CN214738973U

CN214738973U - Novel dynamic phase change material wall structure

Info

Publication number: CN214738973U
Application number: CN202023316129.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 阿卜杜勒·加尼·瑞泽普; 王冰; 张贵晓
Original assignee: Nankai University
Current assignee: Nankai University
Priority date: 2020-12-31
Filing date: 2020-12-31
Publication date: 2021-11-16
Anticipated expiration: 2030-12-31

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel developments phase change material wall structure, this phase change material wall structure comprises the material of four layers of different thickness, including gypsum layer, insulating layer, Phase Change Material (PCM) layer and brick, the thickness scope is 8-30, 40-100, 25-35 and 100 respectively and gives other materials 120 mm. Wherein, the brick layer is located the outside, and the gypsum layer is located the innermost. The positions of the phase change material layer and the heat insulation layer can change, and in the daytime, the novel phase change material wall is respectively provided with bricks, the phase change material layer, the heat insulation layer and the gypsum layer from outside to inside; at night, the phase change material layer and the thermal insulation layer exchange positions. When the novel phase-change material wall structure works, in winter and daytime, the phase-change material positioned on the outer side is influenced by the irradiation of the sun and the external temperature, and melts and absorbs heat; at night in winter, the phase change material layer is located on the inner side of the heat insulation layer, when the external temperature is reduced to the phase change temperature, the phase change material begins to solidify and releases heat to the indoor space, and therefore the heat insulation effect on the room is achieved in winter.

Description

Novel dynamic phase change material wall structure

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a building energy conservation field especially relates to an utilize energy-conserving novel dynamic phase change material wall structure of outside heat source in building enclosure.

Background

The thermal energy storage technology is an energy-saving technology that utilizes a phase change material to change its physical state and store or recover its latent heat within a small temperature range. The phase change material is a very potential energy storage material, can absorb or release energy by changing the state of a substance through phase change under the condition of basically unchanged temperature, and has very strong capability of absorbing or releasing heat. Taking the solid-liquid phase change example, when the material is heated to the melting temperature, the phase change material generates the phase change from the solid state to the liquid state, and absorbs and stores a large amount of latent heat; when the phase change material is cooled, the stored heat is dissipated to the environment within a certain temperature range, and reverse phase change from liquid to solid is carried out. Phase change materials can be divided into organic, inorganic and eutectic phase change materials. Organic phase change materials are classified into paraffin and non-paraffin. Non-paraffins include a wide variety of organic materials such as fatty acids, esters, alcohols, and glycols, among others. Inorganic phase change materials are divided into hydrated salts and metals (metals have too high a melting temperature for passive construction applications). A eutectic is the smallest molten component consisting of two or more components, each of which melts and solidifies during crystallization to form a mixture of component crystals. The phase change material not only has high heat storage density, but also can reduce the temperature fluctuation of a building. The method can be used for solar energy systems, industrial waste heat utilization and the like. The phase change material can be used for absorbing solar energy, and the absorbed energy of heating or refrigeration of a building not only provides an extremely advantageous solution for the storage of the solar energy, but also can reduce the loads of heating, ventilation and air conditioning in the building, thereby reducing the energy consumption.

Passive solar energy capture and storage does not require external power or mechanical equipment because it uses building features and building construction materials to convert sunlight into heat. The energy can replace most of the traditional energy used for building heating. The most desirable feature of buildings heated by passive solar energy is the ability to absorb the maximum amount of solar radiation during the day, effectively storing excess heat and gradually releasing it when needed. Based on the above discussion, the innovative technology of heating buildings by using passive solar energy plays an important role in improving the efficiency of building heating energy. In addition, the building outer wall is used as the most important component of the building envelope structure, and plays an important role in the aspects of heating energy conservation, improving indoor environment, improving the comfort level of living space and the like. In the application of passive buildings, the structure of the outer wall plays a decisive role in meeting the performance requirements of green low energy consumption, heating insulation with higher requirements and the like.

Traditional building heating consumes a large amount of fossil energy, and combustion of fossil fuel can generate a large amount of CO2 and other greenhouse gases, so that the greenhouse effect is caused, and pollution problems such as acid rain and the like are also caused. Therefore, as the consumption of fossil energy increases year by year, the environmental pollution is also more and more serious. In the traditional phase change energy storage technology, the structure in the building is relatively fixed, so that the energy-saving efficiency needs to be improved.

Therefore, the heating energy can be saved by innovating and reasonably modifying the structure of the outer wall, the energy efficiency is improved, and the environmental pollution caused by buildings is reduced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a not enough to prior art, the utility model provides an utilize energy-conserving novel dynamic phase change material wall structure of outside heat source in building enclosure possesses the characteristics of intellectuality and energy saving, has reduced the fluctuation of indoor temperature in the building, has improved the comfort level of building, has higher energy efficiency, and the traditional heating in winter of solution and summer cooling energy consumption are big, pollute serious problem.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: utilize energy-conserving novel developments phase change material wall construction of external heat source among the building envelope, including the brick layer, the brick layer is located whole wall body outside, covers whole wall, and there are heat insulation layer and Phase Change Material (PCM) layer brick layer inboard, and the heat insulation layer also covers whole wall, and Phase Change Material (PCM) layer area is 0.8 meters 1.0 meters, and the gypsum layer is located the most inboard of whole wall body to also cover whole wall body. The Phase Change Material (PCM) layer and the thermal insulation layer are differently positioned during the winter day and night, and the position of the Phase Change Material (PCM) layer with respect to the thermal insulation layer is changed. In winter, the brick layer is located the whole wall body outside, and the brick layer inboard is the Phase Change Material (PCM) layer, and Phase Change Material (PCM) layer inboard is the heat insulation layer, and the heat insulation layer inboard is the gypsum layer. At night in winter, the brick layer is located the whole wall body outside, and the brick layer inboard is the heat insulation layer, and the heat insulation layer inboard is Phase Change Material (PCM) layer, and Phase Change Material (PCM) layer inboard is the gypsum layer.

The thickness of the gypsum layer is 8-30mm, the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 40-100mm, the thickness of the Phase Change Material (PCM) layer is 25-35mm, and the thickness of the brick layer is 100-120 mm.

The Phase Change Material (PCM) layer is located on the second layer of the phase change material wall structure on the outer side in winter and located on the third layer of the phase change material wall structure on the outer side in winter and at night.

The heat insulation layer is located on the third layer on the outer side of the phase change material wall structure in the daytime in winter, and the heat insulation layer is located on the second layer on the outer side of the phase change material wall structure in the evening in winter.

The Phase Change Material (PCM) layer and the thermal insulation layer rotate along the spandrel girder, the Phase Change Material (PCM) layer rotates towards the south (rotates towards the outer side of the wall) in the daytime, the thermal insulation layer is arranged behind the Phase Change Material (PCM) layer, and the Phase Change Material (PCM) layer is moved behind the thermal insulation layer at night.

The positions of the thermal insulation layer and the Phase Change Material (PCM) layer can be interchanged through a rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is arranged between the heat insulation layer and the phase change material layer and is positioned at the position of the circle center in figure 2. The power can be used for electricity, the automatic control can be realized, a certain time is set, and the system can automatically turn over the rotating shaft at the set time to change the position of the phase-change material.

The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: the novel dynamic phase change material wall structure can change the position of a Phase Change Material (PCM) layer relative to a heat insulation layer when in use. The change of the position of the Phase Change Material (PCM) layer and the thermal insulation layer may be achieved by a rotating shaft. The shaft is composed of a Phase Change Material (PCM) layer and a thermal insulation layer. The Phase Change Material (PCM) layer and the thermal insulation layer may be divided into several rotation axes. One side of the rotating shaft is provided with a Phase Change Material (PCM) and the other side is provided with a heat insulating layer. In winter, the sun shines on the outer wall of the building, and the Phase Change Material (PCM) layer rotates to the outer side of the wall, namely the wall structure is arranged from the outside to the inside of the second layer. Correspondingly, the heat insulating layer is positioned at the inner side of the Phase Change Material (PCM) layer, namely the third layer of the wall structure from outside to inside. The Phase Change Material (PCM) layer positioned outside the heat insulating layer can absorb solar radiation energy caused by solar irradiation, and the phase change material coated in the Phase Change Material (PCM) layer can relatively quickly melt and store the energy together with the rise of the external temperature.

At night in winter, the Phase Change Material (PCM) layer rotates to the inner side of the wall body, namely the third layer of the wall body structure from outside to inside. Correspondingly, the thermal insulation layer is located outside the Phase Change Material (PCM) layer, i.e. the second layer of the wall structure from outside to inside. Be located the inboard Phase Change Material (PCM) layer of heat insulation layer, the phase change material of the inside can solidify under the low temperature condition of external world, the latent heat of storing in phase change material daytime is released, these latent heats are released to wall body both sides, because Phase Change Material (PCM) layer outside is the heat insulation layer this moment, so the latent heat of outside release is very few, inside most latent heat released the building through the gypsum layer, in order to supply the building to keep warm evening, reduce the air conditioner, warm air, warm up the use of heating facilities such as, the energy saving.

The key feature of this solution is dynamic with respect to conventional fixed-position phase change material walls, since the PCM position within the wall can be switched. The relative performance of the structure was compared to that of a similar static PCM wall and to that of a PCM-free wall structure. It is assumed that these walls are part of the buildings of Tianjin and Harbin, China, where one is relatively warm and the other is relatively cold. All analyses were performed using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and the CFD model was validated using available experimental data.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has the following technical effects:

1. compared to conventional PCM-free wall structures, dynamic PCM walls can save up to 89% of external energy to keep the winter model room temperature within the recommended range.

2. Under the same conditions, nominally the same static PCM wall can save 13% of the required external energy.

3. Only 0.32kg of inorganic PCM per cubic meter of room heating space is needed to achieve the above energy saving effect.

4. Compared to previously reported results, the new phase change material wall structure is most efficient in terms of energy savings per unit PCM.

5. Detailed CFD modeling can optimize wall operation and maximize energy savings.

6. Although the degree of energy savings per unit of PCM mass will vary depending on the prevailing solar radiation and outdoor temperature conditions, the dynamic nature of the walls allows one to optimize its performance for specific weather conditions.

CFD analysis of the dynamic wall for five consecutive days under recorded temperature and solar radiation conditions showed that the wall could run continuously with reduced efficiency.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a room containing a novel dynamic PCM wall structure.

In the figure: 1. a roof; 2. a window; 3. a PCM wall; 4. a floor; 5. and a door.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the orientation of PCM in the novel dynamic PCM wall structure.

In the figure: 6. a gypsum layer; 7. a heat insulating layer; 8. a PCM layer; 9. and (5) brick layer.

Fig. 3 shows a novel dynamic PCM wall structure (before rotation).

Fig. 4 shows the new dynamic PCM wall structure (after spinning).

Fig. 5 is a graph of the temperature change in Tianjin city of a room containing the novel dynamic PCM wall structure during the winter day.

Fig. 6 is a graph of the temperature change in Tianjin city of a room containing the novel dynamic PCM wall structure in winter at night.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The utility model aims at providing an utilize energy-conserving novel dynamic phase change material wall structure of outside heat source in building enclosure, possess characteristics intelligent and energy saving, reduce the fluctuation of indoor temperature in the building, improve the comfort level of building, improve energy efficiency, the traditional heating in winter of solution and summer cooling energy consumption are big, pollute serious problem.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.

Example 1

The present embodiment provides a novel dynamic phase change material wall structure for saving energy by using an external heat source in a building envelope, which is located at 1 in a room structure shown in fig. 1. The utility model discloses an utilize energy-conserving novel dynamic phase change material wall structure of external heat source in building envelope, including the brick layer, the brick level is in whole wall body outside, covers whole wall, as shown in fig. 2, there are heat insulation layer and Phase Change Material (PCM) layer brick in situ side, and the heat insulation layer also covers whole wall, and Phase Change Material (PCM) layer area is 0.8 meters 1.0 meters, and the gypsum layer is located the most inboard of whole wall body to also cover whole wall body. The Phase Change Material (PCM) layer and the thermal insulation layer are differently positioned during the winter day and night, and the position of the Phase Change Material (PCM) layer with respect to the thermal insulation layer is changed as shown in fig. 3 and 4. In winter, the brick layer is located the whole wall body outside, and the brick layer inboard is the Phase Change Material (PCM) layer, and Phase Change Material (PCM) layer inboard is the heat insulation layer, and the heat insulation layer inboard is the gypsum layer. At night in winter, the brick layer is located the whole wall body outside, and the brick layer inboard is the heat insulation layer, and the heat insulation layer inboard is Phase Change Material (PCM) layer, and Phase Change Material (PCM) layer inboard is the gypsum layer.

When the novel dynamic phase change material wall structure works, the rotator consisting of the phase change material layer and the heat insulation layer rotates to control the position of the phase change material layer. In Tianjin, in winter, in order to better melt the phase-change material and absorb the heat of solar radiation, the phase-change material layer is rotated to the outer side by rotating the rotating shaft, and finally the phase-change material is basically completely melted. At night, in order to release heat released by the solidification of the phase change material into the room, the phase change material layer is rotated to a side close to the room by the rotation shaft. When the phase-change material is solidified, latent heat stored in the phase-change material can be released, and the latent heat is released indoors to heat rooms, so that the indoor heat preservation effect is achieved, and the energy consumption of heating is reduced. Fig. 5 is a graph of the temperature change in Tianjin city of a room containing the novel dynamic PCM wall structure during the winter day. Fig. 6 is a graph of the temperature change in Tianjin city of a room containing the novel dynamic PCM wall structure in winter at night.

Example 2

This example compares the performance of the proposed wall structure with two similar wall structures, one without PCM and the other with fixed PCM positions, called fixed (static) phase change material wall structures. A Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method is adopted, and experimental comparison is carried out, so that the CFD model can accurately simulate the heat transfer and air flow coupling effect. Through research on phase change and room temperature of PCM in 2 months and 24 hours in Tianjin and Harbin cities, the dynamic phase change material wall body provided by the invention can save 89% and 49% of external energy respectively compared with the traditional heat preservation wall body without phase change materials, so that the room temperature of Tianjin and Harbin can be kept in the recommended range of human comfort. In the same phaseInstead, the corresponding savings achieved by static PCM walls are 6% and 13%, respectively. Using only 0.32kg of mainly CaCl per cubic meter of space₂The resulting inorganic PCM can achieve a reduction in these energy sources. This amount was almost 50% of the minimum amount used by previous investigators, but also provided equally satisfactory results. The result also shows that the maximum temperature in the daytime of Tianjin city can be reduced by about 4 ℃ by using the system in winter, so as to prevent overheating.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a novel developments phase change material wall structure which characterized in that: the phase change material wall structure comprises a gypsum layer, a thermal insulation layer, a Phase Change Material (PCM) layer and a brick layer; the brick layer is located the first layer in the outside of phase change material wall structure, the gypsum layer is located the first layer in the inboard of phase change material wall structure.

2. The novel dynamic phase change material wall structure of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the gypsum layer is 8-30mm, the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 40-100mm, the thickness of the Phase Change Material (PCM) layer is 25-35mm, and the thickness of the brick layer is 100-120 mm.

3. The novel dynamic phase change material wall structure of claim 1, wherein: the positions of the thermal insulation layer and the Phase Change Material (PCM) layer are interchangeable through a rotating shaft.

4. The novel dynamic phase change material wall structure of claim 1, wherein: the Phase Change Material (PCM) layer is located on the second layer of the phase change material wall structure on the outer side in winter and located on the third layer of the phase change material wall structure on the outer side in winter and at night.

5. The novel dynamic phase change material wall structure of claim 1, wherein: the heat insulation layer is located on the third layer on the outer side of the phase change material wall structure in the daytime in winter, and the heat insulation layer is located on the second layer on the outer side of the phase change material wall structure in the evening in winter.

6. The novel dynamic phase change material wall structure of claim 1, wherein: the Phase Change Material (PCM) layer and the thermal insulation layer rotate along the spandrel girder, the Phase Change Material (PCM) layer will rotate south during the day, the thermal insulation layer is behind the Phase Change Material (PCM) layer, and the Phase Change Material (PCM) layer is moved behind the thermal insulation layer at night.