CN214781535U

CN214781535U - Composting device for cold region households

Info

Publication number: CN214781535U
Application number: CN202120385261.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王忠江; 杨玉瑶; 于归源; 李哲; 李怡茗
Original assignee: Northeast Agricultural University
Current assignee: Northeast Agricultural University
Priority date: 2021-02-22
Filing date: 2021-02-22
Publication date: 2021-11-19
Anticipated expiration: 2031-02-22

Abstract

The utility model discloses a cold region household composting device belongs to fertilizer manufacturing technical field, it is equipped with the thermal insulation baffle in the heat preservation room, the thermal insulation baffle separates the heat preservation room for heat preservation district and preheating buffer area, install the compost jar body in the heat preservation district, install the mechanism of taking a breath among the thermal insulation baffle, the one end intercommunication preheating buffer area of the mechanism of taking a breath, the inner chamber of the other end UNICOM compost jar body, set up the tonifying qi mouth in intercommunication preheating buffer area and the gas vent in intercommunication heat preservation district on the thermal insulation wall body, be equipped with the mechanism of giving vent to anger on the compost jar body, the inner chamber of the one end intercommunication compost jar body of the mechanism of giving vent to anger, other end UNICOM gas vent. This device can satisfy the compost jar body to fresh air's demand, can make again can get into the compost jar body through the gas after preheating in the buffer area in advance, avoids because the temperature influence that the gas flow brought for the compost jar body and heat preservation district improves the heat preservation effect in heat preservation district, strengthens the fermentation quality of organic fertilizer, does benefit to the full play of fertilizer efficiency.

Description

Composting device for cold region households

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of fertilizer makes, concretely relates to cold region household composting device.

Background

The northeast land of China is a vast land for crop production, and the fertilizer can provide nutrient elements in the growth process of crops and is an essential raw material for crop growth. Common fertilizers for crops are generally divided into inorganic fertilizers and organic fertilizers, and the organic fertilizers are preferably selected due to the advantages of complete nutrients, lasting fertilizer effect, good soil improvement and fertilization effects and the like. Organic wastes generated in daily life of farmers cannot be collected and treated in time like cities, especially in northeast regions, because the average temperature all the year around is very low, the organic wastes are not effectively fermented into organic fertilizers in time to be fully utilized, and most of the organic wastes are directly discarded, so that not only is the waste of resources caused, but also the environment is seriously polluted.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that a cold region household composting device is provided, can ferment organic waste into organic fertilizer under the lower environment of temperature, realize rural organic waste's resourceization.

In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the utility model is that: the design is a compost device for cold region households, which comprises a heat preservation chamber, wherein the heat preservation chamber is formed by enclosing a heat preservation wall body and a light-transmitting heat preservation plate, and is characterized in that: the heat preservation chamber is internally provided with a heat preservation partition plate, the heat preservation partition plate divides the heat preservation chamber into a heat preservation area and a preheating buffer area, a composting tank body is arranged in the heat preservation area, part or all of the light-transmitting heat preservation plate is positioned on the preheating buffer area, an air replenishing mechanism is arranged in the heat preservation partition plate, one end of the air replenishing mechanism is communicated with the preheating buffer area, the other end of the air replenishing mechanism is communicated with the inner cavity of the composting tank body, an air replenishing port communicated with the preheating buffer area and an air exhaust port communicated with the heat preservation area are formed in the heat preservation wall body, an air outlet mechanism is arranged on the composting tank body, and one end of the air outlet mechanism is communicated with the inner cavity of the composting tank body and the other end of the air exhaust port is communicated with the air exhaust port.

Furthermore, a first pipe body penetrating through the composting tank body is fixed on the composting tank body, one end of the first pipe body is closed, the other end of the first pipe body is provided with an opening, the opening is communicated with the air supply mechanism, and an air inlet hole communicated with the inner cavity of the composting tank body is formed in the pipe wall of the first pipe body;

the air outlet mechanism is a second pipe body, the second pipe body penetrates through the compost tank body, an air outlet hole penetrating through the pipe wall is formed in the second pipe body, and the end portion of the second pipe body is communicated with the air outlet.

Furthermore, a support is arranged in the heat preservation area, the first pipe body is rotatably installed in the support, and the first pipe body is connected with the first motor.

Furthermore, the second pipe body and the first pipe body are arranged in the same direction.

Furthermore, a partition plate is arranged in the compost tank body, the partition plate divides an inner cavity of the compost tank body into more than two fermentation areas, and the fermentation areas are arranged along the axial direction of the first pipe body.

Further, the light-transmitting heat-insulating plate is covered with a heat-insulating curtain, the upper end of the heat-insulating curtain is connected with a winding shaft, the lower end of the heat-insulating curtain is in a suspension state, and the winding shaft is connected with a second motor.

Furthermore, the heat-insulation curtain also comprises a controller and a light detector, wherein the controller controls the heat-insulation curtain to be folded and unfolded according to signals of the light detector.

Further, still include the solar photovoltaic board, the battery is connected to the solar photovoltaic board, and the battery provides working power supply for second motor and controller.

Furthermore, the air supply mechanism comprises an air supply pipe connected with the opening of the first pipe body, and the air supply pipe is connected with a ventilation fan or a ventilation pump.

Furthermore, an air supply check valve is installed on the air supply port, and an exhaust check valve is arranged on the exhaust port.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

1. because the heat preservation partition plate divides the heat preservation chamber into the heat preservation area and the preheating buffer area, and the air supplementing opening communicated with the preheating buffer area and the air exhaust opening communicated with the heat preservation area are formed in the heat preservation wall body, the demand of the composting tank body for fresh air in the composting process can be met, and the gas preheated by the preheating buffer area can enter the composting tank body, so that the temperature influence on the composting tank body and the heat preservation area due to gas circulation is avoided, the heat preservation effect is improved, and the fermentation quality of the organic fertilizer is enhanced.

2. Because the first pipe body and the second pipe body which penetrate through the composting tank body are fixed on the composting tank body, on one hand, the first pipe body can be used as a rotating shaft, so that the composting tank body can rotate, and the second pipe body can play a role in stirring fermentation raw materials in the rotating process; on the other hand, the air can be uniformly fed and discharged, the contact surface of fresh air is increased, uniform fermentation is facilitated, and the fermentation quality is improved.

3. Because the inner cavity of the compost tank body is divided into more than two partition plates of the fermentation area by the partition plates, and the fermentation areas are distributed along the axial direction of the first pipe body, organic garbage input at different periods can be subjected to partition fermentation, so that the full fermentation is facilitated, the fermentation time is shortened as far as possible, and the partition utilization rate is improved.

4. Because the printing opacity heated board coats and is stamped the heat preservation curtain, the upper end of heat preservation curtain is connected the spool, the lower extreme is the state of dangling, and the second motor is connected to the spool, under the prerequisite that can improve the heat preservation effect, realizes rolling up electronic receipts and releases of curtain, uses manpower sparingly.

5. Because the controller controls the retraction of the heat preservation curtain according to the signal of the light detector, the roller shutter can be automatically retracted according to the natural light condition.

6. The utility model discloses can effectively improve the ambient temperature that the compost jar body is located under the prerequisite of natural environmental protection, do benefit to organic waste compost fermentation, be convenient for popularize and apply in this area.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a compost tank;

FIG. 3 is a view from the direction A of FIG. 2;

fig. 4 is an electrical schematic diagram of the present invention.

The labels in the figure are: 1. a heat-insulating wall body; 2. a light-transmitting insulation board; 3. a heat-insulating partition plate; 4. a heat preservation area; 5. preheating a buffer area; 6. a composting tank body; 7. a support; 8. a scavenging pump; 9. a reel; 10. a thermal insulation curtain; 11. a gas supplementing one-way valve; 12. an exhaust check valve; 13. a first pipe body; 14. a second tube body; 15. a partition plate; 16. a fermentation zone; 17. a solar photovoltaic panel; 18. a storage battery; 19. a first motor; 20. a second motor; 21. a controller; 22. a light detector; 23. and (4) tonifying the trachea.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4, the utility model discloses a heat preservation room is enclosed by thermal insulation wall 1 and printing opacity heated board 2, and the indoor thermal insulation baffle 3 that is equipped with keeps warm, and thermal insulation baffle 3 separates the heat preservation room for heat preservation district 4 and preheating

buffer area

5, and 2 parts of printing opacity heated board or whole are located preheating buffer area 5. A compost tank body 6 is arranged in the heat preservation area 4, a first pipe body 13 penetrating through the compost tank body 6 is fixed on the compost tank body 6, one end of the first pipe body 13 is closed, and the other end of the first pipe body is provided with an opening. An air inlet hole penetrating through the pipe wall is formed in the first pipe body 13, so that one end of the air inlet hole is communicated with the inner cavity of the composting tank body 6, and the other end of the air inlet hole is communicated with the middle cavity of the first pipe body 13. The composting tank body 6 is provided with three second pipe bodies 14 which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the first pipe body 13, so that the second pipe bodies 14 and the first pipe body 13 are arranged in the same direction. The second pipe body 14 penetrates through the compost tank body 6, and an air outlet hole penetrating through the pipe wall of the second pipe body 14 is formed in the second pipe body 14, so that one end of the air outlet hole is communicated with the inner cavity of the compost tank body 6, and the other end of the air outlet hole is communicated with the middle cavity of the second pipe body 14. The second tubular body 14 communicates with the holding area 4 outside the compost tank 6. Three partition plates 15 are arranged in the compost tank body 6, and the partition plates 15 divide the inner cavity of the compost tank body 6 into four fermentation areas 16 which are arranged along the axial direction of the first pipe body. The heat-preserving partition plate 3 is internally provided with a scavenging pump 8, one end of the scavenging pump 8 is communicated with the preheating buffer area 5, and the other end of the scavenging pump 8 is communicated with the opening of the first tube body 13 through an air supplementing tube 23, so that the air in the preheating buffer area 5 can be pumped into the composting tank body 6. An air supplementing port communicated with the preheating buffer area 5 is formed in the heat-insulating wall body 1, an air supplementing one-way valve 11 is installed on the air supplementing port, an air exhaust port communicated with the heat-insulating area 4 is further formed in the heat-insulating wall body 1, and an air exhaust one-way valve 12 is arranged on the air exhaust port.

In order to enable the fermentation in the compost tank body 6 to be more uniform, a support 7 is further arranged in the heat preservation area 4, two ends of a first pipe body 13 are rotatably arranged in the support 7, and the first pipe body 13 is connected with a first motor 19. The solar photovoltaic panel 17, the controller 21 and the light detector 22 are further arranged, the light-transmitting heat-insulating board 2 is covered with a heat-insulating curtain 10, the upper end of the heat-insulating curtain 10 is connected with the winding shaft 9, the lower end of the heat-insulating curtain is in a suspension state, and the winding shaft 9 is connected with the second motor 20. The controller 21 controls the operating state of the second motor 20 according to the signal of the light detector 22, so as to automatically retract and release the roller blind according to the intensity of light. The solar photovoltaic panel 17 is connected with a storage battery 18, and the storage battery 18 provides working power supply for the first motor 19, the second motor 20, the controller 21 and the scavenging pump 8.

The working process of the utility model is as follows:

farmers put organic garbage into the compost tank body 6, and the organic garbage is fermented in the compost tank body 6 at a higher temperature provided by the heat preservation area 4. In the fermentation process, sunlight irradiates the light-transmitting heat-insulating plate 2 to radiatively heat the gas in the preheating buffer area 5, the gas in the heat-insulating area 4 and the compost tank body 6, and the heat-insulating wall body 1 insulates heat of the heat-insulating area 4. At night or on cloudy days, the light detector 22 detects poor light, and the controller 21 controls the second motor 20 to lower the thermal insulation curtain 10, so as to reduce the heat loss in the preheating buffer area 5 and the thermal insulation area 4. In a sunny day, the light detector 22 detects good light, the controller 21 controls the second motor 20 to roll up the thermal insulation curtain 10, and sunlight penetrates through the light-transmitting thermal insulation board 2 to radiatively heat the preheating buffer area 5 and the thermal insulation area 4.

When the air exchange is carried out, the air exchange pump 8 is started, the air in the preheating buffer area 5 is forcibly introduced into the composting tank body 6 through the air supplement pipe 23 under the action of the air exchange pump 8, so that negative pressure is formed in the preheating buffer area 5, when enough pressure difference is formed between the preheating buffer area 5 and the outside, fresh cold air in the atmosphere enters the preheating buffer area 5 through the air supplement one-way valve 11, and sunlight heats the air in the air preheating buffer area 5 through heat radiation to provide high-temperature air for the composting tank body 6. The gas in the preheating buffer zone 5 is pressed into the compost tank body 6 through the first pipe body 13, so that the requirement of fermenting microorganisms in the compost tank body 6 is met. The waste gas in the compost tank body 6 is discharged through the second pipe body 14, and the discharged waste gas enters the heat preservation area 4 outside the compost tank body 6 and is finally discharged to the atmosphere through the exhaust check valve 12.

In the fermentation process, the first motor 19 can drive the compost tank body 6 to rotate through the first pipe body 13, so that rolling type mixing of materials is realized, and the three second pipe bodies 14 play roles in smashing and strengthening stirring, so that the fermented materials are mixed more uniformly, and the compost fermentation speed is increased.

In the above embodiment, a ventilation fan or the like may be used in addition to the ventilation pump 8 as the ventilation means, as long as the gas suction function can be achieved. But the ventilation pump structure has better effect of forced ventilation in the fermentation process, increases the contact surface of fermentation microorganisms and gas, and is beneficial to further improving the fermentation speed. A casing covering the compost tank body 6 can also be arranged in the heat preservation area 4 to collect the waste gas discharged from the second pipe body 14 and then discharge the waste gas through the exhaust check valve 12 in a centralized manner.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a cold region household composting device, includes the heat preservation room, and the heat preservation room is enclosed its characterized in that by heat preservation wall body and printing opacity heated board: the heat preservation chamber is internally provided with a heat preservation partition plate, the heat preservation partition plate divides the heat preservation chamber into a heat preservation area and a preheating buffer area, a composting tank body is arranged in the heat preservation area, part or all of the light-transmitting heat preservation plate is positioned on the preheating buffer area, an air replenishing mechanism is arranged in the heat preservation partition plate, one end of the air replenishing mechanism is communicated with the preheating buffer area, the other end of the air replenishing mechanism is communicated with the inner cavity of the composting tank body, an air replenishing port communicated with the preheating buffer area and an air exhaust port communicated with the heat preservation area are formed in the heat preservation wall body, an air outlet mechanism is arranged on the composting tank body, and one end of the air outlet mechanism is communicated with the inner cavity of the composting tank body and the other end of the air exhaust port is communicated with the air exhaust port.

2. A device for composting cold areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: a first pipe body penetrating through the composting tank body is fixed on the composting tank body, one end of the first pipe body is closed, the other end of the first pipe body is provided with an opening, the opening is communicated with the air supply mechanism, and an air inlet hole communicated with an inner cavity of the composting tank body is formed in the pipe wall of the first pipe body;

3. A device for composting cold areas as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the heat preservation area is provided with a support, the first pipe body is rotatably installed in the support, and the first pipe body is connected with a first motor.

4. A device for composting cold areas as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the second pipe body and the first pipe body are arranged in the same direction.

5. A device for composting cold areas as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: the composting tank is internally provided with a partition plate, the partition plate divides the inner cavity of the composting tank into more than two fermentation areas, and the fermentation areas are distributed along the axial direction of the first pipe body.

6. A device for composting cold areas as claimed in any of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the printing opacity heated board coats and is stamped the heat preservation curtain, and the upper end connection spool of heat preservation curtain, lower extreme are the state of dangling, and the second motor is connected to the spool.

7. A device for composting cold areas as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: the device also comprises a controller and a light detector, wherein the controller controls the thermal insulation curtain to be folded and unfolded according to signals of the light detector.

8. The composting apparatus for users in cold areas of claim 7, wherein: the solar photovoltaic panel is connected with the storage battery, and the storage battery provides a working power supply for the second motor and the controller.

9. A device for composting cold areas as claimed in any of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the air supplementing mechanism comprises an air supplementing pipe connected with an opening of the first pipe body, and the air supplementing pipe is connected with a ventilation fan or a ventilation pump.

10. A device for composting cold areas as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: and the air supplementing port is provided with an air supplementing one-way valve, and the exhaust port is provided with an exhaust one-way valve.