CN214528622U

CN214528622U - Constructed wetland device capable of synchronously removing pollutants from multiple targets

Info

Publication number: CN214528622U
Application number: CN202120589871.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李怀; 迟子芳; 阎百兴
Original assignee: Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology of CAS
Current assignee: Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology of CAS
Priority date: 2021-03-23
Filing date: 2021-03-23
Publication date: 2021-10-29
Anticipated expiration: 2031-03-23

Abstract

An artificial wetland device for synchronously removing multiple target pollutants relates to the technical field of sewage treatment. The method solves the problem that the existing artificial wetland is difficult to treat the composite pollutants. The utility model discloses a high-efficient synchronous getting rid of the inside nutrient, heavy metal and organic matter of same device is realized to the organic combination of slowly-releasing carbon source area, permeable reactive wall, photocatalysis board. The removal of the nutrient nitrogen is enhanced by adopting a mode of combining solar aeration and a slow-release carbon source zone through micro-oxygen supply and internal carbon source release; carrying out efficient selective adsorption on target heavy metal by adopting a permeable reaction wall made of imprinting materials; the photocatalytic plate is adopted to effectively degrade and mineralize and degrade organic pollutants and promote the microbial degradation of metabolites. The system has the advantages of synchronous removal of multiple target pollutants, high removal rate, simple operation, stable operation and the like.

Description

Constructed wetland device capable of synchronously removing pollutants from multiple targets

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a sewage treatment technical field, concretely relates to constructed wetland device that multi-target pollutant was got rid of in step.

Background

At present, the wetland has the functions of purifying and treating the natural water body of the earth, however, the natural wetland is gradually reduced and eliminated in cities, and the artificial wetland receives more and more attention and development, so that the wetland becomes a novel sewage ecological treatment technology. The constructed wetland mainly purifies pollutants through physical, chemical and biological synergistic effects among wetland plants, substrates and microorganisms, has the advantages of good treatment effect, low investment and operation cost and the like, and is widely applied to sewage treatment of medium and small towns. However, with the acceleration of urbanization process, the pollution load of domestic sewage is heavier and heavier, and meanwhile, the pollution complexity is increased by the wastewater discharge of livestock/aquatic product cultivation, industrial and mining enterprises, agricultural non-point sources and the like, and the phenomenon of coexistence of various pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metals, pesticides, antibiotics and the like is presented. And the traditional artificial wetland has lower treatment load and poor treatment capability for treating the composite sewage. Therefore, the construction of the constructed wetland system for synchronously removing the multiple pollutants has important significance for popularization and application of the constructed wetland system. In order to search the prior art, CN105600931A discloses a micro-aeration type solid carbon source wetland system with deep denitrification function and a denitrification treatment process thereof, which realize efficient nitrification and denitrification processes through micro-aeration and slow release of carbon source. CN107512775A discloses an artificial wetland system and a temperature regulation and control method for enhancing the low-temperature operation of the artificial wetland system, wherein the wetland system is constructed by adopting iron ore and slow-release carbon source combined filler, and the high-efficiency denitrification process of the system at low temperature is realized by a temperature regulation and control strategy. CN111003809A discloses a Fe-C enhanced constructed wetland denitrification system and a denitrification method, which realize an efficient denitrification process through a combination form of an iron ore wetland and a slow-release carbon source wetland. CN205115138U discloses a constructed wetland solar energy intermittent micro-aeration system, which provides micro-aerobic intermittent aeration for the system by arranging aeration holes at different heights of a vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, thereby strengthening the implementation of an aerobic microorganism process. CN107459140B discloses a vertical flow constructed wetland and a method for treating nitrogen, phosphorus and tetracyclines in sewage, wherein aerobic organisms of nutrients and organic matters are removed by constructing a three-stage vertical flow constructed wetland and additionally arranging aeration equipment. In addition, chinese patent publication No. CN208136033U discloses a composite constructed wetland structure for treating zinc smelting wastewater, CN109721213A discloses a multistage constructed wetland system for treating heavy metal wastewater, and CN203602454U discloses a composite flow constructed wetland structure for treating chromium-containing wastewater, wherein the wetland systems realize the adsorption and removal of heavy metals through substrate adsorption, plant absorption, and the like. The above studies are directed to the removal of a single contaminant, or the removal of a contaminant is achieved by conventional adsorption and plant absorption. However, how to synchronously and efficiently remove nutrients, heavy metals and organic matters in the same wetland system is still a great challenge. At present, no related report exists that the technology for synchronously removing the compound of nutrients, heavy metals and organic matters is realized by combining micro-aerobic aeration with a slow-release carbon source belt, a blotting material permeable reaction wall and a photocatalytic composite plate in the same wetland system.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at overcoming the difficult problem of current constructed wetland processing system to the combined pollutant processing, providing the constructed wetland device that the multi-target pollutant was got rid of in step, the concrete technical scheme of solution problem is as follows:

the utility model discloses an artificial wetland device that multi-target pollutant is got rid of in step, by solar device, aeration equipment, permeable reactive wall, horizontal photocatalysis board, perpendicular photocatalysis board, the iron ore area, slowly-releasing carbon source area, the gravel area, water-stop baffle and wetland plant constitute, the iron ore area sets up in baffling undercurrent wetland left side, slowly-releasing carbon source area sets up the middle part in baffling undercurrent wetland, the gravel area sets up the end in baffling undercurrent wetland, the iron ore area, slowly-releasing carbon source area and gravel area are separated by the water-stop baffle, permeable reactive wall sets up in the below and the top of water-stop baffle in a crisscross way, horizontal photocatalysis board sets up between matrix top and the surface of water, perpendicular photocatalysis board sets up the both sides of permeable reactive wall above the water-stop baffle, solar device sets up in the top of iron ore area left end, aeration equipment sets up in the left middle part in iron ore area, solar device is connected with aeration equipment, wetland plants are planted above the substrate zone.

The constructed wetland device for synchronously removing the multi-target pollutants adopts the mode of combining solar aeration and slow-release carbon source zones to strengthen the nitrification and denitrification processes, and strengthens the removal of nutrient nitrogen through micro-oxygen supply and internal carbon source release; carrying out efficient selective adsorption on target heavy metal by adopting a permeable reaction wall made of imprinting materials; the photocatalytic plate is adopted to effectively degrade and mineralize the organic pollutants which are difficult to degrade, and the microbial degradation of the metabolic products is promoted; the synchronous and efficient removal of nutrients, heavy metals and organic matters in the same system is realized by organically combining the slow-release carbon source zone, the permeable reactive barrier and the photocatalytic plate 'zone-wall-plate', and the removal rates of nitrogen, chromium and pesticide are all over 92%. Permeable reactive walls and photocatalytic plates of chromium ion imprinting materials are arranged in the iron ore belt, the slow-release carbon source belt and the gravel belt, and the removal rate of nutrients, heavy metals and organic matters reaches 99%. The system has the advantages of synchronous removal of multiple target pollutants, simple operation, stable operation and the like. It is widely applicable to the compound pollution treatment of dispersed domestic sewage, farmland drainage, urban tail water and the like.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention. In the figure, 10 is the water surface, 11 is the water flow direction, 12 is the multi-target pollutant water inlet, and 13 is the treated water outlet.

Detailed Description

First embodiment this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1. The embodiment comprises a solar device 1, an aeration device 2, a permeable reactive wall 3, a horizontal photocatalytic plate 4-1, a vertical photocatalytic plate 4-2, an iron ore belt 5, a slow-release carbon source belt 6, a gravel belt 7, a water-stop baffle 8 and wetland plants 9, wherein the iron ore belt 5 is arranged on the left side of a baffling subsurface flow wetland, the slow-release carbon source belt 6 is arranged in the middle of the baffling subsurface flow wetland, the gravel belt 7 is arranged at the tail end of the baffling subsurface flow wetland, the iron ore belt 5, the slow-release carbon source belt 6 and the gravel belt 7 are separated by the water-stop baffle 8, the solar device 1 is arranged above the left end of the iron ore belt 5, the aeration device 2 is arranged in the middle of the left side of the iron ore belt 5, the permeable reactive wall 3 is a plurality of horizontal photocatalytic plates 4-1 which are arranged below and above the water-stop baffle 8 in a staggered manner, the plurality of horizontal photocatalytic plates 4-1 are arranged between the upper part of a substrate and the water surface, the vertical photocatalytic plates 4-2 are arranged on the left and right sides of the permeable reactive wall 3 above the water-stop baffle 8, the solar device 1 is connected with the aeration device 2, and wetland plants 9 are planted above the substrate zone.

Second embodiment this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1. The iron ore belt 5, the slow-release carbon source belt 6 and the gravel belt 7 adopt two stages of matrixes, and a water-stop baffle 8 is arranged between each stage of matrix.

Third embodiment this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1. The permeable reactive barrier 3 of the present embodiment is made of a chromium ion imprinted material. The adopted heavy metal imprinted material permeable reactive barrier realizes the high-efficiency removal of heavy metals through selective adsorption.

Fourth embodiment this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1. The aeration device described in this embodiment employs strip-shaped microporous aeration strips.

In the fifth embodiment, the iron ore belt 5 adopts iron ore as a substrate, the filling thickness is not more than 30cm, and the particle size is 4-7 cm.

Sixth embodiment this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1. The matrix adopted by the slow-release carbon source belt 6 in the embodiment is waste wood blocks, the filling thickness is not more than 30cm, and the particle size is 3-4 cm.

Seventh embodiment, this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1. The gravel belt 7 of the present embodiment uses gravel as a matrix, and has a packing thickness of not more than 30cm and a particle size of 4 to 7 cm.

Description of an eighth embodiment this embodiment is described in conjunction with fig. 1. The wetland plant 9 of the embodiment adopts single or mixed planting of loosestrife, canna, cattail and calamus.

Ninth, this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1. In the embodiment, the permeable reactive barrier 3 and the photocatalytic plate are used in the iron ore belt 5, the slow-release carbon source belt 6 and the gravel belt 7, and the removal rate of nutrients, heavy metals and organic matters is 99%. The horizontal photocatalytic plate and the vertical photocatalytic plate have excellent visible light response characteristics.

Detailed description of preferred embodiments 10, this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1. The matrix fillers described in this embodiment, such as iron ore, wood pieces and gravel, are freely arranged without compaction treatment.

Embodiment 11, this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1. In the embodiment, the constructed wetland multi-target pollutant synchronous treatment system is adopted, and a treatment system with daily treated water volume of 50L is constructed according to the requirement of synchronous removal of the multi-target pollutants; the concentration mean values of the nitrogen, the chromium and the pesticide in the inlet water are respectively 36, 3 and 2mg/L, the Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) in the system is set to be 2d, the system adopts intermittent aeration means for 4 times/day and 30 min/time, the micro-oxygen concentration range at the front end of the system is controlled to be 0.2-2 mg/L by adjusting a gas flowmeter, and the removal rate of the nitrogen, the chromium and the pesticide is over 92 percent.

The utility model discloses a theory of operation:

the multi-target pollutant wastewater firstly enters the iron ore belt 5 through a system inlet 12, and the aerobic/anaerobic alternation in the system is realized by intermittent aeration of the solar micro-aeration device except for supplying oxygen for the nitrification process through atmospheric diffusion, oxygen secretion from plant roots and dissolved oxygen carried by inlet water, so as to ensure the full operation of the nitrification and denitrification processes; the selective adsorption characteristic of the heavy metal imprinted material passing through the permeable reactive barrier 3 realizes the high-efficiency selective adsorption of the target heavy metal, and then the target heavy metal enters the slow-release carbon source zone 6 in the middle to provide enough available carbon source for the heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria to carry out denitrification; the two are organically combined, so that the system keeps excellent nitrification/denitrification performance; upon passing through the gravel pack 7 to the discharge outlet 13; the photocatalytic plate realizes degradation and mineralization of organic matters through a visible light catalysis process, is beneficial to subsequent biological treatment of a wetland system, and realizes synchronous and efficient removal of nutrients, heavy metals and organic matters in the same system.

The above embodiments are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the present invention, and it should be noted that various other changes, modifications, substitutions and variations which are equivalent to those skilled in the art and suggested by the technical solution provided by the present invention should be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Constructed wetland device that multi-target pollutant was got rid of in step, it comprises solar device, aeration equipment, permeable reactive wall, horizontal photocatalysis board, perpendicular photocatalysis board, iron ore area, slowly-releasing carbon source area, gravel area, water proof baffle and wetland plant, its characterized in that: the iron ore belt is arranged on the left side of the baffling subsurface flow wetland, the slow-release carbon source belt is arranged in the middle of the baffling subsurface flow wetland, the gravel belt is arranged at the tail end of the baffling subsurface flow wetland, the iron ore belt, the slow-release carbon source belt and the gravel belt are separated by the water-proof baffle, the permeable reactive walls are arranged below and above the water-proof baffle in a staggered mode, the horizontal photocatalytic plates are arranged between the upper portion of the substrate and the water surface, the vertical photocatalytic plates are arranged on two sides of the permeable reactive walls above the water-proof baffle, the solar device is arranged above the left end of the iron ore belt, the aeration device is arranged in the middle of the left side of the iron ore belt, the solar device is connected with the aeration device, and wetland plants are planted above the substrate belt.

2. The constructed wetland device for synchronously removing multiple target pollutants according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the iron ore belt, the slow-release carbon source belt and the gravel belt adopt two stages of matrixes, and a water-resisting baffle is arranged between each stage of matrix.

3. The constructed wetland device for synchronously removing multiple target pollutants according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the permeable reactive barrier adopts chromium ion imprinting materials.

4. The constructed wetland device for synchronously removing multiple target pollutants according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the aeration device adopts strip-shaped micropore aeration strips.

5. The constructed wetland device for synchronously removing multiple target pollutants according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the iron ore belt adopts iron ore as a substrate, the filling thickness is not more than 30cm, and the particle size is 4-7 cm.

6. The constructed wetland device for synchronously removing multiple target pollutants according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the matrix adopted by the slow-release carbon source belt is waste wood blocks, the filling thickness is not more than 30cm, and the particle size is 3-4 cm.

7. The constructed wetland device for synchronously removing multiple target pollutants according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the gravel belt adopts gravel as a matrix, the filling thickness is not more than 30cm, and the particle size is 4-7 cm.

8. The constructed wetland device for synchronously removing multiple target pollutants according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the wetland plants are planted by single or mixed species of loosestrife, canna, cattail and calamus.