CN214045156U - Energy feedback charging current limiting device and electric vehicle - Google Patents
Energy feedback charging current limiting device and electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN214045156U CN214045156U CN202022746611.4U CN202022746611U CN214045156U CN 214045156 U CN214045156 U CN 214045156U CN 202022746611 U CN202022746611 U CN 202022746611U CN 214045156 U CN214045156 U CN 214045156U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses embodiment relates to current circuit technical field, in particular to device of energy repayment charging current restriction sets up between the power supply battery and the motor of electricity system of driving, the device includes: the current unidirectional module is connected between the positive pole of the power supply battery and the motor in series and is used for being disconnected with the power supply battery when the motor generates feedback charging current so that the feedback charging current flows through the following modules: the control end of the first controllable switch is connected with a switch control signal, the first controlled end is connected with the feedback charging current, and the second controlled end is connected with the inductor; and the first end of the inductor is connected with the second controlled end of the first controllable switch, and the second end of the inductor is connected with the anode of the power supply battery. The utility model also provides an electric vehicle. The utility model discloses simple structure, the practicality is strong, has avoided the too big harm that causes power supply battery of repayment energy, has improved recovery efficiency simultaneously.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a current circuit technical field, in particular to device and an electric vehicle of energy repayment charging current restriction.
Background
The typical electric driving system consists of a power supply, a motor controller and an action executing mechanism, wherein the motor is connected with a shaft and drives the action executing mechanism to act, the motor can work in an electric state or a power generation state, and typical power generation state scenes comprise scenes that motor energy is fed back for braking, a crane slowly puts down heavy objects, other gravitational potential energy is converted into electric energy through the motor, and the like. In an electric drive system using a battery as an important power supply energy source, if the motor works in a power generation state, on one hand, if the electric drive system can charge electric energy fed back from the power generation state of the motor into the battery, the energy utilization rate can be improved, and the endurance time of a product is prolonged; on the other hand, excessive feedback charging current may damage the battery, resulting in a decrease in battery capacity, a shortened life span, and even a fire.
Some devices for limiting the feedback electric energy exist in the prior art, but the devices have the following disadvantages:
1. the DC-DC conversion circuit comprises three DC-DC conversion functional modules, namely a current-limiting voltage-limiting module, a boosting module and a charging module, wherein each functional module comprises a power switch and a control circuit, and the hardware circuit structure is complex, so that the control method is complicated;
2. the power conversion stages are multiple, the energy loss is large, and the energy recovery efficiency is reduced;
3. the problem of redundant energy consumption generated when the energy recovery is carried out after the battery electric quantity reaches a set threshold value is not considered;
4. the charging current is limited in proportion with the braking voltage, the flexibility is lacked, and the recovery efficiency is reduced.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to an apparatus for limiting energy feedback charging current, so as to at least partially solve the above problems.
In order to achieve the above object, the first aspect of the present invention provides an energy feedback charging current limiting device, which is disposed between a power supply battery and a motor of an electric drive system, the energy feedback charging current limiting device includes: the current unidirectional module is connected between the positive pole of the power supply battery and the motor in series and is used for being disconnected with the power supply battery when the motor generates feedback charging current so that the feedback charging current flows through the following modules: the control end of the first controllable switch is connected with a switch control signal, the first controlled end of the first controllable switch is connected with the feedback charging current, and the second controlled end of the first controllable switch is connected with the inductor; and the first end of the inductor is connected with the second controlled end of the first controllable switch, and the second end of the inductor is connected with the anode of the power supply battery.
Preferably, the current unidirectional module is a diode, and the first controllable switch is an IGBT switch.
Preferably, an on-off switch is further disposed between the second end of the inductor and the positive electrode of the power supply battery, and the on-off switch is closed only when the motor generates a feedback charging current, so that the second end of the inductor is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply battery.
Preferably, the device further comprises a capacitor, a first end of the capacitor is connected with the second controlled end of the first controllable switch, and a second end of the capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply battery.
Preferably, the device further comprises a resistor, a first end of the resistor is connected to the first controlled end of the first controllable switch, and a second end of the resistor is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply battery.
Preferably, a second controllable switch is further disposed between the first end of the resistor and the first controlled end of the first controllable switch, and the open-close state of the second controllable switch is opposite to that of the first controllable switch.
Preferably, the second controllable switch is an IGBT switch.
Preferably, a first controllable switch in the device is connected with a controller, and a switch control signal of the first controllable switch comes from the controller; the switch control signal of the second controllable switch in the apparatus is derived from the controller or from an inverse of the switch control signal of the first controllable switch.
Preferably, the device further comprises a current sampling module, wherein the current sampling module is arranged at the positive pole of the power supply battery and is used for sampling the charging current of the power supply battery and outputting the measured value of the charging current to the controller.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric vehicle, an electric drive system of the electric vehicle including: a power supply battery, a motor and the aforementioned energy feedback charging current limiting device disposed between the power supply battery and the motor.
The utility model discloses embodiment provides a technical scheme has following beneficial effect:
1) the scheme has simple logic and higher practicability;
2) the feedback charging current can be increased as much as possible under the condition of limiting the feedback charging current, and the charging capacity is improved; when the battery is full of electricity, the electric energy which can not be recovered by the battery can be consumed through the resistor.
3) Compared with the traditional multi-stage limiting module, the problems of multiple power conversion stages and large energy loss are solved, and the energy recovery efficiency of the device is improved.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without undue limitation. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for energy feedback charging current limitation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of an apparatus for energy feedback charging current limiting;
fig. 3 is a current flow diagram of an energy feedback charging current limiting device in a motor driving state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a current flow diagram of an energy feedback charging current limiting device in an electric motor generating state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is another current flow diagram of the energy feedback charging current limiting device in an embodiment of the present invention in a motor power generation state.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the description herein is only intended to illustrate and explain embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy feedback charging current limiting device according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, an energy feedback charging current limiting device is disposed between a power supply battery and a motor of an electric drive system, the energy feedback charging current limiting device includes: the current unidirectional module is connected between the positive pole of the power supply battery and the motor in series and is used for being disconnected with the power supply battery when the motor generates feedback charging current so that the feedback charging current flows through the following modules: the control end of the first controllable switch is connected with a switch control signal, the first controlled end of the first controllable switch is connected with the feedback charging current, and the second controlled end of the first controllable switch is connected with the inductor; and the first end of the inductor is connected with the second controlled end of the first controllable switch, and the second end of the inductor is connected with the anode of the power supply battery.
When the electric vehicle is in a driving working condition, the power supply battery or the battery pack is used as a main power source, the motor is used as a mechanical power source of the electric vehicle, the electric vehicle works in an electric state, and electric energy is converted into kinetic energy for driving the electric vehicle to run. Under the working condition of energy feedback, the motor is driven by external mechanical force and works in an energy feedback state to generate feedback current. Energy recovery of the feedback current can improve energy utilization rate. When the motor works in an electric state, the current unidirectional module is in a forward conduction state, the current flows to the state shown by a solid line in the figure, the electric energy of the power supply battery can pass through, the driver provides the electric energy required by driving for the motor, at the moment, the current fed back by the motor is not available, and the energy of the power supply battery also does not flow through a device for energy feedback charging current limitation. When the motor works in an energy feedback state, the current unidirectional module is in a reverse open circuit state, generated feedback current charges the power supply battery, so the current unidirectional module can also be called feedback charging current, and the current flow direction is shown as a dotted line in the figure. The first controllable switch in the device is used for chopping the feedback charging current into a series of pulse currents, and the series of pulse currents are smoothed through the inductor to obtain the charging current for the power supply battery.
Through the above embodiment, the stability of the charging current to the power supply battery can be kept through simple regulation, the energy loss is small, and the energy recovery rate is high.
The utility model provides a pair of in an embodiment, the one-way module of electric current is the diode, first controllable switch is the IGBT switch. The current unidirectional module in the foregoing embodiment may be a unidirectional thyristor or a unidirectional current circuit. The diode is used as the current unidirectional module in the implementation mode, and the circuit has the advantage of simple structure. The diode functions as: when the charging current of feedback is directly to power supply battery charging, too big electric current can cause the damage of power supply battery, and the anodal transposition diode of place power supply battery has avoided directly filling the power supply battery harm that brings, and when power supply battery supplied power to the motor, the repayment current of restriction driver caused the harm switch to the battery simultaneously. In addition, the IGBT switch is used as the first controllable switch, and the following advantages are achieved. The IGBT integrates the advantages of the triode and the MOSFET, has small driving power, reduced saturation voltage and high switching speed, and is very suitable for being applied to the fields of current transformation systems with larger current and higher voltage, such as alternating current motors, frequency converters, switching power supplies, lighting circuits, traction transmission and the like.
The utility model provides a pair of in an embodiment, the second end of inductance with still be provided with on-off switch between power supply battery's the positive pole, on-off switch is only in closed when the motor generates repayment charging current, makes the second end of inductance with power supply battery's positive pole links to each other. The on-off switch is switched off when the motor is in an electric state, and the motor is switched on when the motor is in an energy feedback state, so that the energy is prevented from being consumed on an inductor and a capacitor when a power supply battery supplies power, and a relay and the like can be adopted for implementing the on-off switch.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of an apparatus for limiting an energy feedback charging current according to the present invention, as shown in fig. 2. The on-off switch is matched with the diode for use, and the specific conditions are as follows: the diode D is in a forward conducting state, the power of the power supply battery provides the power required by the driving to the motor through the diode D and the driver, and the on-off switch G3 is in an off state, so that the method of energy feedback charging current limitation is not required, and the current fed back by the motor is not required. When the motor is determined to work in the energy feedback state, the diode D is in the reverse open circuit state, the on-off switch G3 is in the closed state, and at the moment, the first charging current fed back from the motor reaches the power supply battery through the conversion component to charge the power supply battery.
The utility model provides an in the embodiment, the device still includes electric capacity, the first end of electric capacity with the second controlled end of first controllable switch links to each other, the second end of electric capacity with supply battery's negative pole links to each other. As mentioned above, the second charging current is formed by a series of pulse currents after the series of pulse currents pass through the inductor and the first controllable switch is frequently switched on and off, so as to prevent the impact current from forming and affecting the power supply battery, and therefore, a capacitor is added to ensure the continuity of the feedback charging current. Meanwhile, the capacitor also has a certain energy storage function, and the continuity of the charging current is further ensured.
The utility model provides an in the embodiment, the device still includes resistance, the first end of resistance with first controllable switch's first controlled end links to each other, the second end of resistance with power supply battery's negative pole links to each other. The feedback charging current is divided into two parts, one part is converted into the charging current for the power supply battery, and the other current is not recycled and charged. This portion of the unrecovered current may be used for additional purposes or may be dissipated. The implementation mode adopts a resistor to dissipate the power, and is realized through a simple circuit.
The utility model provides an in the implementation, the first end of resistance with still be provided with the second controllable switch between the first controlled end of first controllable switch, the second controllable switch with the switching state of first controllable switch is opposite. When the electric energy dissipation device, namely the resistor, is directly connected to the circuit, the feedback charging current is dissipated all the time, which is not beneficial to energy recycling. In this embodiment, the second controllable switch is used to dissipate the redundant electric energy only when needed, and the second controllable switch and the first controllable switch are in opposite on/off states, that is, the feedback charging current is divided into two parts, one part is converted into the charging current for the rechargeable battery, and the other current is connected to the resistor. In a specific implementation, the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch may also be integrated into a selection switch, and the selection switch is directly selectively connected between the conversion branch and the resistor to select a flow direction of the fed back charging current.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the second controllable switch is an IGBT switch. The advantages of IGBT switching are as described before and are not repeated here.
In one embodiment, a first controllable switch in the device is connected to a controller, and a switch control signal of the first controllable switch is from the controller; the switch control signal of the second controllable switch in the apparatus is derived from the controller or from an inverse of the switch control signal of the first controllable switch. The controller comprises a single chip microcomputer, a processor or a PLC, etc., wherein control signals of the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch can be respectively controlled by directly outputting two paths of switch control signals with opposite phases through the controller, or another path of switch control signal can be obtained by passing one path of switch control signal through a phase inverter such as a NOT gate or a CMOS phase inverter.
The utility model provides a pair of in an embodiment, the device still includes current sampling module, current sampling module set up in power supply battery's positive pole department, be used for the sampling power supply battery's charging current, and will charging current's measured value output extremely the controller. The current sampling circuit can adopt the implementation modes of mutual inductance sampling, series voltage division, Hall sensing and the like. The controller outputs a switch control signal corresponding to the measured value of the charging current to the first controllable switch and/or the second controllable switch through a preset control logic. The control logic here is beyond the scope of the present invention.
In an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an electric vehicle, wherein the electric drive system of the electric vehicle includes: a power supply battery, a motor and the aforementioned energy feedback charging current limiting device disposed between the power supply battery and the motor. The electric vehicle in the embodiment comprises an aerial work platform, a forklift, a crane and the like. When the device is used on the electric vehicle, the power switch can be quickly switched on and off due to the fact that the number of conversion stages is small, energy can be quickly recovered when the device is braked at a high speed, and braking distance is shortened.
The working principle of the implementation circuit provided by the present invention is explained below by means of fig. 3 to 5, respectively, for a person skilled in the art to better understand and implement.
Fig. 3 is a current flow diagram of an energy feedback charging current limiting device in a motor driving state according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3. When the electric automobile is in a driving working condition, the power supply battery or the battery pack is used as a main power source, the motor is used as a unique mechanical power source, electric energy is converted into kinetic energy for driving the electric automobile to run, the on-off switch G3 is switched off at the stage, the power supply battery supplies electric energy required by driving to the motor through the diode D and the driver, and current in a circuit flows to the arrows in the figure.
Fig. 4 is a current flow diagram of an energy feedback charging current limiting device in an electric motor generating state according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4. When the motor of the electric vehicle is in a power generation state, the motor works as a power generator, the on-off switch G3 is always closed, and the energy feedback charging mode is started. When the first controllable switch G1 is turned on and the second controllable switch G2 is turned off, a part of the feedback charging current charges the power supply battery through the inductor L, and the other part charges the capacitor C; at this time, the power supply battery is in a charged state, energy recovery is performed, and the current in the circuit flows as shown by arrows in the figure.
Fig. 5 is another current flow diagram of the energy feedback charging current limiting device in an embodiment of the present invention in a motor power generation state, as shown in fig. 5. And when the second controllable switch G2 is switched on and the first controllable switch G1 is switched off, the feedback charging current is consumed through the resistor R, the capacitor C releases stored electric energy to carry out follow current, and the inductor L also keeps the continuity and the stability of the charging current of the power supply battery due to the blocking effect on the current change. At this time, the power supply battery is in a charged state, energy recovery is performed, and the current in the circuit flows as shown by arrows in the figure.
In order to further verify the technical effect of the utility model discloses the device hardware circuit that this scheme provided is built in MATLAB/Simulink to the technical effect of embodiment, can clearly see through simulation verification simulation energy repayment process: the utility model provides a device can effectual restriction repayment electric current, avoids too big repayment charging current to cause the harm to the battery.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a device is owing to the conversion progression is few, and power switch can be quick cut-off, has improved device energy recuperation efficiency, has promoted the duration of a journey ability of battery. Meanwhile, when the brake is carried out at a high speed, energy recovery can be carried out quickly, and the braking distance is shortened.
The above describes in detail optional implementation manners of embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the details in the above implementation manners, and in the technical concept scope of the embodiments of the present invention, it is possible to perform various simple modifications on the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the embodiments of the present invention do not separately describe various possible combinations.
Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the method according to the above embodiments may be implemented by a program, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to enable a single chip, a chip, or a processor (processor) to execute all or part of the steps in the method according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
In addition, the different embodiments of the present invention can be combined arbitrarily, and as long as it does not violate the idea of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be regarded as the disclosure of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An energy feedback charging current limiting device disposed between a power supply battery and an electric machine of an electric drive system, the energy feedback charging current limiting device comprising:
the current unidirectional module is connected between the positive pole of the power supply battery and the motor in series and is used for being disconnected with the power supply battery when the motor generates feedback charging current so that the feedback charging current flows through the following modules:
the control end of the first controllable switch is connected with a switch control signal, the first controlled end of the first controllable switch is connected with the feedback charging current, and the second controlled end of the first controllable switch is connected with the inductor; and
and the first end of the inductor is connected with the second controlled end of the first controllable switch, and the second end of the inductor is connected with the anode of the power supply battery.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the current blocking module is a diode and the first controllable switch is an IGBT switch.
3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein an on-off switch is further disposed between the second terminal of the inductor and the positive terminal of the power supply battery, and the on-off switch is closed only when the motor generates the feedback charging current, so that the second terminal of the inductor is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply battery.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a capacitor, wherein a first terminal of the capacitor is connected to the second controlled terminal of the first controllable switch, and a second terminal of the capacitor is connected to a negative terminal of the power supply battery.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a resistor, wherein a first terminal of the resistor is connected to the first controlled terminal of the first controllable switch, and a second terminal of the resistor is connected to a negative terminal of the power supply battery.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein a second controllable switch is disposed between the first terminal of the resistor and the first controlled terminal of the first controllable switch, and the second controllable switch is in an opposite state to the first controllable switch.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein the second controllable switch is an IGBT switch.
8. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein the feedback charging current limiting device,
the first controllable switch is connected with a controller, and a switch control signal of the first controllable switch comes from the controller;
the switch control signal of the second controllable switch is from the controller or is an inverse of the switch control signal of the first controllable switch.
9. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein the feedback charging current limiting device,
the device for limiting the energy feedback charging current further comprises a current sampling module, wherein the current sampling module is arranged at the anode of the power supply battery and is used for sampling the charging current of the power supply battery and outputting the measured value of the charging current to the controller.
10. An electric vehicle, characterized in that an electric drive system of the electric vehicle comprises: a power supply battery, an electric machine, and an apparatus for energy regenerative charging current limiting according to any one of claims 1 to 9 disposed between the power supply battery and the electric machine.
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| CN202022746611.4U CN214045156U (en) | 2020-11-23 | 2020-11-23 | Energy feedback charging current limiting device and electric vehicle |
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| CN202022746611.4U CN214045156U (en) | 2020-11-23 | 2020-11-23 | Energy feedback charging current limiting device and electric vehicle |
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Denomination of utility model: Device and electric vehicle for energy feedback charging current limitation Effective date of registration: 20231205 Granted publication date: 20210824 Pledgee: ZOOMLION Group Finance Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: ZOOMLION HEAVY INDUSTRY SCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980069645 |