CN214745881U - Biomass fuel combustion grate structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of biomass fuel, in particular to a biomass fuel combustion grate structure, which comprises a base, a rotating mechanism, an ash basin and a heat-resistant grate; the rotary mechanism is arranged on the base, the ash basin is arranged on a rotating part of the rotary mechanism, the ash basin is provided with a cavity with an upward opening, the heat-resistant fire grate is fixedly arranged in the cavity, and an ash groove is formed between the heat-resistant fire grate and the inner wall of the ash basin; a cavity and a cooling water cavity are arranged in the heat-resistant fire grate, a plurality of vent holes are formed in the side wall of the cavity, and the cavity is communicated with a pipeline of the air blower; the cooling water cavity is connected with a water supply system; the upper end of the heat-resistant fire grate is provided with a conical surface. The water supply system continuously provides cooling water for the cooling water cavity to achieve the purpose of radiating and cooling the heat-resistant fire grate, thereby achieving the protection effect on the heat-resistant fire grate. And in the process of cooling the heat-resistant grate, the effect of cooling the fuel on the heat-resistant grate is achieved, and the fuel gas quantity is increased.

Description

Biomass fuel combustion grate structure

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of biology to fuel, especially, relate to a biomass fuel burning grate structure.

Background

The biomass fuel is prepared by stacking the biomass fuel in a gasification furnace, burning and cracking the fuel into combustible gas, discharging the combustible gas into a combustion furnace for combustion, and discharging ash slag after the combustion and cracking out of a furnace body. The biomass gasification furnace generally comprises a gasification furnace body and a grate, wherein the furnace body is arranged on the grate, and fuel is accumulated in the furnace body and supported on the grate; when the fuel is cracked by burning, the fuel supported on the grate generates heat to crack the fuel. However, when the fuel is combusted and cracked on the grate, the temperature of the grate is overhigh, certain damage can be caused to the grate, and when the fuel on the grate is combusted at high temperature, the fuel at the bottom can be fully and completely combusted to form excessive carbon dioxide, so that the formation of combustible gas is reduced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a biomass fuel burning grate structure aims at solving current gasifier row and at the high temperature, leads to damaging easily, reduces life to the problem that the combustible gas that the fuel formed is low.

In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a biomass fuel combustion grate structure, which includes a base, a rotating mechanism, an ash basin and a heat-resistant grate; the rotary mechanism is arranged on the base, the ash basin is arranged on a rotating part of the rotary mechanism, the ash basin is provided with a cavity with an upward opening, the heat-resistant fire grate is fixedly arranged in the cavity, and an ash groove is formed between the heat-resistant fire grate and the inner wall of the ash basin; a cavity and a cooling water cavity are arranged in the heat-resistant fire grate, a plurality of vent holes are formed in the side wall of the cavity, and the cavity is communicated with a pipeline of the air blower; the water cavity is connected with a water supply system; the upper end of the heat-resistant fire grate is provided with a conical surface.

Further, the heat-resisting fire grate comprises a supporting cylinder and a plurality of frustum with annular structures which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the supporting barrel is supported at the bottom of the ash groove, an air port is formed in the top of the supporting barrel, and an air duct pipe assembly extends downwards from the edge of the air port and is used for being connected with an air blower; the frustum platforms are sequentially overlapped and arranged on the supporting cylinder, and the volumes of the frustum platforms are sequentially reduced from bottom to top, so that the frustum platforms form a tower-shaped structure; a support ring is arranged between the adjacent frustum platforms and is used for supporting the upper frustum platform; a plurality of vent holes are formed in each support ring; a sealing plate is arranged at the top of the frustum at the top end; an annular water cavity is arranged in each frustum, and the annular water cavities of adjacent cones are communicated through pipelines; the frustum and the top end which are positioned at the bottom end are connected with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, and the water inlet pipe is connected with a water pump.

Further, the duct tube assembly includes an extension tube, a support tube, and a seal tube; the supporting tube is connected with the air blower, a supporting plate is arranged on the excircle of the upper end of the supporting tube, and the sealing tube is supported on the supporting plate and forms a water storage cavity; the extension pipe extends downwards along the edge of the air opening and extends into the water storage cavity.

Further, the water inlet pipe comprises a first water pipe, a second water pipe and a rotary joint for connecting the first water pipe and the second water pipe; the second water pipe is communicated with the annular water cavity in the frustum, and the first water pipe is connected with a water pump; the lower end of the drain pipe extends into the water storage cavity.

Further, the outer diameter of the support ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the bottom of the frustum at the upper end of the support ring.

Furthermore, a plurality of ash scraping rods are arranged on the conical surface of each frustum.

Furthermore, a plurality of scrapers are arranged on the outer circle of the lower end of each frustum, and each scraper is provided with a cutting edge for crushing ash.

Further, rotary mechanism is including setting up mount pad on the base rotates the setting and is in roating seat on the mount pad, the gear wheel of cover on the roating seat, with gear wheel mesh's pinion, and connect the motor of pinion. The ash basin is arranged on the rotary seat.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an above-mentioned one or more technical scheme in the biomass gasification stove structure have following technological effect at least:

1. when fuel is piled up on the heat-resistant grate to be combusted, a proper amount of air is blown into the cavity by the blower and is blown to the fuel from the vent holes, so that the fuel on the heat-resistant grate is combusted and cracked. In the process of cracking the fuel, the water supply system continuously provides cooling water for the cooling water cavity, so as to radiate and cool the heat-resistant fire grate and further protect the heat-resistant fire grate. And in the process of cooling the heat-resistant grate, the effect of cooling the fuel on the heat-resistant grate is achieved, so that the gas can be prevented from being completely and fully combusted in a short time, the time of insufficient combustion and cracking of the fuel can be saved, and the gas quantity is increased.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive labor.

Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a biomass gasifier structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a gasification furnace body part of a biomass gasification furnace structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the gasification furnace body of the biomass gasification furnace structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of the explosion-proof device of the biomass gasifier structure provided by the embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of the fuel combustion grate in the biomass gasifier structure according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the fuel combustion grate in the biomass gasifier structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the heat-resistant grate in the biomass gasification furnace structure according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the embodiments of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings, which is only for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so indicated must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as fixed or detachable connections or as an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 to 3, a biomass gasifier structure includes a support frame 100, a fuel combustion grate 200, a gasifier body 300, a fuel conveying mechanism 400, a gas purification device 500, and an explosion-proof device 600. The gasification furnace body 300 is supported on the support frame 100, and the lower end of the gasification furnace body 300 extends into the fuel combustion grate 200. The gasification furnace body 300 is internally provided with a fuel cavity 301 with an opening at the bottom, and the top is provided with a feed inlet 302. The fuel delivery mechanism 400 is connected to the feed inlet 302 and is used for delivering fuel into the combustion chamber 301. The gas inlet end of the gas purification device 500 is connected to the top of the gasification furnace body 300 and is used for purifying tar in the gas. The explosion proof device 600 is disposed on the top of the gas purifying device 500. In this embodiment, the fuel conveying mechanism 400 conveys the biomass fuel into the combustion chamber 301 of the gasification furnace body 300 and deposits on the fuel combustion grate 200, the fuel in the combustion chamber 301 is cracked into combustible gas and tar, the gasified fuel gas is conveyed to the fuel gas purification device 500, the fuel gas purification device 500 deposits excessive tar in the fuel gas, and reduces the tar content in the fuel gas, thereby reducing the harm of the combustion of the tar to the environment, and also effectively preventing the excessive tar from being adsorbed on the conveying pipeline of the fuel gas. The explosion-proof device 600 is arranged on the gas purification device 500, so that the gas pressure in the gas purification device 500 or the gas pressure in the gas conveying system is too high, and the gas is released through the explosion-proof device, so that the protection effect is achieved.

Further, referring to fig. 3, the gas purification apparatus 500 includes a base cylinder 510 and a buffer cylinder 520. The bottom cylinder 510 is arranged on the supporting frame 100, an opening is arranged at the top of the bottom cylinder 510, the buffer cylinder 520 is arranged on the bottom cylinder 510, and the buffer cylinder 520 is communicated with the bottom cylinder 510. The top wall of the buffer cylinder 520 is provided with a partition plate 521, and the partition plate 521 divides the buffer cylinder 520 to form a first buffer cavity 522 and a second buffer cavity 523. The top of the first buffer cavity 522 is provided with an air inlet pipe 524 connected with the top of the gasification furnace body 300, and the side wall of the second buffer cavity 523 is provided with an air outlet pipe 525. In this embodiment, the gas in the gasification furnace body 300 enters the first buffer cavity 522 through the gas inlet pipe 524, after the gas is conveyed downwards, when the gas is conveyed upwards in the gas purification device 500, the conveying path is increased, and the specific gravity of tar is high, so that when the gas is conveyed upwards, tar is deposited at the bottom, and when the gas contacts the inner walls of the first buffer cavity 522 and the second buffer cavity 523, the inner walls of the first buffer cavity 522 and the second buffer cavity 523 can cool the gas, and tar is liquefied and adhered to the inner walls of the first buffer cavity 522 and the second buffer cavity 523 and flows into the bottom cylinder 510 to be collected; thereby realizing the reduction of tar in the fuel gas. The lower end of the buffer cylinder 520 is also provided with a manhole 526 for cleaning caked tar in the bottom cylinder 510.

Further, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the explosion-proof device 600 includes a connection pipe 610, a sealing cover 620, and a water storage tub 630. The connection pipe 610 is disposed at the top of the buffer cylinder 520 and is communicated with the inside of the buffer cylinder 520. The lower end of the connection pipe 610 is provided with a support plate 611. The bottom end of the water storage bucket 630 is hermetically connected to the support plate 611, and the water storage bucket 630 and the support plate 611 form a sealed cavity. The top of the water storage bucket 630 is provided with a pressure relief hole 631, and the upper end of the side wall of the water storage bucket 630 is provided with a pipeline connected with a ceiling lamp 632. The sealing cover 620 is sleeved on the upper end of the connecting pipe 610, the lower end of the sealing cover 620 is supported on the supporting plate 611, and a plurality of notches 621 are formed at the lower end of the side wall of the sealing cover 620. In this embodiment, water is added into the water storage tub 630 so that the liquid level covers the slit 621 to seal the connection pipe 610. When the air pressure in the gas purification device 500 is high, the sealing cover 620 is pushed to float, so that the notch 621 is exposed out of the level, the gas is discharged from the pressure relief hole 631, and the excessive air pressure is avoided. When the gas enters the water storage tub 630, part of the gas enters the dome lamp 632 and ignites the dome lamp 632 to give an alarm.

Further, referring to fig. 5-7, the fuel combustion grate 200 includes a base 210, a rotating mechanism 220, an ash pan 230, and a heat-resistant grate 240. The rotating mechanism 220 is arranged on the base 210, the ash basin 230 is arranged on the rotating portion of the rotating mechanism 220, the ash basin 230 is provided with a cavity with an upward opening, the heat-resistant fire grate 240 is fixedly arranged in the cavity, and an ash groove 231 is formed between the heat-resistant fire grate 240 and the inner wall of the ash basin 230. The heat-resistant fire grate 240 is internally provided with a sealed cavity and a cooling water cavity, the side wall of the cavity is provided with a plurality of vent holes 241, and the cavity is communicated with a blower pipeline. The cooling water cavity is connected with a water supply system. The upper end of the heat-resistant fire grate 240 is provided with a conical surface. The lower end of the gasification furnace body 300 extends into the ash groove 231, the bottom end of the gasification furnace body 300 is higher than the bottom of the ash groove 231, the heat-resistant grate 240 extends into the gasification furnace body 300, and the lower end of the gasification furnace body 300 is provided with an ash guide plate 310 for discharging ash in the ash groove 231. After the fuel at the bottom of the gasifier body 300 is burnt out, the fuel falls into the ash tank 231, the ash pan 230 is driven to rotate by the rotating mechanism 220, so that ash in the ash pan 230 is scooped up by the ash guide plate 310 and is discharged upwards along the ash guide plate 310, and the ash in the ash tank 231 is discharged out of the ash pan 230.

Further, rotary mechanism 220 is including setting up mount pad on the base 210 rotates the setting and is in roating seat on the mount pad, the gear wheel of cover on the roating seat, with gear wheel mesh's pinion, and connect the motor of pinion. The ash pan 230 is disposed on the rotary base. The small dentition wheel is driven to rotate by the motor, so that the large gear and the rotating seat are driven to rotate, and the ash basin 230 is made to rotate.

Further, referring to fig. 5 to 7, the heat-resistant grate 240 includes a support cylinder 241 and a plurality of frustums 242 having a ring structure, which are sequentially disposed up and down. The supporting cylinder 241 is supported at the bottom of the ash chute 231, and an air port is arranged at the top of the supporting cylinder 241, and an air duct pipe assembly 243 extends downwards from the edge of the air port and is used for being connected with a blower. The plurality of conical frustums 242 are sequentially stacked on the supporting cylinder 241, and the volume of the conical frustums 242 decreases progressively from bottom to top, so that the plurality of conical frustums 242 form a tower-shaped structure. A support ring 244 is disposed between adjacent frustum platforms 242, and the support ring 244 is used for supporting an upper frustum 242. Each support ring 244 is provided with a plurality of vent holes 245. A sealing plate is arranged on the top of the frustum 242 at the top end. An annular water cavity 246 is arranged in each frustum 242, and the annular water cavities 246 adjacent to the frustum 242 are communicated through pipelines. The frustum 242 at the bottom end and the frustum 242 at the top end are connected with a water inlet pipe 247 and a water outlet pipe 248, and the water inlet pipe is connected with a water pump. In this embodiment, the fuel in the gasifier body 300 is deposited on the conical surface formed by the plurality of conical surfaces 242, and is combusted and cracked on the conical surfaces 242; during combustion, the blower blows air so that air enters the gasification furnace body 300 from the vent holes 245, so that the fuel is sufficiently cracked in contact with the air. During the combustion process of the fuel, water is supplied into the water inlet pipe 247 by a water pump, and is sequentially conveyed from the annular water cavity 246 in the bottommost frustum 242 to the annular water cavity 246 in the topmost frustum 242, and finally is discharged by the water discharge pipe 248; the frustum 242 is cooled by water, so that the frustum 242 is prevented from being damaged due to overhigh temperature; and the burnt fuel is cooled by cold, so that the overhigh temperature is avoided, the fuel is directly and completely burnt in the gasification furnace body 300, and the gas production of the fuel is increased.

Further, referring to FIGS. 5-7, the duct tube assembly 243 includes an extension tube 2430, a support tube 2431, and a seal tube 2432. The supporting pipe 2430 is connected with the blower, a supporting plate 2433 is disposed at an outer circumference of an upper end of the supporting pipe 2431, and the sealing pipe 2432 is supported on the supporting plate 2433 and forms a water storage chamber; the extension pipe 2430 extends downward along the edge of the tuyere and extends into the water storage chamber. In this embodiment, water is added into the water storage cavity, and the water surface submerges the opening of the extension pipe 2430 to achieve the sealing effect; therefore, when the blower blows air, air directly enters the gasification furnace body 300. When the air pressure in the gasification furnace body 300 is too high, the water in the water storage cavity is overflowed, and the explosion-proof effect is further achieved.

Further, referring to FIGS. 5-7, the inlet pipe 247 includes a first water pipe 2470, a second water pipe 2471, and a rotary joint 2472 connecting the first water pipe 2470 and the second water pipe 2471. The second water pipe 2471 is communicated with the annular water cavity 246, and the first water pipe 2470 is connected with a water pump; the lower end of the drain tube 248 extends into the water storage chamber. In this embodiment, the first water pipe 2470 is rotated by the rotary joint 2472 to discharge water discharged from the water discharge pipe 248 into the water storage chamber, so as to seal the air duct pipe assembly 243.

Further, the outer diameter of the support ring 244 is smaller than the outer diameter of the bottom of the frustum 242 at the upper end thereof. Preventing burning ash from entering the vent holes 245 and blocking the vent holes 245.

Further, a plurality of dust scraping bars 249 are provided on the tapered surface of each of the frustums 242. When the conical table 242 rotates, ash at the bottom of the gasification furnace 300 is scraped off by the ash scraping bar 249.

Further, referring to fig. 5, a plurality of scrapers 250 are disposed on the outer circumference of the lower end of each frustum 240, and the scrapers 250 are provided with cutting edges 251 for breaking ash. The lump ash is broken and discharged through the cutting edge 251.

The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A biomass fuel combustion grate structure is characterized by comprising a base, a rotating mechanism, an ash basin and a heat-resistant grate; the rotary mechanism is arranged on the base, the ash basin is arranged on a rotating part of the rotary mechanism, the ash basin is provided with a cavity with an upward opening, the heat-resistant fire grate is fixedly arranged in the cavity, and an ash groove is formed between the heat-resistant fire grate and the inner wall of the ash basin; a cavity and a cooling water cavity are arranged in the heat-resistant fire grate, a plurality of vent holes are formed in the side wall of the cavity, and the cavity is communicated with a pipeline of the air blower; the cooling water cavity is connected with a water supply system; the upper end of the heat-resistant fire grate is provided with a conical surface.

2. The biomass fuel combustion grate structure of claim 1, wherein: the heat-resisting fire grate comprises a supporting cylinder and a plurality of frustum with annular structures which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the supporting barrel is supported at the bottom of the ash groove, an air port is formed in the top of the supporting barrel, and an air duct pipe assembly extends downwards from the edge of the air port and is used for being connected with an air blower; the frustum platforms are sequentially overlapped and arranged on the supporting cylinder, and the volumes of the frustum platforms are sequentially reduced from bottom to top, so that the frustum platforms form a tower-shaped structure; a support ring is arranged between the adjacent frustum platforms and is used for supporting the upper frustum platform; a plurality of vent holes are formed in each support ring; a sealing plate is arranged at the top of the frustum at the top end; an annular water cavity is arranged in each frustum, and cooling water cavity pipelines of adjacent cones are communicated; the frustum and the top end which are positioned at the bottom end are connected with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, and the water inlet pipe is connected with a water pump.

3. The biomass fuel combustion grate structure of claim 2, wherein: the air duct pipe assembly comprises an extension pipe, a support pipe and a sealing pipe; the supporting tube is connected with the air blower, a supporting plate is arranged on the excircle of the upper end of the supporting tube, and the sealing tube is supported on the supporting plate and forms a water storage cavity; the extension pipe extends downwards along the edge of the air opening and extends into the water storage cavity.

4. The biomass fuel combustion grate structure of claim 3, wherein: the water inlet pipe comprises a first water pipe, a second water pipe and a rotary joint for connecting the first water pipe and the second water pipe; the second water pipe is communicated with the cooling water cavity, and the first water pipe is connected with a water pump; the lower end of the drain pipe extends into the water storage cavity.

5. The biomass fuel combustion grate structure of any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein: the outer diameter of the support ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the bottom of the frustum at the upper end of the support ring.

6. The biomass fuel combustion grate structure of any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein: the conical surface of each frustum is also provided with a plurality of ash scraping rods.

7. The biomass fuel combustion grate structure of any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein: the outer circle of the lower end of each frustum is provided with a plurality of scrapers, and each scraper is provided with a cutting edge and used for crushing ash.

8. The biomass fuel combustion grate structure of claim 1, wherein: the rotary mechanism comprises a mounting seat arranged on the base, a rotary seat arranged on the mounting seat in a rotating mode, a gear wheel sleeved on the rotary seat, a pinion meshed with the gear wheel and a motor connected with the pinion, and the ash basin is arranged on the rotary seat.

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