CN214125250U - Amplitude limiting STC attenuator and radio frequency transceiving system - Google Patents
Amplitude limiting STC attenuator and radio frequency transceiving system Download PDFInfo
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- CN214125250U CN214125250U CN202120230567.3U CN202120230567U CN214125250U CN 214125250 U CN214125250 U CN 214125250U CN 202120230567 U CN202120230567 U CN 202120230567U CN 214125250 U CN214125250 U CN 214125250U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a radio frequency receiving and dispatching field, in particular to amplitude limiting STC attenuator and radio frequency receiving and dispatching system, the utility model discloses amplitude limiting STC attenuator is put including fortune, the inductance, first diode, the second diode, the third diode, the fourth diode, first electric capacity, the second electric capacity, the third electric capacity, first resistance, the second resistance, the third resistance, the fourth resistance, the fifth resistance, sixth resistance and seventh resistance, through STC signal control diode D1, D2, D3 and D4's state, and then realize the processing to radio frequency signal, under the condition that does not influence radio frequency receiving and dispatching system sensitivity, solved the problem that the radar detects the near field blind area big, the utility model is suitable for a radar detection.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a radio frequency receiving and dispatching field, in particular to amplitude limiting STC attenuator and radio frequency receiving and dispatching system.
Background
In a radio frequency transceiving system, the anti-burnout capability, the receiving sensitivity and the receiving dynamic range of a receiver are three key indexes. The anti-burnout capability is a protection function for preventing a high-power signal from entering a receiver to burnout an internal circuit of the receiver due to open circuit, short circuit or standing wave difference of a receiving and transmitting antenna in a transmitting period of a system; the receiving sensitivity is the amplitude value of the minimum signal which can be received by the receiver, and is reduced along with the increase of the noise coefficient of the receiver under the condition of certain instantaneous bandwidth; the receive dynamic range is the difference between the amplitude values of the largest and smallest signals that the receiver can receive.
As shown in FIG. 1, this is a functional block diagram of a conventional T/R component. Only looking at the receiver part, the front end of the receiver is provided with an amplitude limiter, the inside of the amplitude limiter is provided with a coupling detection function, when the detection power exceeds a set threshold, a PIN amplitude limiting diode inside the amplitude limiter is conducted, signals are reflected to a four-port circulator and absorbed by a high-power load. The amplitude limiter is followed by a low noise amplifier, the noise coefficient of the amplifier is very low, usually less than 2dB, and the sensitivity of the receiver can be ensured; the low noise amplifier is followed by an adjustable attenuator which is controlled by an external signal STC which is a voltage signal with a period T, each period including a receiving time T1 and a transmitting time T2, as shown in fig. 2, and the STC voltage is 0 at the transmitting period, which indicates that the receiver does not have any attenuation; in the reception period, the STC voltage gradually decreases with time, indicating that the attenuation amount gradually decreases from high to low to 0, because the near-field signal returns first and the far-field signal returns later, the near-field signal has high power, and the attenuation amount is large and the far-field signal has low power to prevent the amplifier from being saturated, and therefore no attenuation is required to improve the system sensitivity. When the input radio frequency signal is large, the control signal increases the attenuation of the attenuator, thereby improving the receiving capability of the receiver to large signals and increasing the receiving dynamic range.
The conventional model has the disadvantage that the near-field blind area is too large because the input 1dB compression point of the low noise amplifier is usually very low, and the near-field signal is usually higher than the input 1dB compression point of the low noise amplifier, which can saturate the low noise amplifier, so that the near-field signal cannot be demodulated, and a near-field blind area appears on a radar image. The adjustable attenuator behind the low noise amplifier has a dynamic compression function, but if the adjustable attenuator is placed in front of the low noise amplifier, the insertion loss of the attenuator is large (generally greater than 2dB), so that the sensitivity of a receiver is reduced, and the radar detection distance is shortened.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model solves the technical problem that: the amplitude limiting STC attenuator and the radio frequency transceiving system solve the problem that a radar detection near field blind area is large under the condition that the sensitivity of the system is not influenced.
The utility model provides a technical scheme that above-mentioned technical problem adopted: the amplitude limiting STC attenuator comprises an operational amplifier, an inductor, a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a fourth diode, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor and a seventh resistor, wherein one end of the first capacitor is used as an input end of a radio-frequency signal and is grounded, the other end of the first capacitor is connected with the anode of the first diode, the anode of the second diode, one end of the inductor, the anode of the third diode, the anode of the fourth diode and one end of the second capacitor, one end of the second capacitor is used as an output end of the radio-frequency signal and is grounded, the cathode of the first diode is connected with one end of the first resistor, the other end of the first resistor is grounded, the cathode of the second diode is connected with one end of the second resistor, the other end of the second resistor is grounded, and the cathode of the third diode is grounded, the negative pole of the fourth diode is grounded, the other end of the inductor is connected with one end of the third capacitor, one end of the fifth resistor is connected, the other end of the third capacitor is grounded, the other end of the fifth resistor is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier and one end of the sixth resistor, the other end of the sixth resistor is connected with one end of the seventh resistor and the reverse-phase input end of the operational amplifier, the other end of the seventh resistor is grounded, the positive-phase input end of the operational amplifier is used as an STC signal access end and connected with one end of the fourth resistor, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with one end of the third resistor, negative voltage of a power supply and the negative power supply end of the operational amplifier, the other end of the third resistor is grounded, and the positive power supply end of the operational amplifier is connected with positive voltage of the power supply.
Furthermore, the amplitude limiting STC attenuator further comprises a fourth capacitor and a fifth capacitor, wherein one end of the fourth capacitor is connected with the positive power supply end of the operational amplifier, the other end of the fourth capacitor is grounded, one end of the fifth capacitor is connected with the negative power supply end of the operational amplifier, and the other end of the fifth capacitor is grounded.
Furthermore, the radio frequency transceiving system comprises a transmitter, a four-port circulator, a transceiving antenna, a high-power load, a limiting STC attenuator, a low-noise amplifier and a subsequent circuit; the transmitter is connected with a first port of the four-port circulator, the receiving and transmitting antenna is connected with a second port of the four-port circulator, the high-power load is connected with a third port of the four-port circulator, a fourth port of the four-port circulator is connected with a radio frequency signal input end of the amplitude-limiting STC attenuator, a radio frequency output end of the amplitude-limiting STC attenuator is connected with an input end of the low-noise amplifier, and an output end of the low-noise amplifier is connected with a subsequent circuit.
The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model provides an amplitude limiting STC attenuator, through STC signal control diode D1, D2, D3 and D4's state, and then realize the processing to the radio frequency signal, solved the problem that radar detection near field blind area is big, satisfy the anti burnout ability of system and do not influence under the condition of receiving sensitivity, increased the receipt dynamic range.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency transceiving system in the prior art in the background of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a waveform diagram of STC signal in the prior art radio frequency transceiving system in the background art of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of the amplitude-limiting STC attenuator of the present invention.
Figure 4 is the STC waveform of the present invention clipping STC attenuator.
Fig. 5 is the equivalent circuit of the amplitude-limiting STC attenuator of the present invention when the STC voltage is negative.
Fig. 6 is an equivalent circuit of the present invention when the STC voltage is lower than the turn-on voltage of the diodes D1 and D2.
Fig. 7 is an equivalent circuit of the present invention when the STC voltage is higher than the turn-on voltage of the diodes D1 and D2.
Fig. 8 is the equivalent circuit of the amplitude-limiting STC attenuator of the present invention when the STC voltage jumps to a high level.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a system in which the amplitude-limiting STC attenuator of the present invention is applied to a radio frequency transceiving system.
Detailed Description
The utility model provides a limit STC attenuator, as shown in figure 3, including operational amplifier, inductance L, first diode D1, second diode D2, third diode D3, fourth diode D4, first electric capacity C1, second electric capacity C2, third electric capacity C3, first resistance R1, second resistance R2, third resistance R3, fourth resistance R4, fifth resistance R5, sixth resistance R6 and seventh resistance R7, one end of first electric capacity C1 is as the input end of radio frequency signal and ground connection, the other end of first electric capacity C1 and the positive pole of first diode D1, the positive pole of second diode D2, one end of inductance L, the positive pole of third diode D3, the positive pole of fourth diode D4, one end of second electric capacity C2 are connected, one end of second electric capacity C2 is as the output end of radio frequency signal and ground connection, the negative pole of first diode D1 is connected with the first resistance R1, the first resistance R1, the negative electrode of the second diode D2 is connected to one end of the second resistor R2, the other end of the second resistor R2 is grounded, the negative electrode of the third diode D3 is grounded, the negative electrode of the fourth diode D4 is grounded, the other end of the inductor L is connected to one end of the third capacitor C3 and one end of the fifth resistor R5, the other end of the third capacitor C3 is grounded, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier and one end of the sixth resistor R6, the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to one end of the seventh resistor R7 and the inverting input end of the operational amplifier, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is grounded, the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier is used as the STC signal input end and connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to one end of the third resistor R3, the negative voltage of the power supply, the other end of the third resistor R3 is grounded, and the positive voltage of the operational amplifier is connected to the positive voltage supply.
Furthermore, the amplitude-limiting STC attenuator further includes a fourth capacitor C4 and a fifth capacitor C5, one end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the positive power terminal of the operational amplifier, the other end of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded, one end of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected to the negative power terminal of the operational amplifier, and the other end of the fifth capacitor C5 is grounded.
Furthermore, the radio frequency transceiving system applying the amplitude-limiting STC attenuator comprises a transmitter, a four-port circulator, a transceiving antenna, a high-power load, the amplitude-limiting STC attenuator, a low-noise amplifier and a subsequent circuit; the transmitter is connected with a first port of the four-port circulator, the receiving and transmitting antenna is connected with a second port of the four-port circulator, the high-power load is connected with a third port of the four-port circulator, a fourth port of the four-port circulator is connected with a radio frequency signal input end of the amplitude-limiting STC attenuator, a radio frequency output end of the amplitude-limiting STC attenuator is connected with an input end of the low-noise amplifier, and an output end of the low-noise amplifier is connected with a subsequent circuit.
The utility model discloses an embodiment:
the operational amplifier of the amplitude-limiting STC attenuator is LM7171, the inductance L is 3.9uH, both the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are APD0805, both the third diode D3 and the fourth diode D4 are APD2220, all the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 are SC2201518, both the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are 51 omega, and both the fourth capacitor C4 and the fifth capacitor C5 are 50 pF.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, in the STC signal, during the transmission period, the STC waveform has a transition, and at this time, the attenuation circuit becomes a limiter circuit to prevent the signal from passing through, and through the operational amplifier, the voltage signal acting on the inductor L changes only in the voltage value according to the amplification factor of the operational amplifier, and the period, the transmission time, and the reception time of the voltage signal do not change. In a receiving period, when the STC voltage is a negative voltage, the diodes D1 to D4 are equivalent to an open switch, the circuit insertion loss is about 1dB at this time, the limiting attenuator is in a low insertion loss state and is used for receiving a period small signal, and an equivalent circuit is shown in fig. 5; when the STC voltage is lower than the conduction voltage of the diodes D1 and D2, D1 and D2 are equivalent to two voltage dependent resistors, D3 and D4 are equivalent to open-circuit switches, the circuit attenuation amount is smaller to 1 dB-10 dB at this time, and the equivalent circuit is shown in fig. 6; when the STC voltage is higher than the conducting voltage of the diodes D1 and D2, D1 and D2 are equivalent to two switches short-circuited, the input and output ends are connected to the ground through a 51-ohm resistor and are forcibly matched to 50-ohm impedance, and the attenuation of the attenuator is 10dB to 40dB, and the function of the attenuator is to prevent circuit mismatch in a large attenuation mode. D3 and D4 are equivalent to piezoresistors, and the circuit works in a large attenuation mode, and the equivalent circuit is shown in FIG. 7. In the emission period, the STC signal transits to high level, D1-D4 are equivalent to a switch short circuit, the channel is equivalent to a ground short circuit, at this time, the signal is totally reflected back to the input end, the circuit works in a clipping mode, the equivalent circuit is as shown in fig. 8, the insertion loss of the channel in the mode is 45dB, after a 2000W (63dBm) pulse signal enters the attenuator, the output power is less than 63-45, 18dBm and less than 20dBm (low noise amplifier anti-burnout power), and the function of protecting a rear-stage circuit can be achieved. In a transmitting period, the attenuator is in an amplitude limiting mode, the anti-burning power is 200W of continuous wave and 2000W of pulse (the pulse width is 10us, and the duty ratio is 10%); in a receiving period, the insertion loss of a far-field small signal is 1dB, and the attenuation of a near field and a medium-field large signal is 0 dB-40 dB, so that the dynamic compression can reach 40dB, the receiving dynamic range is increased and the near-field blind area of the system is reduced under the conditions of meeting the burnout resistance of the system and not influencing the receiving sensitivity.
A radio frequency transceiver system, as shown in fig. 9, including a slicing STC attenuator, a transmitter, a four-port circulator, a transceiver antenna, a high-power load, a low-noise amplifier, and subsequent circuits; the transmitter is connected with a first port of the four-port circulator, the transmitting-receiving antenna is connected with a second port of the four-port circulator, the high-power load is connected with a third port of the four-port circulator, a fourth port of the four-port circulator is connected with a radio frequency signal input end of the amplitude-limiting STC attenuator, a radio frequency output end of the amplitude-limiting STC attenuator is connected with an input end of the low-noise amplifier, and an output end of the low-noise amplifier is connected with a subsequent circuit.
Claims (3)
1. The amplitude-limiting STC attenuator is characterized by comprising an operational amplifier, an inductor (L), a first diode (D1), a second diode (D2), a third diode (D3), a fourth diode (D4), a first capacitor (C1), a second capacitor (C2), a third capacitor (C3), a first resistor (R1), a second resistor (R2), a third resistor (R3), a fourth resistor (R4), a fifth resistor (R5), a sixth resistor (R6) and a seventh resistor (R7), wherein one end of the first capacitor (C1) is used as an input end of a radio-frequency signal and is grounded, the other end of the first capacitor (C1) is connected with the anode of the first diode (D1), the anode of the second diode (D2), one end of the inductor (L), the anode of the third diode (D3), the anode of the fourth diode (D4), the anode of the second capacitor (C2) and the output end of the first capacitor (C2) is used as an output end of the radio-frequency signal, the negative pole of a first diode (D1) is connected with one end of a first resistor (R1), the other end of the first resistor (R1) is grounded, the negative pole of a second diode (D2) is connected with one end of a second resistor (R2), the other end of a second resistor (R2) is grounded, the negative pole of a third diode (D3) is grounded, the negative pole of a fourth diode (D4) is grounded, the other end of an inductor (L) is connected with one end of a third capacitor (C3) and one end of a fifth resistor (R5), the other end of a third capacitor (C3) is grounded, the other end of a fifth resistor (R5) is connected with the output end of an operational amplifier and one end of a sixth resistor (R6), the other end of a sixth resistor (R6) is connected with one end of a seventh resistor (R7) and the inverted input end of the operational amplifier, the other end of the seventh resistor (R7) is grounded, and the input end of the operational amplifier is used as the STC signal access end and connected with one end of a fourth resistor (R4), the other end of the fourth resistor (R4) is connected with one end of the third resistor (R3), the negative voltage of the power supply and the negative power end of the operational amplifier, the other end of the third resistor (R3) is grounded, and the positive power end of the operational amplifier is connected with the positive voltage of the power supply.
2. The slicer STC attenuator of claim 1, further comprising a fourth capacitor (C4) and a fifth capacitor (C5), wherein one terminal of the fourth capacitor (C4) is connected to the positive power terminal of the operational amplifier, the other terminal of the fourth capacitor (C4) is connected to ground, one terminal of the fifth capacitor (C5) is connected to the negative power terminal of the operational amplifier, and the other terminal of the fifth capacitor (C5) is connected to ground.
3. A radio frequency transceiver system comprising the sliced STC attenuator of claim 1 or 2, further comprising a transmitter, a four-port circulator, a transceiver antenna, a load, a low noise amplifier, and subsequent circuitry; the transmitter is connected with a first port of the four-port circulator, the receiving and transmitting antenna is connected with a second port of the four-port circulator, the load is connected with a third port of the four-port circulator, a fourth port of the four-port circulator is connected with a radio frequency signal input end of the amplitude-limiting STC attenuator, a radio frequency output end of the amplitude-limiting STC attenuator is connected with an input end of the low-noise amplifier, and an output end of the low-noise amplifier is connected with a subsequent circuit.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120230567.3U CN214125250U (en) | 2021-01-27 | 2021-01-27 | Amplitude limiting STC attenuator and radio frequency transceiving system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120230567.3U CN214125250U (en) | 2021-01-27 | 2021-01-27 | Amplitude limiting STC attenuator and radio frequency transceiving system |
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| CN214125250U true CN214125250U (en) | 2021-09-03 |
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