CN214227148U

CN214227148U - Broadband circular polarization U seam patch antenna

Info

Publication number: CN214227148U
Application number: CN202120329854.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曾建平; 黄浩; 梁修业; 张喆; 关放; 刘晓晗; 资剑
Original assignee: Fudan University
Current assignee: Fudan University
Priority date: 2021-02-01
Filing date: 2021-02-01
Publication date: 2021-09-17
Anticipated expiration: 2031-02-01

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the antenna, specifically a broadband circular polarization U stitches patch antenna. The utility model discloses the antenna includes the three: the metal patch is integrally square and provided with an asymmetric U-shaped groove; the coaxial feed probe is inserted into the circular holes in the dielectric plate and the floor and is directly connected with the upper metal patch to excite the antenna. A new mode is introduced by the U-shaped groove, and the characteristics of TM10 and TM01 modes of the original patch antenna can be effectively adjusted. When the antenna works, three orthogonal modes are excited simultaneously, and the circularly polarized bandwidth of the patch antenna can be effectively expanded.

Description

Broadband circular polarization U seam patch antenna

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the antenna, concretely relates to broadband circular polarization U stitches patch antenna.

Background

The circularly polarized antenna can reduce multipath interference, eliminate Faraday rotation effect and allow the position between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna to be flexibly arranged, so that the circularly polarized antenna is widely applied to the fields of satellite communication, American GPS, Beidou Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and the like. Common circularly polarized antennas include patch antennas, helix antennas and dipole antennas, and compared with helix antennas and dipole antennas, patch antennas have the advantages of low profile, easiness in manufacturing, high processing precision, easiness in conforming to a carrier and the like, so that the circularly polarized antennas are widely applied. However, the greatest disadvantage of the patch antenna is that the narrow operating band limits its application range.

In order to meet the requirements of modern communication systems for miniaturization and broadband of circularly polarized antennas, the conventional patch antenna mostly adopts a dielectric substrate with high dielectric constant and thick thickness to expand the bandwidth. However, the thick dielectric substrate results in a high antenna profile, excessive weight, and increased manufacturing cost. In addition, the dielectric substrate with high dielectric constant can excite the dielectric surface wave, and the radiation efficiency of the antenna is reduced. Apart from the bandwidth, the overall performance of circularly polarized patch antennas is generally not high, and the relevant important performance parameters tend to be considered, such as: the problems that the feed structure is simple but the circular polarization bandwidth is narrow, and the circular polarization bandwidth is wide but the feed structure is complex generally exist. Therefore, the research of the high-performance broadband single-feed circularly polarized patch antenna has important significance and practical value.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the not enough or partial not enough of solving prior art, the utility model provides a broadband circular polarization U seam patch antenna utilizes the three orthogonal mode of antenna under the volume that does not increase the antenna or under using complicated feed structure condition, has extended patch antenna's bandwidth effectively.

The utility model provides a broadband circular polarization U seam patch antenna, which consists of three parts;

the first part is an upper metal patch, and the main radiation part of the antenna adopts a printed metal layer; the patch is square as a whole and has a thickness of 18-35 microns; an asymmetric U-shaped groove is formed in the patch; the line width of the groove is preferably 1-2 mm wide, the depth is preferably 18-35 microns deep, the length and the distance between the two arms are both smaller than the side length of the square patch, and the specific size is determined according to the impedance and the axial ratio bandwidth required by the actual antenna; the asymmetric U-shaped groove can introduce a new mode, and can effectively adjust the characteristics of TM10 and TM01 modes of the patch antenna, and the three modes are excited simultaneously to radiate broadband circularly polarized electromagnetic waves.

The second part is an intermediate dielectric layer which is a carrier of the metal patch and is used for supporting the metal patch; the dielectric layer is a cuboid with a square bottom surface and a thickness of 3-5 mm. A cylindrical hole with a smaller diameter (such as 0.6-1 mm) is formed at the feeding position; the dielectric material with high dielectric constant is selected as the dielectric material, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the antenna.

The third part is a lower metal floor, a cylindrical hole with a larger diameter (such as 3-5 mm) is formed in the position, corresponding to the cylindrical hole in the dielectric layer, of the floor for inserting a feed probe, and the floor is integrally square. The floor plays a role in reflecting electromagnetic waves, and the antenna gain is improved.

The coaxial feed probe is inserted into the corresponding cylindrical holes in the dielectric plate and the floor and is directly connected with the upper-layer metal patch to excite the antenna.

When the antenna works, three orthogonal modes are excited simultaneously, and the circularly polarized bandwidth of the patch antenna is effectively expanded.

The utility model discloses antenna structure is simple, conveniently realizes two circular polarizations, greatly promotes the circular polarization bandwidth simultaneously.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a broadband circularly polarized U-slot patch antenna.

Fig. 2 is a resonance mode distribution diagram of the broadband circularly polarized U-slot patch antenna.

Fig. 3 is a return loss simulation diagram of the broadband circularly polarized U-slot patch antenna.

FIG. 4 is an axial ratio simulation diagram of a broadband circularly polarized U-slot patch antenna.

FIG. 5 is a xoy planar pattern of a broadband circularly polarized U-slot patch antenna at 5.5 GHz.

FIG. 6 is the yoz plane directional diagram of the broadband circularly polarized U-slot patch antenna at 5.5 GHz.

The numbering in the figures illustrates: 1 is an upper metal patch, 2 is an asymmetric U-shaped gap formed on the patch, 3 is a middle medium plate, 4 is a lower metal floor, 5 is a thin cylindrical hole formed on the medium plate, and 6 is a thick cylindrical hole formed on the floor.

Detailed Description

The antenna adopts a metal-dielectric-metal sandwich structure, an upper copper foil metal patch 1 with the thickness of 18-35 micrometers is printed on a dielectric plate 3 (a proper dielectric plate is selected according to actual requirements) by using a PCB (printed Circuit Board) process, an asymmetric U-shaped gap 2 is formed in the patch 1, the line width of a groove is preferably 1-2 millimeters wide, the depth of the groove is preferably 18-35 micrometers deep, the length and the distance between two arms are smaller than the side length of a square patch, the specific size is determined according to the impedance and the axial ratio bandwidth required by the actual antenna, and a thin cylindrical hole 5 with the diameter of 0.8 millimeter is drilled at the feed position of the dielectric plate 3. Then, the metal floor 4 is attached below the dielectric plate 3, and a thick cylindrical hole 6 with a diameter of 4.0 mm is drilled at the same feeding position of the metal floor 4, so that the assembly is completed. When in use, the coaxial probe can be used only by being inserted.

Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a wideband circularly polarized U-slot patch antenna, which is assembled as described above.

Fig. 2 shows a resonant mode distribution diagram of the broadband circularly polarized U-slot patch antenna.

Fig. 3 shows a return loss simulation diagram of the broadband circularly polarized U-slot patch antenna.

Fig. 4 shows an axial ratio simulation diagram of the broadband circularly polarized U-slot patch antenna.

Figure 5 shows the xoy plane pattern of the broadband circular polarization U-slot patch antenna at 5.5 GHz.

Fig. 6 shows the yoz plane directional diagram of the broadband circular polarization U-slot patch antenna at 5.5 GHz.

Claims

1. A broadband circular polarization U-seam patch antenna is characterized by comprising three parts;

the first part is an upper metal patch, is a main radiation part of the antenna and adopts a printed copper foil metal layer; the metal patch is square in shape and 18-35 microns thick; an asymmetric U-shaped groove is formed in the patch;

the second part is an intermediate dielectric layer which is a carrier of the metal patch and is used for supporting the metal patch; the dielectric layer is a cuboid with a square bottom surface and a thickness of 3-5 mm; a cylindrical hole with the diameter of 0.6-1 mm is formed at the feeding position;

the third part is a lower-layer metal floor, a cylindrical hole with the diameter of 3-5 mm is formed in the position, corresponding to the cylindrical hole in the dielectric layer, of the floor and used for inserting a feed probe, the floor is integrally square, and the floor plays a role in reflecting electromagnetic waves;

2. The broadband circularly polarized U-slot patch antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the asymmetric U-shaped slot has a line width of 1-2 mm and a depth of 18-35 μm, the length and the distance between the two arms of the U-shaped slot are smaller than the side length of the square patch, and the specific size is determined according to the impedance and axial ratio bandwidth required by the actual antenna.