CN214443547U

CN214443547U - Diamond accessory and cutter

Info

Publication number: CN214443547U
Application number: CN202120121397.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙思叡
Original assignee: Shanghai Nagoya Precision Tools Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Nagoya Precision Tools Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-01-15
Filing date: 2021-01-15
Publication date: 2021-10-22
Anticipated expiration: 2031-01-15

Abstract

A diamond accessory comprises a diamond compact and a chip breaking bond. The surface roughness of the diamond compact is less than Ra0.1, and an assembly hole is arranged on the diamond compact. The chip breaking key is arranged in the assembling hole, and the surface roughness is less than Ra0.1. The utility model discloses a diamond accessory has apparent chip-breaking effect to the metal smear metal that cutting process produced as the cutting part is applied to behind the cutter, does benefit to the smear metal and in time discharges through the chip removal, can effectively avoid the smear metal to adhere to in the rake face (glue the sword promptly) to and the emergence of cold welding situation, solved the problem that produces the shrinkage cavity and the problem that the cutter life-span shortens, improved the continuity of course of working.

Description

Diamond accessory and cutter

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a be applied to the material of machining, especially relate to an implement accessory of precision machining to and use the cutter that this kind of accessory was made.

Background

At present, the cutting tool made of hard alloy is already used for metal cutting processing on a large scale, and when the cutting tool made of hard alloy is applied to the forming processing of aluminum alloy and other nonferrous metals, due to the inherent properties (such as low hardness, high toughness, active chemical properties and the like) of the material, the following problems mainly exist: use copper and copper alloy, aluminium and aluminum alloy as an example, the chemical property of metal is active, and the hardness is lower, and plastic deformation ability is stronger, not only takes place easily in the processing and glues the sword, also is difficult to the chip breaking moreover, causes the chip removal difficulty to lead to a series of processing problems from this, for example: the chips repeatedly rub against the surface of the workpiece to be machined, causing deterioration in the surface roughness of the workpiece. In addition, the following steps: the cuttings block the chip grooves, so that the cutter is damaged, the product is scrapped, and the production cost is increased. The following steps are repeated: the chips cannot be separated from the surface of the cutter in time, so that the chips are subjected to cold welding with the edge part of the cutter, and further shrinkage cavities are generated and the service life of the cutter is shortened. In view of this, the problems caused to machining by chip breaking constitute a great challenge to stable continuous production.

In order to solve the above problems, in the prior art, a polycrystalline diamond compact (having a mirror-like smooth upper surface by polishing) is mainly mounted on a tool using a cemented carbide or a steel as a base, and is used as a tool edge (the mirror-like smooth upper surface is used as a tool rake surface) instead of the cemented carbide. Owing to the chemical inertia (no chemical reaction) between diamond and metal material and the high hardness of diamond itself, the service life of diamond cutter in the processing of non-ferrous metals such as aluminium alloy can be greatly prolonged. Because the diamond compact has a mirror-like surface with the surface roughness less than Ra0.1 mu m, the occurrence of knife sticking and cold welding can be obviously reduced. However, the problem of chip breaking of chips generated in machining is still not effectively solved, and is a prominent problem which plagues the tool industry.

In order to solve the problem of chip breaking of the diamond cutter, the manufacturing idea of the hard alloy cutter is still used in the industry, the diamond composite sheet is firstly processed by cutting, welding and the like, and then a concave 'negative line' is carved on the upper surface of the diamond composite sheet (namely the front cutter surface of the cutter) by means of grinding, laser and the like, or a 'negative and positive text' graphical structure is carved on the part of the upper surface of the processed diamond composite sheet, so that the graphical structure is used as a graphical structure beneficial to chip breaking. However, the roughness of the surface of the workpiece is significantly improved by the above means, at least to Ral μm, usually Ra 3-5 μm, and the surface roughness of the patterned structure cannot reach the polishing level, so that the patterned structure subjected to chip breaking will damage the original mirror-like surface of the diamond compact, which will further increase the occurrence of the sticking phenomenon, deteriorate the processing roughness of the workpiece, and reduce the processing quality. Thus, the diamond compact tool of this configuration is mainly used for rough machining and medium finishing machining of turning, and is not particularly suitable for finish reaming of holes.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a diamond accessory for the machine tooling cutter improves the chip breaking ability of cutter when not taking place to glue the sword condition, improves the machining precision.

Another object of the utility model is to provide a diamond accessory for the machining cutter to implement the reaming processing in hole, improve the machining precision.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a cutting tool, which uses a diamond fitting as a cutting processing portion to perform precision machining on a metal material.

Still another object of the utility model is to provide a cutter, it uses the diamond accessory as cutting process portion, implements the reaming precision finishing in hole to metal material.

A fifth object of the present invention is to provide a cutting tool, which uses a diamond fitting as a cutting processing portion to improve the continuity of machining.

The wire cutting is a method of cutting a workpiece by removing metal by pulse spark discharge using a continuously moving thin metal wire (referred to as a wire electrode) as an electrode.

The laser is a pulse or ultra-fast laser, and the pulse width is 100 microseconds to 100 femtoseconds. During processing, energy is transferred to the crystal lattice of the material in the form of heat energy or light energy in the pulse period to cause the material to be gasified or etched, and the purpose of removing the material is achieved.

The metal is composed of metal elements, most of which are excellent conductors of electricity and heat, and have ductility, higher density and higher melting point. In Chinese characters, the names of these elements mostly have "pyramid" components (radicals).

Non-ferrous alloys belong to the group of metals, generally all metals except iron, chromium and manganese, such as: aluminum, magnesium, potassium, sodium, calcium, strontium, barium, copper, lead, zinc, tin, cobalt, nickel, antimony, mercury, cadmium, bismuth, gold, silver, platinum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, beryllium, lithium, rubidium, cesium, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, tungsten, molybdenum, gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, rhenium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, scandium, yttrium, and thorium, as well as colored alloys such as: but are not limited to, aluminum alloys, copper alloys, magnesium alloys, nickel alloys, tin alloys, tantalum alloys, titanium alloys, zinc alloys, molybdenum alloys, zirconium alloys, and the like. These substances are applied to the present invention alone or in combination, and are the subject of the direct action of the technical solution of the present invention.

Diamond (diamond), a mineral composed of carbon elements, is an allotrope of graphite, has the chemical formula C, and is also the original body of common diamond. Graphite can be formed into synthetic diamonds at high temperature and high pressure. The diamond hardness is directional, the hardness of the octahedral crystal face is greater than that of the rhombic dodecahedral crystal face, and the hardness of the rhombic dodecahedral crystal face is greater than that of the hexahedral crystal face.

The diamond composite sheet is also called a polycrystalline diamond composite sheet, is formed by sintering diamond micro powder and a hard alloy substrate under the condition of ultrahigh pressure and high temperature, has the high hardness, high wear resistance and heat conductivity of diamond and the strength and impact toughness of hard alloy, is an ideal material for manufacturing the edge part of a cutting tool, and generally has a mirror-polished upper surface so as to be beneficial to manufacturing the cutting tool.

A diamond accessory comprising:

the diamond compact is plate-shaped, has a smooth surface with the roughness less than Ra0.1 mu m, and comprises an assembling hole;

and a chip breaking bond disposed in the assembly hole and having a smooth surface with a roughness less than Ra0.3 μm.

In another diamond accessory, the chip breaking bond is higher than the surface of the diamond compact, the protruding height of the chip breaking bond is more than 20% of the thickness of chips generated by cutting, and 0.1 mm-1 mm is selected preferentially, such as: but are not limited to, 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, and 1.0 mm.

Another diamond accessory has a smooth upper surface, wherein the upwardly convex chipbreaking bond surface has a roughness of less than ra0.3 μm and the non-convex diamond compact surface has a roughness of less than ra0.1 μm.

Another diamond accessory comprising:

a chip breaking key disposed in the assembly hole and having a smooth surface with a roughness less than Ra0.3 μm;

the chip breaking bond is higher than the surface of the diamond compact, the protruding height of the chip breaking bond is more than 20 percent of the thickness of chips generated by cutting, and 0.1 mm-1 mm is preferably selected, such as: but are not limited to, 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, and 1.0 mm;

the roughness of the surface of the chip breaking bond protruding upwards is less than Ra0.3 mu m, and the roughness of the surface of the diamond compact not protruding is less than Ra0.1 mu m.

Depending on the requirements of the processing situation, for example: the appearance of the object to be processed or the distribution form of the diamond composite sheets adjust the setting position and the number of the chip breaking bonds so as to meet the requirements of processing and chip breaking. Technicians can simulate the positions and the number of chip breaking bonds arranged on the metal stone accessories by means of computer aided design and obtain personalized diamond accessories so as to meet the processing requirements.

The diamond accessory of the utility model has the chip breaking key assembled on the diamond accessory and is an arc-shaped upper end face or other geometrical structures.

The utility model discloses a diamond accessory, assembly hole system taper hole, and chip breaking key side are the assembly of tapering face to eliminate the clearance that produces around the assembly hole opening and after the assembly of chip breaking piece, prevent clearance card bits, improve the effect of chip breaking.

The utility model discloses a diamond accessory can adopt present common method to realize, for example: wire cutting, laser or grinding, etc. These methods are used alone or in combination for processing purposes in view of processing cost, processing convenience, and processing conditions. In order to be convenient for technical personnel to implement, the utility model provides a manufacturing method, firstly, the laser or the electric discharge machining means is adopted to manufacture the assembly hole (such as a taper hole) on the diamond composite sheet, then the chip breaking key with the smooth upper surface is manufactured by the laser or/and the grinding and polishing means, and finally, the chip breaking key is inserted into the assembly hole and is fixed (such as interference fit).

The diamond fitting is then assembled (e.g., welded or riveted) to the tool base to form a cutting portion, and the cutting portion is machined (e.g., laser or ground) to form the desired cutting edge.

The utility model provides a diamond accessory is being applied to the machine tooling cutter, adds man-hour to metal material, can show and improve the chip breaking ability, reduces the frequency of disconnected sword, and continuity processing performance is improved.

The utility model provides a cutter, it uses the diamond accessory to implement precision finishing to metal material as cutting process portion.

The utility model provides another kind of cutter, including the chip groove, the chip groove communicates with the tip of the direction of feed that the cutter implemented the cutting to the diamond accessory sets up on the base member of cutter as cutting process portion, and produced smear metal is discharged from the chip groove.

The utility model provides another kind of cutter, the spot facing work cutter, it uses the diamond accessory to implement the reaming precision finishing in hole to metal material as cutting process portion.

The utility model discloses beneficial effect that technical scheme realized:

the utility model provides a diamond accessory, it has smooth upper surface, wherein the roughness on bellied chip breaking bond surface that makes progress is less than Ra0.3 mu m, the roughness on non-bellied diamond compact surface is less than Ra0.1 mu m, bulge surface roughness, be applied to behind the cutter, metal smear metal that produces the cutting process has apparent chip breaking effect, do benefit to the smear metal and in time discharge through the chip removal, can effectively avoid the smear metal to adhere to the rake face (gluing the sword promptly), and the emergence of cold welding situation, the problem that produces the shrinkage cavity and the problem that the cutter life shortens have been solved, the continuity of course of working has been improved.

The utility model provides a diamond accessory is applied to the cutter and implements processing to metal material, is showing to improve the disconnected sword situation, and feed amount F is greater than or equal to 0.1mm/S, and rotational speed S is greater than or equal to 4500, can implement reaming processing at least 300 in succession to metal material (for example: aluminum alloy), and the no smear metal glues the sword phenomenon. The processed hole wall is smooth without ring grains, and the surface roughness is less than Ra1.0 mu m.

The utility model provides a cutter has realized implementing precision finishing to metal material, especially implements the reaming precision finishing in hole to metal material.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of one embodiment of a diamond fitting of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a tool with a diamond fitting of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a tool having a diamond accessory according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments of the present invention are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced with other equivalent solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which should be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a diamond fitting according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the diamond fitting of the present embodiment includes a diamond compact 100 and a chip breaking bond 200. Cutting according to the shape of the edge of the cutter to obtain the diamond composite sheet 100 with the shape meeting the requirement, and then arranging assembling holes 110 on the diamond composite sheet by laser processing or electric spark processing, wherein the hole type is as follows: blind holes, counter bores or through holes, the hole walls being adapted according to the outer edge of the chip breaking key 200, for example: flat or curved surfaces, etc. Then, the chip breaking key 200 with a corresponding shape is manufactured, and the chip breaking key 200 is inserted into the assembly hole 110 for fixing, for example: but are not limited to, interference fit, welding, bonding, riveting, or the like. In order to eliminate the clearance between the opening periphery of the assembly hole 110 and the chip breaking piece 200 after assembly, prevent chip clamping and improve the chip breaking effect, the assembly hole 110 is a taper hole and is assembled with the side surface of the chip breaking key 200 in a taper surface mode. To meet the requirements of finishing, the diamond compact 100 has a mirror-like surface, specifically, a roughness of less than ra0.1 μm. The chip breaking bond 200 has a mirror-like surface, specifically, a roughness of less than ra0.3 μm. In this embodiment, the diamond compact is a polycrystalline diamond compact.

In order to facilitate the implementation of chip breaking, in the present embodiment, the chip breaking bond 200 is higher than the surface of the diamond compact 100, and the protruding height H is more than 20% of the thickness of the chip generated by cutting. According to the general situation of the cutting chips in the metal material machining, the height of the cutting chips is 0.1 mm-1 mm, such as: but are not limited to, 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, and 1.0 mm.

The diamond attachment of the present embodiment is applied to a machining tool, and as a cutting work portion, precision machining is performed on a metal material. After the diamond accessory is manufactured according to the shape of the edge part of the cutter, the diamond accessory is welded on the cutter base body to be used as a cutting part, and then the cutting part is processed to form a cutting edge, so that the diamond cutter is obtained. Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a tool with a diamond fitting according to the present invention, and fig. 3 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a tool with a diamond fitting according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the tool of the present embodiment has a longitudinal axis 10, a shank 20 mountable to a rotary machine, a cutting tip 30, and at least one flute 40. When the cutting tool performs cutting processing (for example, hole processing or milling processing) on a metal material, the cutting tip 30 is positioned at the front end of the feeding direction of the cutting tool and contacts with the metal material to perform cutting, the chip discharge groove is communicated with the front end of the feeding direction of the cutting tool to perform cutting, and fine chips generated by cutting are discharged through the chip discharge groove 40. The diamond fitting of the present embodiment is used as a cutting processing portion and is disposed on the base of the tool, and the chip breaking key 200 has an arc-shaped surface or a flat upper end surface. The chips generated by cutting are broken into smaller chips by the chip breaking key 200, and can be discharged from the chip discharge groove 40 in time.

The forming reamer processes nonferrous materials, the processing parameters and conditions are as follows in table 1. The cutter with the diamond compact can not break chips smoothly in machining without chip breaking bonds, the chips are removed to form long strips, ring grains appear on the hole wall after about 10 pieces of machining, and the roughness exceeds Ra1.0 mu m. Observing the cutter, the front cutter surface of the cutter begins to stick chips.

Nonferrous materials were processed with the processing parameters and conditions shown in Table 1. The adopted cutter is assembled with the diamond composite sheet, a 'negative line' patterned chip breaking structure is usually engraved on the composite sheet, and during machining, the patterned chip breaking structure can be observed to have a chip breaking effect on generated chips, but galling appears on the hole wall from the 2 nd workpiece. Observing the cutter, the situation that the 'concave lines' on the front cutter surface of the cutter have serious sticky scraps can be seen.

When the cutter made of the diamond accessory in the embodiment is used for processing an object made of the same metal material (processing parameters are shown in table 1), chips can be effectively broken and discharged from a chip groove after 300 pieces of chips are continuously processed, the hole wall is bright and has no ring grains, the roughness is lower than Ra1.0 mu m, and the front cutter surface of the cutter is observed without the phenomenon of chip adhesion. Therefore, the machining effect of the cutter adopting the diamond accessory of the embodiment is obviously better than that of the cutter without the chip breaking key.

TABLE 1

Cooling method	Amount of feed	Rotational speed	Material to be processed	Reaming allowance
					Water cooling	F＝0.1mm/S	S＝4500	Forged aluminum	Single side 0.15mm

The forming reamer processes nonferrous materials, the processing parameters and conditions are as follows in table 2. The metal material is processed by adopting the cutter which is not provided with the chip breaking key but is provided with the diamond compact, the cutter is broken in a part hole when 17 parts are processed, and the observation shows that the hole is full of chips, blocks a chip groove and cannot be smoothly discharged, so that the cutter is broken.

The same machining as shown in Table 2 was carried out on the tool made of the diamond compact of this example, and machining continued even when more than 100 objects were continuously machined, indicating that the tool having the diamond compact of this example was able to adapt to changes in the operating conditions and exhibited good machining performance.

TABLE 2

Cooling method	Amount of feed	Rotational speed	Material to be processed	Reaming allowance
					Water cooling	F＝0.15mm/S	S＝6500	Forged aluminum	Single side 0.15mm

Claims

1. A diamond accessory characterized by comprising:

the diamond compact is plate-shaped, has a smooth surface with the roughness less than Ra0.1 mu m, and comprises a mounting hole;

and the chip breaking key is arranged in the assembling hole and is provided with a smooth surface with the roughness less than Ra0.3 mu m.

2. The diamond fitting of claim 1 wherein said mounting hole is a tapered hole and said chip breaking key side surface is tapered to eliminate play between said mounting hole opening periphery and said chip breaking key after assembly.

3. The diamond accessory of claim 1, wherein the chip breaking bonds are raised above the surface of the diamond compact.

4. The diamond accessory of claim 1, wherein the chip breaking bonds are raised above the surface of the diamond compact by a height greater than 20% of the thickness of the chips produced by cutting.

5. The diamond accessory of claim 1, wherein the chip breaking bonds are 0.1mm to 1mm above the surface of the diamond compact.

6. The diamond fitting of claim 1 wherein said chip breaking bond has an arcuate upper end surface.

7. A cutting tool, characterized in that the diamond attachment according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is a cutting work portion.

8. The tool according to claim 7, further comprising a chip discharge groove communicating with a tip end in a feed direction in which the tool performs cutting, the diamond fitting being provided on a base body of the tool, and a generated chip being discharged from the chip discharge groove.

9. The tool of claim 7, wherein the tool is a hole-tying machining tool.