CN109494385B - Single cell of cross-shaped flow field and proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack structure - Google Patents
Single cell of cross-shaped flow field and proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN109494385B CN109494385B CN201811493600.0A CN201811493600A CN109494385B CN 109494385 B CN109494385 B CN 109494385B CN 201811493600 A CN201811493600 A CN 201811493600A CN 109494385 B CN109494385 B CN 109494385B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
- H01M8/0263—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant having meandering or serpentine paths
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/0273—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes with sealing or supporting means in the form of a frame
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2457—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a crossed cathode flow field plate, wherein one side of the cathode flow field plate is provided with two parallel crossed flow channels A and B and a hollowed groove, the crossed flow channels A, the crossed flow channels B and the hollowed groove are respectively separated by a cathode flow channel shoulder, and the cathode flow field plate is provided with a cathode flow field plate air inlet A communicated with the crossed flow channels A, a cathode flow field plate air inlet B communicated with the crossed flow channels B, a cathode flow field plate hydrogen inlet and a cathode flow field plate hydrogen outlet. The invention also discloses a single cell structure of the crossed flow field and a proton exchange fuel cell stack structure of the crossed flow field. The invention has the beneficial effects that: parallel cross channels and hollow grooves are designed on a cathode flow field plate of a single cell, so that reaction gas on the cathode side reaches the parallel cross channels through an air inlet on the cathode flow field plate and enters a membrane electrode for reaction, and residual air and water in the reaction process enter the hollow grooves in a forced convection mode through the junction of a cathode flow channel shoulder and the membrane electrode and are discharged out of the fuel cell through the through grooves.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a single cell of a crossed flow field and a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack structure.
Background
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells are electrochemical power generation devices that directly convert the chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy, with the final primary reaction product being water. Today, with the growing shortage of environmental pollution and energy, fuel cells are expected to become alternative energy sources of fossil fuels due to the characteristics of environmental friendliness, high energy conversion efficiency and the like, and are increasingly paid more attention by governments of various countries.
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells are one of the most widely used and most studied fuel cell types today. In actual use, a plurality of single cells are stacked together in series, and finally, the internal structure is tightly assembled together by using end plates matched with fasteners (usually bolts). Each stage of single cell in the stack mainly comprises two bipolar plates, a membrane electrode, a gas diffusion layer, a catalyst layer and a sealing element. The bipolar plate of fuel cell generally adopts graphite plate or metal plate, and the flow field at two sides of bipolar plate is respectively the channel of oxidant (oxygen) and fuel (hydrogen) to ensure that oxidant and fuel can be uniformly distributed to every place of membrane electrode, and can produce reduction and oxidation reaction to produce current. During operation, a great amount of heat and reaction product water are generated by oxidation-reduction reaction generated inside the fuel cell, the performance and the service life of the fuel cell are directly affected by a hydrothermal management technology, and especially for operation of a large-scale fuel cell stack, improper hydrothermal management often causes remarkable reduction of the performance of the cell and even breakdown of the whole cell system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a single cell with a compact structure and a high drainage efficiency crossed flow field and a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack structure aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a cross-type cathode flow field plate is characterized in that one side of the cathode flow field plate is provided with two parallel cross flow channels A, two parallel cross flow channels B and a hollow groove, the cross flow channels A, the cross flow channels B and the hollow groove are separated through cathode flow channel shoulders respectively, and a cathode flow field plate air inlet A communicated with the cross flow channels A, a cathode flow field plate air inlet B communicated with the cross flow channels B, a cathode flow field plate hydrogen inlet and a cathode flow field plate hydrogen outlet are formed in the cathode flow field plate.
According to the scheme, the other side of the cathode flow field plate is provided with a through groove communicated with the hollow groove.
According to the scheme, the blower is arranged on the outer side of the through groove.
According to the scheme, the cross flow channel A comprises a transverse flow channel A and a plurality of longitudinal flow channels A; the cross flow channel B comprises a transverse flow channel B and a plurality of longitudinal flow channels B, and the longitudinal flow channels A are communicated with the transverse flow channels A and extend from the transverse flow channels A to the transverse flow channels B; the longitudinal flow channel B is communicated with the transverse flow channel B and extends from the transverse flow channel B to the transverse flow channel A.
According to the scheme, the hollow groove is of a serpentine structure integrally and comprises a plurality of longitudinal flow channels C which are arranged at intervals and communicated in sequence, and the longitudinal flow channel B/the longitudinal flow channel A, the cathode flow channel shoulder 34, the longitudinal flow channel C and the longitudinal flow channel A/the longitudinal flow channel B are arranged in sequence.
The invention also provides a single cell structure of the crossed flow field, which comprises the cathode flow field plate, a cathode inner gasket, a membrane electrode, an anode inner gasket and an anode flow field plate which are sequentially assembled; the reacted air enters the cathode flow field plate cross flow channel through the cathode flow field plate air inlet and then enters the membrane electrode from the cathode flow field plate cross flow channel to carry out electrochemical reaction; the air left after the reaction enters the hollow grooves through the lower part of the flow channel shoulder of the cathode flow field plate and then enters the through grooves of the cathode flow field plate from the hollow grooves to be discharged to the outside of the battery; the reacted hydrogen enters the serpentine flow channel of the anode flow field plate through the hydrogen inlet of the anode flow field plate and then enters the membrane electrode from the serpentine flow channel of the anode flow field plate to carry out electrochemical reaction; the residual hydrogen after reaction passes through the anode inner gasket, the membrane electrode and the cathode inner gasket and is communicated with the hydrogen outlet of the cathode flow field plate.
The invention also provides a proton exchange fuel cell stack structure with a crossed flow field, which comprises a cathode end plate, a cathode sealing ring, a plurality of monocell structures, an anode sealing ring and an anode end plate which are sequentially connected in series, wherein the cathode end plate, the cathode sealing ring and the anode end plate are assembled into a whole in an overlapping mode.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. parallel cross runners and hollow grooves are designed on a cathode flow field plate of a single cell, so that reaction gas on the cathode side reaches the parallel cross runners through an air inlet on the cathode flow field plate and enters a membrane electrode for reaction, and residual air and water in the reaction process enter the hollow grooves in a forced convection mode through the junction of a cathode flow shoulder and the membrane electrode and are discharged out of a fuel cell stack through the through grooves, so that the drainage efficiency is high;
2. according to the invention, the blower is arranged outside the through groove, air is blown into the through groove of the cathode flow field plate from one side surface of the cathode flow field plate and is discharged from the other side surface of the cathode flow field plate by using an external air blowing mode, and the air blowing mode can not only accelerate the rapid discharge of water in the flow field plate and improve the water management performance of a fuel cell stack, but also rapidly carry out heat in the fuel cell, thereby realizing the thermal management of the fuel cell;
3. the flow field plate is made of metal materials, and a cathode flow field plate and an anode flow field plate between every two adjacent monocells in the galvanic pile are connected together in a pressure welding mode, so that the flow field structures of the cathode and the anode of the fuel cell can be designed independently and do not affect each other;
4. the flow field plate has a simple overall structure and is convenient to process; the water management structure has the advantages of compact integral structure and strong practicability, can be widely applied to fuel cell stacks of various specifications, and can effectively improve the structural design of water heat management performance in the fuel cell stacks.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a PEM fuel cell stack according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cathode terminal plate structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a cathode sealing ring according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a front view of a cathode flow field plate of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a rear view of the cathode flow field plate.
Fig. 6 is a top view of a cathode flow field plate.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the cathode inner gasket of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the membrane electrode structure of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the anode inner gasket of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of an anode flow field plate structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the connection structure of an anode flow field plate and a cathode flow field plate according to the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an anode sealing ring according to the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an anode terminal plate structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a side view of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack configuration in accordance with the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a cathode end plate; 11. a cathode end plate air inlet; 12. a cathode end plate air inlet; 13. a cathode end plate hydrogen outlet; 2. a cathode seal ring; 21. a cathode seal ring air inlet; 22. a cathode seal ring air inlet; 23. a cathode seal ring hydrogen outlet; 3. a cathode flow field plate; 31. parallel cross flow channels; 32. parallel cross flow channels; 33. hollowing out a groove; 34. a cathode flowpath shoulder; 35. a cathode flow field plate air inlet; 36. a cathode flow field plate air inlet; 37. a through groove; 38. a cathode flow field plate hydrogen outlet; 39. a cathode flow field plate hydrogen inlet; 4. a cathode inner gasket; 41. cathode inner gasket air inlet a; 42. cathode inner gasket air inlet B; 43. a cathode inner gasket hydrogen outlet; 44. a cathode inner gasket hydrogen inlet; 5. a membrane electrode; 51. membrane electrode air inlet A; 52. membrane electrode air inlet B; 53. a hydrogen outlet of the membrane electrode; 54. a membrane electrode hydrogen inlet; 6. an anode inner gasket; 61. an anode inner gasket air inlet A; 62. an anode inner gasket air inlet B; 63. a hydrogen outlet of the anode inner gasket; 64. an anode inner gasket hydrogen inlet; 7. an anode flow field plate; 71. a serpentine flow channel; 72. an anode flow field plate hydrogen inlet; 73. an anode flow field plate air inlet A; 74. an anode flow field plate air inlet B; 75. an anode flow field plate hydrogen outlet; 8. an anode sealing ring; 81. an anode sealing ring hydrogen inlet; 9. an anode end plate; 91. anode end plate hydrogen inlet.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 14, a pem fuel cell stack structure with a cross flow field comprises a cathode end plate 1, a cathode sealing ring 2, a plurality of single cell structures (in this embodiment, single cell No. 1, single cell No. 2, and single cell No. …, cell No. N) connected in series in sequence, an anode sealing ring 8 and an anode end plate 9, which are stacked and assembled together, wherein each single cell structure comprises a cathode flow field plate 3, a cathode inner gasket 4, a membrane electrode 5, an anode inner gasket 6, and an anode flow field plate 7, wherein the cathode flow field plate 3 is a cross flow field plate; in two adjacent single cell structures, the anode flow field plate 7 of one single cell structure is connected with the cathode flow field plate 3 of the other single cell structure, and the anode flow field plate 7 connected with the cathode flow field plate 3 is correspondingly provided with a pipeline communicated with air and hydrogen. The capacity expansion of the fuel cell stack is realized by changing the number of the single cells which are sequentially overlapped.
As shown in fig. 2, three through holes are formed in the cathode end plate 1 as a cathode end plate air inlet a11, a cathode end plate air inlet B12, and a cathode end plate hydrogen outlet 13. As shown in fig. 3, the cathode gasket 2 is provided with three through holes, which are respectively a cathode gasket air inlet a21, a cathode gasket air inlet B22 and a cathode gasket hydrogen outlet 23, and the positions of the cathode gasket air inlet a21, the cathode gasket air inlet B22 and the cathode gasket hydrogen outlet 23 respectively correspond to the positions of the cathode end plate air inlet a11, the cathode end plate air inlet B12 and the cathode end plate hydrogen outlet 13. The cathode gasket 2 prevents gas from leaking during the transfer between the cathode end plate 1 and the cell.
As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the cathode flow field plate 3 of cell No. 1 is a cross-type cathode flow field plate, one side of which is provided with two parallel cross flow channels a31 and B32, and a hollow groove 33, the cross flow channels a31, B32 and the hollow groove 33 are separated by a cathode flow channel shoulder 34, the cathode flow field plate 3 is provided with a cathode flow field plate air inlet a35 communicated with the cross flow channel a31, a cathode flow field plate air inlet B36 communicated with the cross flow channel B32, and a cathode flow field plate hydrogen outlet 13, and the cathode flow field plate air inlet a35, the cathode flow field plate air inlet B36 and the cathode flow field plate hydrogen outlet 38 are respectively arranged corresponding to the end plate air inlet a11, the end plate air inlet B12 and the end plate hydrogen outlet 13. Preferably, a through slot 37 is provided on the other side of the cathode flow field plate 3 in communication with the hollowed-out groove 33 as a drain channel for reaction residual air and product water and an air cooling channel. Preferably, a blower is disposed outside the through groove 37.
Preferably, the cross flow passage a31 includes a transverse flow passage a and a plurality of longitudinal flow passages a; the cross flow passage B32 comprises a transverse flow passage B and a plurality of longitudinal flow passages B, and the longitudinal flow passages A are communicated with the transverse flow passage A and extend from the transverse flow passage A to the transverse flow passage B; the longitudinal flow channel B is communicated with the transverse flow channel B and extends from the transverse flow channel B to the transverse flow channel A. Preferably, the hollow groove 33 is of a serpentine structure as a whole, and includes a plurality of longitudinal flow channels C arranged at intervals and sequentially communicated with each other, and the longitudinal flow channel B/the longitudinal flow channel a, the cathode flow channel shoulder 34, the longitudinal flow channel C, and the longitudinal flow channel a/the longitudinal flow channel B are sequentially arranged.
As shown in fig. 7, in the single cell No. 1, the cathode inner gasket 4 is provided with a cathode inner gasket air inlet a41, a cathode inner gasket air inlet B42, and a cathode inner gasket hydrogen outlet a43, and the cathode inner gasket air inlet a41, the cathode inner gasket air inlet B42, and the cathode inner gasket hydrogen outlet a43 are provided corresponding to the end plate air inlet a11, the end plate air inlet B12, and the end plate hydrogen outlet 13, respectively.
As shown in fig. 8, in the unit cell No. 1, the membrane electrode 5 is provided with a membrane electrode air inlet a51, a membrane electrode air inlet B52, and a membrane electrode hydrogen outlet 53, and the membrane electrode air inlet a51, the membrane electrode air inlet B52, and the membrane electrode hydrogen outlet 53 are provided corresponding to the end plate air inlet a11, the end plate air inlet B12, and the end plate hydrogen outlet 13, respectively.
As shown in fig. 9, in the single cell No. 1, the anode inner gasket 6 is provided with an anode inner gasket air inlet a61, an anode inner gasket air inlet B62, and an anode inner gasket hydrogen outlet 63, and the anode inner gasket air inlet a61, the anode inner gasket air inlet B62, and the anode inner gasket hydrogen outlet 63 are provided corresponding to the end plate air inlet a11, the end plate air inlet B12, and the end plate hydrogen outlet 13, respectively.
As shown in fig. 10, a serpentine flow channel a71 is formed on one side surface of the anode flow field plate 7 as a flow channel of hydrogen, an anode flow channel plate hydrogen inlet 72 communicated with the serpentine flow channel a71, an anode flow channel plate air inlet a73, an anode flow channel plate air inlet B74 and an anode flow channel plate hydrogen outlet a75 are formed on the anode flow field plate 7, and the anode flow channel plate air inlet a73, the anode flow channel plate air inlet B74 and the anode flow channel plate hydrogen outlet a75 are respectively arranged corresponding to the end plate air inlet a11, the end plate air inlet B12 and the end plate hydrogen outlet 13.
As shown in fig. 11, in cell 1, the surface of the anode flow field plate 7 without flow channels and the surface of the cathode flow field plate 3 with the through grooves 37 of cell 2 are connected together by pressure welding, and so on, the surface of the anode flow field plate 7 without flow channels and the surface of the cathode flow field plate 3 with the through grooves of cell N-1 are connected together by pressure welding. Through the connection mode, the sequential superposition of a plurality of single cells in the fuel cell stack is realized.
As shown in fig. 12, the anode gasket hydrogen inlet 81 is provided in the anode gasket 8, and the anode gasket hydrogen inlet 81 is provided corresponding to the anode flow field plate hydrogen inlet 72 in the cell a. The anode seal ring 8 prevents gas from leaking during the transfer between the anode end plate and the cell N number.
As shown in fig. 13, an anode end plate hydrogen inlet 91 is formed in the anode end plate 9, and the anode end plate hydrogen inlet 91 is provided to correspond to the anode gasket hydrogen inlet 81.
In the present invention, in each of the unit cells No. 2 to No. N, a cathode flow field plate hydrogen inlet 39 is provided in addition to the cathode flow field plate air inlet a35, the cathode flow field plate air inlet B36, and the cathode flow field plate hydrogen outlet 38, and the other configurations of the remaining unit cells are the same as those of the cathode flow field plate 3 in the unit cell No. 1. In the unit cells No. 2 to No. N-1, the arrangement of each anode flow field plate 7 is identical to that on the anode flow field plate 7 in the unit cell No. 1. The anode flow field plate 7 in cell N has the anode flow field plate hydrogen inlet 72, no air inlets a and B, and no hydrogen outlet, and the other configurations are the same as those of the anode flow field plate 7 in cell 1.
In the present invention, in each of unit cells No. 2 to No. 1, the cathode inner gasket 4 is provided with the cathode inner gasket hydrogen inlet 44 in addition to the cathode inner gasket air inlet a41, the cathode inner gasket air inlet B42, and the cathode inner gasket hydrogen outlet 43, and the cathode inner gasket 4 of the unit cell No. N is provided with the cathode inner gasket hydrogen inlet a44 and the cathode inner gasket hydrogen outlet 43, and the cathode inner gasket air inlet a41, the cathode inner gasket 42 are absent, and the other configurations of the cathode inner gasket 4 of the remaining unit cells are the same as those of the cathode inner gasket 4 of the unit cell No. a. In the unit cells No. 2 to No. 1, each membrane electrode is provided with a membrane electrode hydrogen inlet 54 in addition to a membrane electrode air inlet a51, a membrane electrode air inlet B52 and a membrane electrode hydrogen outlet 53, the membrane electrode in the unit cell No. N is provided with a membrane electrode hydrogen inlet 54 and a membrane electrode hydrogen outlet 53, a membrane electrode-free air inlet a51 and a membrane electrode air inlet B52, and the membrane electrode 5 of the rest of the unit cells is configured in the same way as the membrane electrode 5 in the unit cell No. 1. In the monocells No. 2 to No. N-1, an anode inner gasket air inlet 61, an anode inner gasket 62, an anode inner gasket hydrogen outlet 63 and an anode inner gasket hydrogen inlet 64 are arranged on the anode inner gasket 6; the anode inner gasket 6 in the unit cell N number is provided with an anode inner gasket hydrogen inlet 64 and an anode inner gasket hydrogen outlet 63, an anode-free inner gasket air inlet a61 and an anode inner gasket air inlet B62, and the arrangement of the anode inner gaskets 6 of the remaining unit cells is the same as that of the anode inner gasket 6 in the unit cell 1 number. In the unit cells No. 2 to No. N-1, the arrangement of the anode flow field plate 7 is the same as that of the anode flow field plate 7 in the unit cell No. 1; in cell N, the anode flow field plate 7 is provided with an anode flow field plate hydrogen inlet 72, an anodeless flow field plate air inlet a73, an anode flow field plate air inlet B74, and an anode flow field plate hydrogen outlet 75, and the other configurations are the same as those of the anode flow field plate 7 in cell 1.
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack structure comprises a cathode end plate 1, a cathode sealing ring 2, a plurality of monocell structures, an anode sealing ring 8 and an anode end plate 9 which are sequentially connected in series, wherein the cathode end plate 1, the cathode sealing ring 2, the monocell structures, the anode sealing ring 8 and the anode end plate 9 are assembled in an overlapping mode, in every two adjacent monocell structures, an anode flow field plate 7 of one monocell structure is connected with a cathode flow field plate 3 of the other monocell structure, and pipelines for communicating air and hydrogen are correspondingly arranged on the anode flow field plate 7 connected with the cathode flow field plate 3. The operating principle of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack structure is as follows:
1. cathode side
The air of the cathode side reaction gas reaches the cross flow channel A31 and the cross flow channel B32 through the cathode end plate 1, the cathode sealing ring 2 and the cathode flow field plate air inlet A35 and the cathode flow field plate air inlet B36 on the cathode flow field plate 3 in the single cell No. 1 adjacent to the cathode end plate, and then enters the membrane electrode 5 for electrochemical reaction; part of air and product water left after the reaction pass through the junction of the cathode runner shoulder 34 and the membrane electrode 5, enter the hollow groove 33 in a forced convection mode, and are discharged to the outside of the fuel cell stack through the through groove 37, so that the water flooding inside the fuel cell stack is prevented, and the water management of the fuel cell stack is realized; the other part of the residual air enters the two air inlets on the cathode flow field plate 3 of the next single cell (namely, the single cell No. 2) after passing through the cathode inner gasket 4, the membrane electrode 5, the anode inner gasket 6 and the anode flow field plate 7, then enters the two cross flow channels of the cathode flow field plate and reaches the membrane electrode 5 to continue the electrochemical reaction, except the residual air discharged to the outside of the cell, the residual air circulates and reciprocates in the same way until reaching the single cell (namely, the single cell No. N) adjacent to the anode end plate 9, and all the residual air and product water reacted in the single cell adjacent to the anode end plate 9 pass through the junction of the cathode flow channel shoulder 34 and the membrane electrode 5, enter the hollow groove 33 in a forced convection way and are discharged to the outside of the fuel cell stack through the through groove 37.
2. Anode side
The reaction gas hydrogen on the anode side reaches the serpentine flow channel 71 through the anode end plate 9, the anode sealing ring 8 and the anode flow field plate hydrogen inlet 72 on the anode flow field plate 7 in the single cell N number adjacent to the anode end plate, and then enters the membrane electrode 5 for electrochemical reaction; part of the residual hydrogen reacted in the single cell N enters the anode flow field plate hydrogen outlet 75 of the next single cell (namely, the single cell N-1) after passing through the anode inner gasket hydrogen outlet 63, the membrane electrode hydrogen outlet 53, the cathode inner gasket hydrogen outlet 43 and the cathode flow field plate hydrogen outlet 38, and is sequentially circulated and repeatedly discharged to the outside of the fuel cell; the other part of the residual hydrogen reacted in the single cell N enters the anode flow field plate hydrogen inlet 72 of the next single cell (namely, the single cell N-1) after passing through the anode inner gasket hydrogen inlet 64, the membrane electrode hydrogen inlet 54, the cathode inner gasket hydrogen inlet 44 and the cathode flow field plate hydrogen inlet 39, then enters the anode flow field plate serpentine flow channel 71 to reach the membrane electrode 5 for continuing the electrochemical reaction, the rest of the residual hydrogen circulates in the way until reaching the single cell (namely, the single cell 1) adjacent to the cathode end plate 1 except the residual hydrogen discharged to the outside of the cell, and all the residual hydrogen reacted in the single cell adjacent to the cathode end plate 1 is discharged to the outside of the cell stack through the cathode sealing ring 2 and the cathode end plate 1.
In addition, air is purged into the through groove 37 from one side of the through groove 37 on the cathode flow field plate 3 by using a device such as an externally-arranged blower, so that water in the through groove 37 can be rapidly purged out of the stack; on the other hand, the air flow speed in the through groove 37 can be accelerated, so that the heat in the fuel cell stack can be taken out quickly, the cooling speed of the fuel cell stack is accelerated, and the water heat management of the fuel cell stack is realized.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications can be made to the technical solutions described in the above-mentioned embodiments, or equivalent substitutions of some technical features, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A cross-type cathode flow field plate is characterized in that one side of the cathode flow field plate is provided with two parallel cross flow channels A and B and a hollowed groove, the cross flow channels A, the cross flow channels B and the hollowed groove are respectively separated by a cathode flow channel shoulder, and a cathode flow field plate air inlet A communicated with the cross flow channels A, a cathode flow field plate air inlet B communicated with the cross flow channels B, a cathode flow field plate hydrogen inlet and a cathode flow field plate hydrogen outlet are formed in the cathode flow field plate; and a through groove communicated with the hollowed-out groove is formed in the other side of the cathode flow field plate.
2. A interdigitated cathode flow field plate according to claim 1, in which a blower is provided outside the through slots.
3. The crossed cathode flow field plate according to claim 1, wherein the crossed flow channels a comprise one transverse flow channel a and a plurality of longitudinal flow channels a; the cross flow channel B comprises a transverse flow channel B and a plurality of longitudinal flow channels B, and the longitudinal flow channels A are communicated with the transverse flow channels A and extend from the transverse flow channels A to the transverse flow channels B; the longitudinal flow channel B is communicated with the transverse flow channel B and extends from the transverse flow channel B to the transverse flow channel A.
4. The cross-shaped cathode flow field plate according to claim 3, wherein the hollowed-out grooves are of a serpentine structure as a whole, and comprise a plurality of longitudinal flow channels C which are arranged at intervals and are sequentially communicated, and the longitudinal flow channels B/A, the cathode flow channel shoulders, the longitudinal flow channels C, the cathode flow channel shoulders and the longitudinal flow channels A/B are sequentially arranged.
5. A single cell structure of a crossed flow field is characterized by comprising a cathode flow field plate as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, a cathode inner gasket, a membrane electrode, an anode inner gasket and an anode flow field plate which are assembled in sequence; the reacted air enters the cathode flow field plate cross flow channel through the cathode flow field plate air inlet and then enters the membrane electrode from the cathode flow field plate cross flow channel to carry out electrochemical reaction; the air left after the reaction enters the hollow grooves through the lower part of the flow channel shoulder of the cathode flow field plate and then enters the through grooves of the cathode flow field plate from the hollow grooves to be discharged to the outside of the battery; the reacted hydrogen enters the serpentine flow channel of the anode flow field plate through the hydrogen inlet of the anode flow field plate and then enters the membrane electrode from the serpentine flow channel of the anode flow field plate to carry out electrochemical reaction; the residual hydrogen after reaction passes through the anode inner gasket, the membrane electrode and the cathode inner gasket and is communicated with the hydrogen outlet of the cathode flow field plate.
6. A proton exchange fuel cell stack structure with a crossed flow field is characterized by comprising a cathode end plate, a cathode sealing ring, a plurality of single cell structures, an anode sealing ring and an anode end plate which are assembled into a whole in an overlapping mode, wherein the single cell structures, the anode sealing ring and the anode end plate are sequentially connected in series, in two adjacent single cell structures, an anode flow field plate of one single cell structure is connected with a cathode flow field plate of the other single cell structure, and pipelines for communicating air and hydrogen are correspondingly arranged on the anode flow field plate connected with the cathode flow field plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811493600.0A CN109494385B (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2018-12-07 | Single cell of cross-shaped flow field and proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811493600.0A CN109494385B (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2018-12-07 | Single cell of cross-shaped flow field and proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack structure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109494385A CN109494385A (en) | 2019-03-19 |
| CN109494385B true CN109494385B (en) | 2022-03-01 |
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| CN111640959B (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2021-06-29 | 浙江锋源氢能科技有限公司 | Single cell assembly and fuel cell stack |
| CN114865006B (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2024-06-21 | 重庆邮电大学 | Hydrogen fuel cell with crossed hydrogen channel structure |
| CN115241514B (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2024-08-16 | 中南大学 | Solid oxide fuel cell/electrolytic cell pile and hydrogen production method |
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| US5641586A (en) * | 1995-12-06 | 1997-06-24 | The Regents Of The University Of California Office Of Technology Transfer | Fuel cell with interdigitated porous flow-field |
| US7838168B2 (en) * | 2006-08-24 | 2010-11-23 | Salter L Carlton | Functionally integrated hydrogen fuel cell |
| CN101034749A (en) * | 2007-04-11 | 2007-09-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Direct carbinol fuel battery anode flow field board |
| CN101465435B (en) * | 2009-01-15 | 2010-11-03 | 上海交通大学 | Duel-electrode plate multi-channel hunting flow field structure for proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
| DE102013210542A1 (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2014-12-11 | Volkswagen Ag | Bipolar plate, fuel cell with such and motor vehicle with such a fuel cell |
| CN105244517B (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2018-01-02 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of flow field of Active Drainage dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
| CN105742667B (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2018-06-08 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of cathode flow field plate biomimetic features for improving fuel cell drainage performance |
| CN106602100B (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2023-05-12 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Novel fuel cell flow field plate |
| CN107968211B (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2020-12-01 | 武汉理工大学 | Flow field plate structure for proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
| CN107946610B (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2020-06-19 | 武汉理工大学 | Anode structure of fuel cell |
| CN108767304B (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2021-03-23 | 武汉理工大学 | Hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell stack with good water drainage |
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