CN214336910U

CN214336910U - Circularly polarized antenna, antenna array and electronic equipment

Info

Publication number: CN214336910U
Application number: CN202022556402.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许悦; 尹作彪; 张西洋
Original assignee: Blue Chuangyuan Beijing Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Blue Chuangyuan Beijing Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-06
Filing date: 2020-11-06
Publication date: 2021-10-01
Anticipated expiration: 2030-11-06

Abstract

The application discloses circular polarized antenna, antenna array and electronic equipment, this circular polarized antenna includes: a substrate comprising a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface; the radiation part is arranged on the first surface of the substrate and provided with a cutting angle; a reflective portion disposed on the second surface of the substrate; a feed section connected between the radiation section and the reflection section; the grounding part is positioned below the reflecting part, a through hole is formed in the part, corresponding to the feeding part, of the grounding part, and a gap is formed between the edge of the through hole and the feeding part. Therefore, the circularly polarized antenna can receive incoming waves in any polarization direction, the situation that signals cannot be received is avoided, and the using requirements of the antenna are met.

Description

Circularly polarized antenna, antenna array and electronic equipment

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a circularly polarized antenna, an antenna array and an electronic device.

Background

An antenna is an important microwave device that converts a received spatial radiation signal into a guided wave on a transmission line. The linear polarization antenna has the characteristics of simple structure, convenience in design and processing and the like, and is widely applied. However, the polarization direction of the linearly polarized antenna is a fixed direction, and when a certain deflection angle exists between the polarization direction of the linearly polarized antenna and the polarization direction of the radiation field signal to be measured, polarization mismatch occurs, so that large deviation occurs in the received power. When the deflection angle reaches 90 degrees, namely the polarization directions are orthogonal, complete polarization adaptation occurs, so that the linearly polarized antenna cannot receive signals, the use of the antenna is influenced, and the use requirement of the antenna cannot be met.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the present application is to provide a circularly polarized antenna, an antenna array and an electronic device, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art.

In a first aspect, according to an embodiment of the present application, there is provided a circularly polarized antenna, including:

a substrate comprising a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface;

the radiation part is arranged on the first surface of the substrate and provided with a cutting angle;

a reflective portion disposed on the second surface of the substrate;

a feed section connected between the radiation section and the reflection section;

the grounding part is positioned below the reflecting part, a through hole is formed in the part, corresponding to the feeding part, of the grounding part, and a gap is formed between the edge of the through hole and the feeding part.

In a possible implementation manner, the feeding portion is a metalized via disposed on the radiating portion near an edge portion, and the metalized via passes through the reflecting portion.

In one possible implementation, the radiating portion is polygonal.

In one possible implementation, the radiating portion is square.

In a possible implementation manner, the number of the cutting corners is two, and the two cutting corners are located on a diagonal line of the radiation part.

In one possible implementation, the shape of the chamfer is triangular.

In one possible implementation, the vertical length of the chamfer is 3mm to 8 mm.

In a second aspect, according to an embodiment of the present application, there is provided an antenna array including a plurality of antennas and the circularly polarized antenna.

In one possible implementation, the plurality of antennas are distributed in a circular array centered on the circularly polarized antenna.

In a third aspect, according to an embodiment of the present application, there is provided an antenna array, including a plurality of array elements, each of the array elements including at least one circularly polarized antenna as described above.

In one possible implementation, each of the array elements includes one of the circularly polarized antennas, and a plurality of the array elements are distributed in a circular array.

In a possible implementation manner, each of the array elements includes at least two of the circularly polarized antennas, and a plurality of the array elements are distributed in a square array, and adjacent array elements are sequentially rotated by 90 ° in direction.

In one possible implementation, the metalized via of each of the circularly polarized antennas is near the center of the antenna array.

In a fourth aspect, according to an embodiment of the present application, there is provided an electronic device including the above circularly polarized antenna and/or the above antenna array.

The application provides a circular polarized antenna, antenna array and electronic equipment, and this circular polarized antenna can receive the incoming wave of arbitrary polarization direction, has avoided the condition emergence that can not receive the signal, has satisfied the user demand of antenna.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a top view of a circularly polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a return loss S11 graph of a circularly polarized antenna according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating axial ratio of a circularly polarized antenna according to yet another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a block diagram of an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a graph of return loss S11 for an antenna array according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a graph of axial ratio of an antenna array according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 is a block diagram of an antenna array according to yet another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is a structural diagram of an antenna array according to another embodiment of the present application.

Wherein, 1-substrate, 11-first surface, 12-second surface, 2-metallized via hole, 3-corner cut, 4-radiation part, 5-reflection part, 6-via hole.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

In a first aspect, as shown in fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present application, there is provided a circularly polarized antenna, including: a substrate 1, the substrate 1 comprising a first surface 11, and a second surface 12 opposite to the first surface 11; the radiation part 4, the radiation part 4 is arranged on the first surface 11 of the substrate 1, and the radiation part 4 is provided with a cutting angle 3; a reflection part 5, the reflection part 5 being disposed on the second surface 12 of the substrate 1; a feeding unit connected between the radiation unit 4 and the reflection unit 5; and the grounding part is positioned below the reflecting part 5, a through hole 6 is arranged on the part of the grounding part corresponding to the power feeding part, and a gap is arranged between the edge of the through hole 6 and the power feeding part.

The substrate 1 may be a printed circuit board made of bismaleimide triazine resin or glass fiber reinforced oxygen resin, or a flexible sheet substrate made of polyimide, or even integrated with a part of a circuit to reduce occupied space. In some preferred implementations, the substrate 1 is an FR4 dielectric substrate. The FR4 material has the advantages of stable electrical insulation, good flatness, smooth surface, no pit and standard thickness tolerance, has good electrical characteristics and is less influenced by the environment. The substrate 1 may have a regular shape, such as a circle or a rectangle, or may have an irregular shape, which is not strictly limited in this embodiment.

The radiation portion 4, the reflection portion 5 and the grounding portion may be of a patch structure, specifically, the patch may be made of a conductive material such as silver, aluminum, iron, zinc or metal alloy, preferably a conductive material with low loss, such as copper or silver surface, or a non-metal, such as graphite, a composite plastic material formed by adding a conductive substance, and the like, and the embodiment is not limited. The area of the radiation part 4 is smaller than the area of the first surface 11 of the substrate 1, so that the production process can be simplified. The area of the reflection unit 5 is the same as the area of the second surface 12 of the substrate 1, and the reflection unit 5 reflects the electromagnetic wave to increase the gain.

The chamfer 3 of the radiation part 4 enables the radiation part 4 to form a polygonal structure, so that the radiation part 4 can form a circularly polarized radiator and can receive incoming waves in any polarization direction, the situation that signals cannot be received is avoided, and particularly, the signal receiving and transmitting device in the Bluetooth communication field meets the use requirement of an antenna. And the cutting angle 3 of the radiation part 4 can be formed by cutting, so that the operation is convenient and the price is low.

In summary, the circular polarization antenna provided by the embodiment can receive incoming waves in any polarization direction, thereby avoiding the occurrence of the situation that signals cannot be received, and meeting the use requirements of the antenna.

In one possible implementation, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the feeding portion is a metalized via 2 disposed on the radiating portion 4 near the edge portion, and the metalized via 2 passes through the reflecting portion 5.

Compare in other parts that set up metallized via hole 2 at radiating part 4, set up metallized via hole 2 in the part that is close to radiating part 4 edge, in concrete application, be convenient for adjust the installation direction of antenna to make metallized via hole 2 be close to the part of treating the connection, thereby make things convenient for the wiring of connecting line.

In another possible implementation, the radiating portion 4 is polygonal. Optionally, the radiating part 4 adopts a parallelogram structure, which facilitates the arrangement and design of each part mechanism. Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the radiation portion 4 is square to further facilitate the arrangement and design.

In yet another possible implementation, the number of the chamfer 3 is two, and the two chamfers 3 are located on a diagonal of the radiating portion 4. Two angles on the diagonal line are symmetrically cut off on the radiation part 4, and the circular polarization characteristic is realized by changing the equivalent impedance. Specifically, the shape of the chamfer 3 is triangular; in some preferred implementations, the included angle between the tangent line and the extension line of the side of the radiation portion 4 is 45 °, so that different circularly polarized frequency bands can be generated, and the circularly polarized frequency band can be effectively adjusted by accurately controlling the angle of the tangent angle 3.

Further, the vertical length d of the chamfer 3 is 3mm to 8 mm. The vertical length d of the cutting angle 3 is within the range of 3mm-8mm, the resonant frequency points of the circularly polarized antenna are all near 2.4G, and the circularly polarized characteristics are good. And the antenna performance is more excellent at the position where the vertical length of the corner cut 3 is 5 mm.

Illustratively, the substrate 1 of the circularly polarized antenna is an FR4 dielectric substrate with a thickness of 1.6mm, the radiating part 4 is a square patch with a side length of 28.3mm, and the vertical length d of the corner cut 3 is 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm and 8mm respectively. According to the above parameters, simulation is performed by using simulation software, as shown in fig. 4, in a graph of return loss S11 in which the vertical length d of the corner cut 3 is 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, and 8mm, respectively, antenna resonance frequency points are all around 2.4G, circular polarization characteristics are all good, and at the position where the vertical length d of the corner cut 3 is 5mm, antenna performance is more excellent.

In another example, the substrate 1 of the circularly polarized antenna is FR4 dielectric substrate, the thickness is 1.6mm, the radiating part 4 is a square patch with a side length of 28.3mm, the vertical length d of the corner 3 is 5mm, the horizontal components phi are 0 °, 20 °, 40 °, 60 ° and 80 °, respectively, and simulation is performed by using simulation software, as shown in fig. 5, phi is an axial ratio graph of 0 °, 20 °, 40 °, 60 ° and 80 °, respectively. It is understood that in other embodiments, the parameters of the antenna may be adjusted by the operator according to actual requirements, and are not limited herein.

The plurality of antennas may be circularly polarized antennas, or may also be other types of antennas, such as dual polarized antennas, and the application is not limited strictly. The antenna array comprises the circularly polarized antenna explained in the embodiment, so that the antenna array can receive incoming waves in any polarization direction, the situation that signals cannot be received is avoided, and the use requirement of the antenna is met.

Furthermore, the plurality of antennas are distributed in a circular array by taking the circularly polarized antenna as a center.

Illustratively, as shown in fig. 6, the plurality of antennas also employ circularly polarized antennas, that is, all antennas in the antenna array are circularly polarized antennas. When the circularly polarized antennas are distributed in an annular array, the adjacent circularly polarized antennas rotate 90 degrees in the direction in sequence, so that the working frequency bandwidth of the antenna array is improved, and the problem of narrow bandwidth of the microstrip antenna is effectively solved.

In the case where the distance L between the center-located circularly polarized antenna and the adjacent circularly polarized antenna is 5mm, simulation is performed using simulation software, and a return loss S11 graph of the antenna array shown in fig. 7 and an axial ratio graph of the antenna array shown in fig. 8 are obtained.

In a third aspect, according to an embodiment of the present application, there is provided an antenna array comprising a plurality of array elements, each array element comprising at least one circularly polarized antenna as described above.

The number of the circularly polarized antennas of each array element may be one, or may be more than two, and the application is not strictly limited. The antenna array comprises the circularly polarized antenna explained in the embodiment, so that the antenna array can receive incoming waves in any polarization direction, the situation that signals cannot be received is avoided, and the use requirement of the antenna is met.

In one possible implementation, as shown in fig. 9, each array element includes a circularly polarized antenna, and the plurality of array elements are distributed in a circular array.

In this implementation, a plurality of circularly polarized antennas form a circular array, so that the antenna array is centrosymmetric, and the difference of antenna performance in each direction is small. And adjacent circularly polarized antennas are not parallel, thereby minimizing coupling between the circularly polarized antennas. In addition, the middle part of the antenna array has a larger space, so that the microstrip line and the radio frequency switch array can be conveniently arranged.

Furthermore, the metallized through hole 2 of each circularly polarized antenna is close to the center of the antenna array, so that the feed points of the circularly polarized antennas are concentrated towards the middle, and the microstrip line can be conveniently led out.

In another possible implementation, as shown in fig. 10, each array element includes at least two circularly polarized antennas, and a plurality of array elements are distributed in a square array, and adjacent array elements are sequentially rotated by 90 ° in direction.

The circularly polarized antenna of each array element can form N rows and M columns of antenna units, wherein N and M are positive integers not less than 1. The number of circularly polarized antennas per row or column may be the same or different.

In this implementation, adjacent array elements rotate 90 ° in the direction in proper order for square array elements can closely arrange, and this kind of arrangement mode is suitable for common round angle square shell, improves antenna array's suitability. In addition, the circularly polarized antenna near the middle part can be flexibly arranged, and the positions of the microstrip line and the radio frequency switch can be conveniently avoided.

The antenna array can be applied to positioning Of bluetooth AOA (Angle Of Arrival) communication, and particularly, the antenna array can be installed in an electronic device at a receiving end, after receiving a bluetooth signal, the received bluetooth signal is fed into a calculation module, the calculation module converts the bluetooth signal Of each circularly polarized antenna into signal parameters such as phase and frequency Of the signal received by each circularly polarized antenna, and accurate position information Of a transmitting end can be calculated through an AOA algorithm according to the signal parameters. In addition, the circularly polarized antenna can receive incoming waves in any polarization direction, so that an antenna array formed by the circularly polarized antenna can also receive incoming waves in any polarization direction, signals cannot be lost, errors of signal parameters such as phases and frequencies are reduced, subsequent AOA estimation and positioning calculation are facilitated, and positioning accuracy is improved.

The electronic device includes but is not limited to bluetooth positioning device, and the electronic device includes the antenna structure explained in the above embodiments, so that the electronic device can receive incoming waves in any polarization direction, avoid the occurrence of the situation that signals cannot be received, and meet the use requirements of the antenna.

Other embodiments of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the application disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the application being indicated by the following claims.

It will be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A circularly polarized antenna, comprising:

-a substrate (1), the substrate (1) comprising a first surface (11), and a second surface (12) opposite the first surface (11);

a radiating portion (4), the radiating portion (4) being disposed on a first surface (11) of the substrate (1), the radiating portion (4) being provided with a chamfer (3);

a reflective portion (5), the reflective portion (5) being disposed on a second surface (12) of the substrate (1);

a feed section connected between the radiation section (4) and the reflection section (5);

the grounding part is positioned below the reflecting part (5), a through hole (6) is formed in the part, corresponding to the feeding part, of the grounding part, and a gap is formed between the edge of the through hole (6) and the feeding part.

2. The circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein the feeding portion is a metalized via (2) disposed on the radiating portion (4) near an edge portion, and the metalized via (2) passes through the reflecting portion (5).

3. A circularly polarised antenna according to claim 1, characterised in that the radiating portion (4) is polygonal.

4. A circularly polarised antenna according to claim 1, characterised in that the radiating portion (4) is square.

5. A circularly polarized antenna according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the number of said cut corners (3) is two, two of said cut corners (3) being located on a diagonal of said radiating portion (4).

6. A circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the shape of the cut-off corners (3) is triangular.

7. A circularly polarised antenna according to claim 1 characterised in that the vertical length of the cut-off angle (3) is 3-8 mm.

8. An antenna array comprising a plurality of antennas and a circularly polarized antenna according to any of claims 1 to 7.

9. An antenna array according to claim 8 wherein a plurality of said antennas are distributed in an annular array centered on said circularly polarized antenna.

10. An antenna array comprising a plurality of elements, each element comprising at least one of the circularly polarised antennas of claims 1 to 7.

11. An antenna array according to claim 10 wherein each of said elements comprises one of said circularly polarised antennas and a plurality of said elements are arranged in a circular array.

12. An antenna array according to claim 10 wherein each of the array elements comprises at least two of the circularly polarized antennas, and a plurality of the array elements are arranged in a square array, with adjacent array elements being sequentially rotated by 90 ° in direction.

13. An antenna array according to any of claims 10-12, wherein the metallized via (2) of each circularly polarized antenna is located near the center of the antenna array.

14. An electronic device comprising a circularly polarized antenna according to any of claims 1-7 or an antenna array according to any of claims 8-13.