CN101179149B - One point coaxial feed low profile back-cavity circularly polarized antenna - Google Patents
One point coaxial feed low profile back-cavity circularly polarized antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN101179149B CN101179149B CN2007101568233A CN200710156823A CN101179149B CN 101179149 B CN101179149 B CN 101179149B CN 2007101568233 A CN2007101568233 A CN 2007101568233A CN 200710156823 A CN200710156823 A CN 200710156823A CN 101179149 B CN101179149 B CN 101179149B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a single-pointed coaxially feeding lowly-outlined cavity-backed circularly polarized antenna. The common cavity-backed circularly polarized antenna has a complex structure, large size, and a high manufacturing cost. In the invention, a metal layer is plated on the two faces of the dielectric substrate; an upper metal layer is etched with two strips of vertical rectangular slots used for radiating the energy. A plurality of plated-through holes aligned circularly is installed by penetrating the upper metal layer, the dielectric substrate and a lower metal layer, thus forming a round cavity. A coaxial probe as a feeding structure is introduced by penetrating the lower metal layer and the dielectric substrate at the proper location of an angular bisector of the two strips of vertical rectangular radiating slots in the cavity region. Compared with the cavity-backed circularly polarized antenna formed by the existing metal cavity, the cavity adopted by the invention is manufactured by the common PCB technology, thus downsizing the antenna outline and reducing the manufacturing cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to microwave technical field, relate to a kind of one point coaxial feed low profile back-cavity circularly polarized antenna that constitutes based on substrate integrated waveguide technology, can be used as the antenna of radio frequency receiving and transmitting front end, be widely used in wireless communication systems such as mobile communication, satellite communication, radar, be used to solve the polarization mismatch problem that Faraday electromagnetism rotation effect etc. causes, can also play the effect that misty rain disturbs and anti-multipath reflects that suppresses simultaneously.
Background technology
As the critical component of communication system, antenna is widely used in the radio communication occasion.Because the Faraday rotation effect of radio wave propagation in the space, and the uncertainty of the reception antenna position in the mobile communication, if adopt traditional single-polarized antenna, need the dual-mode antenna Polarization match to aim at and to realize reception preferably as Transmit-Receive Unit.And the constant amplitude rotating field that circular polarized antenna radiates can be decomposed into two quadrature linear polarization ripples that the amplitude equal phase differs 90 degree, is widely used in the problem that solves polarization mismatch in the radio communication.Simultaneously because the rotation direction of circularly polarised wave when inciding symmetrical target reverses characteristic, circular polarized antenna is applied to mobile communication, satellite communication field and also plays and suppress that misty rain disturbs and the effect of anti-multipath reflection.Therefore design high performance circular polarized antenna and not only can avoid polarization mismatch and obtain good reception, can greatly alleviate the index pressure of follow-up radio circuit simultaneously, significantly improve the performance of system, the cost of reduction system.Have the wireless communications application occasion of strict restriction especially in satellite communication, radio-frequency (RF) identification equal-volume weight, the high-performance circular polarized antenna that design has low profile is even more important.
The implementation of circular polarized antenna is varied, comprises several forms such as micro-strip paster antenna, microstrip gap slot antenna, Waveguide slot slot antenna, back-cavity circularly polarized antenna and helical antenna.The circular polarized antenna of little band forms has the easily conformal advantage of low profile, is most widely used.Its feeding classification mainly contains slit coupling feed and coaxial waveguide feed dual mode, and wherein coupling feed in slit mainly adopts multi-layer PCB technology to realize, the high and technology of price is not very stable for domestic technology.Though and the coaxial feed mode is simple, it can not be seamless integrated with planar circuit, causes volume bigger.Waveguide slot fluting circular polarized antenna is applicable to the array antenna application, and single radiating element volume is little, forms the array volume compact, it is narrow that array antenna has main lobe width, directional diagram can figuration, the low good characteristic that waits of cross polarization level, and it is medium to be widely used in the microwave and millimeter wave radar communications system.But the antenna volume that is based on the conventional metals guide technology is big, and the processing technology complexity is with high costs, has limited being extensive use of of it; Back-cavity circularly polarized antenna generally is to be made of the additional metallic cavity in the feed of realizing on the planar substrates, radiating element and the back side, the gain height of this antenna, and directionality is good, but same processed complex cost height, volume is big.Propose on substrate, to press the mode of engaged column bars to constitute cavity body structure in order to address these problems people such as Sievenpiper, coaxially in place it is carried out feed and form back-cavity circularly polarized antenna thereby adopt simultaneously.This implementation and former back-cavity circularly polarized antenna specific volume mutually reduce greatly, but its course of processing more complicated still.The present invention is on the working foundation of Sievenpiper, presses the mode of engaged column bar to realize the simpler single-point coaxial feed of the lower making of cost back-cavity circularly polarized antenna by adopting substrate integrated waveguide technology to replace.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of one point coaxial feed low profile back-cavity circularly polarized antenna that constitutes based on substrate integrated waveguide technology, this novel circular polarized antenna radiance is good, and gain is high, and volume is little, and is simple in structure, is easy to design, is easy to processing, and cost is low.This circular polarized antenna and existing back-cavity circularly polarized antenna specific volume mutually reduce greatly, and manufacturing cost significantly reduces.
One point coaxial feed low profile back-cavity circularly polarized antenna of the present invention comprises dielectric substrate, and the two sides of dielectric substrate is coated with metal level, is respectively to go up metal level and lower metal layer, and wherein lower metal layer is as the stratum.Run through metal level, dielectric substrate and lower metal layer and have through hole, through-hole wall is coated with metal, forms plated-through hole; A plurality of plated-through hole sequence arrangement are circular, form circular substrate integrated wave-guide cavity wave, and the pitch of holes of the plated-through hole of formation substrate integrated wave-guide cavity wave is identical.The etching in the zone of substrate integrated wave-guide cavity wave of last metal level has the radiating slot of two strips that intersect vertically, and two radiating slot width are identical, all with the crosspoint as central point, and the crosspoint overlaps with the center of circle of substrate integrated wave-guide cavity wave; Lower metal layer is provided with coaxial line in the zone of substrate integrated wave-guide cavity wave, be coaxially set in the position of the angular bisector of corresponding two orthogonal radiating slots, the probe of coaxial line runs through lower metal layer and dielectric substrate, and link to each other with last metal level, the outer metal housing of coaxial line links to each other with lower metal layer.Wherein coaxial line adopts 50 ohm of standard components.
The diameter of described plated-through hole less than the centre frequency of antenna work corresponding air wavelength 1/10th, the ratio of the hole heart distance of the diameter of plated-through hole and adjacent two plated-through holes is greater than 0.5.
One point coaxial feed low profile back-cavity circularly polarized antenna of the present invention is to be equivalent to the cavity body structure of traditional closed wire chamber by the manufacturing of employing substrate integrated waveguide technology on common dielectric substrate, thereby has reduced the volume of back-cavity circularly polarized antenna greatly.With traditional cavity-backed radiator antenna need accurate machining different be that this new antenna can adopt common PCB technology to make, the profile of antenna and cost of manufacture all significantly reduce.Structurally, substrate is the dielectric substrate with double-sided metallic, to be interval with a series of metal through holes uniformly, forms the circular substrate integrated wave-guide cavity wave that is equivalent to the conventional metals cavity on dielectric substrate.Connect the feed coaxial line in the corresponding substrate integrated wave-guide cavity wave of the lower metal layer zone of double-sided metallic, coaxial probe runs through lower metal layer and is connected metal level with dielectric substrate to the cavity feed.The strip slit that two width equal length of metal level etching different vertical intersects on double-sided metallic is used for the electromagnetic radiation energy.
Concrete operation principle: coaxial line is incorporated into electromagnetic wave in the circular substrate integrated wave-guide cavity wave that is made of substrate integrated waveguide technology, thereby has encouraged the resonance of a plurality of patterns in the cavity.Because cavity is the two-dimensional symmetric structure, so its second order resonance is two mutually orthogonal degeneracy modes of resonance.Can separate two mutually orthogonal degeneracy modes of resonance by the length of regulating two mutual vertical clearance gap this moment, thereby and by the slit antenna of formation is gone out in energy emission.Regulate the position of distributing point, the size of cavity and the length difference in two slits and can will be adjusted into 90 degree, thereby make the electromagnetic wave that radiate form circular polarization by the electromagnetic phase difference that mutually orthogonal mode of resonance radiate in the frequency of needs.
Beneficial effect: the one point coaxial feed low profile back-cavity circularly polarized antenna that constitutes based on substrate integrated waveguide technology has the following advantages:
A. this novel back-cavity circularly polarized antenna has kept the good radiation characteristic of traditional metal backing cavity circularly polarized antenna high-gain etc., and cavity body structure is realized on dielectric substrate by substrate integrated waveguide technology, makes antenna volume reduce greatly.
B. this novel back-cavity circularly polarized antenna is simple in structure, only needs to regulate coaxial feed point position in design process, radiating slot length, and the radius of the circular substrate integrated wave-guide cavity wave that is made of metal throuth hole just can obtain needed performance.Structural parameters are few, the time that has shortened design greatly and optimized.
C. this novel back-cavity circularly polarized antenna is made simple and convenient, just can realize with common PCB technology.Compare with the precision machined cavity-backed radiator antenna of traditional needs, manufacturing speed is fast, and is with low cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the metal-layer structure schematic diagram of going up of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a lower metal layer structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the return loss emulation of one embodiment of the invention and the comparison diagram of test result;
Fig. 6 is the emulation testing result's of the axial ratio of the embodiment of the invention and gain a comparison diagram;
Fig. 7 is embodiment of the invention X-Y plane antenna pattern test result figure when 10GHz;
Fig. 8 is embodiment of the invention X-Z planar radiation directional diagram test result figure when 10GHz;
Embodiment
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, one point coaxial feed low profile back-cavity circularly polarized antenna comprises that thickness is 0.5 millimeter Rogers5880 dielectric substrate 5, and the two sides of dielectric substrate 5 is coated with metal level, is respectively to go up metal level 4 and lower metal layer 6, and wherein lower metal layer 6 is as the stratum.Running through metal level 4, dielectric substrate 5 and lower metal layer 6, to have diameter be 1 millimeter, and through-hole wall is coated with metal, forms plated-through hole 2; A plurality of plated-through hole 2 sequence arrangement are circular, form circular substrate integrated wave-guide cavity wave, and the pitch of holes of the plated-through hole 2 of formation substrate integrated wave-guide cavity wave is identical, is 1.35 millimeters.As Fig. 3, the etching in the zone of substrate integrated wave-guide cavity wave of last metal level 4 has width to be all two radiating slots that intersect vertically that 1 mm length is respectively 11.5 millimeters and 10.9 millimeters, the crosspoint overlaps with the center of circle of substrate integrated wave-guide cavity wave, and all with the crosspoint as central point; As Fig. 4, the probe of feed coaxial line runs through metal level, dielectric substrate and lower metal layer, and its position is on the angular bisector of two orthogonal radiating slots, apart from 6.36 millimeters in the center of circle of cavity.The concrete structure geometric parameter is as follows:
r
cBe the radius of circular substrate integrated wave-guide cavity wave, L
S1, L
S2And W
sBe respectively two the not length and the width of isometric radiating slot, d
cBe the distance between coaxial feed point and the cavity center, d is a through-hole diameter, d
pBe the hole heart distance of through hole, h is a substrate thickness.
| r c(mm)L s1(mm)d c(mm)d(mm) | 9.4 11.5 6.36 0.5 | W s(mm)L s2(mm)h(mm)d p(mm) | 1.0 10.9 0.5 1.35 |
The concrete manufacture process of this one point coaxial feed low profile back-cavity circularly polarized antenna is: the substrate of at first choosing corresponding parameter, two of metal level etchings are used for the orthogonal slit of emittance on substrate, are that the center of circle centers on radiating slot and establishes a series of metal through holes with uniform interval form the circular substrate integrated wave-guide cavity wave that is equivalent to the conventional metals cavity on whole substrate with the center of radiating slot.Select suitable aperture and pitch of holes, avoid the cavity self-energy outwards to reveal.This novel back-cavity circularly polarized antenna has kept the radiation characteristic of conventional metals back-cavity circularly polarized antenna high-gain.Select the size of suitable feed position, radiating slot and the radius of circular substrate integrated wave-guide cavity wave, can regulate the operating frequency of this antenna easily.Entire antenna is realized by common PCB technology that fully cavity body structure is realized by the plated-through hole array, makes simple, with low cost.
Fig. 5 is the test result of this circular polarized antenna performance to Fig. 8.Fig. 5 emulation testing result shows this antenna emittance effectively in centre frequency is the working band of 10GHz.Fig. 6 emulation testing result all shows this antenna 3dB axial ratio bandwidth 80MHz in working band, and gain is up to 5.8dBi.The directional diagram test result surface of Fig. 7～8 this antenna when operating frequency 10GHz all presents good right-handed circular polarization radiation characteristic in X-Y plane still is the X-Z plane, gain is high, and directionality is good, and cross polarization level and back lobe level are low.
Claims (2)
1. one point coaxial feed low profile back-cavity circularly polarized antenna comprises dielectric substrate, it is characterized in that: the two sides of dielectric substrate is coated with metal level, is respectively to go up metal level and lower metal layer, and wherein lower metal layer is as the stratum; Run through metal level, dielectric substrate and lower metal layer and have through hole, through-hole wall is coated with metal, forms plated-through hole; A plurality of plated-through hole sequence arrangement are circular, form circular substrate integrated wave-guide cavity wave, and the pitch of holes of the plated-through hole of formation substrate integrated wave-guide cavity wave is identical; The etching in the zone of substrate integrated wave-guide cavity wave of last metal level has the radiating slot of two strips that intersect vertically, and two radiating slot width are identical, all with the crosspoint as central point, and the crosspoint overlaps with the center of circle of substrate integrated wave-guide cavity wave; Lower metal layer is provided with coaxial line in the zone of substrate integrated wave-guide cavity wave, be coaxially set in the position of the angular bisector of corresponding two orthogonal radiating slots, the probe of coaxial line runs through lower metal layer and dielectric substrate, and link to each other with last metal level, the outer metal housing of coaxial line links to each other with lower metal layer, and described circular substrate integrated wave-guide cavity wave works in the second order mode of resonance.
2. one point coaxial feed low profile back-cavity circularly polarized antenna as claimed in claim 1, the diameter that it is characterized in that described plated-through hole less than the centre frequency of antenna work corresponding air wavelength 1/10th, the ratio of the hole heart distance of the diameter of plated-through hole and adjacent two plated-through holes is greater than 0.5.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2007101568233A CN101179149B (en) | 2007-11-12 | 2007-11-12 | One point coaxial feed low profile back-cavity circularly polarized antenna |
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| CN2007101568233A CN101179149B (en) | 2007-11-12 | 2007-11-12 | One point coaxial feed low profile back-cavity circularly polarized antenna |
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| CN101179149A CN101179149A (en) | 2008-05-14 |
| CN101179149B true CN101179149B (en) | 2011-10-05 |
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| CN107017469A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-08-04 | 电子科技大学 | End-fire aerial array is scanned in a kind of low section omnidirectional |
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| CN107026321A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-08-08 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of broad beam plane circular polarized antenna |
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| CN113178687B (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2022-10-25 | 西安交通大学 | Circularly polarized waveguide slot antenna |
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| CN2739817Y (en) * | 2004-08-16 | 2005-11-09 | 北京怡嘉兴业信息工程有限公司 | Low frequency range high-performance small-sized circular polarized microstrip antenna |
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Patent Citations (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2739817Y (en) * | 2004-08-16 | 2005-11-09 | 北京怡嘉兴业信息工程有限公司 | Low frequency range high-performance small-sized circular polarized microstrip antenna |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| Dan Sievenpiper.Low-Profile Cavity-Backed Crossed-slot Antenna With a Single-Probe Feed Designed for 2.34-GHz Satellite Radio Applications.《IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION》.2004,第52卷(第3期),873-879. * |
| Guo Qing Luo et al.Theory and Experiment of Novel Frequency Selective Surface Based on Substrate Integrated Waveguide Technology.《IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION》.2005,第53卷(第12期),4035-4043. * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107017469A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-08-04 | 电子科技大学 | End-fire aerial array is scanned in a kind of low section omnidirectional |
| CN107017469B (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2020-05-22 | 电子科技大学 | Low-profile omnidirectional scanning end-fire antenna array |
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| CN101179149A (en) | 2008-05-14 |
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Effective date of registration: 20170103 Address after: 316000 Zhejiang city of Zhoushan province Zhoushan Marine Science City A district (Sea Road No. 11) - B5 station Patentee after: Zhoushan joy Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: Hangzhou City, Zhejiang province 310018 Jianggan District Xiasha Higher Education Park No. 2 street Patentee before: Hangzhou Electronic Science & Technology Univ. |
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