CN117673705A - Antenna unit and communication device - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to an antenna unit and communication equipment, including base plate, monopole antenna, dipole antenna and first guide assembly, in the cavity between the first panel and the second panel is located to one side that the second panel was kept away from to the monopole antenna and extends to first panel, and the dipole antenna is located on the side that is close to the monopole antenna of second panel and extends to keeping away from the base plate direction, and first guide assembly locates on one side that the second panel was kept away from to first panel, and is located one side that the dipole antenna was kept away from to the monopole antenna. The monopole antenna generates vertical polarized radiation, the dipole antenna generates horizontal polarized radiation, and the first guiding component guides the monopole antenna to radiate towards a direction far away from the first guiding component, so that the antenna unit has a lower section and effective isolation performance, a connector can be omitted, the stacking difficulty is small, the occupied volume is small, the cost can be reduced, the end-emission dual polarization under the extremely small size is met, and the antenna unit is applicable to wireless terminal equipment.

Description

Antenna unit and communication device

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of antenna technologies, and in particular, to an antenna unit and a communication device.

Background

In the related art, the antenna unit and the main board need to be vertically placed by adopting the side-fire antenna, and the connector of the main board and the antenna unit needs to be added, so that the stacking difficulty is increased, the occupied volume is large, and the cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides an antenna unit and communication equipment, which can reduce the occupied volume and stacking cost of the antenna unit and are applicable to wireless terminal equipment.

The first aspect of the present application provides an antenna unit, comprising:

a substrate having a first panel and a second panel disposed opposite to each other at a distance;

the monopole antenna is arranged on one side of the first panel far away from the second panel, extends into a cavity between the first panel and the second panel, and is used for being connected with a first feed structure arranged in the cavity to receive a first feed signal and generate vertical polarized radiation under the excitation of the first feed signal;

the dipole antenna is arranged on the side edge, close to the monopole antenna, of the second panel and extends in the direction away from the substrate, and is used for being connected with a second feed structure arranged on the second panel to receive a second feed signal and generate horizontal polarized radiation under the excitation of the second feed signal;

the first guiding component is arranged on one side, far away from the second panel, of the first panel and is positioned on one side, far away from the dipole antenna, of the monopole antenna and is used for guiding the monopole antenna to radiate towards a direction far away from the first guiding component when the monopole antenna generates vertical polarized radiation.

A second aspect of the present application provides a communication device comprising:

an antenna element as described above.

The antenna unit comprises a substrate, a monopole antenna, a dipole antenna and a first guiding component, wherein the monopole antenna is arranged on one side of the first panel away from the second panel and extends into a cavity between the first panel and the second panel, the dipole antenna is arranged on the side edge of the second panel, which is close to the monopole antenna, and extends towards the direction away from the substrate, and the first guiding component is arranged on one side of the first panel away from the second panel and is positioned on one side of the monopole antenna away from the dipole antenna. The monopole antenna generates vertical polarized radiation under the excitation of the first feed signal, the dipole antenna generates horizontal polarized radiation under the excitation of the second feed signal, and the first guiding component guides the monopole antenna to radiate towards the direction far away from the first guiding component when the monopole antenna generates vertical polarized radiation, so that the antenna unit has a lower section and effective isolation performance, and the antenna unit can omit a connector, has small stacking difficulty and small occupied volume, further reduces the occupied volume and stacking cost of the antenna unit, satisfies end-emission dual polarization under the extremely small size, and is applicable to wireless terminal equipment.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is one of the block diagrams of an antenna unit according to an embodiment;

fig. 2 is a second block diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment;

fig. 3 is a third block diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment;

fig. 4 is a fourth block diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment;

fig. 5 is a fifth block diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment;

fig. 6 is a sixth block diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment;

fig. 7 is a block diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment;

fig. 8 is a block diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment;

fig. 9 is a block diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment;

fig. 10 is a block diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment;

fig. 11 is an eleventh block diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment;

fig. 12 is a block diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment;

fig. 13 is a block diagram of thirteenth of the antenna unit of the embodiment;

fig. 14 is a fourteen block diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment;

fig. 15 is a block diagram of fifteen antenna elements according to an embodiment;

fig. 16 is a block diagram of sixteen antenna elements of an embodiment;

fig. 17 is a seventeen block diagrams of an antenna unit according to an embodiment;

fig. 18 is a block diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment;

fig. 19 is a nineteenth block diagram of a structure of an antenna unit of an embodiment;

fig. 20 is twenty of a block diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment;

fig. 21 is a block diagram of a twenty-first antenna unit according to an embodiment;

fig. 22 is a block diagram of twenty-two of the antenna units according to an embodiment;

fig. 23 is an S-parameter chart of an antenna unit according to an embodiment;

fig. 24 is a graph showing one of current profiles of an antenna element under different port excitations according to an embodiment;

FIG. 25 is a second diagram of a current distribution of an antenna unit under different port excitations according to an embodiment;

FIG. 26 is a third plot of the current distribution of an antenna element according to one embodiment under different port excitations;

fig. 27 is one of the patterns of the antenna element under different port excitations of an embodiment;

fig. 28 is a second diagram of the antenna element of an embodiment under different port excitations.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the present application.

It will be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like, as used herein, may be used to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element and should not be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless explicitly defined otherwise.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.

The antenna unit according to the embodiments of the present application may be applied to a communication device having a wireless communication function, where the communication device may be a handheld device, an in-vehicle device, a wearable device, a computing device, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, and various forms of User Equipment (UE) (e.g., a Mobile Station, MS), and so on. For convenience of description, the above-mentioned devices are collectively referred to as communication devices.

Fig. 1 is one of the block diagrams of an antenna unit according to an embodiment, referring to fig. 1, in this embodiment, the antenna unit includes a substrate 10, a monopole antenna 20, a dipole antenna 30, and a first guiding component 40.

In the present embodiment, the substrate 10 has a first panel 110 and a second panel 120 that are opposite and spaced apart.

The substrate 10 may be a multi-layer printed circuit board (Printed circuit board, PCB), a first panel 110 and a second panel 120 are disposed in the substrate 10, and a dielectric material may be filled between the two panels to support the two panels of the substrate 10, and the substrate 10 may be used to dispose the monopole antenna 20, the dipole antenna 30, and the first guiding component 40.

Optionally, the first panel 110 and the second panel 120 are both ground plates, and the first panel 110 and the second panel 120 are electrically connected; the monopole antenna 20 extends into the cavity through a hollowed-out area formed on the first panel, and the first guiding component 40 is disposed on one side of the first panel 110 away from the second panel 120; the dipole antenna 30 is located on a side of the second panel 120 adjacent to the monopole antenna 20 and extends away from the second panel 120. The first panel 110 and the second panel 120 are both ground plates, and the first panel 110 and the second panel 120 are electrically connected such that the first director component 40, the dipole antenna 30 are commonly and hierarchically arranged. The first panel 110 and the second panel 120 may each be a conductive material, such as a metal material, an alloy material, a conductive silicone material, a graphite material, indium tin oxide, or the like, or a material having a high dielectric constant, such as glass, plastic, ceramic, or the like having a high dielectric constant.

In the present embodiment, the monopole antenna 20 is disposed on a side of the first panel 110 away from the second panel 120, and extends into a cavity between the first panel 110 and the second panel 120, for being connected to the first feeding structure 50 disposed in the cavity to receive the first feeding signal, and generate vertically polarized radiation under the excitation of the first feeding signal.

The monopole antenna 20 is connected to a first feeding structure 50 disposed inside the cavity, so as to receive a first excitation signal fed by the first feeding structure 50, and excite a monopole mode with 1/4 wavelength under the action of the first excitation signal, so as to generate vertically polarized radiation. Optionally, a first feed port is provided at an end of the monopole antenna 20 near the second panel 120, and the first feed port of the monopole antenna 20 is connected to the first feed structure 50 to receive a first feed signal; as shown in fig. 1, the first feed structure 50 is connected to the feed at port 2.

When the first panel 110 of the substrate 10 is a ground plate with a hollowed-out area 110A (as shown in fig. 2, fig. 2 only shows the first panel 110, the first feeding structure 50 and the monopole antenna 20), the monopole antenna 20 is disposed at a position corresponding to the hollowed-out area 110A and extends into a cavity inside the substrate 10 through the hollowed-out area 110A to be connected with the first feeding structure 50 in the cavity. On the one hand, the monopole antenna 20 may be spaced from the first panel 110 by the hollowed-out area 110A, so as to avoid a short circuit of the monopole antenna 20; on the other hand, the monopole antenna 20 extends into the cavity inside the substrate 10 through the hollowed-out area 110A, so that the height of the monopole antenna 20 exposed outside the substrate 10 can be reduced, which is beneficial to reducing the overall section height of the antenna unit, and enabling the antenna unit to be more miniaturized and thinned.

In this embodiment, the dipole antenna 30 is disposed on a side of the second panel 120 close to the monopole antenna 20 and extends away from the substrate 10, and is configured to be connected to a second feeding structure disposed on the second panel 120 to receive a second feeding signal and generate horizontally polarized radiation under the excitation of the second feeding signal.

The dipole antenna 30 is connected to a second feeding structure (not shown in the figure, only the second feeding structure is shown to be connected to the feed source through the port 1) disposed on the second panel 120, so as to receive a second excitation signal fed by the second feeding structure, and excite a dipole mode with 1/2 wavelength under the action of the second excitation signal, so as to generate horizontal polarized radiation. The antenna unit can realize dual polarized radiation by generating horizontal polarized radiation by the dipole antenna 30 and vertical polarized radiation by the monopole antenna 20. Alternatively, the first and second feed signals may have a phase difference of 90 ° so as to realize circularly polarized radiation on the basis of dual polarization.

Optionally, a second feed port is provided at an end of the dipole antenna 30 near the second panel 120, and the second feed port of the dipole antenna 30 is connected to the second feed structure to receive the second feed signal. Since the dipole antenna 30 is located on the side of the second panel 120, and the second feeding port and the corresponding second feeding structure of the dipole antenna 30 are disposed on the second panel 120; the monopole antenna 20 is located on a side of the first panel 110 remote from the second panel 120, and the first feed port and corresponding first feed structure 50 of the monopole antenna 20 are located in the cavity; therefore, the monopole antenna 20 and the dipole antenna 30 are arranged in a layered manner, and the first feeding port and the second feeding port are arranged in a layered manner, and the first feeding structure 50 and the second feeding structure are arranged in a layered manner, so that interference to each other when the monopole antenna 20 and the dipole antenna 30 are fed respectively can be reduced, isolation between the first feeding port and the second feeding port is improved, and effective isolation between the monopole antenna 20 and the dipole antenna 30 is realized; at the same time, the wiring of the first and second feed structures 50, 50 can also be simplified, which is advantageous in terms of cost reduction.

Alternatively, the first feed structure 50 may be a 50 ohm strip line, the second feed structure may be a 50 ohm microstrip line, the feeds in the radio frequency chips being connected to the monopole antenna 20 at port 2 via the 50 ohm strip line to feed the first feed signal to the monopole antenna 20, and to the dipole antenna 30 at port 1 via the 50 ohm microstrip line to feed the first feed signal to the dipole antenna 30.

The dipole antenna 30 is disposed on a side edge of the second panel 120, which is close to the monopole antenna 20, and extends in a direction away from the substrate 10, so that the dipole antenna 30 radiates electromagnetic waves in a direction away from the second panel 120, and when the second panel 120 is a ground plate, the second panel 120 forms a reflector of the dipole antenna 30, which is beneficial to further guiding the dipole antenna 30 to radiate in a direction away from the second panel 120, thereby improving the gain of the dipole antenna 30 and further improving the end-fire performance of the dipole antenna 30.

In this embodiment, the first guiding component 40 is disposed on a side of the first panel 110 away from the second panel 120 and on a side of the monopole antenna 20 away from the dipole antenna 30, for guiding the monopole antenna 20 to radiate in a direction away from the first guiding component 40 when the monopole antenna 20 generates vertical polarized radiation.

The first guiding component 40 is disposed on a side of the first panel 110 away from the second panel 120 and on a side of the monopole antenna 20 away from the dipole antenna 30, when the monopole antenna 20 generates vertical polarized radiation, the first guiding component 40 can generate surface current under the action of the monopole antenna 20 and form a reflector of the monopole antenna 20, so as to guide the monopole antenna 20 to radiate electromagnetic waves in a direction away from the first guiding component 40, thereby improving the gain of the monopole antenna 20 and further improving the end-fire performance of the monopole antenna 20.

Optionally, the height of the first guiding component 40 is higher than the height of the monopole antenna 20, and the height is the dimension of the first guiding component 40 or the monopole antenna 20 in a direction away from the second panel 120, so that the first guiding component 40 can implement a reflection effect on the monopole antenna 20. On the other hand, since the height of the first steering component 40 is higher than the height of the monopole antenna 20, when the monopole antenna 20 generates vertical polarized radiation, the first steering component 40 will correspond to a low frequency point, where strong currents that cause the monopole antenna 20 and the first steering component 40 can be excited simultaneously, and where strong currents that cause the monopole antenna 20 can be excited at other high frequency points, therefore, the arrangement of the first steering component 40 can further increase a resonance frequency point within the operating frequency band of the monopole antenna 20 to widen the bandwidth of the monopole antenna 20, so that the antenna unit covers a wider bandwidth.

Alternatively, the spacing between the monopole antenna 20 and the first steering assembly 40 is in the range of 1/5 wavelength to 3/4 wavelength of the monopole antenna 20 when radiating, and in this range, the first steering assembly 40 can more effectively steer the radiating direction of the monopole antenna 20. Optionally, the symmetry axis of the first director component 40 is parallel to the symmetry axis of the dipole antenna 30, so that the end fire performance of the antenna element may be further improved.

The antenna unit provided in this embodiment includes a substrate 10, a monopole antenna 20, a dipole antenna 30 and a first guiding component 40, where the monopole antenna 20 is disposed on a side of the first panel 110 away from the second panel 120 and extends into a cavity between the first panel 110 and the second panel 120, the dipole antenna 30 is disposed on a side of the second panel 120 close to the monopole antenna 20 and extends away from the substrate 10, and the first guiding component 40 is disposed on a side of the first panel 110 away from the second panel 120 and is located on a side of the monopole antenna 20 away from the dipole antenna 30. The monopole antenna 20 generates vertical polarized radiation under the excitation of the first feed signal, the dipole antenna 30 generates horizontal polarized radiation under the excitation of the second feed signal, and the first guiding component 40 guides the monopole antenna 20 to radiate towards a direction far away from the first guiding component 40 when the monopole antenna 20 generates vertical polarized radiation, so that the antenna unit has a lower section and effective isolation performance, a connector can be omitted, the stacking difficulty is small, the occupied area and the stacking cost of the antenna unit are further reduced, the end-emission dual polarization under the extremely small size is met, and the antenna unit is applicable to wireless terminal equipment.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3 (second panel 120, dipole antenna 30 are not shown in fig. 3), the first steering assembly 40 includes: a plurality of reflective arms 401 arranged at intervals.

The plurality of reflective arms 401 are disposed at intervals on a side of the first panel 110 away from the second panel 120, each reflective arm 401 is located on a side of the monopole antenna 20 away from the dipole antenna 30, the extending directions of each reflective arm 401 are parallel to each other, and each reflective arm 401 is configured to generate a surface current when the monopole antenna 20 is vertically polarized, so as to guide the monopole antenna 20 to radiate in a direction away from the reflective arm 401.

Each of the reflecting arms 401 forms a reflector of the monopole antenna 20, and the reflecting arms 401 are distributed at intervals to form a reflecting surface, so as to guide the monopole antenna 20 to radiate in a direction away from the reflecting surface, thereby improving the end-fire performance and radiation effect of the monopole antenna 20. The pitches between the adjacent reflecting arms 401 may be all or partially equal. In order to enhance the reflection effect of the first guiding assembly 40, the distance between the adjacent reflecting arms 401 should not be too large, and the arrangement can be adjusted according to the wiring condition around the reflecting arms 401. Fig. 3 (fig. 3 illustrates an example of 8 reflective arms 401) shows an embodiment in which the distance between two reflective arms 401 in the middle of the first guide assembly 40 is large, and the distances between the other adjacent reflective arms 401 are equal.

Optionally, the plurality of reflecting arms 401 are a plurality of metal posts perpendicular to the first panel 110, and the extending directions of the plurality of metal posts are the same and the extending dimensions are the same, so that the current field distribution caused by excitation of each reflecting arm 401 is the same, and the effect of each reflecting arm 401 on the monopole antenna 20 approaches to the same. Alternatively, the metal posts may be metallized vias, which may be disposed on only one side of the first panel 110 away from the second panel 120, may extend through the first panel 110 and into the cavity, and may extend through to an upper surface of the second panel 120 near the first panel 110. Alternatively, the dimension of the metallized via in a direction from the first panel 110 to away from the second panel 120 may be in the range of 0.7mm-1.5mm, and the diameter of the metallized via may be in the range of 0.1mm-0.5mm, so that the reflective effect of the reflective arm 401 is enhanced on the basis of an appropriate PCB profile.

Alternatively, the plurality of reflecting arms 401 are symmetrically disposed, and the monopole antenna 20 is disposed on the symmetry axis of the plurality of reflecting arms 401, so that the reflecting effect of the plurality of reflecting arms 401 on the monopole antenna 20 can be improved, and the gain and end-fire performance of the monopole antenna 20 can be improved. It will be appreciated that the monopole antenna 20 may be disposed offset from the axis of symmetry, and that the reflection of the first director component 40 may be enhanced when the monopole antenna 20 approaches the location of the axis of symmetry.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 3, the plurality of reflection arms 401 may be arranged in a linear array, and the monopole antenna 20 is disposed on a symmetry axis of the linear array; optionally, as shown in fig. 4 (fig. 4 illustrates 8 reflecting arms 401, for example), the plurality of reflecting arms 401 are arranged in a parabolic array, and the monopole antenna 20 is disposed on a symmetry axis of the parabolic array or on a focal point of the parabolic array, so as to further improve the reflection effect of the first guiding component 40.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, the first steering assembly 40 further comprises: reflective patch 402.

And a reflection patch 402 vertically connected to the reflection arm 401 for transmitting a surface current of the reflection arm 401.

Wherein the reflective patch 402 is vertically connected with the reflective arm 401, so that the reflective patch 402 and the reflective arm 401 form a folded guide assembly; since the reflective patch 402 transmits the surface current of the reflective arm 401, the reflective patch 402 lengthens the path of the surface current generated by the reflective arm 401, thereby reducing the lead assembly generating the same length path current and reducing the overall PCB profile. Alternatively, the reflective patch 402 may be a metal patch.

The shape and the area of the reflective patch 402 are not limited, and specifically, the area of contact with the reflective arms 401, the number of the reflective arms 401, and the arrangement thereof may be set.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 6, the number of the reflection patches 402 is one, and the reflection patches 402 cover a plurality of reflection arms 401; alternatively, as shown in fig. 7, the number of the reflection patches 402 is plural, and each reflection patch 402 is connected to one reflection arm 401. It will be appreciated that the arrangement of the reflective patches 402 is not limited to the arrangement of the foregoing embodiments, for example, when the number of reflective patches 402 is plural, each reflective arm 401 may be correspondingly connected to two or more reflective arms 401 (as shown in fig. 8, one reflective patch 402 covers 4 reflective arms 401), and the number of reflective arms 401 covered by different reflective patches 402 may be different or the same.

The reflective patch 402 and the reflective arm 401 form a folded guiding component, and the specific shape of the guiding component may not be limited, and the guiding component may be formed in a T shape (as shown in fig. 9, the size of the reflective patch 402 is only shown and not limited), an inverted L shape (as shown in fig. 10, the size of the reflective patch 402 is only shown and not limited), or a grid-like shape (as shown in fig. 11).

In some embodiments, please continue with additional reference to fig. 12, as shown in fig. 12, the monopole antenna 20 includes: radiating the branches 201.

The radiation branch 201 is perpendicular to the plane where the first panel 110 is located and is spaced from the first panel 110, and extends into the cavity through the hollowed-out area 110A formed by the first panel 110, and is used for being connected with the first feed structure 50 to receive the first feed signal, and generating surface current under the excitation of the first feed signal.

The radiation branch 201 is perpendicular to the plane where the first panel 110 is located, and extends into the cavity through the hollowed-out area 110A on the first panel 110 to be connected with the first feed structure 50, so that a surface current can be generated under the excitation of the first feed signal, and vertical polarized radiation is formed. Alternatively, the radiation branches 201 may be metal posts perpendicular to the first panel 110, and the extending direction of the metal posts is the same as the extending direction of each of the reflective arms 401 and extends by a smaller dimension than the reflective arms 401. Alternatively, the metal posts may be metallized vias having a dimension in a direction from the first panel 110 away from the second panel 120 in a range of 0.6mm-1.4mm, and the metallized vias may have a diameter in a range of 0.1mm-0.5mm, such that vertically polarized radiation occurs on a lower PCB profile basis.

In some embodiments, with continued assistance in reference to fig. 12, as shown in fig. 12, the monopole antenna 20 may further include: radiating patch 202.

And a radiation patch 202 vertically connected to the radiation stub 201 for transmitting a surface current of the radiation stub 201.

Wherein the radiating patch 202 and the radiating stub 201 form a folded monopole antenna 20, such that the radiating patch 202 and the radiating stub 201 form a folded monopole antenna 20; since the radiation patch 202 transmits the surface current of the radiation stub 201, the radiation patch 202 lengthens the path of the surface current generated by the radiation stub 201, thereby reducing the monopole antenna 20 generating the same length path current and reducing the overall PCB profile. Alternatively, the reflective patch 402 may be a metal patch.

The radiating patch 202 and the radiating branches 201 form a folded monopole antenna 20, and the specific shape of the monopole antenna 20 may not be limited, and exemplary monopole antenna 20 may be formed in a T shape or an inverted L shape.

It will be appreciated that the antenna unit may include at least one of the folded monopole antenna 20 and the folded guide assembly, and that when the antenna unit includes any one of the folded monopole antenna 20 and the folded guide assembly, the PCB profile may be reduced, resulting in a thinner antenna unit.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 13 (fig. 13 only shows the dipole antenna 30 and the second panel 120), the dipole antenna 30 includes: a first radiation arm 301, a second radiation arm 302.

A first radiating arm 301, disposed on a side edge of the second panel 120, for connecting with a second feeding structure on the second panel 120 to receive a second feeding signal; the second radiation arm 302 is disposed on a side of the second panel 120, or disposed on a side of the second panel 120 away from the first panel 110 and spaced apart from the second panel 120; wherein, the direction of the free end of the first radiation arm 301 is opposite to the direction of the free end of the second radiation arm 302, and the first radiation arm 301 and the second radiation arm 302 are used for jointly guiding the electromagnetic wave generated by the excitation of the second feed signal to radiate in the horizontal polarization direction.

The first radiation arm 301 and the second radiation arm 302 may be disposed on the same layer as the second panel 120, or may be disposed in a layered manner, for example, the first radiation arm 301 and the second panel 120 are disposed on the same layer, and the second radiation arm 302 is disposed on a side far from the second panel 120 and is spaced from the second panel 120.

Optionally, the first radiating arm 301 and the second radiating arm 302 are symmetrically disposed, and the symmetry axes of the first radiating arm 301 and the second radiating arm 302 are parallel or even coincide with the symmetry axis of the first guiding component 40, so as to improve the end-fire performance of the antenna unit. Alternatively, when the first radiation arm 301 and the second radiation arm 302 are arranged in the same layer, the first radiation arm 301 and the second radiation arm 302 may be symmetrically arranged, and the first radiation arm 301 and the second radiation arm 302 may be spaced apart by a certain distance, or may be adjacent.

The shapes of the first radiating arm 301 and the second radiating arm 302 are not further limited herein, and the branches of the first radiating arm 301 and the second radiating arm 302 spaced from the second panel 120 may be rectangular, but may also be other possible shapes, such as triangle, trapezoid or ellipse. Alternatively, the lengths of the first radiating arm 301 and the second radiating arm 302 may be equal or approximately equal, e.g., the length of the dendrites of the first radiating arm 301 and the second radiating arm 302 spaced from the second panel 120 may be about one quarter of the medium wavelength; the width of the nubs of the first radiating arm 301 and the second radiating arm 302 spaced from the second panel 120 may be 0.1mm-0.3mm.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 14 (fig. 14 illustrates that the first radiation arm 301 and the second radiation arm 302 are disposed in a different layer, and fig. 14 illustrates only the dipole antenna 30 and the second panel 120), the dipole antenna 30 further includes: an impedance matching layer 303.

The impedance matching layer 303 is disposed between the second panel 120 and the first radiating arm 301 and coplanar with the second panel 120, and is used for adjusting impedance matching of the dipole antenna 30, thereby improving radiation performance of the dipole antenna 30. Optionally, the size of the impedance matching layer 303 tends to be gradually smaller away from the second panel 120, for example, the impedance matching layer 303 may have a trapezoid structure, where a long side of the trapezoid is located near the second panel 120 and a short side of the trapezoid is located far away from the second panel 120, so as to effectively achieve impedance matching performance.

It can be appreciated that the impedance matching layer 303 may be disposed on a side of at least one of the first radiating arm 301 and the second radiating arm 302, which is close to the second panel 120, so as to adjust the impedance of the dipole antenna 30, which is not limited further, and may be specifically adjusted according to actual requirements.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 15 (fig. 15 only shows the dipole antenna 30 and the second panel 120), the dipole antenna 30 includes: the radiating arms 304 are folded.

The folded radiation arm 304 is in an annular shape with an opening and is arranged on the side edge of the second panel 120, two ends of the opening of the folded radiation arm 304 are respectively connected with the second panel 120, the folded radiation arm 304 is coplanar with the plane where the second panel 120 is positioned or perpendicular to the second panel 120, and the folded radiation arm 304 is used for guiding electromagnetic waves generated by the excitation of the second feed signals to radiate in the horizontal polarization direction.

The folded radiation arms 304 may be disposed in the same layer as the second panel 120, or may be partially disposed in the same layer as the second panel 120, and partially disposed perpendicular to the second panel 120. Optionally, the folded radiating arms 304 are symmetrically disposed, and the symmetry axis of the folded radiating arms 304 is parallel or even coincident with the symmetry axis of the first guiding assembly 40, so as to improve the end-fire performance of the antenna unit. The folded radiating arm 304 has a superior impedance matching effect with respect to the dipole antenna 30 of the first radiating arm 301 and the second radiating arm 302, so that the radiation performance of the dipole antenna 30 can be further improved.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 16 (fig. 16 is illustrated based on fig. 14), the antenna unit further comprises a second steering component.

The second guiding component is disposed on a side of the dipole antenna 30 away from the second panel 120 and spaced apart from the dipole antenna 30, and is used for guiding the radiation direction of the dipole antenna 30.

Wherein the extending direction of the second guiding component is approximately perpendicular to the direction away from the second panel 120. When the dipole antenna 30 is horizontally polarized and radiated, the electromagnetic wave beam is radiated in the direction away from the second panel 120, and the guiding structure generates induced current under the action of the dipole antenna 30 so as to further guide the dipole antenna 30 to radiate in the direction away from the second panel 120, thereby improving the gain of the dipole antenna 30; meanwhile, a resonance frequency point may be added to the operating frequency band of the dipole antenna 30 to widen the bandwidth of the dipole antenna 30. Thus, by providing the guide structure in the radiation direction of the dipole antenna 30, the bandwidth of the dipole antenna 30 can be widened and the antenna gain can be improved.

The second guiding component may include one or more parallel metal strips, where an extending direction of the metal strips is perpendicular from the second panel 120 to a direction away from the second panel 120, and when the number of metal strips is plural, the metal strips are arranged at intervals in parallel, so that directional radiation characteristics and gains of the antenna unit may be further improved. The number of the metal strips influences the gain and the lobe width, and the number can be specifically set according to actual requirements.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 18, the substrate 10 may further include a ground assembly 130 on the basis that the first panel 110 and the second panel 120 are both ground plates.

The grounding assembly 130 is disposed between the first panel 110 and the second panel 120, and is used for electrically connecting the first panel 110 and the second panel 120, so as to realize common ground arrangement of the first panel 110 and the second panel 120.

The grounding assembly 130 is disposed between the first panel 110 and the second panel 120 to realize common-ground arrangement of the first panel 110 and the second panel 120, so that a cavity mode between the first panel 110 and the second panel 120 can be reduced, repetitive oscillation of clutter in a non-radiation mode is reduced, and radiation performance is improved.

Optionally, the grounding component 130 may be a plurality of metallized vias between two grounding boards, where the size, number and arrangement positions of the metallized vias are not limited, and the metallized vias may be disposed near the first guiding component 40, the monopole antenna 20 and the dipole antenna 30, so as to further avoid clutter generation and improve the radiation performance of the antenna unit. Alternatively, the plurality of metallized vias may be spaced apart and may be uniformly disposed in the region proximate the dipole antenna 30 and monopole antenna 20, as illustrated in fig. 19, for example, the plurality of metallized vias may be symmetrically distributed about the axis of symmetry of the first steering assembly 40.

As will be further described below with reference to fig. 20-22, the antenna unit of this embodiment includes a first guiding element 40 formed by 8 reflection arms 401 arranged in a linear array, a monopole antenna 20 located on a symmetry axis of the first guiding element 40, a dipole antenna 30 formed by a first radiation arm 301, a second radiation arm 302 and a trapezoidal impedance matching layer 303 which are arranged in a non-identical layer, and a grounding element 130 formed by a plurality of metallized vias, where the first panel 110 and the second panel 120 are all metal plates.

The parameters of the antenna unit of this embodiment are as follows: the length of the monopole antenna 20 is lv=0.8 mm, the length Lr of each reflecting arm 401 is lr=0.9 mm, the distance g2=0.5 mm from the monopole antenna 20 to the reflecting arm 401 is g2=0.5 mm, and both the monopole antenna 20 and the reflecting arm 401 are formed with metallized vias, and the diameter of the metallized vias is 0.2mm. The single arm length lh=0.7 mm of the dipole antenna 30, the width wh=0.2 mm of the dipole antenna 30, the distance g1=0.5 mm of the dipole antenna 30 to the second panel 120, the width wf=0.2 mm of the 50 ohm microstrip line of the dipole antenna 30, the dielectric constant of the dielectric material filled in the pcb substrate 10 is dk=3.5, df=0.01.

In this embodiment, FIG. 23 shows an S-parameter plot of an antenna element, wherein the dipole antenna 30 has an internal reflection coefficient < -10dB at 57.8-66.2 GHz; the monopole antenna 20 has an internal reflection coefficient of < -10dB within 53-71 GHz and an internal port isolation of > 10dB within 55-67 GHz, so that the dipole antenna and the monopole antenna have higher radiation performance and higher isolation. Fig. 24-26 are graphs of the current profiles of the antenna element at different port excitations, 1 port exciting the half-wavelength mode of the dipole antenna 30 at 60GHz, 2 port exciting the current on both the monopole antenna 20 and the reflector arm 401 at 56GHz, and primarily exciting the current on the monopole antenna 20 at 66GHz, whereby it can be seen that the antenna element covers a wider bandwidth. Fig. 27-28 are patterns of antenna elements under different port excitations, from which it can be seen that: the antenna element may implement end-fire dual polarized radiation. Therefore, the antenna unit of the embodiment can realize end-fire dual polarization under the condition of meeting the large bandwidth of an antenna with a very small size, and can support the wireless transmission function.

The present application further provides a communication device including the antenna unit in the above embodiments, and the description of the antenna unit may be referred to the above description, which is not repeated herein. Alternatively, the communication device may include a plurality of antenna units, each of which is arranged in turn to form an antenna array.

The communication equipment with the antenna unit in the embodiment can be suitable for transmission of a wireless interface, has higher end-fire dual-polarized radiation performance and effective isolation performance, has a lower antenna section, and can reduce the occupied space of the antenna unit in the electronic equipment.

The electronic device may be a communication module including a cell phone, tablet, notebook, palm top, mobile internet device (Mobile Internet Device, MID), wearable device (e.g., smart watch, smart bracelet, pedometer, etc.), or other settable antenna.

The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.

The foregoing examples represent only a few embodiments of the present application, which are described in more detail and are not thereby to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements could be made without departing from the spirit of the present application, which would be within the scope of the present application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the claims appended hereto.

Claims (17)

1. An antenna unit, comprising:

a substrate having a first panel and a second panel disposed opposite to each other at a distance;

the monopole antenna is arranged on one side of the first panel far away from the second panel, extends into a cavity between the first panel and the second panel, and is used for being connected with a first feed structure arranged in the cavity to receive a first feed signal and generate vertical polarized radiation under the excitation of the first feed signal;

the dipole antenna is arranged on the side edge, close to the monopole antenna, of the second panel and extends in the direction away from the substrate, and is used for being connected with a second feed structure arranged on the second panel to receive a second feed signal and generate horizontal polarized radiation under the excitation of the second feed signal;

the first guiding component is arranged on one side, far away from the second panel, of the first panel and is positioned on one side, far away from the dipole antenna, of the monopole antenna and is used for guiding the monopole antenna to radiate towards a direction far away from the first guiding component when the monopole antenna generates vertical polarized radiation.

2. The antenna unit of claim 1, wherein the first steering assembly comprises:

the plurality of reflecting arms are arranged at intervals and are arranged on one side, far away from the second panel, of the first panel, each reflecting arm is arranged on one side, far away from the dipole antenna, of the monopole antenna, the extending directions of the reflecting arms are parallel to each other, and each reflecting arm is used for generating surface current when the monopole antenna is vertically polarized so as to guide the monopole antenna to radiate towards the direction far away from the reflecting arm.

3. The antenna unit of claim 2, wherein the first steering assembly further comprises:

and the reflection patch is vertically connected with the reflection arm and is used for transmitting the surface current of the reflection arm.

4. The antenna unit of claim 3, wherein the number of said reflective patches is one, said reflective patches covering a plurality of said reflective arms; or the number of the reflection patches is multiple, and each reflection patch is correspondingly connected with one reflection arm.

5. The antenna unit of claim 2, wherein a plurality of said reflecting arms are symmetrically disposed, and said monopole antenna is disposed on an axis of symmetry of a plurality of said reflecting arms.

6. The antenna unit of claim 1, wherein the monopole antenna comprises:

the radiation branches are perpendicular to the plane where the first panel is located and are spaced from the first panel, extend into the cavity through a hollowed-out area formed in the first panel, and are used for being connected with the first feed structure to receive the first feed signal, and generate surface current under the excitation of the first feed signal.

7. The antenna unit of claim 6, wherein the monopole antenna further comprises:

and the radiation patch is vertically connected with the radiation branch and is used for transmitting the surface current of the radiation branch.

8. The antenna unit of claim 1, wherein the dipole antenna comprises:

a first radiating arm disposed on the side edge of the second panel for connecting with the second feeding structure on the second panel to receive the second feeding signal;

the second radiation arm is arranged on the side edge of the second panel or is arranged on one side of the second panel away from the first panel and is spaced from the second panel;

the direction of the free end of the first radiating arm is opposite to the direction of the free end of the second radiating arm, and the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm are used for jointly guiding electromagnetic waves generated by excitation of the second feed signal to radiate in the horizontal polarization direction.

9. The antenna unit of claim 8, wherein the dipole antenna further comprises:

and the impedance matching layer is arranged between the second panel and the first radiation arm and coplanar with the second panel, and is used for adjusting the impedance matching of the dipole antenna.

10. The antenna unit of claim 1, wherein the dipole antenna comprises:

the folding radiation arm is in an annular shape with an opening and is arranged on the side edge of the second panel, two ends of the opening of the folding radiation arm are respectively connected with the second panel, the folding radiation arm is coplanar with the plane where the second panel is located or perpendicular to the second panel, and the folding radiation arm is used for guiding electromagnetic waves generated by excitation of the second feed signals to radiate in the horizontal polarization direction.

11. The antenna unit of any one of claims 1-10, wherein a height of the first steering assembly is greater than a height of the monopole antenna, wherein the height is a dimension of the first steering assembly or the monopole antenna in a direction away from the second panel.

12. The antenna unit according to any of claims 1-10, characterized in that the spacing between the monopole antenna and the first director component is in the range of 1/5 wavelength-3/4 wavelength, the wavelength being the center frequency point wavelength of the monopole antenna when radiating.

13. The antenna unit according to any of claims 1-10, characterized in that the symmetry axis of the first director component is parallel to the symmetry axis of the dipole antenna.

14. The antenna unit of any one of claims 1-10, wherein the first and second panels are each a ground plane, the first and second panels being electrically connected; the monopole antenna extends into the cavity through a hollowed-out area formed in the first panel.

15. The antenna element of claim 14, wherein the substrate further comprises:

and the grounding assembly is arranged between the first panel and the second panel and is used for electrically connecting the first panel and the second panel.

16. The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1-10, further comprising:

the second guiding component is arranged on one side, far away from the second panel, of the dipole antenna and is spaced from the dipole antenna, and the second guiding component is used for guiding the radiation direction of the dipole antenna.

17. A communication device, comprising:

an antenna unit according to any of claims 1-16.