CN214032577U - High-speed laser point-shaped heat treatment device - Google Patents
High-speed laser point-shaped heat treatment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN214032577U CN214032577U CN202022995115.2U CN202022995115U CN214032577U CN 214032577 U CN214032577 U CN 214032577U CN 202022995115 U CN202022995115 U CN 202022995115U CN 214032577 U CN214032577 U CN 214032577U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a high-speed laser dot heat treatment device, which is characterized in that the device comprises a pulse laser, wherein the pulse laser is used for carrying out surface heat treatment on a workpiece, the pulse width of the output laser is less than 0.1 second, and the pulse duty ratio of the pulse laser is 10-80%; the focusing head is positioned at the outlet side of the pulse laser and is used for focusing the laser emitted by the pulse laser; the mounting seat is used for mounting the pulse laser and the focusing head; and the workbench is used for fixing the workpiece and controlling the workpiece to move. The technical scheme of the utility model carry out punctiform thermal treatment to the work piece through the high-speed laser that adopts pulse width tau < 0.1 second, can avoid the overlap joint among the continuous heat treatment process, effectively avoid the thermal stress overlap joint, make the work piece easily form special material structures such as supersaturated solid solution, metastable phase, amorphous state even, the application is extensive.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of laser beam machining technique and specifically relates to a high-speed laser punctiform heat treatment device is related to.
Background
The laser surface heat treatment technology uses laser as a heat source to heat the surface of a material, and achieves the purpose of modifying the surface of the material through the cooperation with other technologies. In the process of surface treatment by laser, the laser needs to be focused to a relatively small spot to ensure a sufficiently high power density. When a certain relatively large area needs to be surface treated, multiple passes of the surface with a laser spot are required, which results in overlapping areas between successive passes. The lapping zone can have a tempering and softening phenomenon, and simultaneously, a plurality of continuous heat treatments can gradually accumulate the temperature to form accumulated thermal stress distribution, so that microcracks can easily appear.
Patent No. (CN100417746C), patent name (a distributed laser spot alloying method), which uses a pulsed laser to irradiate the surface of a material, heats a laser pulse spot area during the pulsed laser irradiation to form a spot (circular or elliptical) heating area, and adds alloy powder while heating, when the laser pulse is finished, an alloyed spot is formed on the surface. When the next laser pulse comes, the workpiece has been moved to the next position by suitable means, so that the area irradiated by the next laser pulse is separated from the alloyed zone formed by the previous pulse. This operation is repeated, and with multiple laser pulses, periodic laser alloying spots can be formed on the surface of the material. The method adopting the point alloying can avoid the problem of overlapping in the continuous heat treatment process and can also effectively avoid the accumulation of thermal stress.
The above patent content stipulates that the width tau of the laser pulse is 0.1 ≦ tau ≦ 1.0s, and this limitation makes the technology only capable of performing laser surface heating at a relatively slow speed, which is why this method is only applicable to laser alloying, but most laser heat treatment processes require that the laser heating speed is much higher than the requirements of the above patent, such as laser quenching and fusing technology, which requires a fast heating surface, only a fast heating surface can reduce the heat affected zone, thereby ensuring a sufficiently high cooling speed in the cooling process of the heated surface, and only a sufficiently high cooling speed can form a special material structure such as supersaturated solid solution, metastable phase, even amorphous state, etc. in the cooling process.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a high-speed laser punctiform heat treatment device, this high-speed laser punctiform heat treatment device can form special material structures such as various supersaturated solid solutions, metastable phase, amorphous state even on the surface through quick course of working to extend laser beam machining's performance greatly.
The utility model provides a high-speed laser punctiform heat treatment device, include: the pulse laser is used for carrying out surface heat treatment on a workpiece, the pulse width of output laser is less than 0.1 second, and the pulse duty ratio of the pulse laser is 10% -80%; the focusing head is positioned at the outlet side of the pulse laser and is used for focusing the laser emitted by the pulse laser; the mounting seat is used for mounting the pulse laser and the focusing system; and the workbench is used for fixing the workpiece and controlling the workpiece to move.
Further, the pulse laser is a pulse laser which can modulate pulse output by external control.
Further, the pulse duty ratio of the pulse laser is 10% -50%.
Further, the pulse laser is a continuous laser modulated by an external mechanical switch.
Further, the external mechanical switch is a mechanical chopper disk, a mechanical polygon mirror or a mechanical deflection mirror, the rotating shaft of the mechanical disk chopper is parallel to the irradiation direction of the continuous laser, the mechanical disk chopper is evenly provided with light through holes, the light through holes are positioned on the same circumference, the rotating shaft of the mechanical polygon prism is vertical to the irradiation direction of the continuous laser, the mechanical polygon prism is used for reflecting continuous laser, one side of the mechanical polygon prism is provided with at least two receiving mirrors, the receiving mirror is used for receiving and passing the continuous laser reflected by the mechanical polygon mirror, a fixed shaft of the mechanical deflection mirror is vertical to the irradiation direction of the continuous laser, the drive control device of mechanical deflection mirror is motor, galvanometer or piezoceramics, one side of mechanical deflection mirror is equipped with is no less than two receiving mirrors, the receiving mirror is used for receiving and passes through the continuous laser of mechanical deflection mirror reflection.
Further, the mounting seat is a mechanical arm or a sliding guide rail, and a heat treatment spot formed on the workpiece by irradiation of the pulse laser is in a dotted circle or an ellipse. The mechanical arm or the sliding guide rail controls the pulse laser to move linearly or in a multi-axis curve.
Further, the focusing head comprises a spherical focusing mirror, the spherical focusing mirror is used for generating a circular laser focusing spot, and the heat treatment spot formed on the workpiece by the circular laser focusing spot is in a dotted circle shape.
Furthermore, the focusing head further comprises an X-direction cylindrical mirror and a Y-direction cylindrical mirror which are different in height, and the X-direction cylindrical mirror and the Y-direction cylindrical mirror are used for accurately adjusting the length of the long axis and the length of the short axis of the elliptical laser focusing spot.
Further, the workpiece is a revolving body part, the workpiece rotates at a high speed, the pulse laser moves along the axis direction of the workpiece, the end part of the revolving body part is connected with an encoder, the encoder is used for detecting the position of the workpiece, the signal output end of the encoder is connected with a control system of the pulse laser, and the control system is used for controlling the start and stop of the pulse laser and the laser pulse width. The encoder can detect the rotary displacement of the workpiece, is matched with the pulse laser moving along the axis of the workpiece, can perform reinforced heat treatment on a certain position of the workpiece, such as the middle position of a mandrel part, and can also be matched with a gear box or a lead screw to directly measure the rotary displacement and linear displacement of the workpiece and feed back the rotary displacement and linear displacement to the pulse laser.
Furthermore, the pulse laser coats metal powder on the surface of the heating area of the workpiece, and is used for carrying out processes such as laser alloying or laser cladding.
The technical scheme of the utility model through adopting the high-speed laser of pulse width tau < 0.1 second, carry out punctiform heat treatment to the work piece, set up duty cycle 10% -80% or 10% -50%, can avoid the overlap joint among the continuous heat treatment process, effectively avoid the heat stress accumulation, the control adjustment mode of round point form still has simultaneously, can be with the non-circular spot that laser caused because of the motion of work piece, form through adjusting the laser beam in advance, make the heat treatment spot of staying at the work piece surface be circular spot, still the design has the encoder, realize the heat treatment of the specific part of work piece, when carrying out punctiform heat treatment, send the powder to the work piece surface, can carry out treatment process such as alloying or surface cladding, because this device adopts high-speed laser, so when rate of heating is fast, cooling rate is also very high, easily form supersaturated solid solution, solid solution, Metastable phase and even amorphous state and other special material structures, and has wide application fields.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the technical solutions in the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a general schematic diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the operation of the rotary workpiece according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the mechanical chopper disk of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a mechanical polygon prism of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the mechanical deflection mirror of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a heat treatment spot diagram of the surface of a workpiece according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the formation of circular spots in the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of the elliptical laser spot of FIG. 7;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a precise focus spot shape in the present invention;
fig. 10 is a heat treatment spot diagram after the workpiece is positioned by cooperating with the encoder of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-pulse laser and focusing head, 2-continuous laser and focusing head modulated by external mechanical switch, 3-workpiece, 4-mounting seat, 5-workbench, 6-mechanical optical disk, 601-light-passing hole, 7-mechanical multi-prism, 8-mechanical deflection mirror, 9-heat treatment spot, 10-spherical focusing mirror, 11-X direction cylindrical mirror, 12-Y direction cylindrical mirror, 13-encoder, 14-continuous laser, 15-pulse laser and 16-focusing mirror.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and to simplify the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise. Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, 6-10:
the utility model provides a high-speed laser point-like heat treatment device, which comprises a pulse laser, wherein the pulse laser is used for carrying out surface heat treatment on a workpiece, the pulse width of output laser is less than 0.1 second, and the pulse duty ratio of the pulse laser is 10-80 percent variable; the focusing system is positioned on the outlet side of the pulse laser and is used for focusing the laser emitted by the pulse laser; the mounting seat is used for mounting the pulse laser and the focusing system; and the workbench is used for fixing the workpiece and controlling the workpiece to move. Because the pulse width of the used laser is less than 0.1 second, the pulse width of the laser is very narrow, so the heating process of the laser to the surface of the material is very fast, the heat affected zone generated in the heat treatment process is very small, and the heated area of the material after the pulse is cooled by the cold matrix very fast, and some special material structures including but not limited to supersaturated solid solution, metastable phase, even amorphous state and the like can be formed in the process. The pulse laser and the focusing head are in the form of pulse with repetition frequency, the pulse heat treatment is repeatedly carried out, a plurality of laser pulses are adopted, periodic laser heat treatment spots 9 can be formed on the surface of the material, and when the heat treatment spots 9 effectively cover the surface of the material, the purpose of laser heat treatment on the surface is achieved.
The pulse laser is a pulse laser capable of modulating pulse output. Compared with a fixed pulse laser, the pulse laser capable of modulating pulse output can emit pulse laser and close laser pulse according to a detection signal of the detection device to the position of the workpiece, so that the workpiece 3 is subjected to heat treatment according to design requirements.
The mounting seat 4 is a mechanical arm or a sliding guide rail, and the heat treatment spots formed by irradiating the pulse laser and the focusing head 1 on the workpiece are in a dot-shaped circle or an ellipse. Of course, the mechanical arm or the sliding guide rail is only a conventional installation control manner, and mainly aims to assist the movement of the pulse laser and the focusing head 1 and adjust the positions of the pulse laser and the focusing head 1, and the movement can be ordinary linear movement or numerical control type multi-axis curvilinear movement, and the mechanical arm has been widely used, and is not described in detail herein, and other devices capable of playing such role can be used, during the pulse laser irradiation process, the laser heats the surface of the workpiece 3, and the workpiece 3 does not stop moving (the workpiece 3 can continuously move at a stable speed), because the laser pulse is very narrow and has a duty ratio, although the workpiece 3 continuously moves, the area irradiated by the laser pulse is not obviously elongated into an ellipse, thereby forming a point-shaped circular or elliptical heating area.
As shown in fig. 7: the high-speed linear motion or high-speed rotary motion of work piece 3, pulse laser and focus head 1 are fixed, and the focus head includes spherical focusing mirror 10, and spherical focusing mirror 10 is used for generating circular laser focus spot, and the heat treatment spot 9 that circular laser spot formed on work piece 3 is punctiform circular. When the moving speed of the workpiece 3 is high and the duty ratio of the laser pulse is also high, the region irradiated by the laser pulse is possibly elongated along the moving direction of the workpiece, at this time, the laser is focused into an elliptical shape, and then, in cooperation with the movement of the workpiece 3, the heat treatment spot 9 which is just circular is left on the surface of the workpiece 3 at the end of the laser pulse, and of course, for the surface of the workpiece 3 which needs the elliptical heat treatment spot 9, a circular laser beam can be directly used in this case.
As shown in fig. 8: the width of the focusing light spot in the moving direction of the workpiece 3 is B, the center-to-center distance between two heat treatment points required in the moving direction of the workpiece 3 is B, the duty ratio of the pulse is P, the moving distance of the light spot on the surface of the workpiece 3 in the pulse acting time is P × B, theoretically, the acting length of the laser pulse in the moving direction of the workpiece 3 is B + P × B, but the acting time of the front end and the rear end in the moving direction of the workpiece 3 is short due to the movement of the workpiece 3, the size of the final actual heat treatment point in the direction is smaller than the length, the actual acting length is between B and B + P × B, and the focusing light spot formed on the workpiece 3 by the focusing light spot can be controlled to be circular or elliptical according to the actual process experiment.
As shown in fig. 9: the workpiece 3 moves linearly at a high speed or rotates at a high speed, the pulse laser and the focusing head 1 are fixed, an X-direction cylindrical mirror 11 and a Y-direction cylindrical mirror 12 are arranged at different height positions on the focusing head, and the X-direction cylindrical mirror 11 and the Y-direction cylindrical mirror 12 are used for accurately adjusting the length of the long axis and the length of the short axis of the laser focusing spot beam.
As shown in fig. 9: since the actual heat treatment spot is lengthened due to the continuous movement of the workpiece 3, when it is strictly required that the heat treatment spot is circular, it is necessary to focus the spot in advance into a flat elliptical shape. Assuming that the length of the spot in the direction perpendicular to the direction of motion of the workpiece 3 is a, a > b is required. The simplest method is to adopt cylindrical mirrors in two directions for focusing respectively, and adopt a system that two cylindrical mirrors focus respectively in the x direction and the y direction. If the divergence angle of the incident light beam is θ, the spot length after focusing in the x direction is a ═ θ × f1, and the spot length after focusing in the y direction is b ═ θ × f 2. Since f1> f2, the result is a > b, and specific parameter ratios can be obtained by selecting the appropriate f1 and f 2.
As shown in fig. 2 and 10: the workpiece 3 is a revolving body part, the workpiece 3 rotates at a high speed, the pulse laser and the focusing head 1 move along the axis direction of the workpiece 3, the end part of the revolving body part is connected with an encoder 13, the encoder 13 is used for detecting the displacement of the workpiece 3, the displacement can be rotary displacement or linear displacement obtained by matching with a gear box or a lead screw, the signal output end of the encoder 13 is connected with the control system of the pulse laser 1, and the control system is used for controlling the start and stop of the pulse laser 1 and the laser pulse width. When a revolving body part is processed, a workpiece 3 continuously rotates, laser pulses are processed at a stable frequency, a laser focusing head can be installed on a platform which continuously linearly moves, the laser heat treatment focusing head linearly moves along the axis direction of a cylindrical workpiece 3, and the workpiece 3 continuously rotates, so that continuous spiral line distribution of heat treatment points is formed on the outer surface of the cylindrical workpiece 3, the continuous movement form requires the detection of the orientation of the rotating workpiece 3, the orientation of the workpiece 3 can be detected by an encoder 13 generally, the required point distribution form can be ensured by matching the output of the laser pulses, different pulse intervals can be adopted at different parts of the workpiece 3 by matching the application of the encoder 13, and different heat treatment point distribution forms and densities can be generated in different areas of the workpiece 3.
The heat treatment spots 9 formed between the pulse laser and the focusing head 1 and the high-speed rotating workpiece 3 are distributed in a cross interval mode or an alignment mode, if an aligned distribution is adopted, the heat treatment lattice is uniformly distributed on the circumference of the cylinder according to the size of the laser heat treatment point and the diameter of the cylindrical workpiece 3, when the encoder 13 arranged on the cylindrical shaft detects the position needing heat treatment through signals, the signals for emitting laser pulses are sent to a laser, the laser emits the laser pulses, after one circle of heat treatment is completed, the heat treatment is repeatedly carried out at the corresponding encoder 13 signal position, an aligned and regular heat treatment lattice can be formed on the whole cylindrical surface, if a cross-point heat treatment is required, the heat treatment point pattern is evenly distributed over the circumference of the cylinder, again depending on the size of the laser heat treatment points and the diameter of the cylindrical workpiece 3. When the encoder 13 arranged on the cylindrical shaft detects the position needing heat treatment through signals, the signals for emitting laser pulses are sent to the laser, the laser emits laser pulses, after the heat treatment of the first circle is completed, the signals for emitting pulses are sent between the two encoders 13 at the pulse position of the previous circle during the treatment of the next circle, the pulses processed by the next circle are just positioned at the position crossed with the previous circle, the process is repeated until the treatment of all areas is completed, and a crossed regular heat treatment dot matrix can be formed on the whole cylindrical surface.
As shown in fig. 10: in conjunction with the use of the encoder 13, different pulse intervals can be used at different locations on the workpiece 3, and thus different heat treatment spot distributions and densities in different regions of the workpiece 3. For example, the roller type workpiece is stressed most in working, the middle part is distributed in a relatively dense lattice mode, the two ends are distributed in a relatively sparse mode, the encoder 13 can detect the rotary displacement of the workpiece 3 and be matched with the pulse laser and the focusing head 1 which move along the axis of the workpiece, a certain position of the workpiece 3, such as the middle position of a mandrel type part, can be subjected to heat treatment, the encoder 13 can be matched with a gear box or a lead screw to directly measure the rotary displacement and the linear displacement of the workpiece and feed the rotary displacement and the linear displacement back to the pulse laser and the focusing head 1, and specific positions of the workpiece are subjected to heat treatment.
The pulse laser and the focusing head 1 are used for coating metal powder on the surface of a heating area of a workpiece 3 and performing processes such as laser alloying or laser cladding. . If no powder is added while the laser pulse is heated, spot laser quenching or fusing is formed, if a small amount of alloy powder is added, an alloyed spot is formed on the surface, and if proper metal powder is added, a laser cladding area can be formed.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3-5:
the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that a pulse laser is not directly used, but a continuous laser modulated by an external mechanical switch is used in conjunction with a focusing head to convert a continuous laser 14 into a pulse laser 15, and the other parts are the same as those in embodiment 1 and are not described again here;
the utility model provides a high-speed laser dot heat treatment device, which comprises a continuous laser modulated by an external mechanical switch, and is used for carrying out surface heat treatment on a workpiece 3, wherein the continuous laser modulated by the external mechanical switch outputs high-speed laser with the laser pulse width less than 0.1 second and irradiates the workpiece 3, and the pulse duty ratio is 10-50 percent variable; the focusing head is positioned on the outlet side of the continuous laser modulated by the external mechanical switch and used for focusing the laser emitted by the continuous laser; the mounting seat 4 is used for mounting a continuous laser and a focusing head which are modulated by an external mechanical switch; and the workbench 5 is used for fixing the workpiece 3 and controlling the workpiece 3 to move.
The pulse duty ratio of the continuous laser modulated by the external mechanical switch and the focusing head 2 is variable from 10% to 50%. The pulse form is a pulse with repetition frequency, when the duty ratio is less than or equal to 50%, before the next laser pulse comes, the workpiece 3 has been moved to the next position by continuous movement, so that the area irradiated by the next laser pulse is automatically separated from the heat treatment area formed by the previous pulse, the pulse heat operation is repeatedly carried out, a plurality of laser pulses are adopted, periodic laser heat treatment spots 9 can be formed on the surface of the material, and when the heat treatment spots 9 effectively cover the surface of the material, the purpose of laser heat treatment on the surface is achieved.
The external mechanical switch is a mechanical chopper disk 6, a mechanical polygon mirror 7 or a mechanical deflection mirror 8, which is used to modulate the continuous laser light 14 into pulsed laser light 15. The rotating shaft of the mechanical optical chopping disk 6 is parallel to the irradiation direction of the continuous laser 14, light through holes 601 are uniformly formed in the mechanical optical chopping disk, the light through holes 601 are located on the same circumference, the rotating shaft of the mechanical polygon mirror 7 is perpendicular to the irradiation direction of the continuous laser, the mechanical polygon mirror 7 is used for reflecting the continuous laser, at least two receiving mirrors 16 are arranged on one side of the mechanical polygon mirror 7, the receiving mirrors 16 are used for receiving the continuous laser reflected by the mechanical polygon mirror 7, the fixing shaft of the mechanical deflection mirror 8 is perpendicular to the irradiation direction of the continuous laser, two receiving mirrors 16 are arranged on one side of the mechanical deflection mirror 8, and the receiving mirrors 16 are used for receiving the continuous laser reflected by the mechanical deflection mirror 8.
These mechanical switches are mainly based on periodic mechanical movements. In fig. 3, the continuous laser beam directly passes through a rotating optical disk chopper, the discontinuous light-passing hole 601 cuts the continuous laser beam into pulse trains, and the laser in the light-passing area is reflected to a reflector on one side and then forms a pulse laser after being reflected; in fig. 4, the continuously rotating polygon mirror repeatedly scans the continuous laser beam irradiated on the polygon mirror within a certain angle range in the rotating process, and two or more receiving mirrors 16 are disposed on the scanning path, so that when the reflected light is irradiated on each receiving mirror 16, a pulse is delivered to the receiving mirror 16, the continuously rotating polygon mirror delivers a series of laser pulses to each of the several receiving mirrors 16, so that one continuous laser beam is divided into a plurality of pulse laser beams, and the duty ratio of the pulse laser beams obtained by each path is reduced as the number of the divided paths is increased. Fig. 5 shows a process of forming a pulse laser by a deflection mirror, and the driving of the deflection mirror may be a motor with high-speed response, a galvanometer, or a piezoelectric ceramic, and no matter which mechanical deflection mechanism is used, it is only required that the starting speed of the deflection is as fast as possible.
When the device is used, as for embodiment 1, the pulse width tau is less than 0.1 second, so the device belongs to high-speed laser processing, when the workpiece 3 is heat-treated, the pulse laser 1 rapidly emits laser with the pulse width less than 0.1 second, and irradiates the surface of the workpiece 3, and the workpiece 3 does not stop moving, because the pulse width is small, although the workpiece 3 is in a moving state, the heat treatment spot 9 left on the surface of the workpiece 3 by the laser is still approximately round, after repeated point-shaped heat treatment, the workpiece 3 is successfully heat-treated, in addition, the device also designs that the encoder 13 is matched with the pulse laser 1, the encoder 13 is used for detecting the position of the workpiece 3, and further controlling the pulse laser 1 to heat-treat part of the workpiece 3, if the device is used, alloy powder or metal powder is simultaneously fed into the surface of the workpiece 3, the alloying treatment and the surface cladding can be simultaneously carried out on the workpiece 3;
for example 2, the difference from example 1 is in the pulse laser 1 used, and the pulse duty ratio must be less than 50%. In embodiment 2, the pulse laser is a continuous laser using an external mechanical switch, and the effect of the pulse laser is also achieved by matching the external mechanical switch, where the external mechanical switch may be a mechanical chopper disk 6, a mechanical polygon mirror 7, or a mechanical deflection mirror 8.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A high-speed laser spot heat treatment apparatus, comprising:
the pulse laser is used for carrying out surface heat treatment on a workpiece, the pulse width of output laser is less than 0.1 second, and the pulse duty ratio of the pulse laser is 10-80% variable;
the focusing head is positioned at the outlet side of the pulse laser and is used for focusing the laser emitted by the pulse laser;
the mounting seat is used for mounting the pulse laser and the focusing head;
and the workbench is used for fixing the workpiece and controlling the workpiece to move.
2. A high-speed laser spot heat treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pulse laser is a pulse laser capable of modulating pulse output by external control.
3. The high-speed laser spot heat treatment device according to claim 1, wherein a pulse duty ratio of the pulse laser is variable from 10% to 50%.
4. The high-speed laser spot heat treatment device according to claim 3, wherein the pulse laser is a continuous laser modulated by an external mechanical switch.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the external mechanical switch is a mechanical disk, a mechanical polygon mirror or a mechanical deflection mirror, the mechanical disk is uniformly provided with light-passing holes for passing the laser, the mechanical polygon mirror is provided with at least two receiving mirrors at the rear, the mechanical deflection mirror is provided with two receiving mirrors at the rear, and the receiving mirrors are used for passing the laser reflected by the mechanical polygon mirror or the mechanical deflection mirror.
6. A high-speed laser spot heat treatment device according to claim 2 or 5, wherein the mounting base is a mechanical arm or a sliding guide, and the heat treatment spot formed by the irradiation of the pulse laser on the workpiece is a spot circle or an ellipse.
7. The high-speed laser spot heat treatment device according to claim 6, wherein the focusing head comprises a spherical focusing mirror for generating a circular laser focusing spot, and the heat treatment spot formed on the workpiece by the circular laser focusing spot is a spot circle.
8. The high-speed laser spot heat treatment device according to claim 6, wherein the focusing head further comprises an X-direction cylindrical mirror and a Y-direction cylindrical mirror with different heights, and the X-direction cylindrical mirror and the Y-direction cylindrical mirror are used for precisely adjusting the length of the long axis and the length of the short axis of the laser focusing spot.
9. The high-speed laser spot heat treatment device according to claim 6, wherein the workpiece is a revolving workpiece and rotates at a high speed, the pulse laser moves along an axial direction of the workpiece, an encoder is connected to an end of the workpiece, the encoder is used for detecting displacement of the workpiece, a signal output end of the encoder is connected to a control system of the pulse laser, and the control system is used for controlling starting and stopping of the pulse laser and laser pulse width.
10. The high-speed laser spot heat treatment device according to claim 1, wherein a heat treatment position of the workpiece by the pulse laser is coated with metal powder, and the metal powder is used for laser alloying or laser cladding.
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| CN112522478A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-03-19 | 安阳睿恒数控机床股份有限公司 | High-speed laser point-shaped heat treatment device |
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