CN214571365U

CN214571365U - Rural domestic sewage anaerobic treatment device

Info

Publication number: CN214571365U
Application number: CN202023035678.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐越群; 罗玉柱; 冯婧; 赵巧丽; 梅玉倩; 赵建伟; 陈烨
Original assignee: Shijiazhuang Institute of Railway Technology
Current assignee: Shijiazhuang Institute of Railway Technology
Priority date: 2020-12-16
Filing date: 2020-12-16
Publication date: 2021-11-02
Anticipated expiration: 2030-12-16

Abstract

The utility model relates to a rural domestic sewage anaerobic treatment device, which comprises an adjusting tank, an anaerobic reactor and a filtering tank which are connected in sequence; a water pump is arranged between the anaerobic reactor and the filter tank; the adjusting tank is provided with an adjusting tank liquid inlet and an adjusting tank liquid outlet, the anaerobic reactor is provided with an anaerobic reactor liquid inlet and an anaerobic reactor liquid outlet, the adjusting tank liquid inlet is higher than the adjusting tank liquid outlet, the adjusting tank liquid outlet is higher than the anaerobic reactor liquid inlet, and the anaerobic reactor liquid outlet is higher than the anaerobic reactor liquid inlet; the anaerobic reactor sequentially comprises a gas-liquid separation zone, a precipitation zone, a second anaerobic zone and a first anaerobic zone from top to bottom; the upper parts of the second anaerobic zone and the first anaerobic zone are respectively provided with a three-phase separator. The utility model treats the domestic sewage in rural areas, and the treated water quality reaches the national second-level discharge standard.

Description

Rural domestic sewage anaerobic treatment device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a domestic sewage treatment technical field, concretely relates to rural domestic sewage anaerobic treatment device.

Background

With the rapid development of rural economy in China and the improvement of the living standard of people, the water demand of vast rural residents in production and life is larger and larger, and the generated sewage quantity also shows a gradually increasing trend. According to statistics of relevant data, the sewage treatment rate of China and rural areas is only 22% in 2016, which is a great difference from the key task that the sewage treatment rate of rural areas is more than 30% provided by the comprehensive regulation and control of national rural environment, namely the thirteen-five planning. In some rural areas, the kitchen water and the washing water produced in the lives of the residents are not generally connected with a sewer, but are directly dumped into ditches beside the house or directly dumped on the ground. Part of pollutants such as oil, other organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like contained in the domestic sewage flow into surface water or farmlands along roadside ditches, and the other part of pollutants slowly evaporate and leak in the flowing process, so that the safety of underground water is threatened in the permeation process. Although rural sewage treatment stations are built in some rural areas, due to inexperience and operation management of professional technicians, sewage treatment facilities cannot normally operate or are idle for a long time, and environmental pollution and national asset loss are caused. Therefore, the device suitable for rural domestic sewage treatment is developed by combining the actual situation of rural areas, and the device has profound significance for the treatment of the environmental pollution of rural areas in China.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a rural domestic sewage anaerobic treatment device which treats the domestic sewage in rural areas and enables the treated water quality to reach the national second-level discharge standard.

The technical scheme of the utility model:

an anaerobic treatment device for rural domestic sewage comprises a regulating tank, an anaerobic reactor and a filtering tank which are connected in sequence; a water pump is arranged between the anaerobic reactor and the filter tank;

the adjusting tank is provided with an adjusting tank liquid inlet and an adjusting tank liquid outlet, the anaerobic reactor is provided with an anaerobic reactor liquid inlet and an anaerobic reactor liquid outlet, the adjusting tank liquid inlet is higher than the adjusting tank liquid outlet, the adjusting tank liquid outlet is higher than the anaerobic reactor liquid inlet, and the anaerobic reactor liquid outlet is higher than the anaerobic reactor liquid inlet;

the anaerobic reactor sequentially comprises a gas-liquid separation zone, a precipitation zone, a second anaerobic zone and a first anaerobic zone from top to bottom; the upper parts of the second anaerobic zone and the first anaerobic zone are respectively provided with a three-phase separator.

Preferably, the anaerobic reactor is an internal circulation reactor, and a gas collecting pipe, an ascending pipe and a descending pipe which are vertically arranged are also arranged in the anaerobic reactor;

the bottom of the gas collecting pipe is arranged in the precipitation zone, and the top of the gas collecting pipe is arranged in the gas-liquid separation zone;

the bottom of the riser is arranged in the second anaerobic zone, and the top of the riser is arranged in the gas-liquid separation zone;

the bottom of the downcomer is arranged in the first anaerobic zone, and the top of the downcomer is arranged in the settling zone.

Preferably, a gas-liquid separator is arranged in the gas-liquid separation area, and an air outlet pipe is arranged at the upper part of the gas-liquid separation area.

Preferably, a water distributor is arranged at the bottom of the first anaerobic zone, and the outside of the first anaerobic zone is communicated with a gas generator.

Preferably, the regulating tank comprises a regulating tank body, and a regulating tank vent pipe and a regulating tank overflow pipe are arranged at the upper part of the regulating tank body; the equalizing basin lower part sets up the equalizing basin mud pipe that leaks hopper-shaped, pass through the pipe connection between equalizing basin liquid outlet and the anaerobic reactor inlet, be provided with equalizing basin liquid outlet valve on the pipeline between equalizing basin liquid outlet and the anaerobic reactor inlet, be provided with equalizing basin inlet valve on the equalizing basin inlet.

Preferably, a liquid level meter is arranged on the regulating tank body; be provided with the grid in the equalizing basin, be provided with the handle on the grid.

Preferably, the inside one deck chitosan filler that sets up of filtering ponds, the upper portion of filtering ponds is provided with filtering ponds inlet tube and filtering ponds breather pipe, and the lower part sets up the filtering ponds mud pipe that leaks hopper-shaped, and the lateral part is provided with the filtering ponds outlet pipe, chitosan filler bottom is provided with the backup pad.

Preferably, a switch valve is arranged between the anaerobic reactor and the filtering tank.

Preferably, the volumes of the regulating tank, the anaerobic reactor and the filtering tank are equal, the tanks of the regulating tank and the filtering tank are of reinforced concrete structures, a waterproof coating is integrally brushed on a base layer in the tank, sulfate cement with the thickness of 2mm is scraped on the inner wall and the bottom surface of the tank, and finally a layer of cement polymer adhesive is brushed.

Preferably, the outer walls of the adjusting tank and the filtering tank are made of polymer mortar with the thickness of 5mm, heat-insulating rock wool boards with the thickness of 100mm are adhered to the outer walls of the adjusting tank and the filtering tank, and then a layer of anti-crack mortar is brushed on the heat-insulating rock wool boards.

The utility model has the advantages that:

a large amount of rural sewage in China is discharged without treatment, rural water resources and water environment are polluted and destroyed, and great threat is formed to the health of rural people. The decentralized sewage treatment process in China is still in the starting stage, and the water treatment process has some limitations. According to the current situation of rural sewage of china, the utility model designs a novel decentralized integration rural sewage treatment equipment has important meaning. The utility model discloses aim at for solving rural domestic sewage treatment's a difficult problem, choose for use the inner loop anaerobism method to carry out water treatment, reach the purpose of getting rid of organic matter and nitrogen and phosphorus removal, the marsh gas that produces is recoverable uses as domestic fuel moreover, is convenient for use widely in rural area.

The utility model discloses for prior art have following advantage:

1) and internal forced circulation is adopted, and an external power device is not required, so that the power consumption is saved.

2) The device saves the occupied area and is convenient to operate and maintain.

3) Adopts a chitosan filter material which is rich in natural resources and harmless to human bodies.

4) The methane can be recycled and used as energy.

5) The operation of the device is not limited by seasons, and the water outlet stability is good.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

in the attached figure, 1-an adjusting tank, 2-an anaerobic reactor, 3-a filtering tank, 4-a water pump, 5-a gas generator and 6-a switch valve;

11-a regulating tank liquid inlet, 12-a regulating tank liquid outlet, 13-a regulating tank vent pipe, 14-a regulating tank overflow pipe, 15-a regulating tank mud pipe, 16-a regulating tank liquid outlet valve, 17-a regulating tank liquid inlet valve and 18-a liquid level meter;

21-an anaerobic reactor liquid inlet, 22-an anaerobic reactor liquid outlet, 23-a gas-liquid separation zone, 24-a settling zone, 25-a second anaerobic zone, 26-a first anaerobic zone, 27-a three-phase separator, 28-a gas collecting pipe, 29-an ascending pipe and 20-a descending pipe;

31-chitosan filler, 32-a filter tank water inlet pipe, 33-a filter tank vent pipe, 34-a filter tank mud discharge pipe, 35-a filter tank water outlet pipe and 36-a support plate;

231-gas-liquid separator and 232-gas outlet pipe; 251-water distributor.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, the main design idea of the present invention is: domestic sewage is discharged into the regulating tank 1 through a pipeline, the volume of the regulating tank 1 is calculated according to 1.5 times of daily average discharge, the sewage flows into the forced internal circulation anaerobic reactor 2 by gravity flow, the sewage flows from bottom to top, pollutants in the water are adsorbed and degraded by microorganisms, and the purified water flows out from an anaerobic reactor liquid outlet 22 arranged at the upper part of the anaerobic reactor 2.

The forced internal circulation anaerobic reactor 2 can be divided into a gas-liquid separation zone 23, a settling zone 24, a second anaerobic zone 25 and a first anaerobic zone 26 from bottom to top. The upper parts of the second anaerobic zone 25 and the first anaerobic zone 26 are each provided with a three-phase separator 27, which is constructed like 2 UASB reactors connected in series above and below. The first anaerobic zone 26 at the bottom is a high-load zone, sewage enters the zone and then is fully mixed with granular sludge, most organic matters are converted into methane through the action of microorganisms due to the high sludge load of the zone, the generated methane rises through the ascending pipe 29 after being collected in the gas collection chamber, and the gas-water mixed liquid rises simultaneously under the action of gas stripping. At the top of the anaerobic reactor 2, the biogas and the muddy water mixed liquor are discharged outside the system after being separated, the muddy water mixed liquor returns to the first anaerobic zone 26 at the bottom along the descending pipe 20, thereby realizing the internal circulation of the effluent, the second anaerobic zone 25 at the upper part is a low-load zone, the wastewater is further treated, the sludge load of the zone is small, and the gas production rate is also small. The biogas generated in the position is collected by the secondary three-phase separator 27, enters the gas-liquid separator 231 through the gas collecting pipe 28 and is led out of the system, the supernatant is discharged from the water outlet area, and the granular sludge returns to the sludge bed in the bottom fine treatment area. The required amount of internal recycle gas comes from the nitrogen generated by the gas generator 5.

The effluent at the upper part of the internal circulation anaerobic reactor 2 is introduced into a filter tank 3 by a water pump 4, the filter tank 3 is provided with a layer of chitosan filler 31 which can further remove organic pollutants in the water and peculiar smell in the water, the upper part of the tank body of the filter tank 3 is a filter tank water inlet pipe 32, the lower part is provided with a funnel-shaped filter tank mud discharge pipe 34, and the generated sludge can be discharged out of the filter tank 3 through the filter tank mud discharge pipe 34.

The volume of the adjusting tank 1, the volume of the anaerobic reactor 2 and the volume of the filtering tank 3 are equal, the adjusting tank 1 and the filtering tank 3 are of reinforced concrete structures, the whole base layer in the adjusting tank 1 and the filtering tank 3 is brushed with waterproof paint together, then sulfate cement with the thickness of 2mm is scraped on the inner wall and the bottom surface of the tank body, and finally, a layer of cement polymer glue is brushed to achieve the purpose of seepage prevention. In order to achieve the aim of normal use of the water pool in winter, the outer walls of the adjusting pool 1 and the filtering pool 3 are made of polymer mortar with the thickness of 5mm, heat-preservation rock wool boards with the thickness of 100mm are adhered to the polymer mortar, and anti-crack mortar is brushed on the heat-preservation rock wool boards. In order to facilitate observation and water quantity regulation, a liquid level meter 18 is arranged on the outer side of the regulating tank 3, and the upper parts of the regulating tank 1 and the filtering tank 3 are covered with heat-insulating plates, so that the aims of dust prevention and rain prevention are fulfilled. In order to prevent the gas from obstructing the normal flow of the sewage in the adjusting tank 1 and the filtering tank 3, an adjusting tank vent pipe 13 and a filtering tank vent pipe 33 are arranged at the upper parts of the adjusting tank 1 and the filtering tank 3; a regulating tank inlet valve 17 is arranged on the regulating tank inlet 11, and a regulating tank outlet valve 16 is arranged on the regulating tank outlet 12, so that the operation is convenient. The specific working flow of the device is as follows:

firstly, domestic sewage enters the regulating reservoir 1 through a pipeline, a coarse and fine grid is arranged in the regulating reservoir 1 to remove suspended matters with different scales, normal operation of subsequent treatment facilities can be guaranteed, and the grid is provided with a lifting handle for facilitating maintenance and cleaning of residues attached to the grid. In order to discharge sediments in the adjusting tank 1 conveniently, a sewage discharge funnel is arranged at the bottom of the tank body of the adjusting tank 1, sludge in the funnel is discharged through an adjusting tank sludge discharge pipe 15, and a valve is arranged on the adjusting tank sludge discharge pipe 15 so as to facilitate sludge discharge and cleaning.

A regulating tank liquid outlet 22 is arranged at the lower part of the tank body of the regulating tank 1, and sewage enters the forced internal circulation anaerobic reactor 2 through a pipeline.

In the forced internal circulation anaerobic reactor 2, domestic sewage enters from the bottom of the anaerobic reactor 2, the start of the anaerobic reactor 2 is marked by sludge granulation, the sludge-water mixed liquor in the downcomer 20 is fully mixed with the domestic sewage, microbial degradation is carried out in the first anaerobic zone 26, and a large amount of methane is produced in the degradation process. The three-phase separator 27 in the tank is used for collecting biogas, the generated biogas is helpful for lifting liquid, the gas generator 5 at the bottom of the anaerobic reactor 2 can also generate larger bubbles, the stirring effect on the mixed liquid is strong, the mass transfer effect is strengthened, the impact load resistance of a granular sludge system is enhanced, and the sedimentation of anaerobic granular sludge in the anaerobic reactor 2 and the blockage of a water inlet pipeline can be effectively prevented. The wastewater treated in the first anaerobic zone 26 passes through the three-phase separator 27 and enters the second anaerobic zone 25, the sludge concentration in the zone is low, most organic matters in the wastewater are degraded in the first anaerobic zone 26, so that the biogas yield is low, and the generated biogas is collected by the three-phase separator 27 arranged at the upper part of the second anaerobic zone 26. The marsh gas enters the gas-liquid separation zone 23 through a pipeline, the disturbance to the second anaerobic zone 25 is small, and favorable conditions are provided for the detention of the sludge. The mud-water mixture in the second anaerobic zone 25 is subjected to solid-liquid separation in the settling zone 24, the supernatant is discharged from the liquid outlet 22 of the anaerobic reactor, and the settled granular sludge is returned to the sludge bed in the second anaerobic zone 25.

The supernatant fluid enters a filter tank 3 through a water pump 4, the filter tank 3 is provided with a layer of chitosan filler 31 with the thickness of 2cm, chitosan molecules contain a plurality of-OH and amino-NH which can be chelated with metal ions to form a stable structure, so that a plurality of harmful metals in water can be removed, and in addition, chitosan can enable organic matters with negative charges and protein aggregates to form large-volume flocs to settle through the action of electric neutralization and bridging. The supporting plate 36 arranged in the filtering tank 3 is used for supporting the chitosan filler 31, and the filtered water is discharged out of the tank through the filtering tank water outlet pipe 35 arranged at the lower part of the filtering tank 3.

The above-described embodiments are merely preferred examples of the present invention and are not exhaustive of the possible implementations of the present invention. Any obvious modifications to the above would be obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art, but would not bring the invention so modified beyond the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anaerobic treatment device for rural domestic sewage is characterized by comprising a regulating tank (1), an anaerobic reactor (2) and a filter tank (3) which are connected in sequence; a water pump (4) is arranged between the anaerobic reactor (2) and the filter tank (3);

an adjusting tank liquid inlet (11) and an adjusting tank liquid outlet (12) are arranged on the adjusting tank (1), an anaerobic reactor liquid inlet (21) and an anaerobic reactor liquid outlet (22) are arranged on the anaerobic reactor (2), the adjusting tank liquid inlet (11) is higher than the adjusting tank liquid outlet (12), the adjusting tank liquid outlet (12) is higher than the anaerobic reactor liquid inlet (21), and the anaerobic reactor liquid outlet (22) is higher than the anaerobic reactor liquid inlet (21);

the anaerobic reactor (2) sequentially comprises a gas-liquid separation zone (23), a settling zone (24), a second anaerobic zone (25) and a first anaerobic zone (26) from top to bottom; the upper parts of the second anaerobic zone (25) and the first anaerobic zone (26) are provided with three-phase separators (27).

2. The anaerobic treatment device for rural domestic sewage according to claim 1, wherein the anaerobic reactor (2) is an internal circulation reactor, and a gas collecting pipe (28), an ascending pipe (29) and a descending pipe (20) which are vertically arranged are arranged in the anaerobic reactor (2);

the bottom of the gas collecting pipe (28) is arranged in the settling zone (24), and the top of the gas collecting pipe is arranged in the gas-liquid separation zone (23);

the bottom of the ascending pipe (29) is arranged in the second anaerobic zone (25), and the top of the ascending pipe is arranged in the gas-liquid separation zone (23);

the bottom of the downcomer (20) is arranged in the first anaerobic zone (26) and the top is arranged in the settling zone (24).

3. The anaerobic treatment device for rural domestic sewage according to claim 2, wherein a gas-liquid separator (231) is arranged in the gas-liquid separation zone (23), and a gas outlet pipe (232) is arranged at the upper part of the gas-liquid separation zone (23).

4. The rural domestic sewage anaerobic treatment device according to claim 2, wherein a water distributor (251) is arranged at the bottom of the first anaerobic zone (26), and the first anaerobic zone (26) is externally communicated with a gas generator (5).

5. The anaerobic treatment device for rural domestic sewage according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting tank (1) comprises an adjusting tank body, and an adjusting tank vent pipe (13) and an adjusting tank overflow pipe (14) are arranged at the upper part of the adjusting tank body; equalizing basin (1) lower part sets up equalizing basin mud pipe (15) that leaks hopper-shaped, through the pipe connection between equalizing basin liquid outlet (12) and anaerobic reactor inlet (21), be provided with equalizing basin liquid outlet valve (16) on the pipeline between equalizing basin liquid outlet (12) and anaerobic reactor inlet (21), be provided with equalizing basin inlet valve (17) on equalizing basin inlet (11).

6. The anaerobic treatment device for rural domestic sewage according to claim 5, wherein the regulating tank body is provided with a liquid level meter (18); a grid is arranged in the adjusting tank (1), and a handle is arranged on the grid.

7. The anaerobic treatment device for rural domestic sewage according to claim 1, wherein a layer of chitosan filler (31) is arranged in the filtering tank (3), the upper part of the filtering tank (3) is provided with a filtering tank water inlet pipe (32) and a filtering tank vent pipe (33), the lower part is provided with a funnel-shaped filtering tank mud discharge pipe (34), the lateral part is provided with a filtering tank water outlet pipe (35), and the bottom of the chitosan filler (31) is provided with a support plate (36).

8. The anaerobic treatment device for rural domestic sewage according to claim 1, wherein a switch valve (6) is arranged between the anaerobic reactor (2) and the filter tank (3).

9. The anaerobic treatment device for rural domestic sewage according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the volumes of the adjusting tank (1), the anaerobic reactor (2) and the filtering tank (3) are equal, the tank bodies of the adjusting tank (1) and the filtering tank (3) are made of reinforced concrete structures, a waterproof coating is integrally brushed on a base layer in the tank bodies, sulfate cement with the thickness of 2mm is scraped on the inner wall and the bottom surface of the tank bodies, and finally a layer of cement polymer glue is brushed.

10. The anaerobic treatment device for rural domestic sewage according to claim 9, wherein the outer walls of the adjusting tank (1) and the filtering tank (3) are made of polymer mortar with the thickness of 5mm, heat-insulating rock wool boards with the thickness of 100mm are adhered to the outer walls, and a layer of anti-crack mortar is brushed on the heat-insulating rock wool boards.