CN213951100U - Ash discharging device of biomass gasification furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of biomass fuel, in particular to an ash discharge device of a biomass gasification furnace, which comprises a gasification furnace body, a base, a rotating mechanism, an ash basin and a heat-resistant grate; the rotary mechanism is arranged on the base, the ash basin is arranged on the rotating part of the rotary mechanism, the ash basin is provided with a cavity with an upward opening, the heat-resistant fire grate is fixedly arranged in the cavity, and an ash groove is formed between the heat-resistant fire grate and the inner wall of the ash basin; the lower end of the gasification furnace body extends into the ash groove, the bottom end of the gasification furnace body is higher than the bottom of the ash groove, the upper end of the heat-resistant grate extends into the gasification furnace, and one side of the ash basin is provided with a slag chute for receiving ash discharged by the ash discharging mechanism; the gasification furnace also comprises an ash guide plate which is obliquely arranged on the outer side wall of the lower end of the gasification furnace body, the lower end of the ash guide plate is a small end, the upper end of the ash guide plate is a large end, and the small end uniformly extends along the large end; the outer side wall of the big end extends to the opening of the ash basin, and the slag chute is positioned on one side of the big end. The ash and slag are in a free state when being discharged, so that the problem of blocking caused by the ash and slag discharge is avoided.

Description

Ash discharging device of biomass gasification furnace

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of biology to fuel, especially, relate to a biomass gasification stove ash discharging device.

Background

The biomass fuel is prepared by stacking the biomass fuel in a gasification furnace, burning and cracking the fuel into combustible gas, discharging the combustible gas into a combustion furnace for combustion, and discharging ash slag after the combustion and cracking out of a furnace body. The slag of the current gasification furnace is discharged from the bottom by a screw conveyor. The slag is discharged by adopting the screw conveyer, and if the slag is blocky, the slag extractor is easy to be blocked or damaged.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a biomass gasification stove ash discharging device aims at solving current gasifier slag extractor and causes the dead problem of slag extractor card easily.

In order to achieve the purpose, the embodiment of the utility model provides an ash discharge device of a biomass gasification furnace, which comprises a gasification furnace body, a base, a rotating mechanism, an ash basin and a heat-resistant grate; the rotary mechanism is arranged on the base, the ash basin is arranged on a rotating part of the rotary mechanism, the ash basin is provided with a cavity with an upward opening, the heat-resistant fire grate is fixedly arranged in the cavity, and an ash groove is formed between the heat-resistant fire grate and the inner wall of the ash basin; the lower end of the gasification furnace body extends into the ash groove, the bottom end of the gasification furnace body is higher than the bottom of the ash groove, the upper end of the heat-resistant grate extends into the gasification furnace, and one side of the ash basin is provided with a slag chute for receiving ash discharged by the ash discharging mechanism; the gasification furnace also comprises an ash guide plate which is obliquely arranged on the outer side wall of the lower end of the gasification furnace body, the lower end of the ash guide plate is a small end, the upper end of the ash guide plate is a large end, and the small end uniformly extends along the large end; the outer side wall of the large end extends to the opening of the ash basin, and the slag chute is located on one side of the large end.

Furthermore, a plurality of ash scrapers are arranged at the bottom of the gasification furnace body; the ash scraping knife comprises a connecting part and an ash scraping part, the connecting part is connected with the gasification furnace body, and the ash scraping part obliquely and upwards extends into the bottom of the gasification furnace body.

Further, the structure of ash basin is loudspeaker form, still set up a plurality of bellying inwards along the inner wall in the ash basin, the bellying is followed the oral area of ash basin extends to the bottom.

Furthermore, the outer edge of the heat-resistant fire grate is also provided with a plurality of ash pressing knives which are arranged in an up-and-down inclined manner and used for scraping ash at the upper part of the heat-resistant fire grate and extruding the ash downwards.

Further, a sealed cavity is arranged in the heat-resistant fire grate and is communicated with a pipeline of the air blower; the upper end of the heat-resistant fire grate is provided with a conical surface, and the conical surface is provided with a plurality of vent holes communicated with the cavity; the conical surface of the heat-resistant fire grate is also provided with a protective cover plate positioned at the opening part corresponding to the vent hole; the protective cover plate is provided with two side plates which are triangular structures, one end of each side plate and one end of each protective cover plate are welded with the heat-resistant grate, and the protective cover plates and the two side plates and the heat-resistant grate form an inclined downward ventilation opening.

The embodiment of the utility model provides an above-mentioned one or more technical scheme in biomass gasification stove ash discharging device has following technological effect at least:

1. the cinder that the furnace body produced drops to the ash chute in, through rotary mechanism drive ash basin rotation for ash basin and ash guide plate relative rotation make the lime-ash in the ash chute can be along with ash guide plate upwards discharge to the swift current sediment inslot, and then discharge the lime-ash. The ash and slag are in a free state when being discharged, so that the problem of blocking caused by the ash and slag discharge is avoided.

2. When the fuel in the gasification furnace body is gasified, a proper amount of water can be added into the ash basin, the gasification furnace body is sealed through the water, and the dropped furnace slag is extinguished and radiated through the water.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive labor.

Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of an ash discharge device of a biomass gasification furnace provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of the gasification furnace body of the ash discharge device of the biomass gasification furnace provided by the embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of the combustion ash discharging mechanism of the ash discharging device of the biomass gasification furnace provided by the embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line I-I of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a top view of the combustion ash discharging mechanism of the biomass gasifier ash discharging device provided by the embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion a of fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a structural diagram of the ash pressing knife of the ash discharging device of the biomass gasification furnace provided by the embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 8 is a structural diagram of the explosion-proof mechanism of the ash discharge device of the biomass gasification furnace provided by the embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the embodiments of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings, which is only for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so indicated must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as fixed or detachable connections or as an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 to 5, an ash discharging device for a biomass gasification furnace includes a gasification furnace body 100, a support frame (not shown in the drawings), a fuel input mechanism 200, a gas conveying mechanism 300, a burner 400, and a combustion ash discharging mechanism 500. The outer side of the gasification furnace body 100 is oppositely provided with a supporting part 101 supported on the supporting frame, and the bottom of the gasification furnace body is of an open structure; the fuel input mechanism 200 is connected to the top end of the gasification furnace body 100, and one end of the fuel gas conveying mechanism 300 is connected to the burner 400, and the other end of the fuel gas conveying mechanism is connected to the top of the gasification furnace body 100 and communicated with the inside of the gasification furnace body 100. The fuel input mechanism 200 conveys the fuel into the gasification furnace body 100 for combustion and cracking, the heat and gas generated by the combustion and cracking are conveyed to the combustor 400 through the fuel gas conveying mechanism 300 for combustion again, and the ash formed by the fuel cracking is discharged through the combustion ash discharging mechanism.

Referring to fig. 3 to 5, the combustion ash discharge mechanism 500 includes a base 510, a rotation mechanism 520, an ash pan 530, and a heat-resistant grate 540. The rotating mechanism 200 is arranged on the base 100, the ash basin 530 is arranged on the rotating part of the rotating mechanism 520, the ash basin 530 is provided with a cavity with an upward opening, the heat-resistant fire grate 540 is fixedly arranged in the cavity, and an ash groove 501 is formed between the heat-resistant fire grate 540 and the inner wall of the ash basin 530. A sealed cavity is arranged in the heat-resistant fire grate 540 and is communicated with a pipeline of the blower 600. The upper end of the heat-resistant fire grate 540 is provided with a conical surface, and the conical surface is provided with a plurality of vent holes 541 communicated with the cavity. The lower end of the furnace body of the gasification furnace body 100 extends into the ash chute 501, the bottom end of the gasification furnace body 100 is higher than the bottom of the ash chute 501, and the heat-resistant grate 540 extends into the gasification furnace; the lower end of the gasification furnace body 100 is provided with an ash discharge mechanism for discharging ash in the ash tank 501. Specifically, a certain amount of water is added into the ash tank 501, and the burnt ash is filled into the ash tank 501 and the heat-resistant grate 540 through the fuel input mechanism 200; then the fuel input mechanism 200 inputs the fuel into the gasification furnace 100 and is accumulated on the ash slag of the heat-resisting grate 540 and the ash groove 501, and the fuel input mechanism 200 continuously fills the fuel into the furnace body; by the combustion of the fuel, the generated gas and heat are input into the combustor 400 through the gas delivery mechanism 300 to be combusted. The rotating mechanism 520 drives the ash pan 530 and the refractory grate 540 to rotate while the fuel at the bottom is burned and cracked, so the ash discharging mechanism can discharge the ash dropped into the ash tray 501 out of the ash pan 530. When the ash in the ash chute 501 is discharged, the ash at the bottom of the gasification furnace body 100 drops into the ash chute along the heat-resistant grate 540, and therefore, the ash burnt at the bottom is discharged all the time. The unburned fuel is effectively prevented from being discharged. The burnt-out ash slag is discharged after passing through the water in the ash groove 501, so that the ash slag is extinguished and cooled, and safety accidents caused by discharging the slag with sparks or high temperature are avoided. And the bottom of the gasification furnace body 100 is sealed by adding water into the ash basin 501, so that water and ash in the ash basin can be overflowed when flash explosion occurs in the furnace body, and the furnace body is prevented from being damaged.

Further, referring to fig. 3 to 5, a slag chute 531 is further disposed on one side of the ash basin 530; used for receiving the ash slag discharged by the ash discharging mechanism.

Further, referring to fig. 1 to 5, the ash discharging mechanism includes an ash guide plate 710 obliquely disposed on the outer side wall of the lower end of the gasifier body 100, the lower end of the ash guide plate 710 is a small end, the upper end is a large end, and the small end extends uniformly along the large end. The outer side wall of the large end extends to the mouth of the ash pan 530, and the slag chute 531 is located at one side of the large end. In this embodiment, when the rotating mechanism 520 drives the ash pan 530 to rotate, ash in the ash pan 501 will be relatively discharged out of the ash pan 501 along the ash guiding plate 710, and fall onto the slag chute 531, and the ash will be discharged out of the slag chute 531. The ash and slag are in a free state when being discharged, so that the problem of blocking caused by the ash and slag discharge is avoided.

Further, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the ash discharging mechanism further includes a plurality of ash scrapers 720 disposed at the bottom of the gasification furnace body 100; the ash scraping knife 720 comprises a connecting part 721 and an ash scraping part 722, the connecting part 721 is connected with the gasification furnace body 100, and the ash scraping part 722 obliquely and upwardly extends into the bottom of the gasification furnace body 100. In this embodiment, the ash scraping part 722 extends into the gasification furnace body 100, so that the ash scraping part 722 is located between the outer wall of the heat-resistant grate 540 and the inner wall of the gasification furnace body 100, and therefore, when the ash pan 530 rotates, the ash scraping part 722 scrapes the ash at the bottom of the gasification furnace body 100 outwards, and the ash is discharged through the ash guiding plate 710.

Further, referring to fig. 4, the biomass fuel gasification furnace further includes a bracket 800, a sealing groove 810, and a connection pipe 820. The sealing groove 810 is formed on the bracket 800. A through hole (not shown in the drawing) is formed at the bottom of the sealing groove 810, the connecting pipe 820 penetrates through the through hole and is hermetically connected with the through hole, the upper end of the connecting pipe 820 extends into the sealing groove 810, and the other end of the connecting pipe 820 is connected with the blower 600 through a pipeline; the bottom of the heat-resistant grate 540 is provided with a gas pipe 542 extending downwards, the gas pipe extends into the sealing groove 810, and the upper end of the connecting pipe 820 extends into the gas pipe 542; the sealing groove 810 is used for storing sealing liquid, and the gas pipe 542 extends into the liquid surface. In this embodiment, a certain amount of water is added into the sealing groove 810, and the air pipe 542 can extend below the liquid level, so that the connection position of the air pipe 542 and the sealing groove 810 is sealed by the water, when air is blown into the cavity by the blower 600, the air pipe 542 can seal the air flow, and the air pipe 542 can rotate along with the heat-resistant grate 540.

Further, referring to fig. 4, the upper end and the lower end of the heat-resistant grate 540 are both in a conical structure, the lower end of the heat-resistant grate 540 is provided with a support tube 543 extending downwards, and the bottom end of the support tube 543 is connected to the bottom of the cavity in a sealing manner. In this embodiment, the supporting tube 543 supports the heat-resistant grate 540 and forms the ash chute 501 with the inner wall of the ash tray 530.

Further, referring to fig. 3 to 6, a protective cover plate 544 corresponding to the opening of the vent 541 is further disposed on the conical surface of the heat-resistant grate 540; the protective cover plate 544 is provided with two side plates 545, and the side plates 545 are in a triangular structure. One end of the side plate 545 and the protective cover 544 is welded to the heat-resistant grate 540, and the protective cover 544 forms a ventilation opening 546 inclined downward with the side plates 545 and the heat-resistant grate 540. In this embodiment, the protective cover 544 is disposed at the opening of the vent 546, so that ash is placed and falls into the cavity through the vent 541. The vent 546 is formed to be inclined downward, so that the ash can be prevented from blocking the vent 541, and smooth air outlet can be ensured.

Further, referring to fig. 5, a plurality of ash pressing knives 547 are further provided at the outer edge of the heat-resistant grate 540, and the ash pressing knives 547 are obliquely arranged up and down for scraping ash from the bottom of the furnace body and the upper part of the heat-resistant grate 540 and pressing the ash downward. In this embodiment, by providing the dust pressing knife 547, the ash at the bottom can be easily scraped off, and the ash is continuously pressed and extruded by the dust pressing knife 547, so that the ash is conveniently pressed downward and discharged from the mouth of the ash basin 530.

Further, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the rotating mechanism 520 includes a mounting seat 521, a rotating track 522, a rotating seat 523, a motor 524, a driving gear 525 and a driven gear 526. The mounting seat 521 and the motor 524 are disposed on the supporting seat 510, the rotating track 522 is disposed on the base 521, the rotating seat 523 is disposed on the rotating track 522, and the ash basin 530 is disposed on the rotating seat 523; the driving gear 525 is disposed on the rotating shaft of the motor 524, and the driven gear 526 is sleeved on the outer circle of the rotating seat 523 and engaged with the driving gear 525. In this embodiment, the motor 524 drives the driving gear 525 to rotate, and further drives the driven gear 526 to rotate, so as to drive the ash tray 530 and the heat-resistant grate 540 to rotate.

Further, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the ash basin 530 has a trumpet shape, and a plurality of inwardly protruding protrusions 532 are further disposed along an inner wall of the ash basin 530, and the protrusions 532 extend from a mouth portion to a bottom portion of the ash basin. In this embodiment, the protrusion 532 is additionally arranged on the inner wall of the ash basin 530, so that water in ash can be conveniently discharged back to the bottom of the ash groove 531 from a gap formed between the protrusion 532 and the protrusion 532, and thus the moisture carried by the discharged ash is small.

Further, the protruding portion 532 is a circular tube welded to the inner wall of the ash pan 530.

Further, referring to fig. 1, the fuel input mechanism 200 includes a screw conveyor 201, a first hopper 202, a conveyor belt 203, a second hopper 204, and a guide hopper 205. The spiral conveyor 201 is arranged at the top end of the gasification furnace body 100, the first hopper 202 is arranged at the feed inlet of the spiral conveyor 201, the conveyer belt 203 is arranged in an up-and-down inclined manner, the upper end of the conveyer belt 203 extends to the upper end of the first hopper 202, the lower end of the conveyer belt is supported on the ground, and the second hopper 204 is arranged above the lower end of the conveyer belt 203. The material guide hopper 205 is arranged at the discharge hole of the spiral conveyor 201, the large end of the material guide hopper 205 extends into the gasification furnace body 100, and the material guide hopper 205 and the upper end of the gasification furnace body 1 form a fuel gas storage cavity 102. In this embodiment, the fuel can be added into the second hopper 204, the fuel in the second hopper 204 drops onto the conveyer belt 203, the fuel is conveyed into the first hopper 202 through the conveyer belt 203, the fuel in the first hopper 202 is extruded into the gasification furnace body 100 by the screw conveyor 201, and the heat-resistant grate 540 is stacked, and the material guide hopper 205 extends into the gasification furnace body 100, so that the space for gas emission caused by the fact that the furnace body is completely filled with the fuel can be avoided.

Further, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the lower end of the gasification furnace body 100 is further provided with an air supply mechanism 103 extending into the furnace body for supplying air into the furnace body. This embodiment, through air supply mechanism 103 to the internal input air of furnace, and then increase the air capacity in the furnace, guarantee the fuel ability burning pyrolysis on upper strata for the efficiency of fuel pyrolysis.

Further, referring to fig. 2, an explosion-proof device 110 connected to the inside of the furnace body is further provided outside the gasification furnace body 100. In this embodiment, when the fuel in the gasification furnace 100 is combusted and gasified and the inner wall of the furnace is subjected to flash explosion, the explosion-proof device 110 is provided to buffer the internal pressure, thereby preventing the problem of explosion due to the excessive pressure in the furnace.

Further, referring to fig. 2 and 8, the explosion-proof device 110 includes a water storage bucket 111 and an explosion-proof pipe 112; a through hole (not shown in the drawing) and a supporting part 104 are arranged on the gasification furnace body 100, the water storage barrel 111 is supported on the supporting part 104, the upper end of the explosion-proof pipe 112 extends into the through hole, and the lower end of the explosion-proof pipe extends into the water storage barrel 111; water is provided in the water storage tub 111 for sealing the lower end of the explosion-proof pipe 112. In this embodiment, when the furnace body is subjected to flash explosion, the impact of the explosion is discharged through the explosion-proof tube 112, so as to protect the furnace body.

Further, the explosion-proof devices 110 disposed outside the gasification furnace body 100 are in multiple groups, specifically 4 groups, and are uniformly distributed. A communication pipe 113 communicates with the bottom end of the water storage tub 111 of each explosion-proof device 110. In this embodiment, the 4 water storage tanks 111 are connected by the connection pipe 113 to form a connector, so that the water levels of the respective water storage tanks 111 can be kept consistent, and after water is added, the water can be added to the 4 water storage tanks 111 at the same time, and when water loss is caused by flash explosion, the water can be supplemented together.

Further, each of the water storage tanks 111 is connected to a water replenishing pipe 114. In this embodiment, the water storage barrel 111 is added with a water replenishing pipe 114 to ensure that the explosion-proof pipe 112 is always sealed by water.

Further, a drain pipe 115 is arranged at the bottom of the water storage barrel 111, and a valve is arranged on the drain pipe 115. A steam pipe 116 is further arranged in each water storage barrel 111, the steam pipe 116 extends into the bottom of the water storage barrel 111, the steam pipe 116 is communicated with a steam system, when water in the water storage barrel 111 needs to be discharged, a valve is opened to discharge the water, high-pressure steam is injected into the steam pipe 116 through the steam system, and tar deposited at the bottom of the water storage barrel 111 is melted and cleaned.

Further, the gasification furnace body 100 includes an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, the outer cylinder is sleeved on the outer cylinder and forms a closed cavity with the inner cylinder, and a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are arranged at opposite sides of the outer cylinder. The water entering the closed cavity is added through the gasification furnace body 100 and then discharged into a steam system, so that the full utilization of energy is realized.

Further, referring to fig. 1 to 4, a solenoid valve 601 is further disposed on a pipeline between the cavity and the blower 600. In this embodiment, when the blower stops operating, the electromagnetic valve 601 is rapidly closed to prevent the gas and sparks in the gasifier body 100 from entering the duct of the blower 600 to cause combustion.

The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. An ash discharge device of a biomass gasification furnace is characterized by comprising a gasification furnace body, a base, a rotating mechanism, an ash basin and a heat-resistant grate; the rotary mechanism is arranged on the base, the ash basin is arranged on a rotating part of the rotary mechanism, the ash basin is provided with a cavity with an upward opening, the heat-resistant fire grate is fixedly arranged in the cavity, and an ash groove is formed between the heat-resistant fire grate and the inner wall of the ash basin; the lower end of the gasification furnace body extends into the ash groove, the bottom end of the gasification furnace body is higher than the bottom of the ash groove, the upper end of the heat-resistant grate extends into the gasification furnace, and one side of the ash basin is provided with a slag chute for receiving ash discharged by the ash discharging mechanism; the gasification furnace also comprises an ash guide plate which is obliquely arranged on the outer side wall of the lower end of the gasification furnace body, the lower end of the ash guide plate is a small end, the upper end of the ash guide plate is a large end, and the small end uniformly extends along the large end; the outer side wall of the large end extends to the opening of the ash basin, and the slag chute is located on one side of the large end.

2. The biomass gasification furnace ash discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom of the gasification furnace body is also provided with a plurality of ash scrapers; the ash scraping knife comprises a connecting part and an ash scraping part, the connecting part is connected with the gasification furnace body, and the ash scraping part obliquely and upwards extends into the bottom of the gasification furnace body.

3. The biomass gasification furnace ash discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the structure of ash basin is loudspeaker form, still set up a plurality of bellied bellyings inwards along the inner wall in the ash basin, the bellying is followed the oral area of ash basin extends to the bottom.

4. The biomass gasification furnace ash discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer edge of the heat-resistant grate is also provided with a plurality of ash pressing knives which are obliquely arranged up and down and used for scraping ash at the upper part of the heat-resistant grate and extruding the ash downwards.

5. The biomass gasification furnace ash discharge device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: a sealed cavity is arranged in the heat-resistant fire grate and is communicated with a pipeline of the air blower; the upper end of the heat-resistant fire grate is provided with a conical surface, and the conical surface is provided with a plurality of vent holes communicated with the cavity; the conical surface of the heat-resistant fire grate is also provided with a protective cover plate positioned at the opening part corresponding to the vent hole; the protective cover plate is provided with two side plates which are triangular structures, one end of each side plate and one end of each protective cover plate are welded with the heat-resistant grate, and the protective cover plates and the two side plates and the heat-resistant grate form an inclined downward ventilation opening.

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