CN214745744U - Garbage disposal system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a garbage disposal system. This refuse treatment system includes: the kiln is provided with a chamber for burning the garbage; the conveying device is communicated with the kiln and is used for conveying the garbage into the chamber; and the smoke treatment device is communicated with the chamber and used for guiding out smoke generated in the incineration of the garbage so as to heat the material. According to the technical scheme, in the incineration process of the garbage, the garbage is oxidized at high temperature through proper reactions such as thermal decomposition, combustion, melting and the like to reduce the volume, so that the garbage becomes residues or molten solid substances. The heat released from the device can be effectively utilized by the flue gas treatment device, and materials such as water, gas, oil and the like can be heated. Therefore, on one hand, the garbage can be treated and digested, and the garbage discharge is reduced; on the other hand, heat can be supplied to external heat users, resources are optimized and utilized, and the method has good economy.

Description

Garbage disposal system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a refuse handling installation technical field specifically relates to a refuse treatment system.

Background

When the garbage is treated by adopting a garbage incineration mode, the problems of insufficient incineration and easy generation of harmful gas often exist, and meanwhile, the heat generated by incineration is not effectively utilized, so that the energy waste is caused.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a refuse treatment system to solve the extravagant thermal problem that rubbish exists when burning among the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a garbage disposal system, comprising:

the kiln is provided with a chamber for burning the garbage;

the conveying device is communicated with the kiln and is used for conveying the garbage into the chamber; and

and the smoke treatment device is communicated with the chamber and used for leading out smoke generated in the incineration of the garbage so as to heat the material.

In one possible design, the transport device comprises:

the garbage bin is used for temporarily storing externally introduced garbage, and a first unloading machine is further arranged on the garbage bin and used for closing or opening a discharge hole of the garbage bin;

the bin is arranged at the top of the chamber, and is also provided with a gate for closing or opening a discharge port of the bin; and

the belt conveyor is characterized in that one end of the belt conveyor is communicated with the discharge hole, and the other end of the belt conveyor is arranged in the storage bin to guide the garbage in the garbage bin into the storage bin.

In one possible design, the conveying device further comprises a crusher, and the discharge port of the crusher is communicated with the garbage bin.

In one possible design, the refuse treatment system further includes a material guiding device, and the material guiding device includes:

the feeding pipe is vertically arranged, one end of the feeding pipe is communicated with the conveying device, and the other end of the feeding pipe extends to the cavity;

the stirring piece is rotatably arranged in the feeding pipe; and

the motor is in transmission connection with the stirring piece so as to enable the stirring piece to rotate along the rotation center of the stirring piece;

wherein, be equipped with the cooling channel that is used for leading in the coolant liquid on the stirring piece, cooling channel communicates with each other with the atmosphere.

In one possible design, the waste treatment system further comprises a spray chamber;

the flue gas treatment device comprises:

the gas guide pipe is respectively communicated with the cavity and the spray chamber and is used for guiding hot gas in the cavity into the spray chamber;

a spray mechanism for spraying liquid towards the spray chamber; and

and the exhaust pipe is communicated with the spray chamber and used for guiding out the gas in the spray chamber.

In one possible design, the waste disposal system further comprises:

the water tank is arranged in the cavity and is provided with a plurality of steam pipes for leading out steam; and

a water supply tank connected to the water tank through a water pipe to introduce water into the water tank;

wherein the air duct passes through the water supply tank.

In a possible design, the kiln is further provided with a smoke gasifier for treating smoke in the cavity, the smoke gasifier is arranged on the periphery of the water tank and is connected with the blower, and one side of the smoke gasifier, which is close to the water tank, is provided with a plurality of through holes.

In one possible design, the chamber comprises an incineration zone for waste incineration and a cooling zone for cooling the incinerated waste, which are arranged from top to bottom in sequence, and the incineration zone is communicated with the cooling zone;

and a discharging area used for guiding the incinerated and cooled garbage is arranged below the cooling area, the discharging area is communicated with the cooling area through a discharging mechanism, and the discharging area is communicated with the culvert.

In one possible design, the waste disposal system further comprises:

the multiple groups of air inlet pipes are communicated with the cavity; and

the multiple groups of air blowers are communicated with the air inlet pipe in a one-to-one correspondence mode so as to introduce air into the chamber;

wherein, the air inlet pipe is arranged along the height direction of the chamber at intervals.

In one possible design, the kiln comprises a refractory brick layer, a reinforced concrete wall layer and a concrete wall layer which are connected in sequence along the chamber towards the outside.

According to the technical scheme, in the incineration process of the garbage, the garbage is oxidized at high temperature to reduce the volume through proper reactions such as thermal decomposition, incineration, melting and the like, so that the garbage becomes residues or molten solid substances. The heat released from the device can be effectively utilized by the flue gas treatment device, and materials such as water, gas, oil and the like can be heated. Therefore, on one hand, the garbage can be treated and digested, and the garbage discharge is reduced; on the other hand, heat can be supplied to external heat users, resources are optimized and utilized, and the method has good economy.

Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a waste treatment system provided by the present disclosure in one embodiment, wherein a flue gas treatment device is not shown;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a waste disposal system provided by the present disclosure in another embodiment, wherein the conveying device is not shown;

fig. 3 is a top view of a waste disposal system provided by the present disclosure in one embodiment with portions of the structure removed to reveal internal structure and with the conveyor not shown.

Description of the reference numerals

1-kiln, 101-refractory brick layer, 102-reinforced concrete wall layer, 103-concrete wall protecting layer, 11-burning zone, 12-cooling zone, 13-discharging zone, 2-conveying device, 21-garbage bin, 22-belt conveyor, 23-bunker, 24-crusher, 3-flue gas treatment device, 31-air duct, 32-exhaust pipe, 33-spraying mechanism, 331-spraying pipe, 4-guide device, 41-feeding pipe, 42-stirring piece, 43-motor, 51-spraying chamber, 52-culvert, 61-smoke gasifier, 62-blower, 71-air inlet pipe, 72-blower, 73-air guide pipe, 81-first discharger, 82-second discharger, 91-water tank, 92-water supply tank.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the description of the embodiments herein is for purposes of illustration and explanation only and is not intended to limit the invention.

In the present invention, when the terms "upper" and "lower" are used, the term "upper" and "lower" are used to refer to the upper and lower parts of the garbage disposal system provided by the present disclosure, and "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer parts of the corresponding parts and components. In addition, it should be noted that terms such as "first", "second", and the like are used for distinguishing one element from another, and have no order or importance. In the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same elements.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a waste disposal system is provided, one embodiment of which is shown in fig. 1 to 3.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the garbage disposal system includes a kiln 1, a conveying device 2, and a flue gas treatment device 3. Wherein, the kiln 1 is provided with a chamber for burning garbage. And the conveying device 2 is communicated with the kiln 1 and is used for conveying the garbage into the chamber. And the smoke treatment device 3 is communicated with the chamber and is used for guiding out smoke generated in the incineration of the garbage so as to heat the material.

According to the technical scheme, in the incineration process of the garbage, the garbage is oxidized at high temperature to reduce the volume through proper reactions such as thermal decomposition, incineration, melting and the like, so that the garbage becomes residues or molten solid substances. The heat released from the process can be effectively utilized by the flue gas treatment device 3, and materials such as water, gas, oil and the like can be heated. Therefore, on one hand, the garbage can be treated and digested, and the garbage discharge is reduced; on the other hand, heat can be supplied to external heat users, resources are optimized and utilized, and the method has good economy.

In one embodiment provided by the present disclosure, and as shown in fig. 1, the conveyor 2 includes a waste bin 21, a bin 23, and a belt conveyor. The garbage bin 21 is used for temporarily storing externally introduced garbage, and the garbage bin 21 is further provided with a first unloading machine 81 for closing or opening a discharge hole of the garbage bin 21. And the bin 23 is arranged at the top of the chamber, and a gate is further arranged on the bin 23 and used for closing or opening a discharge port of the bin 23, so that whether the garbage is guided out of the chamber or not is controlled according to the incineration state of the kiln 1. The belt conveyor 22, belt conveyor 22 one end with the discharge gate is linked together, and the other end is located in the feed bin 23, in order to be used for with rubbish among the garbage bin 21 is leading-in feed bin 23.

Like this, when needing to be towards continuously leading-in rubbish in the cavity of kiln 1, can open discharge gate and bin outlet simultaneously to through the continuous leading-in rubbish of belt feeder 22 towards kiln 1 endogenesis, guarantee msw incineration efficiency. And burn inadequately or waste incineration time is longer in kiln 1, can control the induction volume of rubbish through first unloader 81 to make rubbish can fully burn, then reduce the production of gas such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen monoxide or sulfur dioxide. Therefore, the method has better applicability and flexibility. When the operation is stopped, the gate can be closed, and the smoke and heat in the kiln 1 are prevented from overflowing.

In the present disclosure, referring to fig. 1, the cross-sectional dimensions of the garbage bin 21 and the storage bin 23 are gradually reduced along the gravity direction, so that the garbage can be gathered and smoothly guided out under the action of gravity. In addition, in order to prevent the garbage from falling from two sides of the belt in the transportation process, wing plates can be additionally arranged on two sides of the belt.

It should be noted that, regarding the structure and type of the belt conveyor 22, those skilled in the art can make routine improvements on the existing material transporting machine. For the first unloading machine 81, a person skilled in the art can also make conventional improvements on the unloading machines in the prior art, and the disclosure is not detailed here.

In order to make the garbage sufficiently incineratable, referring to fig. 1, the conveying device 2 further comprises a crusher 24, and an outlet of the crusher 24 is communicated with the garbage bin 21. In this way, the waste can be pulverized into particles before entering the kiln 1, which is beneficial to increasing the contact area between the waste and air, fully incinerating the waste, and recovering and treating the incinerated waste.

In one possible design, the waste disposal system may further comprise a material guiding device 4. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the material guiding device 4 includes a feeding pipe 41, a stirring member 42, and a motor 43. Wherein the feeding pipe 41 is arranged vertically, which is beneficial to leading out the garbage under the action of gravity. The feeding pipe 41 has one end connected to the conveyor 2 and the other end extending into the chamber, so as to guide the garbage into the chamber. And the stirring piece 42 is rotatably arranged in the feeding pipe 41. And the motor 43 is in transmission connection with the stirring piece 42 so that the stirring piece 42 rotates along the rotation center of the stirring piece, the garbage can be prevented from being blocked in the feeding pipe 41, and the garbage can be guided into the chamber quickly and uniformly.

Wherein, be equipped with the cooling channel who is used for leading-in coolant liquid on the stirring 42, cooling channel communicates with each other with the atmosphere to lower the temperature to stirring 42, avoid steam burn stirring 42 and influence its life.

In particular, the cooling liquid may be water. In this way, the water in the cooling channel can be turned into steam after being heated and directly discharged to the atmosphere. Of course, the steam can also be introduced to other occasions where heat is needed, where possible, to achieve efficient use of the heat.

Alternatively, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the stirring member 42 may include a hollow shaft and a helical blade provided on the outer periphery of the hollow shaft, the helical blade being helically arranged along the axial center line of the hollow shaft so as to push the garbage into the chamber at a constant speed reliably.

And to the hollow shaft, then can set up the cooling water bucket at its top to pour into coolant liquid such as water towards the cooling water bucket, then reduce hollow shaft and helical blade's temperature, reduce the influence of kiln 1 high temperature to stirring 42, guarantee stirring 42's life.

In order to reduce the content of harmful substances (heavy metals and organic pollutants) generated in the storage process of the garbage, some small-particle lime is usually added into the garbage, so that the moisture in the garbage can be absorbed through the lime to reduce the water content of the garbage, so that the garbage can be fully incinerated, and the generation of gases such as carbon monoxide, nitric oxide or sulfur dioxide is effectively reduced. Meanwhile, the lime can also have the functions of killing insects, sterilizing, deodorizing and the like.

Limestone in small particles is incorporated into the waste, after which it can be incinerated together with the waste in a chamber, and by firing at high temperature in the kiln 1, the lime can be present in the waste ash in the form of lime blocks, which can be collected and put into use again.

In one possible design, and as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the waste treatment system further includes a spray chamber 51. The flue gas treatment device 3 comprises a gas guide pipe 31, a spraying mechanism 33 and an exhaust pipe 32. And the gas guide pipe 31 is respectively communicated with the cavity and the spraying chamber 51 and is used for guiding hot gas in the cavity into the spraying chamber 51. A spraying mechanism 33 for spraying a liquid toward the spray chamber 51. And an exhaust pipe 32 which is communicated with the shower chamber 51 and is used for leading out the gas in the shower chamber 51.

Thus, after the incinerated smoke enters the spray chamber 51 through the air duct 31, the spray mechanism 33 can spray liquid (the liquid is lime water) towards the spray chamber 51, and the lime water can precipitate the fly ash in the smoke and gather the fly ash to the bottom of the spray chamber 51, so that the sulfur dioxide and heavy metal hazardous waste in the smoke and the lime water are subjected to chemical reaction, and toxic and harmful substances in the smoke are reduced, and finally the discharged gas meets the waste discharge standard such as national standard B-18485 for controlling domestic waste incineration pollution 2014.

Then, the water at the bottom of the spray chamber 51 can be pumped into the filtering and extruding device by a sewage pump, and the mixture of the ash and the lime after filtering and extruding is dried and then is continuously put into a kiln for burning, thereby realizing the recycling of the lime.

The spraying mechanism 33 may include a spray pipe 331 and a water pump, among others. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, lime water may be sprayed into the spray chamber 51 by a water pump so that the lime water is sufficiently contacted with the fumes.

In one possible design, the waste disposal system may further include a water tank 91 and a water supply tank 92. Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the water tank 91 is disposed in the chamber, and the water tank 91 is provided with a plurality of steam pipes for guiding steam out, that is, the water tank 91 is heated by hot air in the kiln 1, so that water is heated and changed into steam, and the steam is guided to other occasions requiring heat.

And a water supply tank 92 connected to the water tank 91 through a water pipe to introduce water into the water tank 91, wherein the air guide tube 31 passes through the water supply tank 92. In this way, the smoke in the air duct 31 can absorb a part of the heat by the water in the water supply tank 92, thereby making full use of the thermal efficiency. Because the water supply tank 92 is communicated with the water tank 91 in the kiln 1, the water source in the water tank 91 can be directly supplemented.

In a possible design, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the kiln 1 is further provided with a smoke gasifier 61 for treating smoke in the chamber, the smoke gasifier 61 is arranged on the periphery of the water tank 91 and is connected with a blower 62, and one side of the smoke gasifier close to the water tank 91 is provided with a plurality of through holes.

In the present disclosure, blower 62 may be configured as a blower of model SK-800B. Of course, the blower 62 may be configured with any other suitable device capable of delivering air into the chamber, and the disclosure is not limited thereto.

Thus, carbon monoxide in the smoke generated during the incineration of the garbage is incinerated outside the through holes of the smoke gasifier 61, so that the smoke discharge amount generated during the incineration of the garbage is reduced, the smoke treatment is more efficient, the discharge is safer, the heat in the kiln can be increased, and the energy conversion efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the conversion efficiency of the water in the water tank 91 from the liquid state to the vapor state is also improved.

In the present disclosure, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the chamber comprises an incineration zone 11 for waste incineration and a cooling zone 12 for cooling the incinerated waste, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the incineration zone 11 and the cooling zone 12 are communicated. Wherein, the below of cooling space 12 is equipped with the district 13 of unloading that is used for deriving through burning and refrigerated rubbish, the district 13 of unloading communicates in cooling space 12 through discharge mechanism to in time derive the lime-ash according to the condition of burning of rubbish in kiln 1, in order to reserve out more spaces, be convenient for carry out the burning of rubbish. The discharging area 13 is communicated with the culvert 52, so that ash can be conveyed to the outside in time through the culvert 52, and the influence on the normal work of the discharging mechanism caused by excessive accumulation is avoided.

In the exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the cooling zone 12 is in a funnel shape with a gradually decreasing caliber from top to bottom, so as to facilitate the smooth discharge of the garbage after sufficient incineration.

Alternatively, the discharge mechanism is a second discharger 82. The feeding end of the second unloader 82 is communicated with the cooling zone 12, and the outlet end of the second unloader 82 is communicated with the discharging zone 13, so that ash can be effectively discharged in time, and the discharge amount of the ash can be controlled.

The structure of the second unloader 82 can be modified from the conventional unloader in the prior art, and the disclosure is not detailed here.

In order to improve the incineration efficiency and the incineration quality of the garbage, in an exemplary embodiment provided by the present disclosure, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the garbage disposal system may further include a plurality of sets of air inlet pipes 71 communicated with the chamber, and a plurality of sets of blowers 72 communicated with the air inlet pipes 71 in a one-to-one correspondence to introduce air into the chamber.

Therefore, air can be respectively supplied to a plurality of parts of the cavity from bottom to top, on one hand, redundant heat in the kiln body can be taken away, so that the temperature in the kiln body is maintained in a normal range, the waste incineration speed can be adjusted, and the temperature reduction speed of the waste incinerated in the cooling area 12 can be improved; on the other hand, oxygen can be supplied to the incineration area 11 to fully incinerate the garbage, so that the smoke discharge amount generated during the incineration of the garbage is reduced, the smoke treatment is more efficient, the discharge is safer, the heat in the kiln can be increased, and the energy conversion efficiency is improved.

In the present disclosure, a blower model SK-800B is selected. For the specific type and size of the blower 72, one skilled in the art can flexibly configure the configuration according to the size of the chamber.

In addition, a plurality of air guide pipes 73 communicated with the cavity can be arranged, and the air guide pipes 73 are communicated with the atmosphere so as to convey air into the cavity to help fully incinerate the garbage.

In the present disclosure, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the kiln 1 may include a refractory brick layer 101, a reinforced concrete wall layer 102 and a concrete dado layer 103 which are sequentially connected along the chamber toward the outside. Therefore, the firmness of the structure of the kiln 1 can be improved, and the damage to the surrounding environment during garbage incineration can be reduced.

In the present disclosure, the kiln 1 may be disposed underground, thereby reducing the occupation of ground space.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention is not limited to the details of the above embodiments, and the technical concept of the present invention can be within the scope of the present invention to perform various simple modifications to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention does not separately describe various possible combinations.

In addition, various embodiments of the present invention can be combined arbitrarily, and the disclosed content should be regarded as the present invention as long as it does not violate the idea of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A waste disposal system, comprising:

the kiln (1) is provided with a chamber for burning garbage;

the conveying device (2) is communicated with the kiln (1) and is used for conveying the garbage into the chamber; and

the smoke treatment device (3) is communicated with the cavity and is used for guiding out smoke generated in the incineration of the garbage so as to heat materials;

the conveying device (2) comprises:

the garbage bin (21) is used for temporarily storing externally introduced garbage, and a first unloading machine (81) is further arranged on the garbage bin (21) and used for closing or opening a discharge hole of the garbage bin (21);

the bin (23) is arranged at the top of the chamber, and a gate is further arranged on the bin (23) and used for closing or opening a discharge port of the bin (23); and

the belt conveyor (22), belt conveyor (22) one end with the discharge gate is linked together, and the other end is located in feed bin (23), in order to be used for with rubbish among garbage bin (21) is leading-in feed bin (23).

2. Waste disposal system according to claim 1, wherein the conveyor device (2) further comprises a crusher (24), the discharge opening of the crusher (24) communicating with the waste bin (21).

3. A waste disposal system as defined in claim 1, further comprising a material guide device (4), the material guide device (4) comprising:

the feeding pipe (41) is vertically arranged, one end of the feeding pipe (41) is communicated with the conveying device (2), and the other end of the feeding pipe extends to the cavity;

a stirring member (42) rotatably provided in the feeding pipe (41); and

the motor (43) is in transmission connection with the stirring piece (42) so as to enable the stirring piece (42) to rotate along the rotation center of the stirring piece;

wherein, a cooling channel for leading in cooling liquid is arranged on the stirring piece (42), and the cooling channel is communicated with the atmosphere.

4. A waste disposal system as defined in claim 1, further comprising a spray chamber (51);

the flue gas treatment device (3) comprises:

the gas guide pipe (31) is communicated with the cavity and the spraying chamber (51) respectively and is used for guiding hot gas in the cavity into the spraying chamber (51);

a spraying mechanism (33) for spraying a liquid toward the spray chamber (51); and

and the exhaust pipe (32) is communicated with the spray chamber (51) and is used for leading out the gas in the spray chamber (51).

5. A waste disposal system as defined in claim 4, further comprising:

the water tank (91) is arranged in the cavity, and a plurality of steam pipes for leading out steam are arranged on the water tank (91); and

a water supply tank (92) connected to the water tank (91) through a water pipe to introduce water into the water tank (91);

wherein the air duct (31) passes through the water supply tank (92).

6. A waste treatment system according to claim 5, characterized in that the kiln (1) is further provided with a smoke gasifier (61) for treating smoke in the chamber, the smoke gasifier (61) is arranged at the periphery of the water tank (91) and is connected with a blower (62), and one side of the smoke gasifier close to the water tank (91) is provided with a plurality of through holes.

7. Waste treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that the chamber comprises an incineration zone (11) for the incineration of waste and a cooling zone (12) for cooling the incinerated waste, which incineration zone (11) and cooling zone (12) are in communication, arranged in sequence from top to bottom;

wherein a discharging area (13) used for guiding the incinerated and cooled garbage is arranged below the cooling area (12), the discharging area (13) is communicated with the cooling area (12) through a discharging mechanism, and the discharging area (13) is communicated with a culvert (52).

8. A waste disposal system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising:

a plurality of groups of air inlet pipes (71) communicated with the chamber; and

a plurality of sets of blowers (72) which are communicated with the air inlet pipe (71) in a one-to-one correspondence manner so as to introduce air into the chamber;

wherein the air inlet pipes (71) are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the chamber.

9. A waste treatment system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the kiln (1) comprises a refractory brick layer (101), a reinforced concrete wall layer (102) and a concrete wall layer (103) connected in sequence along the chamber towards the outside.

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