on which it is wound by the structure of the first and

second fixtures

110 and 120, the inner header 400 and the outer header 200, and the connection header 500.

Referring to fig. 2, the fuel cell includes more than two fluid channels for respectively delivering fuel and oxidant to the bipolar plate 600, and in this application, the fuel cell includes four fluid channels, any three of which are respectively used for delivering fuel, oxidant and coolant, and another fluid channel is used as a backup channel.

Referring to fig. 2, a plurality of fluid channels are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the bipolar plate 600 to facilitate the flow of fuel, oxidant, and coolant within the bipolar plate 600 and the electrochemical reaction.

Referring to fig. 3 to 6, each fluid channel includes a first fluid port 700 and a second fluid port 800 at both ends thereof, respectively, and the first fluid port 700 and the second fluid port 800 communicate to the inside and outside of the bipolar plate 600, respectively. Fluid (e.g., fuel, oxidant, coolant) within the fluid channels may enter the bipolar plate 600 from the first fluid end 700 for electrochemical reaction or cooling and then exit through the second fluid end 800 such that the fluid may flow from the inside of the bipolar plate 600 to the outside of the bipolar plate 600. Alternatively, fluid within the fluid channels may enter the bipolar plate 600 from the second fluid end 800 for electrochemical reaction or cooling and then exit through the first fluid end 700 such that fluid may flow from the outside of the bipolar plate 600 to the inside of the bipolar plate 600. The second fluid end 800 is defined herein as an inflow end and the first fluid end 700 is defined herein as an outflow end, although the above definition is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 3-6, the first and second fluid ends 700 and 800 of the fluid channels are located on the inner and outer sides of the bipolar plate 600, respectively, and since the bipolar plate 600 is a cylindrical structure formed by being rolled, the first fluid end 700 is connected to only the inner edge of the bipolar plate 600, while the second fluid end 800 is connected to only the outer edge of the bipolar plate 600. Therefore, the connection between the inner and outer edges of the bipolar plate 600 is a distribution area, and the first and second fluid ends 700 and 800 can be used as extensions of the distribution area, so that the distribution area in the cell module occupies only a small area of the bipolar plate 600, thereby greatly increasing the area ratio of the electrochemical reaction area in the bipolar plate 600.

Referring to fig. 3, each first fluid end 700 includes a first conduit 710 in communication with a first fluid passage 720. The first tubes 710 are axially disposed inside the inner header plate 400, and the central axes of the first tubes 710 and the central axis of the inner header plate 400 are parallel to each other, and the first tubes 710 of the plurality of fluid passages are fixed to the central position of the inner header plate 400.

Referring to fig. 3, the first flow channel 720 is a planar or curved structure, in which one end of the first flow channel 720 is connected to the sidewall of the first channel 710, and the other end is connected to the inner sidewall of the bipolar plate 600. Since the bipolar plate 600 is curled in a cylindrical shape, the end of the first flow channel 720 is tangential to the inner edge of the bipolar plate 600.

Referring to fig. 3, the inner sidewalls of the bipolar plate 600 communicate with the first flow channel 720, which increases the contact area of the bipolar plate 600 with the first fluid port 700, increases the flow rate of the fluid flowing into the first fluid port 700, and thus increases the electrochemical reaction efficiency of the fuel cell. Meanwhile, the contact area between the bipolar plate 600 and the first flow channel 720 is large, so that when fluid (such as fuel, oxidant, and coolant) in the bipolar plate 600 flows into the first flow channel 720 through the joint, turbulence does not occur, and the fluid can flow in the cell module rapidly and smoothly.

Referring to fig. 5, each second fluid end 800 includes a second conduit 810 in communication with a second flow passage 820. The second tubes 810 are disposed outside the outer header 200 in the axial direction, and the central axes of the second tubes 810 and the central axis of the outer header 200 are parallel to each other, and the second tubes 810 of the plurality of fluid passages are uniformly distributed around the central axis of the outer header 200 in this application.

Referring to fig. 4 to 6, the second flow channel 820 has a planar or curved structure, in which one end of the second flow channel 820 is connected to the sidewall of the second channel 810, and the other end thereof is connected to the outer sidewall of the bipolar plate 600. Since the bipolar plate 600 is rolled into a cylindrical shape, the ends of the second flow channels 820 are tangent to the outer edges of the bipolar plate 600.

Referring to fig. 5 to 7, the outer sidewall of the bipolar plate 600 communicates with the second flow channel 820, so that the contact area between the bipolar plate 600 and the second fluid port 800 can be increased, and the flow rate of the fluid flowing from the second fluid port 800 to the bipolar plate 600 can be increased, thereby improving the electrochemical reaction efficiency of the fuel cell. Meanwhile, the contact area between the bipolar plate 600 and the second flow channels 820 is large, so that when fluid (such as fuel, oxidant, and coolant) in the second flow channels 820 flows into the bipolar plate 600 through the joints, turbulence does not occur, and the fluid can flow in the cell module rapidly and smoothly.

Referring to fig. 4 to 7, the first fluid end 700 is connected to the inner edge of the bipolar plate 600 through the first flow channels 720, and the second fluid end 800 is connected to the outer edge of the bipolar plate 600 through the second flow channels 820, so that the side walls of the inner and outer edges of the bipolar plate 600 are ports, and when the radial size of the bipolar plate 600 is increased, the area of the distribution region in the bipolar plate 600 is not changed, so that the occupied ratio of the effective electrochemical reaction space in the bipolar plate 600 is further increased, and thus a small-sized high-power fuel cell can be realized.

Referring to fig. 3, the inner header 400 includes two or more first grooves 410, the first grooves 410 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner header 400, and each first groove 410 is opened along the axial direction of the inner header 400. The first channel 720 of the first fluid port 700 has a curved surface structure, and the first pipe 710 is disposed inside the inner header 400, so that the first channel 720 can communicate with the first pipe 710 through the first slot 410.

In the present application, the number of the first grooves 410 is the same as the number of the fluid channels which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the bipolar plate 600, and thus the first grooves 410 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner header 400, so that the fluid channels correspond to the first grooves 410 one to one.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the first fixing member 110 includes more than two second grooves 111, wherein the plurality of second grooves 111 are distributed along a circumferential direction of the first fixing member 110, each second groove 111 is formed along an axial direction of the first fixing member 110, and the second grooves 111 and the first grooves 410 are distributed correspondingly, so as to facilitate assembly of the first flow channel 720, that is, one end of the first flow channel 720 is connected to an inner edge of the bipolar plate 600, and the other end thereof sequentially passes through the first and

second grooves

410 and 111 and is connected to a side wall of the first flow channel 710.

Referring to fig. 5 to 7, the outer collecting plate 200 includes more than two third tanks 210, the plurality of third tanks 210 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer collecting plate 200, and each third tank 210 is opened along the axial direction of the outer collecting plate 200. One end of the second flow channels 820 of the second fluid end 800 is bent such that the second flow channels 820 are connected to the outer edge of the bipolar plate 600 through the third slot 210.

The number of the third grooves 210 is the same as the number of the fluid channels uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the bipolar plate 600, and thus the third grooves 210 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer header 200, so that the fluid channels correspond to the third grooves 210 one by one.

Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the second fixing member 120 includes more than two fourth grooves 121, wherein a plurality of the fourth grooves 121 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the second fixing member 120, each of the fourth grooves 121 is opened along the axial direction of the second fixing member 120, and the fourth grooves 121 and the third grooves 210 are distributed correspondingly, so as to facilitate the assembly of the second flow channel 820, that is, one end of the second flow channel 820 is connected to the outer edge of the bipolar plate 600, and the other end thereof sequentially passes through the third grooves 210 and the fourth grooves 121 and is connected to the side wall of the second conduit 810.

Referring to fig. 7 and 8, in the present application, the first fixing member 110 is a hollow cylindrical structure, wherein in a cross section of the first fixing member 110 along a radial direction thereof, an outer side thereof is a rectangular structure, and an inner side thereof is a circular structure. Since the outer side of the first fixing member 110 has a square structure, the second tubes 810 of the four fluid passages may be respectively mounted to four corners of the first fixing member 110. Meanwhile, since the inner side of the first fixing member 110 has a cylindrical structure, the inner wall of the first fixing member 110 may be attached to the outer sidewall of the outer collecting plate 200, so as to fix the battery module.

Referring to fig. 6 to 8, the second flow channel 820 includes a straight section 821 and a bent section 822 connected to each other, wherein the straight section 821 of the second flow channel 820 is embedded in the fourth groove 121, so as to facilitate the processing and assembling of the second flow channel 820; the bent section 822 of the second flow channel 820 penetrates through the third slot 210 and is connected to the outer header 200, so that the second flow channel 820 is connected to the outer header 200.

Referring to fig. 7, the fuel cell further includes a sealing ring 300, the sealing ring 300 is a hollow cylinder, an inner surface of the sealing ring 300 is covered on the outer collecting plate 200, and an outer surface of the sealing ring 300 is attached to an inner wall of the second fixing member 120, so that the sealing ring 300 is used to enhance the sealing performance between the cell module and the second fixing member 120.

Referring to fig. 1, 9 and 10, the fixing module further includes two fixing end plates 130 disposed opposite to each other, the two fixing end plates 130 are respectively connected to both ends of the second fixing member 120, and both ends of the bipolar plate 600, the outer header plate 200, the inner header plate 400 and the connection header plate 500 are respectively abutted to the two fixing end plates 130. The two fixing end plates 130 apply oppositely directed pressing forces to the battery modules, respectively, in the axial direction of the battery modules, thereby fixing the battery modules in the axial direction thereof.

Referring to fig. 6, in the present application, one end of the first fixing member 110 is connected to any one of the fixed end plates 130, and the other end thereof abuts against the other fixed end plate 130. Meanwhile, two ends of the second fixing member 120 are detachably connected to the two fixing end plates 130, respectively, so that the two fixing end plates 130 are used to fix the axial direction of the battery module.

Referring to fig. 9 and 10, the fixing module further includes a first fastening member 161, a second fastening member 162, and a connecting arm 163, wherein the first fastening member 161 is detachably connected to an end surface of the second fixing member 120, the second fastening member 162 is detachably connected to a surface of the fixing end plate 130, one end of the connecting arm 163 is connected to the first fastening member 161, and the other end thereof is connected to the second fastening member 162, so that the second fixing member 120 and the fixing end plate 130 can be fixed relative to each other by the first fastening member 161, the second fastening member 162, and the connecting arm 163.

Referring to fig. 9 and 10, a first fastening member 161 is inserted through one end of the connecting arm 163 and fixed to an end surface of the second fixing member 120, and then a second fastening member 162 is inserted through the other end of the connecting arm 163 and fixed to the fixed end plate 130, and the first fastening member 161 and the second fastening member 162 are preferably fastening bolts in this application. When the first fastening member 161 and the second fastening member 162 are fixed by the connection arm 163, respectively, the degree of freedom between the second fixing member 120 and the fixed end plate 130 is restricted to achieve the axial restriction of the battery module. Similarly, when the locking between the second fixing member 120 and the fixed end plate 130 needs to be released, the first fastening member 161 and the second fastening member 162 need to be removed, respectively, to separate the second fixing member 120 from the fixed end plate 130.

Referring to fig. 3 and 5, the first tube 710 of the first fluid end 700 includes an extended end 711 and an insertion end, wherein the insertion end is located inside the first fixing member 110, and the extended end 711 is a portion of the first fixing member 110 extending to the outside of the fixing end plate 130.

Referring to fig. 1 and 6, the fixing module further includes a third fixing element 140, the first fixing element 110 is a cylindrical structure, the third fixing element 140 is located inside the first fixing element 110, and a central axis of the third fixing element 140 coincides with a central axis of the first fixing element 110. One end of the third fixing member 140 is connected to any one of the fixing end plates 130 to achieve the fixation of the third fixing member 140 with respect to the battery module.

Referring to fig. 3, 6 and 11, the third fixing member 140 is provided with more than two clamping grooves 141 along the axial direction thereof, a portion of any one of the first conduits 710 may be embedded in one clamping groove 141, and the number of the fluid passages is the same as that of the clamping grooves 141, so that the first conduits 710 correspond to the clamping grooves 141 one to one. The locking grooves 141 are uniformly formed along the circumferential direction of the third fixing member 140, so that the first pipes 710 are correspondingly mounted inside the locking grooves 141. In addition, along the radial cross section of the third fixing member 140, the inner wall of the clamping groove 141 is arc-shaped to increase the contact area of the first pipe 710 and the clamping groove 141; meanwhile, the opening depth of the locking groove 141 is greater than or equal to the radius of the first pipe 710, so as to ensure the stability of the first pipe 710 inserted into the locking groove 141.

Referring to fig. 3 and 5, the fixing module further includes a fixing ring 150, and the fixing ring 150 may be sleeved to the outside of the extending end 711 of all the first pipes 710.

Referring to fig. 1 to 11, the fuel cell is prepared as follows:

firstly, the bipolar plate in the single fuel cell is curled into a cylindrical structure with a spiral radial cross section to obtain the bipolar plate 600 in the application, then a planar current collecting plate is curled into a connecting current collecting plate 500 with a spiral radial cross section, and the connecting current collecting plate 500 is attached to the bipolar plate 600, so that the surface of the connecting current collecting plate 500 is correspondingly attached to the surface of the bipolar plate 600.

Three fluid lines are prepared for transporting air, hydrogen and coolant, respectively. Connecting one end of the first fluid channel 720 to a sidewall of the first channel 710, thereby obtaining a first fluid end 700; a straight section 821 of a second fluid is connected to a sidewall of the second conduit 810, thereby obtaining a second fluid end 800.

A fixed end plate 130 is fixed to the second fixing member 120 by the first and

second fasteners

161 and 162 and the connecting arm 163, and then the inner header 400 is inserted between the bipolar plate 600 and the first fixing member 110 such that the first and

second slots

410 and 111 correspond to each other, and at this time, the inner header 400 is connected to one end of the connection header 500. Meanwhile, the outer header 200 is inserted between the bipolar plate 600 and the second fixing member 120, so that the third and

fourth tanks

210 and 121 correspond to each other, and at this time, the outer header 200 is connected to the other end of the connection header 500.

The first pipe 710 is inserted into the first fixing member 110 and sequentially fixed to the catching groove 141 of the third fixing member 140, while the end of the first flow channel 720 is inserted through the second and

first grooves

111 and 410 and connected to the inner edge of the bipolar plate 600. The second pipe 810 is inserted into the fourth groove 121 of the second fixture 120, and the bent section 822 of the second flow channel 820 passes through the fourth groove 121 and the third groove 210 and is connected to the outer edge of the bipolar plate 600.

The other fixing end plate 130 is fixed to the end of the second fixing member 120 using the first and

second fasteners

161 and 162 and the connecting arm 163, and then the fixing ring 150 is fitted to the extended end 711 of the first duct 710.

Referring to fig. 1 to 11, in the present application, since the bipolar plate 600 and the connection header 500 are both in a spiral structure, the first fluid end 700 is connected to only the inner edge of the bipolar plate 600, and the second fluid end 800 is connected to only the outer edge of the bipolar plate 600, so that the connection between the inner and outer edges of the bipolar plate 600 is a distribution region, and the first fluid end 700 and the second fluid end 800 can serve as extensions of the distribution region, so that the distribution region in the cell module occupies only a small area of the bipolar plate 600, thereby greatly increasing the area ratio of the electrochemical reaction region in the bipolar plate 600.

When the radial size of the bipolar plate 600 is increased, the area of the distribution region in the bipolar plate 600 is not changed, so that the occupation ratio of the effective electrochemical reaction space in the bipolar plate 600 is further increased, and thus a small-sized high-power fuel cell can be realized.

The two ends of the connection collecting plate 500 are respectively connected to the outer collecting plate 200 and the inner collecting plate 400, and when external pressure acts on the inner collecting plate 400 and the outer collecting plate 200, the outer collecting plate 200 and the inner collecting plate 400 transmit acting force to the bipolar plate 600 through the connection collecting plate 500, so that the pressure borne by the bipolar plate 600 is uniformly distributed.

The foregoing provides a detailed description of the present application, which uses specific examples to explain the principles and implementations of the present application, and the above descriptions are merely provided to facilitate understanding of the methods and their core concepts; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

Claims

1. A fuel cell, characterized by comprising:

the bipolar plate is columnar, and the radial cross section of the bipolar plate is spiral;

the connecting collecting plate is columnar, the radial cross section of the connecting collecting plate is spiral, and the surface of the connecting collecting plate is correspondingly attached to the surface of the bipolar plate;

an outer header plate located outside the bipolar plate and connected to one end of the connection header plate;

an inner header plate positioned inside the bipolar plate and connected to the other end of the connection header plate;

two or more fluid channels, each of the fluid channels comprising a first fluid end and a second fluid end; the first fluid end and the second fluid end are respectively communicated to the inner side and the outer side of the bipolar plate; and

a stationary module, the stationary module comprising:

the first fixing piece is abutted to the inner side wall of the inner collecting plate; and

the second fixing piece is abutted to the outer side wall of the outer collecting plate;

the first fixing piece and the second fixing piece respectively extrude the inner collecting plate and the outer collecting plate, so that two ends of the connecting collecting plate are respectively connected to the inner collecting plate and the outer collecting plate;

the inner collecting plate comprises more than two first groove bodies, and the first groove bodies are distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner collecting plate and are arranged along the axial direction of the inner collecting plate;

the first fixing piece comprises more than two second groove bodies, and the second groove bodies are distributed corresponding to the first groove bodies;

the first fluid end sequentially penetrates through the second groove body and the first groove body and is communicated to the inner side wall of the bipolar plate.

2. The fuel cell of claim 1, wherein each of the first fluid ends comprises:

a first duct disposed inside the inner header plate; and

a first flow path which is planar or curved; one end of the first flow channel is communicated to the side wall of the first pipeline, and the other end of the first flow channel is communicated to the bipolar plate in a tangent mode.

3. The fuel cell of claim 1, wherein each of the second fluid ends comprises:

a second duct disposed outside the outer header plate; and

a second flow passage which is planar or curved; one end of the second flow channel is communicated to the side wall of the second pipeline, and the other end of the second flow channel is communicated to the bipolar plate in a tangent mode.

4. The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the fluid channels are evenly distributed along a circumference of the bipolar plate.

5. The fuel cell according to claim 1,

the outer collecting plate comprises more than two third groove bodies, and the third groove bodies are distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer collecting plate and are arranged along the axial direction of the outer collecting plate;

the second fixing piece comprises more than two fourth groove bodies, and the fourth groove bodies are planar or curved and distributed corresponding to the third groove bodies;

the second fluid end sequentially penetrates through the fourth groove body and the third groove body and is communicated to the outer side wall of the bipolar plate.

6. The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the fixing module further comprises:

two fixed end plates connected to both end portions of the second fixing member, respectively;

wherein the ends of the bipolar plate, the outer header plate, the inner header plate and the connecting header plate are all abutted to the fixed end plate.

7. The fuel cell according to claim 6, wherein the fixing module further comprises:

a first fastener detachably attached to an end surface of the second fixing member;

a second fastener removably coupled to a surface of the fixed endplate; and

a connecting arm having one end connected to the first fastener and the other end connected to the second fastener.

8. The fuel cell according to claim 6, wherein the fixing module further comprises:

the third fixing piece is columnar and is arranged in the first fixing piece, and one end of the third fixing piece is connected to any one fixing end plate;

the third fixing part is provided with more than two clamping grooves along the axial direction, part of any first fluid end is embedded into one clamping groove, and part of the first fluid end can penetrate through one fixing end plate to extend out.

9. The fuel cell according to claim 6, wherein the fixing module further comprises:

the first fluid end comprises an extending end penetrating out of the fixed end plate, and the fixing ring is sleeved outside the extending end.

10. The fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising:

and the sealing ring is coated on the outer side wall of the outer collecting plate.