CN214539587U - Tailing pond silting phenomenon simulation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a tailing pond silting phenomenon simulation device, and belongs to the technical field of mining engineering and mine geotechnical engineering. Comprises a supporting device; a water storage tank I; a microorganism incubator thermostat III and the like; the water storage tank I is arranged above the microorganism suspension liquid preparation device II, the water storage tank I is communicated with the microorganism suspension liquid preparation device II, the fine-grained soil suspension liquid and chemical solution preparation device IV and the silting experiment device body VII through pipelines, the silting experiment device body VII is communicated with the flow monitoring device V and the concentration liquid detection device VI, and the water storage tank I, the microorganism suspension liquid preparation device II and the microorganism incubator constant temperature device III are a whole body which is not communicated with each other from top to bottom. The device can be used for researching the generation conditions and mechanism of different types of biological, chemical and physical silting phenomena in the tailing dam body by simulation.

Description

Tailing pond silting phenomenon simulation device

Technical Field

The invention relates to a tailing pond silting phenomenon simulation device, and belongs to the technical field of mining engineering and mine geotechnical engineering.

Background

The tailings pond is a mine facility for stockpiling mineral waste materials, is an artificial major hazard with high destructiveness and high potential energy, has heavy metals and harmful chemical components capable of causing environmental soil pollution in soil bodies, and can cause serious casualty accidents and huge property loss and a series of subsequent problems of environmental pollution and the like once the tailings pond is not managed properly. Relevant contents such as work targets of 'working schemes for preventing and resolving safety risks of tailing ponds', and the like, issued by the national emergency administration in this year show that the number of the tailing ponds in China is only reduced and not increased in principle and new 'top ponds' are not generated any more from 2020 on the premise of ensuring shortage and normal construction and development of strategic mineral mines. By the end of 2022 years, the responsibility system for the safety production of the tailing pond is further improved, and the responsibility for safety risk management and control is comprehensively implemented; the safety risk control scheme compilation of 'one-pool one-strategy' of all tailing pools is completed, and safety risk control measures are comprehensively implemented; a safety risk monitoring and early warning mechanism of the tailing pond is basically formed; firmly preventing dam break accidents caused by non-irresistible force factors. This means that the tailings pond will continue to develop towards the direction of "higher dam" and "larger storage capacity". Therefore, the current content of studying the stability direction of the dam body can not influence the normal production of mine enterprises, and the task of reducing the dam break risk of the dam body is very urgent.

The silting phenomenon generally exists in the seepage process of porous media, and researches show that the silting can block pore channels of the media and increase the water seepage resistance of the media, so that the permeability of the media is reduced, in the seepage process of a tailing dam, the deposition and the detention of fine tailing particles or the generation of precipitates or insoluble matters through biological and chemical reactions can cause the silting of water seepage channels of a dam body or other seepage draining bodies, reduce the permeability of the dam body, cause the stability of the dam body to be reduced, and finally cause the dam break under the interference of certain external conditions such as earthquakes, rainfalls and the like, so the development of the silting research of the tailing dam has very important engineering significance and scientific research value.

According to the clogging mechanism, clogging is classified into physical clogging, chemical clogging, biological clogging and comprehensive clogging.

Biological clogging refers to the phenomenon that microorganisms (fungi, bacteria and the like) and organic matters in soil and fluid are bred and propagated in pores of porous media to block seepage channels.

The chemical obstruction is due to the phenomenon that various ions contained in the fluid or the soil body generate a series of reactions to gradually generate precipitates or insoluble matters which are attached to pore channels of the porous medium, so that the pores are blocked and the permeability of the medium is reduced.

Physical fouling refers to the phenomenon that suspended particles deposit or are retained in a medium due to the influence of geometrical size during the migration process, and the permeability of the medium is reduced due to the blockage of a medium seepage channel.

Aiming at the three different silts, according to the research content of the previous scholars on the aspect, the fact that the three silts can be generated in three large directions is found, a plurality of factors can influence the three silts, the corresponding test device design is made by the scholars for researching the factors influencing the silts, but a set of complete device can simultaneously carry out three kinds of silts, the influence factors considered by the device are single, only the corresponding test device of the physical silts influence factors, namely the device for researching the infiltration of muddy water, develops rapidly, and no corresponding device capable of well researching the chemical silts and the biological silts influence factors exists.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems and the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a tailing pond silting phenomenon simulation device which can be used for researching a silting mechanism and the like in a laboratory.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a tailing pond silting phenomenon simulation device comprises a supporting device; a water storage tank I; a microorganism incubator thermostat III; a fine soil suspension and chemical solution preparation device IV and a microorganism suspension preparation device II; a clogging experimental device body VII; a variable frequency switch control device VIII; a flow monitoring device V; a concentration detection device VI; the water storage tank I is arranged above the microorganism suspension liquid preparation device II, the water storage tank I is communicated with the microorganism suspension liquid preparation device II, the fine-grained soil suspension liquid and chemical solution preparation device IV and the silting experiment device body VII through pipelines, the silting experiment device body VII is communicated with the flow monitoring device V and the concentration liquid detection device VI, and the water storage tank I, the microorganism suspension liquid preparation device II and the microorganism incubator constant temperature device III are a whole body which is not communicated with each other from top to bottom.

Specifically, the holding device includes: the device comprises a bottom layer bearing platform 30, a main device bearing platform 34 and an upper layer bearing platform 55, wherein the bottom layer bearing platform 30, the upper layer bearing platform 55 and two side plates are connected to form a square shell, the main device bearing platform 34 is placed on the bottom layer bearing platform 30, and a microorganism incubator constant temperature device III and a clogging experiment device body VII are fixed above the upper layer bearing platform 55;

the fine soil suspension and chemical solution preparation device IV comprises: the fine-grained soil suspension and chemical solution preparation box 43 comprises a fine-grained soil suspension and chemical solution preparation box 43 and a fixed seat 65, wherein the fixed seat 65 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the fine-grained soil suspension and chemical solution preparation box 43, a feeding port 75 is formed in the upper end of one side of the fine-grained soil suspension and chemical solution preparation box 43, a stirring blade 41, a stirring shaft 66 and a variable-frequency pressure pump 40 are arranged in the fine-grained soil suspension and chemical solution preparation box 43, and a motor 38, a motor driving wheel 39, a stirring shaft driving wheel 37 and a stirring shaft fixing base are arranged in the fixed seat 65; the output end of the motor 38 is provided with a motor driving wheel 39, the stirring shaft 66 is vertically arranged on the stirring shaft fixing base, the stirring shaft driving wheel 37 is fixedly arranged on the stirring shaft 66 and meshed with the motor driving wheel 39, and stirring blades 41 symmetrical to the stirring shaft 66 are arranged on the stirring shaft 66;

the microorganism suspension preparation device II comprises: a stirrer I58 and a microorganism incubator 59; a stirrer I58 is arranged in the microorganism incubator 59, a stirrer switch 78 connected with the stirrer I58 is arranged on the outer side of the microorganism incubator 59, one sides of the water storage tank I and the microorganism incubator 59 are communicated with a guide pipe V54 through connecting guide pipes, a valve IX 62 is arranged on the guide pipe for communicating the water storage tank I with the guide pipe V54, a valve VII 60 is arranged on the guide pipe for communicating the microorganism incubator 59 with the guide pipe V54, one side of the lower end of the guide pipe V54 is connected with the water outlet end of the variable-frequency pressure pump 40 through a guide pipe VI 42, the other side of the lower end of the guide pipe V54 is connected with a water inlet on the upper top cover 51 through a guide pipe, a valve V52 is arranged on the guide pipe for connecting the guide pipe V54 with the water inlet on the upper top cover 51, and a valve VI 53 is arranged on the guide pipe for connecting the guide pipe V54 with the variable-frequency pressure pump 40;

the microorganism incubator constant temperature device III comprises a constant temperature box 56, a heater 57, a valve VII 60 and a constant temperature control panel 63; the thermostatic control panel 63 is arranged outside the thermostat 56 and connected with the heater 57, and the heater 57 is arranged inside the thermostat 56;

the silting experiment device body VII comprises: an outer layer reaction container 44, an inner layer reaction container 45, an engine 50, an upper top cover 51, a variable frequency vibrator 35, a permeable stone I64 and a stirrer II 76; the outer reaction container 44 is placed above the bearing platform 34 of the main device, the upper end of the outer reaction container 44 is provided with an upper top cover 51, the inner reaction container 45 is arranged inside the outer reaction container 44, the inner reaction container 45 comprises a plurality of layers of hollow reaction boxes connected from top to bottom, the adjacent two layers of hollow reaction boxes are connected through a detachable device, the top of the uppermost hollow reaction box is open, the lower part of the lowermost hollow reaction box is provided with a permeable stone I64 and a reaction box filter screen, the bottom of the reaction box filter screen and the bottom of the lowermost hollow reaction box are provided with a gap, the bottom of the lowermost hollow reaction box is closed, the side wall of the middle hollow reaction box and the side wall of the bottom of the lowermost hollow reaction box are provided with openings, permeable stones II 70 are placed at the openings, the outer wall of the hollow reaction box is tightly attached to the inner wall of the outer reaction container 44 except the detachable device, the outermost side of the detachable device is tightly attached to the inner wall of the outer reaction container 44, the engine 50 is arranged in the upper top cover 51, the upper end of the rotating shaft of the stirrer II 76 is connected with the upper top cover 51, the lower end of the rotating shaft of the stirrer II extends into the hollow reaction box at the lowest end, the variable-frequency vibrator 35 is positioned in the outer layer reaction container 44 and is arranged at the lower end of the hollow reaction box at the lowest layer, and a variable-frequency vibrator engine 77 connected with the variable-frequency vibrator 35 is fixed at one side of the main device supporting platform 34;

the flow monitoring device V comprises: the device comprises a receiving bottle I26, a guide pipe IV 31, a flow meter 32 and a valve IV 33; the water inlet end of the guide pipe IV 31 is communicated with an opening in the side wall of the bottom of the lowermost hollow reaction box, the water outlet end of the guide pipe IV 31 is positioned above the receiving bottle I26, and a flow meter 32 and a valve IV 33 are arranged on the guide pipe IV 31;

the concentration detection system vi includes: the device comprises a plurality of guide pipes and a plurality of receiving bottles, wherein the opening on the side wall of a middle hollow reaction box is communicated with one guide pipe, the water outlet end of each guide pipe is arranged above the corresponding receiving bottle, and each guide pipe is provided with a valve;

the variable frequency switch control device VIII comprises: the variable frequency control box 11, the variable frequency vibrator engine 77, the stirrer II 76, the motor 38 and the variable frequency pressure pump 40 are all connected with the variable frequency control box 11.

Specifically, the lower extreme of the superiors cavity reaction box is equipped with the recess, the upper end of the cavity reaction box of lower floor is equipped with the boss, the upper portion of middle part cavity reaction box is equipped with the boss, the lower part is equipped with the recess, but dismounting device includes the upper fixing piece 49 that the two outsides of lower extreme of the superiors cavity reaction box set up, the lower floor's fixing piece 48 that the upper end of cavity reaction box of lower floor set up, the lower floor's fixing piece 48 that the upper portion of middle part cavity reaction box set up, the lower part is equipped with upper fixing piece 49, all be equipped with the screw hole on the lower floor's fixing piece 48, threaded screw 46 passes and passes upper fixing piece 49 in proper order, link together adjacent two-layer cavity reaction box behind the lower floor's fixing piece 48.

Preferably, a rubber ring I67 is arranged on the boss, and a rubber ring II 68 is arranged on the groove.

Preferably, a filter screen I36 is arranged outside the permeable stone II 70, the filter screen I36 comprises a filter screen II 69 arranged outside the permeable stone II 70, and a filter paper 71 and a filter screen III 72 which are arranged inside the permeable stone II 70 in sequence, a rubber ring IV 74 is arranged outside the filter screen II 69, and a rubber ring III 73 is arranged inside the filter screen III 72.

Preferably, the upper end of the rotating shaft of the agitator ii 76 is screw-coupled to the upper cap 51.

Specifically, the constant temperature control panel 63 is provided with a constant temperature control box switch 1, a constant temperature control panel display screen 20, a temperature control key i 3, a temperature control key ii 4 and a temperature control key iii 5.

Preferably, the inner layer reaction container 45 is provided with five layers of hollow reaction boxes from top to bottom, openings on the side walls of the second layer, the third layer and the fourth layer of hollow reaction boxes are respectively communicated with water inlet ends of the guide pipe I21, the guide pipe II 23 and the guide pipe III 25, water outlet ends of the guide pipe I21, the guide pipe II 23 and the guide pipe III 25 are respectively positioned above the containing bottle IV 29, the containing bottle III 28 and the containing bottle II 27, and the guide pipe I21, the guide pipe II 23 and the guide pipe III 25 are respectively provided with a valve I20, a valve II 22 and a valve III 24.

Specifically, a normal work indicator light 7, a fault indicator light 8, a one-key shutdown button 9, a display screen 10, a gear regulator I12, a gear regulator II 13, a gear regulator III 14, a gear regulator IV 15, a stirrer switch I16, a variable-frequency vibrator switch 17, a stirrer switch II 18 and a water pump switch 19 are arranged on the variable-frequency control box 11; the gear regulator I12 and the stirrer switch I16 are both connected with the stirrer II 76, the gear regulator II 13 and the variable-frequency vibrator switch 17 are both connected with a variable-frequency vibrator engine 77, the gear regulator III 14 and the stirrer switch II 18 are both connected with the motor 38, and the gear regulator IV 15 and the water pump switch 19 are both connected with the variable-frequency pressure pump 40.

Preferably, the outer reaction vessel 44 and the inner reaction vessel 45 are made of acid and alkali resistant materials.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the device can be used for simulating the processes of physical siltation, chemical siltation and biological siltation of tailings in a laboratory and researching the change conditions of the seepage field in three different states;

(2) the device adopts a precision measuring device, can precisely measure the water outlet condition after reaction, and further reflects the change of the seepage field;

(3) the device can be used for researching different types of porous media, the inner layer reaction container and the outer layer reaction container of the siltation experiment device body are made of transparent materials, porous media patterns with different particle sizes, different particle sizes of suspension, different concentration conditions, different infiltration pressures, different vibration frequencies, different microorganism concentrations, different chemical solution heights and the like can be replaced in the transparent cylinder column to research the space-time distribution characteristic rules of different types of siltation;

(4) the device belongs to a tailing pond permeation clogging research device, the stirring part can realize automation, a large amount of manpower and material resources can be saved, the uniformity degree of infiltrated fine-grained soil suspension can be improved, the percolate at different layers can extract data through concentration analysis, and the reliability of the acquired experimental data can be improved by acquiring the data through a flow meter.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a system distribution function diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of an inner layer reaction vessel;

FIG. 4 is a detailed view of the connection between layers of the inner reaction vessel;

FIG. 5 is a detailed view of the connection of the outer reaction vessel and the inner reaction vessel.

The reference numbers in the figures are:

a constant temperature control box switch 1, a constant temperature control panel display screen 2, a temperature control key I3, a temperature control key II 4, a temperature control key III 5, a normal operation indicator light 7, a fault indicator light 8, a key off button 9, a display screen 10, a frequency conversion control box 11, a gear regulator I12, a gear regulator II 13, a gear regulator III 14, a gear regulator IV 15, a stirrer switch I16, a frequency conversion vibrator switch 17, a stirrer switch II 18, a water pump switch 19, a valve I20, a valve II 22, a valve III 24, a guide pipe I21, a guide pipe II 23, a guide pipe III 25, a receiving bottle I26, a receiving bottle II 27, a receiving bottle III 28, a receiving bottle IV 29, a bottom layer bearing platform 30, a guide pipe IV 31, a flowmeter 32, a valve IV 33, a main device bearing platform 34, a frequency conversion vibrator 35, a filter screen I36, a stirring shaft 37, a motor 38, a motor output end motor 39 of the motor, The device comprises a frequency conversion pressure pump 40, a stirring blade 41, a fine soil suspension and chemical solution preparation box 43, an outer layer reaction container 44, an inner layer reaction container 45, a screw 46 with threads, a fixing screw 47, a lower layer fixing piece 48, an upper layer fixing piece 49, an engine 50, an upper top cover 51, a valve V52, a valve VI 53, a guide pipe V54, an upper layer bearing platform 55, a constant temperature box 56, a heater 57, a stirrer I58, a microorganism culture box 59, a valve VII 60, a water storage tank 61, a valve IX 62, a constant temperature control panel 63, a water permeable stone I64, a fixed seat 65, a stirring shaft 66, a rubber ring I67, a rubber ring II 68, a filter screen II 69, water permeable stones II 70, 71, a filter screen III 72, a rubber ring III 73, a rubber ring IV 74, a material inlet 75, a stirrer II 76, a frequency conversion vibrator engine 77 and a stirrer switch 78 in a microorganism suspension preparation device II.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and detailed description.

Example 1: as shown in fig. 1-5, a simulation device for clogging of a tailing pond comprises a supporting device; a water storage tank I; a microorganism incubator thermostat III; a fine soil suspension and chemical solution preparation device IV and a microorganism suspension preparation device II; a clogging experimental device body VII; a variable frequency switch control device VIII; a flow monitoring device V; a concentration detection device VI; the water storage tank I is arranged above the microorganism suspension liquid preparation device II, the water storage tank I is communicated with the microorganism suspension liquid preparation device II, the fine-grained soil suspension liquid and chemical solution preparation device IV and the silting experiment device body VII through pipelines, the silting experiment device body VII is communicated with the flow monitoring device V and the concentration liquid detection device VI, and the water storage tank I, the microorganism suspension liquid preparation device II and the microorganism incubator constant temperature device III are a whole body which is not communicated with each other from top to bottom.

Further, the holding device comprises: the device comprises a bottom layer bearing platform 30, a main device bearing platform 34 and an upper layer bearing platform 55, wherein the bottom layer bearing platform 30, the upper layer bearing platform 55 and two side plates are connected to form a square shell, the main device bearing platform 34 is placed on the bottom layer bearing platform 30, and a microorganism incubator constant temperature device III and a clogging experiment device body VII are fixed above the upper layer bearing platform 55;

the fine soil suspension and chemical solution preparation device IV comprises: the fine-grained soil suspension and chemical solution preparation box 43 comprises a fine-grained soil suspension and chemical solution preparation box 43 and a fixed seat 65, wherein the fixed seat 65 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the fine-grained soil suspension and chemical solution preparation box 43, a feeding port 75 is formed in the upper end of one side of the fine-grained soil suspension and chemical solution preparation box 43, stirring blades 41), a stirring shaft 66 and a variable-frequency pressure pump 40 are arranged in the fine-grained soil suspension and chemical solution preparation box 43, and a motor 38, a motor driving wheel 39, a stirring shaft driving wheel 37 and a stirring shaft fixing base are arranged in the fixed seat 65; the output end of the motor 38 is provided with a motor driving wheel 39, the stirring shaft 66 is vertically arranged on the stirring shaft fixing base, the stirring shaft driving wheel 37 is fixedly arranged on the stirring shaft 66 and meshed with the motor driving wheel 39, and stirring blades 41 symmetrical to the stirring shaft 66 are arranged on the stirring shaft 66;

the microorganism suspension preparation device II comprises: a stirrer I58 and a microorganism incubator 59; a stirrer I58 is arranged in the microorganism incubator 59, a stirrer switch 78 connected with the stirrer I58 is arranged on the outer side of the microorganism incubator 59, one sides of the water storage tank I and the microorganism incubator 59 are communicated with a guide pipe V54 through connecting guide pipes, a valve IX 62 is arranged on the guide pipe for communicating the water storage tank I with the guide pipe V54, a valve VII 60 is arranged on the guide pipe for communicating the microorganism incubator 59 with the guide pipe V54, one side of the lower end of the guide pipe V54 is connected with the water outlet end of the variable-frequency pressure pump 40 through a guide pipe VI 42, the other side of the lower end of the guide pipe V54 is connected with a water inlet on the upper top cover 51 through a guide pipe, a valve V52 is arranged on the guide pipe for connecting the guide pipe V54 with the water inlet on the upper top cover 51, and a valve VI 53 is arranged on the guide pipe for connecting the guide pipe V54 with the variable-frequency pressure pump 40;

the microorganism incubator constant temperature device III comprises a constant temperature box 56, a heater 57, a valve VII 60 and a constant temperature control panel 63; the thermostatic control panel 63 is arranged outside the thermostat 56 and connected with the heater 57, and the heater 57 is arranged inside the thermostat 56;

the silting experiment device body VII comprises: an outer layer reaction container 44, an inner layer reaction container 45, an engine 50, an upper top cover 51, a variable frequency vibrator 35, a permeable stone I64 and a stirrer II 76; the outer reaction container 44 is placed above the bearing platform 34 of the main device, the upper end of the outer reaction container 44 is provided with an upper top cover 51, the inner reaction container 45 is arranged inside the outer reaction container 44, the inner reaction container 45 comprises a plurality of layers of hollow reaction boxes connected from top to bottom, the adjacent two layers of hollow reaction boxes are connected through a detachable device, the top of the uppermost hollow reaction box is open, the lower part of the lowermost hollow reaction box is provided with a permeable stone I64 and a reaction box filter screen, the bottom of the reaction box filter screen and the bottom of the lowermost hollow reaction box are provided with a gap, the bottom of the lowermost hollow reaction box is closed, the side wall of the middle hollow reaction box and the side wall of the bottom of the lowermost hollow reaction box are provided with openings, permeable stones II 70 are placed at the openings, the outer wall of the hollow reaction box is tightly attached to the inner wall of the outer reaction container 44 except the detachable device, the outermost side of the detachable device is tightly attached to the inner wall of the outer reaction container 44, the tight contact is to form a closed space outside each layer of the inner layer reaction container 45, so that experimental data related to the concentrations of heavy metals in different layers and the amount of water flowing out in unit time can be more accurately obtained. The engine 50 is arranged in the upper top cover 51, the upper end of the rotating shaft of the stirrer II 76 is connected with the upper top cover 51, the lower end of the rotating shaft of the stirrer II extends into the hollow reaction box at the lowest end, the variable-frequency vibrator 35 is positioned in the outer layer reaction container 44 and is arranged at the lower end of the hollow reaction box at the lowest layer, and a variable-frequency vibrator engine 77 connected with the variable-frequency vibrator 35 is fixed at one side of the main device supporting platform 34;

the flow monitoring device V comprises: the device comprises a receiving bottle I26, a guide pipe IV 31, a flow meter 32 and a valve IV 33; the water inlet end of the guide pipe IV 31 is communicated with an opening in the side wall of the bottom of the lowermost hollow reaction box, the water outlet end of the guide pipe IV 31 is positioned above the receiving bottle I26, and a flow meter 32 and a valve IV 33 are arranged on the guide pipe IV 31;

the concentration detection system vi includes: the device comprises a plurality of guide pipes and a plurality of receiving bottles, wherein the opening on the side wall of a middle hollow reaction box is communicated with one guide pipe, the water outlet end of each guide pipe is arranged above the corresponding receiving bottle, and each guide pipe is provided with a valve;

the variable frequency switch control device VIII comprises: the variable frequency control box 11, the variable frequency vibrator engine 77, the stirrer II 76, the motor 38 and the variable frequency pressure pump 40 are all connected with the variable frequency control box 11.

Further, the lower extreme of the superiors ' cavity reaction box is equipped with the recess, the upper end of the cavity reaction box of lower floor is equipped with the boss, the upper portion of middle part cavity reaction box is equipped with the boss, the lower part is equipped with the recess, but the dismounting device includes the upper fixing piece 49 that the two outsides of lower extreme of the superiors ' cavity reaction box set up, the lower floor's fixing piece 48 that the upper end of the cavity reaction box of lower floor set up, the lower part of the upper portion setting of middle part cavity reaction box is equipped with upper fixing piece 49, all be equipped with the screw hole on the lower floor's fixing piece 48, threaded screw 46 passes and passes upper fixing piece 49 in proper order, link together adjacent two-layer cavity reaction box behind the lower floor's fixing piece 48. Simple structure and convenient disassembly.

Furthermore, a rubber ring I67 is arranged on the boss, and a rubber ring II 68 is arranged on the groove.

Furthermore, a filter screen I36 is arranged outside the permeable stone II 70, the filter screen I36 comprises a filter screen II 69 arranged outside the permeable stone II 70, and a filter paper 71 and a filter screen III 72 which are sequentially arranged inside the permeable stone II 70, a rubber ring IV 74 is arranged outside the filter screen II 69, and a rubber ring III 73 is arranged inside the filter screen III 72. A rubber ring III 73 and a rubber ring IV 74 are arranged to ensure the tightness and prevent the solution in the inner layer reaction container 45 from flowing out.

Further, the upper end of the rotating shaft of the agitator ii 76 is screw-threadedly coupled to the upper head 51.

Further, a constant temperature control box switch 1, a constant temperature control panel display screen 2, a temperature control key I3, a temperature control key II 4 and a temperature control key III 5 are arranged on the constant temperature control panel 63. And obtaining microbial culture solutions with different concentrations through different temperature control.

Furthermore, the inner layer reaction container 45 is provided with five layers of hollow reaction boxes from top to bottom, openings on the side walls of the second layer, the third layer and the fourth layer of hollow reaction boxes are respectively communicated with water inlet ends of the guide pipe I21, the guide pipe II 23 and the guide pipe III 25, water outlet ends of the guide pipe I21, the guide pipe II 23 and the guide pipe III 25 are respectively positioned above the containing bottle IV 29, the containing bottle III 28 and the containing bottle II 27, and the guide pipe I21, the guide pipe II 23 and the guide pipe III 25 are respectively provided with a valve I20, a valve II 22 and a valve III 24. The middle hollow reaction cassette in the present application refers to all hollow reaction cassettes except the uppermost hollow reaction cassette and the lowermost hollow reaction cassette, the number of the middle hollow reaction cassettes is set according to the experimental needs, and only the hollow reaction cassette in the middle of three layers is taken as an example in the present embodiment. The arrangement of the permeable stone I64 and the permeable stone II 70 can prevent solid matters in the inner layer reaction vessel 45 from flowing out.

Furthermore, a normal work indicator light 7, a fault indicator light 8, a one-key shutdown button 9, a display screen 10, a gear regulator I12, a gear regulator II 13, a gear regulator III 14, a gear regulator IV 15, a stirrer switch I16, a variable-frequency vibrator switch 17, a stirrer switch II 18 and a water pump switch 19 are arranged on the variable-frequency control box 11; the gear regulator I12 and the stirrer switch I16 are both connected with the stirrer II 76, the gear regulator II 13 and the variable-frequency vibrator switch 17 are both connected with a variable-frequency vibrator engine 77, the gear regulator III 14 and the stirrer switch II 18 are both connected with the motor 38, and the gear regulator IV 15 and the water pump switch 19 are both connected with the variable-frequency pressure pump 40. The working state display screen 10, the normal working indicator light 7, the fault indicator light 8 and the one-key shutdown button 9 are arranged to protect the operation safety of the device, and the loss caused by misoperation can be effectively avoided. Other switches and regulators are arranged to facilitate operation.

Further, the outer layer reaction container 44 and the inner layer reaction container 45 are both made of acid and alkali resistant material. The outer layer reaction container 44 and the inner layer reaction container 45 are in contact with the solution, the solution may need to be placed for a long time, and the acid and alkali resistant material is adopted, so that experimental research under physical environment, chemical environment, biological environment or coupling condition can be realized.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

step one (preparation of simulation experiment at early stage): adding quantitative tailings required by research into the silting experiment device body VII, opening a valve V52 and a valve IX 62 to introduce quantitative distilled water, fully and uniformly mixing tailings particles with the distilled water by moving a stirrer switch I16 in the silting experiment device body VII, taking out a stirrer II 76, standing for a certain time, and carrying out the following steps of concentration detection and flow detection:

and opening the valve V52 and the valve IX 62, introducing a certain amount of distilled water to enable the water level of the clogging experimental device VII to reach a certain height, standing for a period of time, opening the valve I20, the valve II 22 and the valve III 24, taking equivalent solutions by using the receiving bottle II 27, the receiving bottle III 28 and the receiving bottle IV 29 respectively, and measuring the heavy metal concentration of the solutions in different layers to serve as control group data of the concentration. Opening the valve V52, the valve IX 62, the valve I20 and the valve IV 33 again, and continuously introducing distilled water until continuous water flows out of the guide pipe IV 31 and no bubbles emerge, and closing the valve V52, the valve IX 62, the valve I20 and the valve IV 33 when the water level in the clogging experimental device VII and the guide pipe I21 have the same height (ensuring that the water pressure does not serve as a factor influencing the result in the test); starting timing while opening the valve IV 33 and starting the flowmeter 32, recording data after a certain time, repeating the steps to obtain a plurality of groups of data, and calculating an average value to be used as a group of data for comparison of the permeation effect;

the working mechanism of the biological clogging simulation system is as follows: adding a certain amount of solution containing certain microorganism to be researched into a microorganism incubator 59, and simultaneously pressing a stirrer switch 78 in a microorganism suspension preparation device II to start a stirrer I58 and a thermostatic control box switch 1; the temperature control keys I3, II 4 and III 5 on the display screen 2 of the thermostatic control panel are adjusted to control three different temperatures, and a stopwatch is used for timing and respectively controlling the microbial culture duration, so that microbial culture solutions with different concentrations can be obtained as variables. After the microbial culture is finished, opening a valve V52 and a valve VII 60, introducing the prepared microbial culture solution containing microbes with a certain concentration into the inner layer reaction container 45 treated in the step I, standing for a certain time, operating the steps of concentration detection and flow detection in the step I, simultaneously recording data, obtaining the concentration of heavy metals in different layers and the relevant experimental data of water amount flowing out in unit time, comparing the experimental data with the data before the microbial culture solution is not introduced, further obtaining the influence conditions of the microbes on the migration of the silted heavy metals and the seepage of the silted body, taking out the inner cylinder of the silting device, obtaining the blocking and grading conditions of different layers through grading test or electron microscope scanning, and further knowing the silting mechanism.

Chemical clogging simulation: adding a chemical solution to be researched into a fine-grained soil suspension and chemical solution preparation box 43 through a feeding port 75, opening a valve VI 53 and a valve IX 62, adding a certain amount of distilled water, preparing a chemical solution with a specified concentration, pressing a stirrer switch II 18 in a fine-grained soil suspension and chemical solution preparation device IV, starting a stirrer, after uniformly stirring, opening a valve V52 and a valve VI 53, introducing the prepared chemical solution with a certain concentration into an inner layer reaction container 45 treated in the step I, standing for a certain time, operating the steps of flow detection and concentration detection in the step I, simultaneously recording data, obtaining experimental data related to the concentrations of heavy metals in different layers and the amount of water flowing out in unit time, comparing the experimental data with the data before the chemical solution is not introduced, and further obtaining the influence of the chemical solution on the migration of the silted heavy metals and the seepage of silted bodies, and taking out the inner cylinder of the clogging device, and obtaining the clogging and grading conditions of different layers through grading test or electron microscope scanning to further know the clogging mechanism.

Physical clogging simulation: adding fine-grained tailings with fixed grain size and grading quantitative (variable) to be researched into a fine-grained soil suspension and chemical solution preparation box 43 through a feeding port 75, opening a valve VI 53 and a valve IX 62, adding a certain amount of distilled water, preparing fine-grained suspension with specified concentration, pressing a stirrer switch II 18 in a fine-grained soil suspension and chemical solution preparation device IV, starting a stirrer, uniformly stirring, opening a valve V52 and a valve VI 53, introducing the prepared fine-grained suspension into an inner layer reaction container 45 treated in the step I, standing for a certain time (the time is set to be longer), performing concentration detection and flow detection in the step I, simultaneously recording data, obtaining experimental data related to the concentrations of heavy metals in different layers and the water amount flowing out in unit time, comparing the experimental data with the data before the fine-grained suspension is not introduced, and further obtaining the influence of the fine-grained suspension on the migration of the silted heavy metals and the seepage of the silted heavy metals, and taking out the inner cylinder of the clogging device, and obtaining the clogging and grading conditions of different layers through grading test or electron microscope scanning to further know the clogging mechanism.

The working principle of the frequency conversion vibrator 35 is as follows: the frequency-variable vibrator can be used as a group of comparison experiments, the clogging conditions under normal non-vibration and vibration with different frequencies are compared, further the clogging conditions under different conditions are obtained, and the influence of the vibration factor on the clogging conditions is researched. The method comprises the following specific operations: after biological, physical and chemical siltation is led in biological, chemical and fine particle suspension liquid, the frequency conversion vibrator switch 17 in the siltation experiment device body VII is pressed when the device is in a standing state, after the device is shaken for a certain time, the frequency conversion vibrator switch 17 in the siltation experiment device body VII is pressed again, the later operation is the same as the previous operation, corresponding data is obtained, and the corresponding data is compared with the data under the condition of no shaking.

The method can be used for researching the different types of biological, chemical and physical siltation phenomena in the tailing dam body to simulate and research the generation conditions and mechanism of the siltation phenomena, and can research different siltation conditions by changing the conditions such as the category and concentration of microorganisms in the microorganism suspension, the particle size and concentration of suspension particles, the particle size of porous media, the water chemical environment, the pressure intensity of an infiltration head, the vibration intensity of a main body in the infiltration process and the like.

While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A tailing pond silting phenomenon simulation device is characterized in that: comprises a supporting device; a water storage tank I; a microorganism incubator thermostat III; a fine soil suspension and chemical solution preparation device IV and a microorganism suspension preparation device II; a clogging experimental device body VII; a variable frequency switch control device VIII; a flow monitoring device V; a concentration detection device VI; the water storage tank I is arranged above the microorganism suspension liquid preparation device II, the water storage tank I is communicated with the microorganism suspension liquid preparation device II, the fine-grained soil suspension liquid and chemical solution preparation device IV and the silting experiment device body VII through pipelines, the silting experiment device body VII is communicated with the flow monitoring device V and the concentration liquid detection device VI, and the water storage tank I, the microorganism suspension liquid preparation device II and the microorganism incubator constant temperature device III are a whole body which is not communicated with each other from top to bottom.

2. The tailings pond clogging phenomenon simulation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the holding device comprises: the device comprises a bottom layer bearing platform (30), a main device bearing platform (34) and an upper layer bearing platform (55), wherein the bottom layer bearing platform (30), the upper layer bearing platform (55) and two side plates are connected to form a square shell, the main device bearing platform (34) is placed on the bottom layer bearing platform (30), a microorganism incubator constant temperature device III and a variable frequency switch control device VIII are fixed above the upper layer bearing platform (55), a silting experiment device body VII is fixed above the main device bearing platform (34), and a fine soil suspension and chemical solution preparation device IV is fixed above the bottom layer bearing platform (30);

the fine soil suspension and chemical solution preparation device IV comprises: the fine-grained soil suspension and chemical solution preparation device comprises a fine-grained soil suspension and chemical solution preparation box (43) and a fixing seat (65), wherein the fixing seat (65) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the fine-grained soil suspension and chemical solution preparation box (43), a feeding port (75) is formed in the upper end of one side of the fine-grained soil suspension and chemical solution preparation box (43), stirring blades (41), a stirring shaft (66) and a variable-frequency pressure pump (40) are arranged in the fine-grained soil suspension and chemical solution preparation box (43), and a motor (38), a motor driving wheel (39), a stirring shaft driving wheel (37) and a stirring shaft fixing base are arranged in the fixing seat (65); a motor driving wheel (39) is arranged at the output end of the motor (38), the stirring shaft (66) is vertically arranged on the stirring shaft fixing base, the stirring shaft driving wheel (37) is fixedly arranged on the stirring shaft (66) and meshed with the motor driving wheel (39), and stirring blades (41) symmetrical to the stirring shaft (66) are arranged on the stirring shaft (66);

the microorganism suspension preparation device II comprises: a stirrer I (58) and a microorganism incubator (59); a stirrer I (58) is arranged in the microorganism incubator (59), a stirrer switch (78) connected with the stirrer I (58) is arranged on the outer side of the microorganism incubator (59), one sides of the water storage tank I and the microorganism incubator (59) are communicated with the guide pipe V (54) through connecting guide pipes, a valve IX (62) is arranged on the guide pipe for communicating the water storage tank I with the guide pipe V (54), a valve VII (60) is arranged on the guide pipe for communicating the microorganism incubator (59) with the guide pipe V (54), one side of the lower end of the guide pipe V (54) is connected with the water outlet end of the variable-frequency pressure pump (40) through a guide pipe VI (42), the other side of the lower end of the guide pipe V (54) is connected with the water inlet on the upper top cover (51) through a guide pipe, a valve V (52) is arranged on the guide pipe for connecting the guide pipe V (54) with the water inlet on the upper top cover (51), and a valve VI (53) is arranged on the guide pipe for connecting the guide pipe V (54) with the variable-frequency pressure pump (40);

the microorganism incubator thermostat III comprises a thermostat (56), a heater (57), a valve VII (60) and a constant temperature control panel (63); the constant temperature control panel (63) is arranged outside the constant temperature box (56) and is connected with the heater (57), and the heater (57) is arranged inside the constant temperature box (56);

the silting experiment device body VII comprises: an outer layer reaction container (44), an inner layer reaction container (45), an engine (50), an upper top cover (51), a variable frequency vibrator (35), a permeable stone I (64) and a stirrer II (76); the outer layer reaction container (44) is placed above the main device bearing platform (34), the upper end of the outer layer reaction container (44) is provided with an upper top cover (51), the inner layer reaction container (45) is arranged inside the outer layer reaction container (44), the inner layer reaction container (45) comprises a plurality of layers of hollow reaction boxes connected from top to bottom, two adjacent layers of hollow reaction boxes are connected through a detachable device, the top of the uppermost hollow reaction box is open, the lower part of the lowermost hollow reaction box is provided with a permeable stone I (64) and a reaction box filter screen, a gap is formed between the bottom of the reaction box filter screen and the bottom of the lowermost hollow reaction box, the bottom of the lowermost hollow reaction box is closed, the side wall of the middle hollow reaction box and the side wall of the bottom of the lowermost hollow reaction box are both provided with openings, the permeable stone II (70) is placed at the openings, the outer wall of the hollow reaction box is tightly attached to the inner wall of the outer layer reaction container (44) except the detachable device, the outermost side of the detachable device is tightly attached to the inner wall of the outer layer reaction container (44), the engine (50) is arranged inside the upper top cover (51), the upper end of a rotating shaft of the stirrer II (76) is connected with the upper top cover (51), the lower end of the rotating shaft extends into the hollow reaction box at the lowest end, the variable-frequency vibrator (35) is positioned in the outer layer reaction container (44) and is installed at the lower end of the hollow reaction box at the lowest layer, and a variable-frequency vibrator engine (77) connected with the variable-frequency vibrator (35) is fixed on one side of the main device supporting platform (34);

the flow monitoring device V comprises: the device comprises a receiving bottle I (26), a conduit IV (31), a flow meter (32) and a valve IV (33); the water inlet end of the guide pipe IV (31) is communicated with an opening on the side wall of the bottom of the lowermost hollow reaction box, the water outlet end of the guide pipe IV (31) is positioned above the receiving bottle I (26), and a flow meter (32) and a valve IV (33) are arranged on the guide pipe IV (31);

the concentration detection system vi includes: the device comprises a plurality of guide pipes and a plurality of receiving bottles, wherein the opening on the side wall of a middle hollow reaction box is communicated with one guide pipe, the water outlet end of each guide pipe is arranged above the corresponding receiving bottle, and each guide pipe is provided with a valve;

the variable frequency switch control device VIII comprises: the variable frequency control box (11), the variable frequency vibrator engine (77), the stirrer II (76), the motor (38) and the variable frequency pressure pump (40) are all connected with the variable frequency control box (11).

3. The tailings pond clogging phenomenon simulation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the lower extreme of the superiors cavity reaction box is equipped with the recess, the upper end of lower floor cavity reaction box is equipped with the boss, the upper portion of middle part cavity reaction box is equipped with the boss, the lower part is equipped with the recess, but dismounting device includes upper stationary blade (49) that two outsides of lower extreme of the superiors cavity reaction box set up, lower floor's stationary blade (48) that the upper end of lower floor cavity reaction box set up, lower floor's stationary blade (48) that the upper portion of middle part cavity reaction box set up, the lower part is equipped with upper stationary blade (49), all be equipped with the screw hole on lower floor's stationary blade (48), screw (46) with the screw pass upper stationary blade (49) in proper order, link together adjacent two-layer cavity reaction box behind lower floor's stationary blade (48).

4. The tailings pond clogging phenomenon simulation apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: a rubber ring I (67) is arranged on the boss, and a rubber ring II (68) is arranged on the groove.

5. The tailings pond clogging phenomenon simulation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the filter screen I (36) is arranged outside the permeable stone II (70), the filter screen I (36) comprises a filter screen II (69) arranged outside the permeable stone II (70), and filter paper (71) and a filter screen III (72) which are sequentially arranged on the inner side of the permeable stone II (70), a rubber ring IV (74) is arranged outside the filter screen II (69), and a rubber ring III (73) is arranged on the inner side of the filter screen III (72).

6. The tailings pond clogging phenomenon simulation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the upper end of the rotating shaft of the stirrer II (76) is connected with the upper top cover (51) in a threaded mode.

7. The tailings pond clogging phenomenon simulation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the thermostatic control panel (63) is provided with a thermostatic control box switch (1), a thermostatic control panel display screen (2), a temperature control key I (3), a temperature control key II (4) and a temperature control key III (5).

8. The tailings pond clogging phenomenon simulation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the inner layer reaction container (45) is provided with five layers of hollow reaction boxes from top to bottom, openings on the side walls of the second layer, the third layer and the fourth layer of hollow reaction boxes are respectively communicated with water inlet ends of the guide pipe I (21), the guide pipe II (23) and the guide pipe III (25), water outlet ends of the guide pipe I (21), the guide pipe II (23) and the guide pipe III (25) are respectively positioned above the receiving bottle IV (29), the receiving bottle III (28) and the receiving bottle II (27), and the guide pipe I (21), the guide pipe II (23) and the guide pipe III (25) are respectively provided with a valve I (20), a valve II (22) and a valve III (24).

9. The tailings pond clogging phenomenon simulation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: a normal work indicator lamp (7), a fault indicator lamp (8), a one-key stop button (9), a display screen (10), a gear regulator I (12), a gear regulator II (13), a gear regulator III (14), a gear regulator IV (15), a stirrer switch I (16), a variable-frequency vibrator switch (17), a stirrer switch II (18) and a water pump switch (19) are arranged on the variable-frequency control box (11); keep off position regulator I (12), agitator switch I (16) and all be connected with agitator II (76), keep off position regulator II (13), frequency conversion electromagnetic shaker switch (17) and all be connected with frequency conversion electromagnetic shaker engine (77), keep off position regulator III (14), agitator switch II (18) and all be connected with motor (38), keep off position regulator IV (15), water pump switch (19) and all be connected with frequency conversion force pump (40).

10. The tailings pond clogging phenomenon simulation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the outer layer reaction container (44) and the inner layer reaction container (45) are both made of acid and alkali resistant materials.

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