CN213985472U - Point-contact wearable pressure sensor - Google Patents
Point-contact wearable pressure sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN213985472U CN213985472U CN202022848142.7U CN202022848142U CN213985472U CN 213985472 U CN213985472 U CN 213985472U CN 202022848142 U CN202022848142 U CN 202022848142U CN 213985472 U CN213985472 U CN 213985472U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a wearable pressure sensor of point contact formula, first electrically conductive yarn and the electrically conductive yarn of second including intercrossing distribution to and be used for gathering the acquisition circuit of the cross point department's signal of telecommunication of first electrically conductive yarn and the electrically conductive yarn of second. A dielectric layer is arranged between the first electrode of the first conductive yarn and the second electrode of the second conductive yarn at the cross point, and the resistivity difference between the dielectric layer and the first electrode and the resistivity difference between the dielectric layer and the second electrode are both larger than 0.1 omega-m. When the intersection is stimulated by pressure, the detection of pressure sensing is realized by collecting the electric signals at the intersection. The pressure sensor takes the cross point of the yarn as a pressure sensing area, micro-nano sensing can be realized, and the pressure sensing sensitivity is obviously improved. The utility model provides a pressure sensor can be integrated with it on the fabric surface through the mode of embroidering, be convenient for integrated, dismantle and damage the restoration after, can design into various embroidery decorative patterns with it moreover, realize pressure sensing when increasing the pleasing to the eye degree of fabric.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flexible wearable electronic devices, in particular to a point contact type wearable pressure sensor.
Background
The intelligent textile is a textile with high integration of electronic technology and fabric, and has the functions of monitoring, information processing, communication and the like besides maintaining the basic functions of the traditional textile, so that the intelligent textile has wide application prospects in the fields of military, aerospace, medical care, leisure entertainment and the like. The intelligent textile generally comprises a sensor, an actuator, data processing, communication, a power supply and the like; the sensor is the key for realizing interaction between a human body and the outside by intelligent textiles, and the sensor is required to have the characteristics of good flexibility, high sensitivity, quick response and the like.
At present, the traditional integration mode of fabric pressure sensor is mostly through regarding the sensitive electrically conductive yarn of pressure as warp or woof, sets up with fabric integrated into one piece, takes place the ascending deformation in thickness direction when receiving pressure stimulation through the fabric for its resistance changes, through detecting the ascending signal of telecommunication in fabric thickness direction, realizes pressure sensing's detection. The integration mode has the problems of low pressure sensing sensitivity, low flexibility and wearing comfort of the fabric, complex integration, inconvenience in disassembly and maintenance, high preparation cost and energy consumption and low practicability.
In view of the above, there is a need to design an improved wearable pressure sensor to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a point contact type wearable pressure sensor which comprises a first conductive yarn and a second conductive yarn which are distributed in a cross mode. A dielectric layer is arranged between the first electrode of the first conductive yarn and the second electrode of the second conductive yarn at the cross point, and the resistivity difference between the dielectric layer and the first electrode and the resistivity difference between the dielectric layer and the second electrode are both larger than 0.1 omega-m. When the intersection is stimulated by pressure, the detection of pressure sensing is realized by collecting the electric signals at the intersection. The pressure sensor takes the cross point of the yarn as a pressure sensing area, can realize micro-nano sensing, and has high pressure sensing sensitivity. The composite material is integrated on the surface of the fabric, so that the preparation, the disassembly and the repair after the damage are convenient.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a point contact type wearable pressure sensor, which includes a first conductive yarn and a second conductive yarn that are distributed in a cross manner, and an acquisition circuit for acquiring electrical signals at the cross point of the first conductive yarn and the second conductive yarn; a dielectric layer is arranged between the first electrode of the first conductive yarn and the second electrode of the second conductive yarn at the intersection, and the resistivity difference between the dielectric layer and the first electrode and the resistivity difference between the dielectric layer and the second electrode are both larger than 0.1 omega-m; when the intersection is stimulated by pressure, the detection of pressure sensing is realized by collecting the electric signals at the intersection.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the first conductive yarn and/or the second conductive yarn is a core spun yarn, a covering yarn or a sheath-core fiber; the core layer of the core-spun yarn, the covering yarn or the sheath-core fiber is a first electrode or a second electrode, and the sheath layer comprises the dielectric layer.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the first conductive yarn and the second conductive yarn have a plurality of intersections, and the point-contact wearable pressure sensor is capable of acquiring position information of each of the intersections.
As a further improvement of the invention, the point contact type wearable pressure sensor acquires the position information of each intersection point through row-column scanning.
As a further development of the invention, the dielectric layer comprises an elastomeric polymer matrix and a conductive substance.
As a further development of the invention, the elastic polymer matrix comprises at least two elastic polymer matrices having different compression moduli.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the electrode includes, but is not limited to, a metal electrode, an inorganic electrode, an organic electrode or a composite electrode;
the conductive substance includes, but is not limited to, inorganic, organic or metal conductive substances; the inorganic conductive substance includes but is not limited to one or more of graphite fiber, carbon fiber, silicon fiber and carbon nanotube fiber, and the organic conductive substance includes but is not limited to polyacetylene, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyaniline, PEDOT: PSS, the metal conductive substance comprises one or more of metal nano particles, metal nano wires/sheets, liquid metal, metal oxide powder and conductive titanium dioxide.
As a further improvement of the invention, the point contact type wearable pressure sensor also comprises a flexible substrate, and the first conductive yarns and the second conductive yarns which are distributed in an intersecting mode are integrated in the interior or on the surface of the flexible substrate.
As a further improvement of the invention, the first conductive yarns and the second conductive yarns which are distributed in an intersecting manner are integrated on the surface of the flexible substrate.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the first conductive yarns and the second conductive yarns distributed in a mutually crossing manner are integrated on the surface of the flexible substrate by means of embroidery;
or, the point contact type wearable pressure sensor further comprises fixing yarns for fixing the first conductive yarns and the second conductive yarns which are distributed in a mutually crossed manner on the surface of the flexible substrate according to a preset pattern, and the first conductive yarns and the second conductive yarns are only distributed on one side of the flexible substrate.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a point contact type wearable pressure sensor which comprises a first conductive yarn and a second conductive yarn which are distributed in a mutually crossed mode, wherein a first electrode, a second electrode and a dielectric layer arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged at the crossed point, so that a resistance gradient is formed between the two electrodes. When the intersection point is stimulated by pressure, the distance between the two electrodes changes, so that the resistance of the electrodes changes, and at the moment, the pressure sensing detection can be realized by collecting the electric signals at the intersection point. According to the arrangement, a point-contact wearable pressure sensor can be constructed through the cross points of the yarns, integration on the fabric is facilitated, each cross point can form an independent pressure sensing area, micro-nano sensing can be achieved, and the pressure sensing sensitivity and the pressure response range are remarkably improved.
2. According to the point contact type wearable pressure sensor provided by the invention, the plurality of cross points are arranged, so that a plurality of pressure sensing sites can be constructed, an acquisition circuit is arranged at the end points of the first conductive yarn and the second conductive yarn, the acquisition circuit and each cross point can form a conductive path, an electric signal at each cross point is acquired, and the pressure at the corresponding position can be detected by the aid of the position information of the cross points. By the operation, the performance such as the measuring range of the pressure sensing can be adjusted by adjusting the number of the cross points; has high controllability, and is convenient for large-scale preparation and use.
3. According to the point contact type wearable pressure sensor provided by the invention, the first conductive yarn and the second conductive yarn are preferably core-spun yarns, cladding yarns or skin-core fibers with the core layers being electrodes and the skin layers being dielectric layers, and the pressure sensing performance of the pressure sensor obtained by the structure is more stable, and high integration can be realized. When the first conductive yarn and the second conductive yarn are skin-core fibers with a core layer as an electrode and a skin layer as a dielectric layer, a pressure sensor (such as a nano-scale skin-core fiber) with a smaller scale (currently, 1 unit point can be basically distributed per square centimeter, and the precision of 10 or more unit points distributed per square centimeter can be realized by optimizing the structure) can be constructed, so that higher-precision pressure sensing is realized; the pressure sensing performance can also be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the dielectric layer.
4. The point contact type wearable pressure sensor provided by the invention can integrate the first conductive yarns and the second conductive yarns which are distributed in a cross mode with each other on the surface of the flexible substrate. By the arrangement, the pressure sensor can be integrated on the surface of any fabric, the requirement on the type of the fabric is lower, the applicability is higher, and compared with the existing sensor and fabric integrated forming arrangement, the pressure sensor is more convenient to integrate, and the wearing comfort of the fabric cannot be influenced. In addition, the first conductive yarns and the second conductive yarns which are distributed in a cross mode can be fixed on the surface of the flexible substrate by adopting fixing yarns according to a preset pattern, and the first conductive yarns and the second conductive yarns are distributed on one side of the flexible substrate. By the operation, the fabric attractiveness is improved, pressure sensing is realized, the first conductive yarns and the second conductive yarns are distributed on the same side of the flexible substrate in a whole manner, and the first conductive yarns and the second conductive yarns are not required to be sewn and bent, so that the good sensing performance of the first conductive yarns and the second conductive yarns is kept. Since the flexible substrate is prepared separately, the integration and cleaning, the disassembly after the integration, the repair after the damage, and the like are facilitated, and the fabric itself is not affected.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a point-contact wearable pressure sensor according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a point contact wearable pressure sensor according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a structure at the intersection point in the view direction A1-A2 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of another structure at the intersection point in the view from the direction A1-A2 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of one integration of the point-contact wearable pressure sensor of the present invention in a fabric;
fig. 6 a is a data diagram of the relative current change of a single pressure point under a pressure state in the embodiment 1; b is a graph of relative current change in single compression and extension of the sensing point versus response time; c. d is the running state of the sensing point under 5000 cycles respectively;
FIG. 7 is a model diagram of an array of the insole style made by embroidery of the sensor with 4 crossing sensing points of example 2;
reference numerals
In the figure, 10 — first conductive yarn; 11-a first electrode; 12-a first dielectric layer; 20-a second conductive yarn; 21-a second electrode; 22-a second dielectric layer; 30-a dielectric layer; 40-fixing the yarns.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the structures and/or processing steps closely related to the scheme of the present invention are shown in the specific embodiments, and other details not closely related to the present invention are omitted.
In addition, it is also to be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the point contact type wearable pressure sensor provided by the present invention includes a first conductive yarn 10 and a second conductive yarn 20 that are distributed to cross each other, and a collecting circuit for collecting an electrical signal at a crossing point of the first conductive yarn 10 and the second conductive yarn 20. A dielectric layer 30 is provided between the first electrode of the first conductive yarn and the second electrode of the second conductive yarn at said intersection, said dielectric layer 30 having a resistivity difference with respect to said first electrode and said second electrode of more than 0.1 Ω · m, preferably more than 100 Ω · m, more preferably more than 1000 Ω · m, in order to create a resistance gradient between the two electrodes. When the intersection is stimulated by pressure, the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode changes, so that the resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode changes, and the pressure sensing detection can be realized by collecting the electric signals at the intersection.
By adopting the technical scheme, the point-contact wearable pressure sensor can be constructed through the cross points of the yarns, the integration on the fabric is facilitated, the independent pressure sensing area can be formed at each cross point, the micro-nano sensing can be realized, and the pressure sensing sensitivity and the pressure response range are remarkably improved.
Referring to fig. 2, in some embodiments, the first conductive yarn 10 and the second conductive yarn 20 have a plurality of intersections, and the point-contact wearable pressure sensor can acquire position information of each intersection. The position information of each intersection point can be obtained by line-row scanning, infrared imaging, equivalent model building, gyroscope and the like. The pressure sensing points are constructed by arranging a plurality of cross points, and at the moment, only one acquisition circuit is arranged at the end points of the first conductive yarn 10 and the second conductive yarn 20, so that the acquisition circuit and each cross point form a conductive path, an electric signal at each cross point can be acquired, and the pressure at the corresponding position can be detected by assisting the position information of the cross point. The performance such as the measuring range of the pressure sensing can be adjusted by adjusting the number of the cross points.
Preferably, the point-contact wearable pressure sensor acquires the position information of each intersection point through row-column scanning. The integrated circuit has one control center, multipath collector, which controls the conduction of specific point and records the data value of the point. Since the current speed is very fast (close to the speed of light), all cross points can default to the on state whenever. When pressure is applied to a certain point or points, the electric signals of the points are changed, so that the position information and the pressure change information of the point are recorded.
Referring to fig. 3, in some embodiments, the first conductive yarn 10 and the second conductive yarn 20 are two electrode layers, and the surface of the first conductive yarn 10 and/or the second conductive yarn 20 may be modified by coating with a dielectric layer 30 to realize a barrier between the two electrodes.
Referring to fig. 4, in some embodiments, the first conductive yarn 10 and/or the second conductive yarn 20 is a core spun yarn, a covered yarn, or a sheath-core fiber; the core layer of the core spun yarn, the covering yarn or the sheath-core fiber is an electrode, and the sheath layer comprises the dielectric layer 30. For example: the first conductive yarn 10 is a core-spun yarn, a covering yarn or a sheath-core fiber with a core layer as a first electrode 11 and a sheath layer as a first dielectric layer 12, and at this time, the second conductive yarn may be a common conductive yarn to form an electrode, or a core-spun yarn, a covering yarn or a sheath-core fiber with a core layer as a second electrode 21 and a sheath layer as a second dielectric layer 22. The first conductive yarn 10 and the second conductive yarn 20 are preferably both core spun yarns or sheath-core fibers with the core layer being an electrode and the sheath layer being a dielectric layer. When the first conductive yarn 10 and the second conductive yarn 20 are skin-core fibers with a core layer as an electrode and a skin layer as a dielectric layer, a pressure sensor with a smaller scale can be constructed, and pressure sensing with higher precision is realized. The pressure sensing performance can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the dielectric.
In particular, the dielectric layer 30 includes an elastomeric polymer matrix and a conductive substance. The elastic polymer matrix is selected from polyurethane, aliphatic-aromatic copolyester or polyolefin elastomer. The compounding mode of the conductive substance and the elastic polymer matrix comprises the following steps: blending and spinning to form composite fibers, blending and spinning to form blended yarns or impregnating or coating conductive substances on the surface of fibers or yarns formed by an elastic polymer matrix. Preferably, the cross section of the fiber and/or yarn is a profiled cross section for expanding the pressure range of the pressure sensing yarn.
Preferably, the elastomeric polymer matrix comprises at least two elastomeric polymer matrices having different compression moduli. Through the compounding of polymers with different compression moduli or the construction of profiled fibers, the pressure sensing yarn can respond in different pressure ranges, and the pressure sensing range is enlarged.
The electrode includes, but is not limited to, a metal electrode, an inorganic electrode, an organic electrode, or a composite electrode. Resistivity of the electrodeGenerally less than 10-5Ω · m, e.g. silver, resistivity of 1.65 × 10-8Omega. m, copper resistivity of 1.75X 10-8Omega. m, gold resistivity of 2.40X 10-8Omega.m, the resistivity of graphite is (8-13) x 10-6Ω·m。
The conductive substance includes, but is not limited to, inorganic, organic or metal conductive substances; the inorganic conductive substance includes but is not limited to one or more of graphite fiber, carbon fiber, silicon fiber and carbon nanotube fiber, and the organic conductive substance includes but is not limited to polyacetylene, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyaniline, PEDOT: PSS, the metal conductive substance comprises one or more of metal nano particles, metal nano wires/sheets, liquid metal, metal oxide powder and conductive titanium dioxide.
Referring to fig. 5, in particular, in some embodiments, the point-contact wearable pressure sensor provided by the present invention further includes a flexible substrate, and the first conductive yarn 10 and the second conductive yarn 20 distributed in an intersecting manner are integrated inside or on the surface of the flexible substrate, so as to obtain a smart sensor fabric. The flexible substrate is a fabric or a non-woven fabric.
Preferably, the first conductive yarns 10 and the second conductive yarns 20 distributed in a mutually crossing manner are integrated on the surface of the flexible substrate. Namely, the first conductive yarns 10 and the second conductive yarns 20 which are distributed in a mutually crossed mode are fixed on the surface of the flexible substrate on the surface of the fabric which is formed by weaving. By the arrangement, the pressure sensor can be integrated on the surface of any fabric, the requirement on the type of the fabric is lower, the applicability is higher, and compared with the existing sensor and fabric integrated forming arrangement, the pressure sensor is more convenient to integrate, and the wearing comfort of the fabric cannot be influenced.
In some embodiments, the first conductive yarn 10 and the second conductive yarn 20 distributed in a crossing manner are integrated on the surface of the flexible substrate by means of embroidery.
Referring to fig. 5, in other embodiments, the point contact type wearable pressure sensor further includes fixing yarns 40 for fixing the first conductive yarns 10 and the second conductive yarns 20, which are distributed to cross each other, to the surface of the flexible substrate according to a predetermined pattern, and the first conductive yarns 10 and the second conductive yarns 20 are distributed only on one side of the flexible substrate. Wherein, the fixed yarn is an insulating yarn to prevent short circuit.
By the operation, the fabric aesthetic degree is increased, meanwhile, the pressure sensing is realized, and the first conductive yarn 10 and the second conductive yarn 20 are distributed on the same side of the flexible substrate in a whole manner without sewing and bending, so that the good sensing performance of the first conductive yarn 10 and the second conductive yarn 20 is maintained. The flexible substrate is prepared separately, so that the integration and cleaning, the disassembly after the integration and the repair after the damage are convenient, and the fabric can not be influenced.
Example 1
A point contact type wearable pressure sensor comprises a flexible substrate (particularly a relatively soft terylene twill fabric), first conductive yarns 10 and second conductive yarns 20 which are integrated on the surface of the flexible terylene twill fabric substrate through fixing yarns (particularly terylene yarns with denier of 130 and smooth surface), wherein the first conductive yarns and the second conductive yarns are distributed in a mutually crossed mode, and an acquisition circuit is used for acquiring electric signals at the crossed points of the first conductive yarns 10 and the second conductive yarns 20.
Wherein the first conductive yarn 10 is a core spun yarn, specifically a stainless steel wire with a core layer of multiple denier 40 (as an electrode, with a resistivity of about 0.25 x 10)-6～0.85×10-6Ω · m) and a sheath of a composite yarn of carbon black and polyester (resistivity of about 0.58 × 10)6Ω · m) is formed by core-wrapping with 50 twists per 10cm by a core-wrapping machine. The second conductive yarn 20 is the same type of yarn as the first conductive yarn.
The number of the crossing points of the first conductive yarn 10 and the second conductive yarn 20 on the surface of the flexible substrate is 1.
Referring to fig. 6, a in fig. 6 is the relative current variation data of a single pressure point under pressure, and as can be seen from a in the figure, the relative current variation of the sensing point is as high as 2500% in the interval of 0-15kPa, and the curve is relatively gentle but still has a significant variation in the interval of 15-50 kPa. b is the relative current change in single compression and extension of the sensing point, the response time is 0.95s, and the response time range of the common sensor is obtained. The pressure sensor manufactured by the invention has good response sensitivity. c. d respectively show the operating states of the sensing point under 5000 cycles, and as can be seen from the figure, the device has excellent operating states, which indicates that the device has good cycle stability and long service life.
Example 2
A point contact type wearable pressure sensor is different from the embodiment 1 in that the number of the crossing points of the first conductive yarn 10 and the second conductive yarn 20 on the surface of the flexible substrate is 4, and the array can acquire the position information of each crossing point through line and row scanning, and is made into the shape of an insole. The rest is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, and will not be described herein.
Referring to fig. 7, an array model of insole style is made by embroidery with 4 cross point sensors. In the embodiment, two conductive core-spun yarns are integrated on the surface of the insole, and the sensing detection of the foot pressure can be realized by acquiring signals at the intersection of the two yarns. The integration is more convenient, and the cross sensing point is visible, is convenient for observe, adjust and detect during the in-service use, when breaking down, also is convenient for inspect and restore, and yarn itself is thin and soft, can not cause uncomfortable sense to the foot.
In summary, the point contact type wearable pressure sensor provided by the invention includes the first conductive yarn 10 and the second conductive yarn 20 which are distributed in a mutually crossing manner, and an acquisition circuit for acquiring electrical signals at the crossing points of the first conductive yarn 10 and the second conductive yarn 20. The intersections include a first electrode, a second electrode, and a dielectric layer 30 disposed between the first and second electrodes such that a resistance gradient is formed at the intersections. When the crossing point is stimulated by pressure, the pressure sensing detection is realized by collecting the electric signals at the two ends of the first conductive yarn 10 and the second conductive yarn 20. The pressure sensor takes the cross point of the yarn as a pressure sensing area, micro-nano sensing can be realized, and the pressure sensing sensitivity is obviously improved. The pressure sensor provided by the invention can be integrated on the surface of the fabric in an embroidery mode, so that the integration, the disassembly and the repair after damage are convenient, and the pressure sensor can be designed into various embroidery patterns, thereby realizing the pressure sensing while increasing the aesthetic degree of the fabric.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The point contact type wearable pressure sensor is characterized by comprising a first conductive yarn, a second conductive yarn and an acquisition circuit, wherein the first conductive yarn and the second conductive yarn are distributed in a mutually crossed manner, and the acquisition circuit is used for acquiring electric signals at the crossed points of the first conductive yarn and the second conductive yarn; a dielectric layer is arranged between the first electrode of the first conductive yarn and the second electrode of the second conductive yarn at the intersection, and the resistivity difference between the dielectric layer and the first electrode and the resistivity difference between the dielectric layer and the second electrode are both larger than 0.1 omega-m; when the intersection is stimulated by pressure, the detection of pressure sensing is realized by collecting the electric signals at the intersection.
2. The point contact wearable pressure sensor of claim 1, wherein the first and/or second conductive yarn is a core spun yarn, a covered yarn, or a sheath-core fiber; the core layer of the core-spun yarn, the covering yarn or the sheath-core fiber is a first electrode or a second electrode, and the sheath layer comprises the dielectric layer.
3. The point contact wearable pressure sensor of claim 1, wherein the first conductive yarn and the second conductive yarn have a plurality of intersections, and wherein the point contact wearable pressure sensor is capable of collecting positional information for each of the intersections.
4. The point contact wearable pressure sensor of claim 3, wherein the point contact wearable pressure sensor collects position information for each intersection by a row-column scan.
5. The point contact wearable pressure sensor of claim 2, wherein the dielectric layer comprises an elastic polymer matrix and a conductive substance.
6. The point-contact wearable pressure sensor of claim 5, wherein the electrode is a metal electrode, an inorganic electrode, an organic electrode, or a composite electrode.
7. The point contact wearable pressure sensor of any of claims 1-6, further comprising a flexible substrate, wherein the first and second conductive yarns are integrated within or on a surface of the flexible substrate.
8. The point contact wearable pressure sensor of claim 7, wherein the interdigitated first and second conductive yarns are integrated on a surface of the flexible substrate.
9. The point contact wearable pressure sensor of claim 8, wherein the first and second conductive yarns are embroidered onto the surface of the flexible substrate;
or, the point contact type wearable pressure sensor further comprises fixing yarns for fixing the first conductive yarns and the second conductive yarns which are distributed in a mutually crossed manner on the surface of the flexible substrate according to a preset pattern, and the first conductive yarns and the second conductive yarns are only distributed on one side of the flexible substrate.
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