CN214412606U - Half-bridge driving power supply, IGBT driving device and automobile - Google Patents
Half-bridge driving power supply, IGBT driving device and automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN214412606U CN214412606U CN202120528632.0U CN202120528632U CN214412606U CN 214412606 U CN214412606 U CN 214412606U CN 202120528632 U CN202120528632 U CN 202120528632U CN 214412606 U CN214412606 U CN 214412606U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses embodiment provides a half-bridge drive power supply, IGBT drive arrangement and car belongs to drive power supply technical field. The half-bridge driving power supply includes: the half-bridge inverter comprises a signal generating circuit, a driving circuit, a half-bridge inverter circuit and an output circuit which are connected in sequence; the signal generating circuit comprises an oscillating circuit and a frequency division circuit which are connected in sequence; the frequency division circuit is used for dividing the frequency of the square wave signal to generate a first driving signal and a second driving signal which are complementary; the first driving signal and the second driving signal control the on-off of the half-bridge inverter circuit through the driving circuit. The utility model generates a square wave signal with fixed frequency by the oscillating circuit and carries out frequency halving by the frequency dividing circuit, generates two paths of complementary driving signals to control the on-off of the half-bridge inverter circuit, and further can freely adjust the power frequency according to the design requirement; the utility model discloses need not the dummy load and can realize steady voltage output, small, with low costs, the reliability is high.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a drive power supply technical field specifically relates to a half-bridge drive power supply, an IGBT drive arrangement and a car.
Background
In the motor controller for the new energy vehicle, gate driving power supplies of an IGBT and an MOSFET are one of key technologies of a driving circuit, and a stable and reliable driving power supply plays a crucial role in reliable realization of driving. Meanwhile, the power supply requires high-voltage isolation between the original secondary side, and is small in size, high in efficiency and low in cost. Meanwhile, the power supply often works in an environment with an ambient temperature of up to 85 degrees centigrade, and in an extreme case, the ambient temperature may reach 125 degrees centigrade. Existing implementations typically employ flyback converters or half-bridge drive circuits. The flyback circuit has the advantages of few devices and low cost, but the flyback circuit needs feedback, and the optocoupler increases the cost and also reduces the reliability; if the scheme of primary side magnetic feedback is adopted, a larger dummy load resistor is needed to participate in voltage stabilization, the voltage stabilization precision is poorer, and meanwhile, a feedback winding needs to be added, so that the transformer is more complex; the scheme of direct primary side feedback is adopted, and the problems of few alternatives, high price and the like exist at present.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides an embodiment's purpose provides a half-bridge drive power supply, IGBT drive arrangement and car to solve current IGBT drive power supply bulky, the structure is complicated and the problem that the reliability is low.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a half-bridge driving power supply, including:
the half-bridge inverter comprises a signal generating circuit, a driving circuit, a half-bridge inverter circuit and an output circuit which are connected in sequence;
the signal generating circuit comprises an oscillating circuit and a frequency division circuit which are connected in sequence;
the oscillation circuit is used for generating a square wave signal with fixed frequency, and the frequency division circuit is used for carrying out frequency division on the square wave signal so as to generate a first driving signal and a second driving signal which are complementary; the first driving signal and the second driving signal control the on-off of the half-bridge inverter circuit through the driving circuit.
Optionally, the driving circuit includes a driver and a bootstrap capacitor charging circuit;
the bootstrap capacitor charging circuit is connected with a high-side driving floating power end of the driver, a high-side driving floating end of the driver and a power end of the driver.
Optionally, the oscillation circuit includes a schmitt reverse trigger, a first resistor, and a first capacitor, one end of the first resistor is connected to an input end of the schmitt reverse trigger, the other end of the first resistor is connected to an output end of the schmitt reverse trigger and connected to an input end of the frequency division circuit, one end of the first capacitor is connected to the one end of the first resistor and the input end of the schmitt reverse trigger, and the other end of the first capacitor is grounded.
Optionally, the bootstrap capacitor charging circuit includes a first diode and a second capacitor, an anode of the first diode is connected to the power supply terminal of the driver, a cathode of the first diode is connected to one end of the second capacitor and connected to the high-side driving floating power supply terminal of the driver, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected to the high-side driving floating ground terminal of the driver.
Optionally, the frequency division circuit includes a D flip-flop, an input end of the D flip-flop is connected to an output end of the oscillation circuit, a forward output end of the D flip-flop is connected to a high-side input end of the driver, and a reverse output end of the D flip-flop is connected to a low-side input end of the driver.
Optionally, the half-bridge inverter circuit includes:
the transformer comprises a first switching tube, a second switching tube and a transformer;
the grid electrode of the first switch tube is connected with the high-side driving signal output end of the driver, and the grid electrode of the second switch tube is connected with the low-side driving signal output end of the driver;
the drain electrode of the first switch tube is connected with the power supply, the source electrode of the first switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the second switch tube and connected with the high-side driving floating end of the driver in parallel, and the source electrode of the second switch tube is grounded;
one end of the primary winding of the transformer is connected with the source electrode of the first switching tube and the drain electrode of the second switching tube, and the other end of the primary winding of the transformer is grounded.
Optionally, the output circuit comprises:
a first full-bridge rectifier circuit and a second full-bridge rectifier circuit;
the first full-bridge rectification circuit is connected with a first secondary winding of the transformer, and the second full-bridge rectification circuit is connected with a second secondary winding of the transformer.
Optionally, the first full-bridge rectifier circuit outputs a positive voltage and the second full-bridge rectifier circuit outputs a negative voltage.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an IGBT driving device, including:
an IGBT module; and
the half-bridge driving power supply;
the half-bridge driving power supply is used for providing a switching-on voltage and a switching-off voltage for the IGBT module.
In a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an automobile comprising the above-mentioned IGBT driving device.
The above technical solution of the present invention generates a square wave signal with fixed frequency by the oscillating circuit, and performs frequency division by the frequency division circuit to generate two complementary driving signals to control the on/off of the half-bridge inverter circuit, so as to freely adjust the power frequency according to the design requirement; and simultaneously the utility model discloses need not the dummy load and can realize steady voltage output, small, with low costs, the reliability is high.
Other features and advantages of embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the embodiments of the invention, but do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a half-bridge driving power supply according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a half-bridge driving power supply according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the description of the embodiments herein is for purposes of illustration and explanation only and is not intended to limit the invention.
In embodiments of the present invention, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in a first aspect of the present embodiment, there is provided a half-bridge driving power supply, including: the power supply comprises a signal generating circuit, a driving circuit, a half-bridge inverter circuit and an output circuit which are sequentially connected, wherein the half-bridge inverter circuit is also connected between a 12V external power supply and a power ground; the signal generating circuit comprises an oscillating circuit and a frequency division circuit which are connected in sequence; the frequency division circuit is used for dividing the frequency of the square wave signal to generate a first driving signal and a second driving signal which are complementary; the first driving signal and the second driving signal control the on-off of the half-bridge inverter circuit through the driving circuit to generate alternating current voltage, and the output circuit rectifies and outputs the generated alternating current voltage so as to provide driving voltage for the IGBT module.
The oscillating circuit comprises a Schmidt reverse trigger U2, a first resistor R1 and a first capacitor C13, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected with an input end A of the Schmidt reverse trigger U2, and the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected with an output end of the Schmidt reverse trigger U2
The input end of the frequency division circuit is connected and connected in parallel, one end of a first capacitor C13 is connected with one end of a first resistor R1 and the input end A of a Schmidt reverse trigger U2, the other end of the first capacitor C13 is grounded, the VCC end of the Schmidt reverse trigger U2 is connected with a 5V power supply, the AGND end of the Schmidt reverse trigger U2 is grounded, and the Schmidt reverse trigger U2 is a one-way Schmidt reverse trigger.
The driving circuit comprises a driver U1 and a bootstrap capacitor charging circuit, wherein the driver U1 is a driving control chip; the bootstrap capacitor charging circuit is connected to the high side driving floating power supply terminal HB of the driver U1, the high side driving floating terminal HS of the driver, and the power supply terminal VDD of the driver.
The frequency division circuit comprises a D flip-flop A3, a clock signal terminal CLK of a D flip-flop A3 and an output terminal of a Schmitt inverse flip-flop U2
The positive output end Q of the D trigger is connected with the high-side input end HI of the driver, and the reverse output end of the D trigger
Connected to the low-side input LI of the driver and the inverting output of the D flip-flop
Signal input with D flip-flopThe input end D is connected, and the set end PRE of the D trigger is grounded. In this way, the oscillating circuit generates a square wave signal with a fixed frequency through the first resistor R1, the first capacitor C13 and the schmitt-reverse trigger U2, and uses the square wave signal with the fixed frequency output by the schmitt-reverse trigger U2 as the clock signal of the D-trigger A3. Triggering D on A3
The end is connected to the signal input end D to realize the frequency division of two of the square wave signals with fixed frequency, namely, the level of the Q end in one period of the clock signal is inverted once, so that the D trigger A3 outputs two paths of PWM complementary signals with fixed duty ratio of 50 percent, namely, when the output of the forward output end Q of the D trigger is 1, the reverse output end of the D trigger
The output is 0, when the positive output end Q of the D trigger is 0, the reverse output end of the D trigger
The output is 1. The frequency of the square wave signal generated by the schmitt reverse trigger U2 can be adjusted according to actual requirements through the first resistor R1 and the first capacitor C13.
Optionally, the bootstrap capacitor charging circuit includes a first diode D1 and a second capacitor C4, an anode of the first diode D1 is connected to a power supply terminal VDD of the driver U1, the power supply terminal VDD of the driver U1 is connected to the 12V power supply, a cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to one end of the second capacitor C4 and connected to the high-side driving floating power supply terminal HB of the driver U1, the other end of the second capacitor C4 is connected to the high-side driving floating ground terminal HS of the driver U1, a ground terminal of the driver U1 is further connected to the 12V power supply through a third capacitor C1, and the third capacitor C1 is a support capacitor of the 12V power supply. The first diode D1 is a fast recovery diode, and the second capacitor C4 is a bootstrap capacitor.
The half-bridge inverter circuit includes: a first switch tube M1, a second switch tube M2 and a transformer; the first switch transistor M1 and the second switch transistor M2 are both N-channel MOSFETs. The gate of the first switching tube M1 is connected to the high side driving signal output HO of the driver U1 through a second resistor R4, and the gate of the second switching tube M2 is connected to the low side driving signal output LO of the driver through a third resistor R5; the drain electrode of the first switch tube M1 is connected with a 12V power supply, the source electrode of the first switch tube M1 is connected with the drain electrode of the second switch tube M2 and connected with the high-side driving floating end HS of the driver U1 in parallel, and the source electrode of the second switch tube M2 is grounded; one end of a primary winding L1 of the transformer is connected with the source electrode of the first switching tube M1 and the drain electrode of the second switching tube M2, and the other end of the primary winding L1 of the transformer is grounded.
In order to reduce the switching loss, shorten the unstable process when the first switching tube M1 and the second switching tube M2 are turned off, and avoid the direct connection of the upper bridge and the lower bridge caused by the coupling rise of the gate voltage of the lower bridge when the upper bridge of the half-bridge inverter circuit is rapidly turned on, the half-bridge inverter circuit further comprises a second diode D2, a third diode D3, a fourth resistor R2 and a fifth resistor R3, wherein the second diode D2 and the third diode D3 are fast recovery diodes. The anode of the second diode D2 is connected with one end of a fourth resistor R2, the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected with one end of the second resistor R4 and connected with the high-side driving signal output end HO of the driver U1, and the other end of the fourth resistor R2 is connected with the other end of the second resistor R4 and then connected with the gate of the first switch tube M1; the anode of the third diode D3 is connected to one end of the fifth resistor R3, the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected to one end of the third resistor R5 and connected to the low-side driving signal output terminal LO of the driver U1, and the other end of the fifth resistor R3 is connected to the other end of the third resistor R5 and then connected to the gate of the second switch transistor M2. The second resistor R4 is a driving resistor of the first switch tube M1, the third resistor R5 is a driving resistor of the second switch tube M2, and the conduction of the first switch tube M1 and the second switch tube M2 is delayed through the second resistor R4 and the third resistor R5, so as to avoid overdriving; through parallelly connected quick recovery diode on drive resistor, can in time let the electric charge release of MOSFET grid, guarantee MOSFET's normal close, in order to further guarantee first switch tube M1 and second switch tube M2 normal close, the resistance of second resistor R4 is greater than the resistance of fourth resistor R2, and the resistance of third resistor R5 is greater than the resistance of fifth resistor R3.
Meanwhile, in order to provide a voltage dividing network for the half-bridge inverter circuit in a steady state and automatically balance the volt-second value of each switching tube, the half-bridge inverter circuit of the embodiment further includes a sixth resistor R8, a seventh resistor R9, a fourth capacitor C2 and a fifth capacitor C3. One end of a sixth resistor R8 is connected with the drain electrode of the first switch tube M1 and one end of a fourth capacitor C2 and then connected with a 12V power supply, the other end of the sixth resistor R8 is connected with one end of a seventh resistor R9, the other end of a fourth capacitor C2 and the other end of a primary winding L1 of the transformer, and the other end of the seventh resistor R9 is grounded; one end of the fifth capacitor C3 is connected to the other end of the fourth capacitor C2 and the other end of the primary winding L1 of the transformer, and the other end of the fifth capacitor C3 is grounded.
In order to effectively absorb energy generated by the leakage inductance of the primary side L1 of the transformer, the half-bridge inverter circuit further comprises a tenth resistor R11 and a sixth capacitor C11, wherein the tenth resistor R11 and the sixth capacitor C11 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the primary side L1 of the transformer.
Since the on voltage of the IGBT is usually +15V and the off voltage thereof is-8V, the output circuit is required to output +15V and-8V simultaneously, and the output circuit of this embodiment includes: a first full-bridge rectifier circuit and a second full-bridge rectifier circuit; the first full-bridge rectifier circuit is connected to the first secondary winding L2 of the transformer, and the second full-bridge rectifier circuit is connected to the second secondary winding L5 of the transformer. The first full-bridge rectification circuit outputs a positive voltage of +15V, and the second full-bridge rectification circuit outputs a negative voltage of-8V.
The first full-bridge rectification circuit comprises a fourth diode D5, a fifth diode D6, a seventh diode D4, an eighth diode D7, a ninth diode D28 and a seventh capacitor C5; the second full-bridge rectification circuit comprises a twelfth diode D9, an eleventh diode D10, a twelfth diode D8, a thirteenth diode D11, a fourteenth diode D29 and an eighth capacitor C6. One end of the first secondary winding L2 of the transformer is connected to the anode of the fourth diode D5 and the cathode of the seventh diode D4, the cathode of the fourth diode D5 is connected to the cathode of the fifth diode D6, the cathode of the ninth diode D28 and one end of the seventh capacitor C5, the anode of the fifth diode D6 is connected to the other end of the first secondary winding L2 of the transformer and the cathode of the eighth diode D7, and the anode of the seventh diode D4 is connected to the anode of the eighth diode D7, the anode of the ninth diode D28, the other end of the eighth capacitor C5 and the cathode of the twelfth diode D9 and grounded. One end of the second secondary winding L5 is connected to the anode of the twelfth diode D9 and the cathode of the twelfth diode D8, the other end of the second secondary winding L5 is connected to the anode of the eleventh diode D10 and the cathode of the thirteenth diode D11, and the cathode of the eleventh diode D10 is connected to the cathode of the twelfth diode D9; an anode of the twelfth diode D8 is connected to an anode of the thirteenth diode D11, an anode of the fourteenth diode D29, and the other end of the eighth capacitor C6, and a cathode of the fourteenth diode D29 and one end of the eighth capacitor C6 are connected to a cathode of the twelfth diode D9 and grounded. The fourth diode D5, the fifth diode D6, the seventh diode D4 and the eighth diode D7 are rectifier diodes of the first full-bridge rectifier circuit, the rectifier output of the first full-bridge rectifier circuit is +15V, the ninth diode D28 is a zener diode of the first full-bridge rectifier circuit, the output is protected, the situation that the IGBT or the MOSFET is damaged due to overlarge output voltage of the first full-bridge rectifier circuit is prevented, and the seventh capacitor C5 is a filter and support capacitor of the rectifier output; the twelfth diode D9, the eleventh diode D10, the twelfth diode D8 and the thirteenth diode D11 are rectifier diodes of the second full-bridge rectifier circuit, the rectified output of the rectifier diodes is-8V, the fourteenth diode D29 is a zener diode of the second full-bridge rectifier circuit, and the eighth capacitor C6 is a filter and support capacitor of the rectified output.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:
firstly, an oscillation circuit generates a square wave signal with fixed frequency as a clock pulse signal of a D trigger A3, the square wave with the fixed frequency is subjected to frequency division by two through a D trigger A3, two paths of PWM complementary signals with 50% fixed duty ratio are generated, and the two paths of PWM complementary signals are output to a driver to drive a power tube. For example, the positive Q output of D flip-flop A3 is 0, and the negative Q output of D flip-flop A3 is 0
When the output 1 is detected, the low side driving signal output terminal LO of the driver U1 outputs a high level signal, and the high side driving signal output terminal HO outputs a low level signal, at this time, the first switch transistor M1 is turned off, and the second switch transistor M2 is turned onThe second capacitor C4 is charged through the loop power supply 330P12V, the first diode D1, the second capacitor C4 and the second switch tube M2, the potential of the floating power supply terminal HB driven by the high side of the driver U1 is raised through the charge pump, and when the first switch tube M1 is turned on and the second switch tube M2 is turned off, the voltage required for turning on the first switch tube M1 is provided as the output level of the high side driving signal output terminal HO. Similarly, when the high side driving signal output terminal HO of the driver U1 outputs a high level signal, and the low side driving signal output terminal LO thereof outputs a high level signal, the first switch transistor M1 is driven to be turned on, and the second switch transistor M2 is driven to be turned off. Therefore, due to the effect of the bootstrap capacitor charging circuit, the voltage at two ends of the primary winding L1 of the transformer is always in a square wave shape of-6V, and is output through the first full-bridge rectification circuit and the second full-bridge rectification circuit, and no matter the first switch tube M1 or the second switch tube M2 works, the direct current voltage of +15V and-8V which can drive the IGBT can be output.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an IGBT driving device, including: the IGBT module and the half-bridge driving power supply; the half-bridge driving power supply is used for providing a switching-on voltage and a switching-off voltage for the IGBT module. It can be understood that, in practical use, the IGBT module further comprises a control circuit, and the control circuit controls the voltage of +15V or-8V output by the half-bridge driving power supply to be applied to the IGBT module according to requirements.
In a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an automobile comprising the above-mentioned IGBT driving device.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the details of the above embodiments, and the technical idea of the embodiments of the present invention can be within the scope of the present invention, and can be modified to various simple modifications, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the embodiments of the present invention do not separately describe various possible combinations.
Claims (10)
1. A half-bridge drive power supply, comprising:
the half-bridge inverter comprises a signal generating circuit, a driving circuit, a half-bridge inverter circuit and an output circuit which are connected in sequence;
the signal generating circuit comprises an oscillating circuit and a frequency division circuit which are connected in sequence;
the oscillation circuit is used for generating a square wave signal with fixed frequency, and the frequency division circuit is used for carrying out frequency division on the square wave signal so as to generate a first driving signal and a second driving signal which are complementary; the first driving signal and the second driving signal control the on-off of the half-bridge inverter circuit through the driving circuit.
2. The half-bridge driving power supply of claim 1, wherein the driving circuit comprises a driver and a bootstrap capacitor charging circuit;
the bootstrap capacitor charging circuit is connected with a high-side driving floating power end of the driver, a high-side driving floating end of the driver and a power end of the driver.
3. The half-bridge driving power supply of claim 1, wherein the oscillating circuit comprises a schmitt trigger, a first resistor, and a first capacitor, wherein one end of the first resistor is connected to an input terminal of the schmitt trigger, the other end of the first resistor is connected to an output terminal of the schmitt trigger and connected to an input terminal of the frequency division circuit, one end of the first capacitor is connected to the one end of the first resistor and the input terminal of the schmitt trigger, and the other end of the first capacitor is grounded.
4. The half-bridge driving power supply of claim 2, wherein the bootstrap capacitor charging circuit comprises a first diode and a second capacitor, the anode of the first diode is connected to the power supply terminal of the driver, the cathode of the first diode is connected to one end of the second capacitor and connected to the high-side driving floating power supply terminal of the driver, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected to the high-side driving floating ground terminal of the driver.
5. The half-bridge driving power supply of claim 2, wherein the frequency division circuit comprises a D flip-flop, an input of the D flip-flop is connected to the output of the oscillating circuit, a forward output of the D flip-flop is connected to the high-side input of the driver, and an inverted output of the D flip-flop is connected to the low-side input of the driver.
6. The half-bridge driving power supply of claim 2, wherein the half-bridge inverter circuit comprises:
the transformer comprises a first switching tube, a second switching tube and a transformer;
the grid electrode of the first switch tube is connected with the high-side driving signal output end of the driver, and the grid electrode of the second switch tube is connected with the low-side driving signal output end of the driver;
the drain electrode of the first switch tube is connected with a power supply, the source electrode of the first switch tube is connected with the drain electrode of the second switch tube and connected with the high-side driving floating end of the driver in parallel, and the source electrode of the second switch tube is grounded;
one end of the primary winding of the transformer is connected with the source electrode of the first switching tube and the drain electrode of the second switching tube, and the other end of the primary winding of the transformer is grounded.
7. The half-bridge drive power supply of claim 6, wherein the output circuit comprises:
a first full-bridge rectifier circuit and a second full-bridge rectifier circuit;
the first full-bridge rectification circuit is connected with a first secondary winding of the transformer, and the second full-bridge rectification circuit is connected with a second secondary winding of the transformer.
8. The half-bridge drive power supply of claim 7, wherein the first full-bridge rectifier circuit outputs a positive voltage and the second full-bridge rectifier circuit outputs a negative voltage.
9. An IGBT driving device characterized by comprising:
an IGBT module; and
the half bridge drive power supply of any one of claims 1-8;
the half-bridge driving power supply is used for providing a switching-on voltage and a switching-off voltage for the IGBT module.
10. An automobile characterized by comprising the IGBT driving device according to claim 9.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024087162A1 (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2024-05-02 | 中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 | Two-stage topological driving power supply circuit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2024087162A1 (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2024-05-02 | 中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 | Two-stage topological driving power supply circuit |
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