CN214660273U

CN214660273U - Mechanized mining system of flexible shield support of steeply inclined coal seam

Info

Publication number: CN214660273U
Application number: CN202120215224.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 伍永平; 王同; 罗生虎; 孙明明
Original assignee: Xian University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Xian University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2021-01-26
Filing date: 2021-01-26
Publication date: 2021-11-09
Anticipated expiration: 2031-01-26

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of coal mining, and discloses a flexible shield support mechanized mining system for a steep coal seam, which comprises a working face transportation lane, a working face return airway and a coal face; an integral flexible shield support and a coal mining mechanism are arranged in the coal face; and a support disassembling station for disassembling the flexible shield support monomer is arranged in the working face transportation lane, and a support assembling station for assembling the flexible shield support monomer is arranged in the working face return air lane. The utility model relates to a rationally, the small investment and construction convenience, can effectively solve the problem that the mechanized mining degree of difficulty is big in the steeply inclined coal seam, can realize mechanized, automatic, unmanned intelligent exploitation, be applicable to the coal seam of complicated difficult exploitation such as the inclination is big.

Description

Mechanized mining system of flexible shield support of steeply inclined coal seam

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of coal mining, concretely relates to flexible shield support mechanized mining system in steeply inclined coal seam.

Background

The steeply inclined coal seam refers to a coal seam with an incidence inclination angle larger than 45 degrees, accounts for 10-20% of the coal exploration reserves in China, and is a high-quality or scarce resource. Because of its large inclination, the instability increases, leading to greater mining difficulties. Therefore, how to safely and efficiently mine the steeply inclined coal seam is one of the important problems to be solved in the development of a plurality of mining areas.

At present, in order to improve the safe production conditions of a coal face and ensure the stability of a bottom plate and a top plate system of the coal face, the coal face in a steep coal seam is generally arranged in a pseudo-inclined manner, and in the related technology, the steep coal seam is mined by a flexible shield support coal mining method. The flexible shield support coal mining method is a non-mechanical coal mining method for a steeply inclined coal seam used in experiments in the Huainan mining area of China in the last 50-60 years. The method adopts a steel wire rope to connect the I-shaped steel for the mine to form a flexible support, and the flexible support is laid along the whole length of the coal face; the coal face coal fall adopts a 'manual and blasting' mode, namely, the coal bed is loosened by using the blasting mode, then workers enter the flexible shield support to mine coal, and the coal automatically slides to a face haulage roadway through an enamel (iron sheet) chute.

The coal face support system is stable, easy to operate and low in investment, manual mining is needed, the operation environment is severe, potential safety hazards are large, mining efficiency is low, and the method cannot meet the requirements for comprehensive production efficiency of coal mining at present.

On the other hand, when coal mining is carried out by using the flexible shield support coal mining method, along with the continuous propulsion of a coal face, the flexible shield support not only can move in the direction of a coal wall under the pressure action of a goaf, but also can move downwards along the coal face under the action of self gravity, so that the lower end of the coal face is provided with more flexible shield supports, and the upper end of the coal face can correspondingly reduce part of the flexible shield supports. In order to ensure that the support range of the flexible shield support can meet the requirements of a coal face, workers are often required to transfer and install the flexible shield support at the lower end to the upper end of the coal face, the support transferring and supporting process is complex and tedious, the labor intensity of the workers is greatly increased, and the mining efficiency of a steeply inclined coal seam is seriously influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

For solving exist among the prior art more than not enough, the utility model aims at providing a flexible shield support mechanized mining system in steeply inclined coal seam to reach the purpose of guaranteeing mine safety production, improving workman's operational environment and promoting coal exploitation and synthesize the product effect.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a mechanized mining system of a flexible shield support of a steep coal seam comprises a working face transportation lane and a working face air return lane which are arranged in parallel along the direction of the coal seam, and a coal face which is obliquely arranged in the coal seam in a pitching mode; the coal mining mechanism comprises a walking part matched with the integral flexible shield support and a cutting part with the rotation direction vertical to a coal wall; and a support disassembling station for disassembling the flexible shield support single body is arranged at the end part of the working face transportation lane connected with the coal face, and a support assembling station for assembling the flexible shield support single body is arranged at the end part of the working face return airway connected with the coal face.

As a limitation of the utility model, the device also comprises a climbing tunnel for transferring the flexible shield support monomer from the working face transportation tunnel to the working face return airway; the uphill roadway is arranged in front of the coal face.

As another limitation of the utility model, the flexible shield support single body comprises a top beam, a shield beam and a bottom beam which are hinged into a whole in sequence; wherein, an active telescopic strut is arranged between the top beam and the bottom beam.

As a further limitation of the utility model, the bottom beam of the flexible shield support monomer is provided with an assembled flexible rack rail; a gear rail clamping device matched with the assembled flexible rack rail is arranged on one side, in the coal mining mechanism, of the walking part, which is in contact with the single bottom beam of the flexible shield support, and a crawler device is arranged on one side, in the walking part, which is in contact with the single top beam of the flexible shield support.

As a further limitation of the utility model, the coal mining machine also comprises a traction mechanism for ensuring the stable walking of the coal mining mechanism; the traction mechanism comprises a walking winch arranged on a return airway of the working face and a steel strand arranged in the coal face and connected with the walking winch.

As the utility model discloses an other are injectd, still are equipped with the enamel chute in the free floorbar of flexible shield support, the enamel chute links firmly in an organic whole through hydraulic pressure mechanism and flexible shield support monomer floorbar.

Since the technical scheme is adopted, compared with the prior art, the utility model, the beneficial effect who gains is:

(1) in the coal mining system disclosed by the utility model, the mechanized mining of the steeply inclined coal seam is realized by utilizing the coal mining mechanism, and the problems of large potential safety hazard and low mining efficiency of the 'manual + blasting' coal mining mode are effectively solved; the support disassembling station is arranged in the working face transportation lane, and the support assembling station is arranged in the working face return air lane, so that the disassembling of the flexible shield support monomer at the lower end of the coal face and the installation at the upper end of the coal face can be automatically completed, the mechanization and automation of support moving and supporting are easily realized, and the supporting range of the integral flexible shield support in the advancing process of the coal face can be ensured to meet the requirements of the coal face all the time. The mining system is simple in arrangement, mechanical and automatic operation of coal mining is easy to realize, the working environment of workers is improved, the labor intensity of the workers is reduced, and meanwhile, the efficient comprehensive production efficiency of coal mining can be guaranteed.

(2) The utility model discloses an among the coal mining system, the direction of rotation of coal mining mechanism cutting unit changes the perpendicular to coal wall direction into by the tradition in a parallel with the coal wall direction, and cutting unit can fully contact with the coal wall, can also reduce not hard up coal seam to cutting unit's running resistance when improving coal mining efficiency.

(3) The utility model discloses an among the coal mining system, be provided with active telescopic prop between flexible shield support free floorbar and the back timber, can improve flexible shield support monomer bearing pressure's ability on the one hand, on the other hand also is convenient for the regulation of flexible shield support monomer height, guarantees that flexible shield support monomer is to the good strut of coal face.

(4) The utility model discloses an among the coal mining system, can transport flexible shield support monomer from the working face transportation lane to working face return air way fast through the tunnel of going up a hill, realize the free recycling of flexible shield support, when guaranteeing coal face safety high efficiency circulation propulsion, still reduced the required cost of production.

(5) The utility model discloses an among the coal mining system, the walking portion of coal mining mechanism includes crawler attachment and gear card rail device, and crawler attachment provides walking power for coal mining mechanism, and gear card rail device installs on the assembled flexible gear in flexible shield support monomer floorbar, forms the guide effect to coal-winning machine configuration, can effectively guarantee the operation of coal mining mechanism safety and stability.

(6) The utility model discloses a drive mechanism who sets up among the coal mining system can assist the crawler attachment on the one hand and provide certain walking power for coal mining mechanism, and on the other hand then can assist gear card rail device to lead coal mining mechanism, prevents that coal mining mechanism from moving downwards to the coal wall side at the coal mining in-process, can effectively improve the security of coal face.

(7) The utility model discloses an among the coal mining system, the scalable enameled trough that sets up on the flexible shield support monomer floorbar moves the frame not influencing flexible shield support monomer to when cutting units caused destruction to enameled trough in preventing to cut coal mechanism, can realize the transportation of the swift current of coal face coal.

(8) The utility model discloses when arranging the tunnel system, can the selective arrangement reserve tunnel, when the distance is greater than 1500 meters between coal face and the overhead roadway, reserve tunnel can regard as the special tunnel of flexible shield support monomer transportation, comes the free transportation distance of suitable reduction flexible shield support, guarantees the free rapid transit and the assembly of flexible shield support, and then does the effective range of strutting of the whole flexible shield support of high-efficient replenishment when moving the frame and strut.

To sum up, the utility model relates to a rationally, simple technique and construction convenience, can effectively solve the problem that the mechanized mining degree of difficulty is big in the steeply inclined coal seam, reduce the equipment investment in the very big degree, can realize mechanized, automatic, unmanned intelligent exploitation, be applicable to the coal seam of complicated difficult exploitation such as the inclination is big.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a plan view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view at a coal face in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a flexible shield support unit in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a front view of the coal mining mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a structural side view of a coal mining mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a fabricated flexible gear according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a working face haulage roadway; 2. a working face return airway; 3. a coal face; 4. climbing a roadway; 5. a standby roadway; 6. an integral flexible shield support; 7. a top beam; 8. covering the beam; 9. a bottom beam; 10. an active telescopic strut; 11. a coal mining mechanism; 12. a traveling section; 13. a cutting part; 14. a traveling winch; 15. steel strand wires; 16. a support removal station; 17. a rack assembly station; 18. an enamel chute; 19. a hydraulic mechanism; 20. a crawler unit; 21. gear card rail device.

Detailed Description

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration and understanding only and are not intended to limit the invention.

Embodiment 1 mechanized mining system of flexible shield support of steeply inclined coal seam

The embodiment is mainly suitable for coal seams with inclination angles larger than 45 degrees, is simple in arrangement, can realize unmanned mining, and can effectively solve the problem of high difficulty in mechanized mining of steeply inclined coal seams.

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment includes a working face haulage roadway 1 and a working face return airway 2 arranged in parallel along the coal seam strike, and a coal face 3 disposed in the coal seam in a pseudo-inclined manner and communicating with the working face haulage roadway 1 and the working face return airway 2. The working face transportation lane 1 is positioned at the lowest end of the coal mining working face 3 and extends to the boundary of a coal mining area, and a track is laid inside the working face transportation lane so as to transport the mined coal to the outside; the working face air return roadway 2 is positioned at the uppermost end of the coal mining working face 3 and extends to the boundary of a coal mining area, and a ventilation fan is arranged inside the coal mining working face air return roadway and mainly provides fresh air flow for the interior of a mine. Because this embodiment is mainly directed at the exploitation of the steeply inclined coal seam, so when excavating working face haulage way 1 and working face return airway 2, working face return airway 2 generally leads working face haulage way 1 by a certain distance.

More specifically, an integral flexible shield support 6 is paved in the coal face 3 to form a supporting structure for the goaf. In this embodiment, the integral flexible shield support 6 is formed by connecting a plurality of flexible shield support monomers by using steel wire ropes or round-link chains. As shown in fig. 3, each flexible shield support unit is made of i-steel or special section steel for mining, is in a polygonal structure, and comprises a top beam 7, a shield beam 8 and a bottom beam 9 which are sequentially hinged. Wherein, an active telescopic strut 10 for bearing the goaf extrusion force is also arranged between the top beam 7 and the bottom beam 9. In this embodiment, the active telescopic prop 10 is a hydraulic telescopic cylinder.

In the coal face 3, a coal mining mechanism 11 is arranged in the area formed by the integral flexible shield support 6. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the coal mining mechanism 11 includes a walking part 12 and a cutting part 13, wherein a gear rail clamping device 21 is arranged on one side of the walking part 12 close to the flexible shield support single bottom beam 9, and a crawler device 20 is arranged on one side of the walking part 12 close to the flexible shield support single top beam 7. More specifically, an assembled flexible rack rail which can be matched with the gear rail clamping device 21 is fixedly arranged on the flexible shield support single bottom beam 9, so that when the coal mining mechanism 11 moves by means of the crawler device 20, the assembled flexible rack rail can guide the coal mining mechanism 11, and the safety and stability of the operation of the coal mining mechanism 11 are further ensured. As shown in fig. 6, the fabricated flexible gear is formed by connecting a plurality of racks by rack connecting pins.

The cutting part 13 in the coal mining mechanism 11 is connected to the rear of the walking part 12 through a transmission cantilever and is a rotary drum with a cutting blade. In order to make the cutting part 13 contact with the coal wall sufficiently, in the present embodiment, the rotation direction of the cutting part 13 is perpendicular to the direction of the coal wall.

In this embodiment, a traction mechanism for ensuring stable walking of the coal mining mechanism 11 is further provided, and as shown in fig. 1, the traction mechanism includes a walking winch 14 disposed in the working face air return 2 and a steel strand 15 disposed in the coal mining working face 3, wherein one end of the steel strand 15 is fixed to the walking winch 14, and the other end is fixed to the walking portion 12 of the coal mining mechanism 11. When the coal mining machine works, the traction mechanism not only can provide walking power for the coal mining mechanism 11, but also can be used as a stabilizing device to prevent the coal mining mechanism 11 from moving downwards towards the coal wall side.

Along with the advancing of the coal face 3, the integral flexible shield support 6 moves in the direction of the coal wall under the action of pushing force of the rear goaf, and meanwhile, moves downwards along the inclined direction of the coal face 3 under the action of self gravity. In order to ensure that the supporting range of the integral flexible shield support 6 can always meet the requirements of the coal face, the embodiment forms a set of support dismounting and transferring system by using the working face transportation lane 1 and the working face return airway 2. As shown in fig. 1, on the basis of the working face transportation lane 1 and the working face return airway 2, the support dismounting and transferring system further includes a support dismounting station 16, a support assembling station 17 and an uphill lane 4.

The support disassembling station 16 is fixedly arranged in the working face transportation lane 1, is positioned at the end part of the working face transportation lane 1 connected with the coal face 3, and is used for disassembling the flexible shield support single body at the lower end of the coal face 3; the support assembling station 17 is fixedly arranged on the working face return airway 2, is positioned at the end part of the working face return airway 2 connected with the coal face 3, and is used for assembling the flexible shield support monomer detached from the support detaching station 16. In this embodiment, the support disassembling station 16 and the support assembling station 17 are both manipulators for disassembling and assembling the flexible shield support single body in the prior art. The uphill roadway 4 is arranged in front of the coal face 3, and a track is laid in the uphill roadway and used for transferring the flexible shield support monomer from the face transportation roadway 1 to the face return airway 2.

In order to realize the self-sliding transportation of coal on the coal face, in the embodiment, a telescopic enamel chute 18 is also arranged in the bottom beam 9 of the flexible shield support single body. As shown in fig. 3, the enamel chute 18 is fixedly connected with the bottom beam 9 of the flexible shield support single body through a hydraulic mechanism 19. In this embodiment, the hydraulic mechanism 19 is a hydraulic telescopic cylinder, and under the action of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder, the enamel chute 18 can extend out of or retract into the bottom beam 9 of the flexible shield support unit.

Embodiment 2 mechanized mining method for flexible shield support of steeply inclined coal seam

In this embodiment, the mechanized mining system of the flexible shield support for the steeply inclined coal seam in embodiment 1 is applied, and mechanized, automated, and efficient coal mining operation for the steeply inclined coal seam is realized through a simple extraction process. The method specifically comprises the following steps in sequence:

step S1, arranging roadway system

According to the actual distribution condition of the coal bed, a working face transportation lane 1 is tunneled along the coal bed direction below the coal bed until the transportation lane extends to the boundary of the coal mining area; then, tunneling a working face air return lane 2 along the coal seam trend above the coal seam until the coal return lane extends to the boundary of the coal mining area, and arranging the working face air return lane 2 in advance of the working face transport lane 1 by a certain distance according to the size of the pseudo-oblique angle of the coal seam; then, pseudo-obliquely tunneling the coal face 3 in the coal seam until the face transportation lane 1 is communicated with the face return air lane 2; and finally, tunneling an uphill roadway 4 along the actual inclined direction of the coal bed at the boundary of the coal mining area in front of the coal mining working face 3 until the working face transportation roadway 1 is communicated with the working face air return roadway 2.

Corresponding infrastructure is arranged in the working face transportation lane 1, the working face return airway 2 and the uphill airway 4, a support disassembling station 16 is additionally arranged in the working face transportation lane 1, and a support assembling station 17 is additionally arranged in the working face return airway 2.

Step S2, coal face support

A plurality of flexible shield support monomers are laid on the goaf side of the coal face 3 and connected through a steel wire rope or a ring chain to form an integral flexible shield support 6, so that the safe support of the goaf is completed. Then, the coal mining mechanism 11 is installed in the area formed by the integral flexible shield support 6, and the following steps are ensured: the crawler device 20 of the walking part 12 in the coal mining mechanism 11 is in contact with the top surface of the coal mining working face 3; a gear rail clamping device 21 of a walking part 12 in the coal mining mechanism 11 is matched with an assembled flexible rack rail in a flexible shield support monomer on the bottom surface of the coal mining working face 3; based on the upward coal mining of the coal mining mechanism 11, the cutting part 13 in the coal mining mechanism 11 is located behind the walking part 12 and is in close contact with the coal wall.

Step S3, coal face coal dropping and transporting

Coal dropping: the coal mining mechanism 11 moves upwards along the coal face 3 to cut coal under the driving of the crawler belt device 20 of the walking part 12 and the guiding action of the gear rail clamping device 21 in the walking part 12, and when the coal mining mechanism 11 moves to the upper end of the coal face 3, the coal mining mechanism continues to move for a distance in a plurality of rows in an upper end roadway so as to ensure that the cutting part 13 can finish cutting the coal wall of the layer; the coal mining means 11 then removes coal down the coal face 3, which is a feed cycle.

Coal conveying: in the embodiment, a self-sliding transportation mode is adopted, coal is cut along with the ascending of the coal mining mechanism 11, the enamel chute 18 in the flexible shield support monomer is automatically paved behind the coal mining mechanism 11 under the driving of the hydraulic mechanism 19 so as to form a chute structure, and the coal is transported to a working face transportation lane; and with the continuous downward coal cleaning of the coal mining mechanism 11, the enamel chute 18 mechanism is driven by the hydraulic mechanism 19 to automatically retract the forward coal mining mechanism 11. Finally, the coal falling into the working face haulage roadway 1 is transferred to the outside through a rail.

Step S4, moving the support

After the single circulation of the upward coal cutting and downward coal cleaning of the coal mining mechanism 11 is finished, the integral flexible shield support 6 moves in the direction of the coal wall under the action of pushing force of gangue squeezing in the goaf; meanwhile, the coal face slides downwards along the coal face 3 under the action of self gravity. At the moment, the support dismantling station 16 in the working face transportation lane 1 dismantles redundant flexible shield support monomers at the lower end of the coal face 3; the air is transported to an uphill roadway 4 through a working face transportation roadway 1, transported to a working face return airway 2 through the uphill roadway 4 and finally transported to a support assembly station 17; and finally, assembling the flexible shield support monomer on the upper end of the coal face 3 through a support assembling station 17 to complete the supplement of the effective support range of the whole flexible shield support 6. The flexible shield support is circularly used.

And when the distance between the coal face 3 and the upward roadway 4 is judged to be too large, the transportation time of the detached flexible shield support monomer is too long, and the effective support range of the whole flexible shield support 6 cannot be efficiently supplemented, a standby roadway 5 for transporting the flexible shield support monomer is tunneled between the coal face 3 and the upward roadway 4, so that the flexible shield support monomer can be rapidly transported and installed. It should be noted that in order to prevent the backup roadway 5 from affecting the normal advance of the coal face, the backup roadway 5 is driven in parallel with the coal face 3 in the present embodiment.

At this point, after the coal face cycle recovery is finished, the whole flexible shield support 6 moves into a depth cutting distance, and then is lifted to a primary support state, and the rated working resistance is given through the active telescopic support 10, so that the whole flexible shield support is in a stable state.

And S5, repeating the step S3 and the step S4, and enabling the coal face to continuously advance along the coal seam trend until mining of all coal in the coal area is completed.

It should be noted that, when the roadway system is arranged, a traction mechanism for ensuring the stable operation of the coal mining mechanism 11 can be arranged in the roadway in advance. The method specifically comprises the following steps: and arranging a traveling winch 14 in the working face air return lane 2, connecting the traveling winch 14 with the steel strand 15, and extending the steel strand 15 into the coal face 3. When the coal mining mechanism 11 is used for coal dropping, the travelling winch 14 can pull the coal mining mechanism 11 through the steel strand 15, on one hand, travelling power is provided for the coal mining mechanism 11, on the other hand, the coal mining mechanism 11 is guided, and the coal mining mechanism 11 is prevented from moving downwards towards the coal wall side.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications can be made to the technical solutions described in the above-mentioned embodiments, or some technical features can be replaced with equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanized mining system of a flexible shield support of a steep coal seam comprises a working face transportation lane and a working face air return lane which are arranged in parallel along the direction of the coal seam, and a coal face which is obliquely arranged in the coal seam in a pitching mode; wherein, the coal face middle berth is equipped with whole flexible shield support, its characterized in that: a coal mining mechanism is arranged in the forming area of the integral flexible shield support, and comprises a walking part matched with the integral flexible shield support and a cutting part with the rotation direction vertical to a coal wall; and a support disassembling station for disassembling the flexible shield support single body is arranged at the end part of the working face transportation lane connected with the coal face, and a support assembling station for assembling the flexible shield support single body is arranged at the end part of the working face return airway connected with the coal face.

2. The mechanized mining system of flexible shield supports for steeply dipping coal seams of claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises an uphill roadway for transferring the flexible shield support monomer from the working face transportation roadway to the working face return airway; the uphill roadway is arranged in front of the coal face.

3. The mechanized mining system of flexible shield supports for steeply dipping coal seams according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the flexible shield support single body comprises a top beam, a shield beam and a bottom beam which are sequentially hinged into a whole; wherein, an active telescopic strut is arranged between the top beam and the bottom beam.

4. The mechanized mining system of claim 3, wherein: the bottom beam of the flexible shield support single body is provided with an assembled flexible rack; a gear rail clamping device matched with the assembled flexible rack rail is arranged on one side, in the coal mining mechanism, of the walking part, which is in contact with the single bottom beam of the flexible shield support, and a crawler device is arranged on one side, in the walking part, which is in contact with the single top beam of the flexible shield support.

5. The mechanized mining system of claim 4, wherein: the coal mining machine also comprises a traction mechanism used for ensuring the stable walking of the coal mining mechanism; the traction mechanism comprises a walking winch arranged on a return airway of the working face and a steel strand arranged in the coal face and connected with the walking winch.

6. The mechanical mining system of the flexible shield support of the steeply dipping coal seam according to any one of claims 1 to 2 and 4 to 5, which is characterized in that: and the bottom beam of the flexible shield support monomer is also provided with an enamel chute which is fixedly connected with the bottom beam of the flexible shield support monomer into a whole through a hydraulic mechanism.