CN214223106U - Horizontal plasma melting furnace - Google Patents
Horizontal plasma melting furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN214223106U CN214223106U CN202022998179.8U CN202022998179U CN214223106U CN 214223106 U CN214223106 U CN 214223106U CN 202022998179 U CN202022998179 U CN 202022998179U CN 214223106 U CN214223106 U CN 214223106U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a horizontal plasma melting furnace, the whole furnace body is arranged horizontally, a feed inlet and a smoke outlet are respectively arranged on two sides of the side wall of the furnace body, and a slag discharge port is arranged at the bottom; the interior of a hearth of the melting furnace is divided into a drying and dry distillation area, an oxidation-reduction area, a combustion area and a slag area, the drying and dry distillation area is positioned on the side of a feed inlet, the oxidation-reduction area is adjacent to the drying and dry distillation area and is positioned in the area where a plasma torch opening is positioned, the slag area is adjacent to the drying and dry distillation area and is positioned at the lower end of the oxidation-reduction area, the bottom of the slag area is provided with a slag discharge opening, and the combustion area is positioned on the side of a flue gas outlet and is longitudinally adjacent to the drying and dry distillation area, the oxidation-reduction area and the slag area; and a plasma torch mounting hole is formed in the wall surface of the furnace body where the redox zone is located. The utility model discloses a horizontal design, it is integrative with gasification melting and afterburning integration, realized whole miniaturization, convenient transportation can be used to small-size sled dress portable processing integrated equipment, invests moreover and economizes.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a melting furnace technical field, especially a horizontal plasma melting furnace for handling solid waste.
Background
The plasma melting disposal technology has the advantages of good solid hazardous waste reduction effect (large slag density), low secondary discharge (thorough decomposition of dioxin precursors), high thermal efficiency, no need of secondary landfill of treated residues and the like, is internationally recognized as the most advanced and thorough harmless disposal technology for various wastes at present, is widely used in developed countries in the west, uses plasma high-temperature gasification devices as key and protective equipment for disposing public health emergency crisis events in modern big cities in some cities, is in the technical demonstration stage at home, and is not applied in a large scale. Although the operation cost is high, the technology is more and more favored by the industry because of excellent environmental protection property, and is more and more used for disposing hazardous wastes with low calorific value and high toxicity.
The waste is various in types, complex in characteristics and huge in harm, and the supervision of waste treatment by national teams is increasingly strict. The state advocates enterprises now to deal with self-produced hazardous wastes, the output of most of the enterprises producing the wastes is not large (0.1-1 t/d), the conventional rotary kiln incineration centralized disposal process is not suitable for the self-built hazardous waste disposal devices of the enterprises, the existing plasma furnaces are vertical furnaces and are provided with secondary combustion furnaces, the investment is large, the plasma furnaces are difficult to move after fixed-point installation, and the flexible source disposal modes such as equipment leasing are not facilitated to develop.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a horizontal plasma melting furnace to overcome current vertical furnace investment is big, shortcoming such as transportation difficulty. The utility model discloses a novel horizontal furnace can be with gasification melting and the integrated an organic whole of postcombustion, and the investment is economized, and the transportation is convenient, can be used to small-size sled dress portable processing integrated equipment.
The technical scheme of the utility model as follows:
a horizontal plasma melting furnace is characterized in that: the whole furnace body is horizontally arranged, a feed inlet and a flue gas outlet are respectively arranged on two sides of the side wall of the furnace body, and a slag discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body; the interior of a hearth of the melting furnace is divided into a drying and dry distillation area, a redox area, a combustion area and a slag area, the drying and dry distillation area is positioned on the side of a feed inlet, the redox area is adjacent to the drying and dry distillation area and is positioned in the area where a plasma torch opening is positioned, the slag area is adjacent to the drying and dry distillation area and is positioned at the lower end of the redox area, the bottom of the slag area is provided with a slag discharge opening, and the combustion area is positioned on the side of a flue gas outlet and is longitudinally adjacent to the drying and dry distillation area, the redox area and the slag area; and a plasma torch mounting hole is formed in the wall surface of the furnace body where the redox zone is located.
Furthermore, at least two plasma torch mounting holes are formed in the wall surface of the furnace body where the redox zone is located, the plasma torch mounting holes can be symmetrically arranged on the same horizontal position, namely a plurality of plasma torch mounting holes can be formed in the side wall of the furnace body, and plasma torches are mounted as required.
Furthermore, a first combustion-supporting tuyere is also arranged on the wall surface of the furnace body where the redox zone is located, the first combustion-supporting tuyere is close to an adjacent line of the redox zone and the drying and dry distillation zone, and the heights of the first combustion-supporting tuyere and a mounting hole for mounting the plasma torch are consistent; and air is introduced into the combustion-supporting air port I.
Furthermore, a combustion-supporting tuyere II is also arranged on the wall surface of the furnace body where the slag zone is located, and the combustion-supporting tuyere II is lower than the plasma torch mounting hole; and air is introduced into the combustion-supporting air inlet through a second air inlet.
Furthermore, an after-combustion air port is arranged on the wall surface of the furnace body where the combustion zone is located, and the after-combustion air port is close to the adjacent lines of the combustion zone, the drying and dry distillation zone, the oxidation-reduction zone and the slag zone; and air is sprayed into the over-fire air inlet.
Further, the whole wall of furnace body includes the refractory material of outer steel casing and inlayer, and whole wall includes top surface, lateral wall and bottom surface, and the top surface is the horizontal wall, and the lateral wall is vertical wall, and the bottom surface includes the horizontal segment wall that leaks hopper-shaped wall and be close to the flue gas outlet side that is close to the feed inlet side, and the cinder notch is located the bottom that leaks hopper-shaped wall.
Furthermore, the lower end of the slag discharge port is provided with a spiral electric heating plate arranged along the wall of the conical cavity.
According to the moving direction of the raw materials entering the hearth, the raw materials enter the hearth from the feeding hole and then enter the drying and dry distillation area, the raw materials enter the redox area after being dried and dry distilled in the drying and dry distillation area, the raw materials undergo redox reaction in the redox area, and the raw materials enter the combustion area for full combustion after the redox reaction; inorganic matters in the raw materials are melted into liquid and flow out from a slag discharge port, the organic matters in the raw materials are subjected to dry distillation, pyrolysis and oxidation to form high-temperature flue gas containing carbon dioxide and water vapor, and the high-temperature flue gas is discharged from a flue gas outlet. Aiming at the melting furnace, the reaction temperature of the oxidation-reduction area is 900-1100 ℃, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas passing through the flue gas outlet is greater than 950 ℃, and the temperature of the slag discharge port is greater than 1000 ℃.
The technical effects of the utility model are as follows:
(1) the melting furnace is horizontally arranged, so that the integral miniaturization is realized, and the movement is convenient;
(2) the waste is directly gasified and combusted in the furnace, and compared with the traditional plasma gasification vertical furnace, the vertical type plasma gasification furnace has the advantages of simple structure, more reasonable reaction and more investment cost saving;
(3) through horizontal arrangement, the melting furnace operates in a micro negative pressure mode, part of air enters from the slag discharge port and reacts with carbon particles in the slag pool, and the carbon content in slag can be obviously reduced;
(4) the electric heating disc arranged at the lower part of the slag discharging port can effectively prevent the slag discharging port from being blocked and realize stable and continuous slag discharging;
(5) and a combustion-supporting air port II is arranged at the lower part of the plasma torch, and oxygen enrichment or pure oxygen can be adopted according to actual site conditions, so that the power consumption of the plasma torch is reduced, and the carbon burnout rate is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the partition in the furnace of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-a steel shell, 2-refractory materials, 3-an electric heating plate, 4-an after-combustion tuyere, 5-a plasma torch mounting hole, 6-a combustion-supporting tuyere II, 7-a combustion-supporting tuyere I, 8-a feed inlet, 9-a flue gas outlet and 10-a slag discharge port.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, the whole furnace body of the horizontal plasma melting furnace is arranged horizontally, a feed inlet 8 and a flue gas outlet 9 are respectively arranged on two sides of the side wall of the furnace body, and a slag discharge port 10 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body.
As shown in FIG. 2, the interior of the hearth of the melting furnace is divided into a dry distillation zone, a redox zone, a slag zone and a combustion zone, and the dry distillation zone, the redox zone, the combustion zone and the slag zone are not clearly divided into layers in the melting furnace. The dry distillation area is positioned on the side of the feed port 8, the redox area is adjacent to the dry distillation area and is positioned in the area where the plasma torch mouth is positioned, the slag area is adjacent to the dry distillation area and is positioned at the lower end of the redox area, the bottom of the slag area is provided with a slag discharge port 10, and the combustion area is positioned on the side of the flue gas outlet 9 and is longitudinally adjacent to the dry distillation area, the redox area and the slag area; at least two plasma torch mounting holes 5 are arranged on the wall surface of the furnace body where the redox zone is located, and all the plasma torch mounting holes 5 are arranged on the same horizontal position.
The plasma torch mounting holes 5 can be symmetrically arranged, namely a plurality of plasma torch mounting holes 5 can be arranged on the side wall of the furnace body, and plasma torches are mounted as required. In this embodiment, two plasma torches are selected to be symmetrically installed.
Example 2
On the basis of the embodiment 1, a combustion-supporting tuyere I7 is also arranged on the wall surface of the furnace body where the oxidation-reduction zone is positioned. The combustion-supporting tuyere I7 is close to the adjacent line of the oxidation-reduction area and the drying and carbonization area, and the heights of the combustion-supporting tuyere I7 and the installation hole 5 for installing the plasma torch are consistent.
Example 3
On the basis of the embodiment 1 or 2, a combustion-supporting tuyere II 6 can be arranged on the wall surface of the furnace body where the slag zone is positioned. And the height of the combustion-supporting tuyere II 6 is lower than that of the plasma torch mounting hole 5.
Example 4
On the basis of any structure of the embodiments 1-3, an after-combustion tuyere 4 can be arranged on the wall surface of the furnace body where the combustion zone is positioned, and the after-combustion tuyere 4 is close to the adjacent lines of the combustion zone, the dry distillation zone, the oxidation-reduction zone and the slag zone.
Example 5
On the basis of any structure of the embodiments 1 to 4, as shown in fig. 1 to 2, the whole wall surface of the furnace body comprises an outer steel shell 1 and an inner layer of refractory material 2, the whole wall surface comprises a top surface, a side wall and a bottom surface, the top surface is a horizontal wall surface, the side wall is a vertical wall surface, the bottom surface comprises a funnel-shaped wall surface close to the feed port 8 side and a horizontal section wall surface close to the flue gas outlet 9 side, and the slag discharge port 10 is positioned at the bottom of the funnel-shaped wall surface.
Furthermore, the slag discharging port 10, a conical cavity at the lower end of the slag discharging port 10 and a cylindrical cavity of the conical cavity are formed by building through refractory materials. In the conical cavity, a helical electric heating plate 3 is arranged along the cavity wall.
Example 6
On the basis of any structure of the embodiments 1 to 5, a boosting device can be arranged at the position of the feeding hole 8 according to requirements to provide the thrust for the raw materials fed into the melting furnace.
According to the moving direction of the raw materials entering the hearth, the raw materials enter the hearth from the feeding hole 8 and then enter the drying and dry distillation area, the raw materials enter the redox area after being dried and dry distilled in the drying and dry distillation area, the raw materials undergo redox reaction in the redox area, and the raw materials enter the combustion area for full combustion after the redox reaction; inorganic matters in the raw materials are melted into liquid and flow out from a slag discharge port 10, the organic matters in the raw materials are subjected to dry distillation, pyrolysis and oxidation to form high-temperature flue gas containing carbon dioxide and water vapor, and the high-temperature flue gas is discharged from a flue gas outlet 9.
The specific steps of the reaction in each zone are as follows:
(1) dry distillation zone
The crushed raw materials enter a drying and dry distillation area in the melting furnace from a feeding hole 8, high-temperature gas is generated in the area, the high-temperature gas is contacted with solid waste at the middle lower part of the area, the solid waste is heated to remove moisture, the moisture is further heated and decomposed, and volatile matters in the solid waste, such as tar, medium oil, phenol, ammonia, fatty acid and other macromolecular organic matters, are further released. The reaction temperature of the redox zone is 900-1100 ℃.
(2) Redox zone
The material obtained after drying and dry distillation moves to the vicinity of the plasma torch, and is subjected to oxidation-reduction reaction with air (rich oxygen or oxygen) entering from the combustion-supporting tuyere I7 to generate flue gas containing part of combustible gas.
(3) Combustion zone
The gas generated from the dry distillation zone and the redox zone contains unburned carbon particles and CO and H2After the combustible gas and the air sprayed in through the over-fire air nozzle continue to carry out oxidation reaction, high-temperature flue gas is generated after complete combustion and then is discharged from the flue gas outlet 9, and the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas passing through the flue gas outlet 9>950℃。
(4) Slag zone
Liquid ash slag generated from the combustion zone enters the slag zone by virtue of gravity and the funnel-shaped wall surface to form a slag pool, air is introduced through the combustion-supporting air port II 6, high-temperature flame is generated through the plasma torch at the upper end (the core temperature is higher than 5000 ℃), the temperature of the slag pool can be maintained to be higher than the flowing temperature, the slag can be conveniently discharged from an inspection port, and the temperature of the slag port 10 is higher than 1000 ℃. In order to prevent the slag from being cooled and solidified at the slag discharging port 10 by cold air after flowing out and causing the blockage of the slag discharging port 10, the high temperature of the slag discharging outlet region can be maintained through the electric heating plate 3 at the lower end of the slag discharging port 10.
Claims (7)
1. A horizontal plasma melting furnace is characterized in that: the whole furnace body is horizontally arranged, a feed inlet (8) and a flue gas outlet (9) are respectively arranged on two sides of the side wall of the furnace body, and a slag discharge port (10) is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body; the hearth of the melting furnace is divided into a drying and dry distillation area, a redox area, a combustion area and a slag area, the drying and dry distillation area is positioned on the side of the feed inlet (8), the redox area is adjacent to the drying and dry distillation area and is positioned in the area where the plasma torch mouth is positioned, the slag area is adjacent to the drying and dry distillation area and is positioned at the lower end of the redox area, the bottom of the slag area is provided with a slag discharge port (10), and the combustion area is positioned on the side of a flue gas outlet (9) and is longitudinally adjacent to the drying and dry distillation area, the redox area and the slag area; and a plasma torch mounting hole (5) is formed on the wall surface of the furnace body where the redox zone is located.
2. The horizontal plasma melting furnace of claim 1, wherein: at least two plasma torch mounting holes (5) are formed in the wall surface of the furnace body where the redox zone is located, and the plasma torch mounting holes (5) can be symmetrically arranged on the same horizontal position.
3. The horizontal plasma melting furnace of claim 1 or 2, wherein: a first combustion-supporting tuyere (7) is also arranged on the wall surface of the furnace body where the redox zone is located, the first combustion-supporting tuyere (7) is close to the adjacent line of the redox zone and the drying and dry distillation zone, and the heights of the first combustion-supporting tuyere (7) and the mounting hole (5) for mounting the plasma torch are consistent; and air is introduced into the combustion-supporting air port I (7).
4. The horizontal plasma melting furnace of claim 1 or 2, wherein: a combustion-supporting tuyere II (6) is also arranged on the wall surface of the furnace body where the slag zone is located, and the combustion-supporting tuyere II (6) is lower than the plasma torch mounting hole (5); and air is introduced into the combustion-supporting air port II (6).
5. The horizontal plasma melting furnace of claim 1, wherein: an after-combustion air port (4) is arranged on the wall surface of the furnace body where the combustion zone is located, and the after-combustion air port (4) is close to the adjacent lines of the combustion zone, the drying and dry distillation zone, the oxidation-reduction zone and the slag zone; and the air is sprayed into the over-fire air inlet (4).
6. The horizontal plasma melting furnace of claim 1, wherein: the whole wall of furnace body includes outer steel casing (1) and the refractory material (2) of inlayer, and whole wall includes top surface, lateral wall and bottom surface, and the top surface is the horizontal wall, and the lateral wall is vertical wall, and the bottom surface includes the horizontal segment wall that leaks hopper-shaped wall and be close to exhanst gas outlet (9) side that is close to feed inlet (8) side, arranges cinder notch (10) and is located the bottom that leaks hopper-shaped wall.
7. The horizontal plasma melting furnace of claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the slag discharging port (10) is provided with a spiral electric heating plate (3) which is arranged along the wall of the conical cavity.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202022998179.8U CN214223106U (en) | 2020-12-15 | 2020-12-15 | Horizontal plasma melting furnace |
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| CN202022998179.8U CN214223106U (en) | 2020-12-15 | 2020-12-15 | Horizontal plasma melting furnace |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112555849A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-03-26 | 东方电气洁能科技成都有限公司 | Horizontal plasma melting furnace |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112555849A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-03-26 | 东方电气洁能科技成都有限公司 | Horizontal plasma melting furnace |
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