CN213937559U - Halbach array square motor - Google Patents
Halbach array square motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN213937559U CN213937559U CN202120023387.8U CN202120023387U CN213937559U CN 213937559 U CN213937559 U CN 213937559U CN 202120023387 U CN202120023387 U CN 202120023387U CN 213937559 U CN213937559 U CN 213937559U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a Halbach array square motor, including stator and the rotor that is located stator inside, the stator includes that the radial cross-section outline is square shell, the outer wall four corners department of shell is by the arc surface transition, has laid the permanent magnet that Halbach array constitutes along the inner wall of shell, the permanent magnet includes the angle magnet that is located shell inner wall four corners department, and the both ends of each angle magnet are all hugged closely and are had a limit magnet; the magnetic field direction inside the corner magnets is along the radial direction of the rotor, and the magnetic field direction inside the side magnets is along the tangential direction of the rotor; the magnetic poles of any two adjacent angle magnets are arranged in opposite directions, the magnetic pole direction of any one edge magnet and the magnetic pole direction of the angle magnet which is attached to the edge magnet form an obtuse angle. The utility model has the advantages of can effectively reduce magnetic field harmonic content, improve output torque, increase motor power density.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a square motor, especially a Halbach array square motor.
Background
The traditional permanent magnet motor has a cylindrical shell in the internal structure when viewed from the direction of a rotating shaft, a rotor and a permanent magnet fixed on the inner surface of the shell are arranged in the shell, the motor with the structure is easy to generate magnetic leakage, is easy to roll in the transportation and installation processes, and is gradually replaced by a square motor in certain occasions; the motor is one of the most important parts of a plurality of mechanical devices, and is closely related to whether the devices can smoothly, accurately and reliably operate. The Halbach type permanent magnet array concept is firstly proposed by the Klaus Halbach professor in the 80 th of the 20 th century, the characteristic of single-side magnetism gathering of the structure is found, and the Halbach permanent magnet motor has the advantages of small size, wide speed regulation range, large starting torque and the like, which are commonly lacking in the existing square motor. Therefore, the development of the Halbach type permanent magnet array square motor is a great development direction with great value and significance at present.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a Halbach array square motor. The magnetic field harmonic generator has the advantages of effectively reducing the content of magnetic field harmonic waves, improving the output torque and increasing the power density of the motor.
The technical scheme of the utility model: a Halbach array square motor comprises a stator and a rotor positioned in the stator, wherein the stator comprises a shell with a square radial cross section outline, four corners of the outer wall of the shell are respectively transited by arc surfaces, permanent magnets consisting of Halbach arrays are distributed along the inner wall of the shell, each permanent magnet comprises angle magnets positioned at the four corners of the inner wall of the shell, and two ends of each angle magnet are tightly attached with a side magnet; the magnetic field direction inside the corner magnets is along the radial direction of the rotor, and the magnetic field direction inside the side magnets is along the tangential direction of the rotor; the magnetic poles of any two adjacent angle magnets are arranged in opposite directions, the magnetic pole direction of any one edge magnet and the magnetic pole direction of the angle magnet which is attached to the edge magnet form an obtuse angle.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the permanent magnet composed of the Halbach array is distributed on the inner wall of the shell of the square motor to reduce the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic field. Specifically, the permanent magnet comprises angle magnets positioned at four corners, two ends of each angle magnet are tightly attached with a side magnet, the internal space of the stator is reasonably utilized, and the Halbach array is formed by arranging magnetic poles of the angle magnets and the side magnets. Specifically, the magnetic field direction rule of each magnet in the permanent magnet is as follows: the magnetic poles of any two adjacent angle magnets are arranged in opposite directions, the magnetic pole direction of any one side magnet and the magnetic pole direction of the angle magnet attached to the side magnet form an obtuse angle, so that each angle magnet and the two side magnets attached to the angle magnet form a magnet unit, and under the arrangement mode, the permanent magnet can generate a strongest magnetic field under the condition of using the same magnet quantity, so that the output torque of the motor is improved, and the power density of the motor is increased.
In the Halbach array square motor, the four corners of the inner wall of the housing are all transited by arc surfaces, the surfaces of the permanent magnet opposite to the rotor are all arc surfaces, and a cylindrical rotor accommodating space is formed inside the housing after the permanent magnet is assembled.
Alternatively, the four corners of the inner wall of the shell are all transited by arc surfaces, the surfaces of the permanent magnets, which are opposite to the rotor, are both planes, and an octagonal prism-shaped rotor accommodating space is formed inside the shell after the permanent magnets are assembled.
Alternatively, four corners of the inner wall of the shell are in plane transition, the surfaces of the permanent magnets, which are opposite to the rotor, are both planes, and an octagonal prism-shaped rotor accommodating space is formed inside the shell after the permanent magnets are assembled.
In the aforementioned Halbach array square motor, the corner magnets are attached to the arc surfaces at the four corners of the inner wall of the housing, and the side magnets are attached to the plane of the inner wall of the housing.
Alternatively, the corner magnets are attached to the planes at the four corners of the inner wall of the shell, and the side magnets are attached to the planes of the inner wall of the shell.
In the Halbach array square motor, the arc surfaces at the four corners of the inner wall and the outer wall of the housing form an arc with a central angle of 90 degrees in the radial section of the rotor.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cross section of a square motor in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of magnetic lines of force of a square motor in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a cross section of a square motor in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of magnetic lines of force of a square motor in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a cross section of a square motor in embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of magnetic lines of force of a square motor according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-stator, 2-rotor, 4-armature winding, 11-housing, 12-permanent magnet, 121-angle magnet, 122-edge magnet, 123-gap.
Detailed Description
The following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Example 1: a Halbach array square motor is shown in figure 1 in structure and comprises a stator 1 and a rotor 2 positioned inside the stator 1, wherein the stator 1 comprises a shell 11 with a square radial cross section outline, the four corners of the outer wall of the shell 11 are both transited by arc surfaces, permanent magnets 12 consisting of Halbach arrays are distributed along the inner wall of the shell 11 to reduce the harmonic content of an air gap magnetic field, each permanent magnet 12 comprises angle magnets 121 positioned at the four corners of the inner wall of the shell 11, two ends of each angle magnet 121 are respectively tightly attached with a side magnet 122, the magnetic field direction inside each angle magnet 121 is along the radial direction of the rotor 2, and the magnetic field direction inside each side magnet 122 is along the tangential direction of the rotor 2; the magnetic poles of any two adjacent corner magnets 121 are arranged in opposite directions, and the angle between the magnetic pole direction of any one side magnet 122 and the magnetic pole direction of the corner magnet 121 to which it is closely attached is an obtuse angle, and preferably, the angle between the two directions is 135 °.
Because two ends of each corner magnet 121 are tightly attached with one side magnet 122, two side magnets 122 are arranged between any two adjacent corner magnets 121, a gap 123 is reserved between the two side magnets 122, and when the permanent magnets 12 are bonded, the gap 123 is arranged to facilitate the extrusion and permeation of glue.
The arrows in fig. 1 point to the magnetic field direction inside each magnet, the corner magnet 121 is a main magnet, the side magnet 122 is an auxiliary magnet, and the internal magnetic field directions of the corner magnet 121 and the side magnet 122 satisfy the law: the internal magnetic field directions of one pair of diagonal corner magnets 121 point to the central position of the rotor 2, the internal magnetic field directions of the other pair of diagonal corner magnets 121 are away from the central position of the rotor 2, and the internal magnetic field directions of all side magnets 122 are arranged at 135 ° from the magnetic pole direction of the corner magnet 121 to which they are in close contact. Finally, the distribution of magnetic lines of force in the motor shown in fig. 2 is obtained, any two adjacent corner magnets 121 and a pair of side magnets 122 between the two adjacent corner magnets form a magnetic loop, that is, the magnetic lines of force in fig. 2 form four magnetic loops, the magnetic lines of force are dense, the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic field is reduced, and the power density of the motor is high.
Alternatively, the four corners of the inner wall of the housing 11 are all transited by arc surfaces, the surfaces of the permanent magnet 12 opposite to the rotor 2 are all arc surfaces, and a cylindrical rotor accommodating space is formed inside the housing 11 after the permanent magnet 12 is assembled.
The square motor in the embodiment has the advantages that the air gap of the square motor is uniform after the cylindrical rotor accommodating space is matched with the rotor 2, the vibration and the noise of the motor during operation are small, the temperature rise of the motor is small, and the motor bearing is well protected.
Preferably, the corner magnets 121 are attached to the arc surfaces at the four corners of the inner wall of the housing 11, and the side magnets 122 are attached to the plane of the inner wall of the housing 11.
Preferably, the arc surfaces at the four corners of the inner wall and the outer wall of the housing 11 form an arc with a central angle of 90 ° in the radial section of the rotor 2.
Preferably, the surface of the permanent magnet 12 facing the rotor 2 includes four arc surfaces, that is, an arc formed by the corner magnet 121 and the two side magnets 122, and each arc surface forms an arc having a central angle of 78 ° in a radial cross section of the rotor 2.
Preferably, two sets of armature windings 4 are accommodated in each rotor 2 slot of the rotor 2.
Preferably, the wall thickness of the housing 11 is equal everywhere, facilitating the manufacture of the housing 11 while saving raw material for the housing 11.
Example 2: a Halbach array square motor is structurally shown in figure 3 and comprises a stator 1 and a rotor 2 positioned inside the stator 1, wherein the stator 1 comprises a shell 11 with a square radial cross section outline, the four corners of the outer wall of the shell 11 are both transited by arc surfaces, permanent magnets 12 consisting of Halbach arrays are distributed along the inner wall of the shell 11 to reduce the harmonic content of an air gap magnetic field, each permanent magnet 12 comprises angle magnets 121 positioned at the four corners of the inner wall of the shell 11, two ends of each angle magnet 121 are respectively and tightly attached with a side magnet 122, the magnetic field direction inside each angle magnet 121 is along the radial direction of the rotor 2, and the magnetic field direction inside each side magnet 122 is along the tangential direction of the rotor 2; the magnetic poles of any two adjacent corner magnets 121 are arranged in opposite directions, and the angle between the magnetic pole direction of any one side magnet 122 and the magnetic pole direction of the corner magnet 121 to which it is closely attached is an obtuse angle, and preferably, the angle between the two directions is 135 °.
Because two ends of each corner magnet 121 are tightly attached with one side magnet 122, two side magnets 122 are arranged between any two adjacent corner magnets 121, a gap 123 is reserved between the two side magnets 122, and when the permanent magnets 12 are bonded, the gap 123 is arranged to facilitate the extrusion and permeation of glue.
The arrows in fig. 3 point to the magnetic field direction inside each magnet, the corner magnet 121 is a main magnet, the side magnet 122 is an auxiliary magnet, and the internal magnetic field directions of the corner magnet 121 and the side magnet 122 satisfy the law: the internal magnetic field directions of one pair of diagonal corner magnets 121 point to the central position of the rotor 2, the internal magnetic field directions of the other pair of diagonal corner magnets 121 are away from the central position of the rotor 2, and the internal magnetic field directions of all side magnets 122 are arranged at 135 ° from the magnetic pole direction of the corner magnet 121 to which they are in close contact. Finally, the distribution of magnetic lines of force inside the motor shown in fig. 4 is obtained, any two adjacent corner magnets 121 and a pair of side magnets 122 between the two adjacent corner magnets form a magnetic loop, that is, the magnetic lines of force in fig. 4 form four magnetic loops, the magnetic lines of force are dense, the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic field is reduced, and the power density of the motor is high.
Alternatively, the four corners of the inner wall of the housing 11 are all transited by arc surfaces, the surfaces of the permanent magnets 12 opposite to the rotor 2 are both planes, and an octagonal prism-shaped rotor accommodating space is formed inside the housing 11 after the permanent magnets 12 are assembled.
The octagonal prism-shaped rotor accommodating space, that is, the surface of the embodiment where the angular magnet 121 and the rotor 2 face each other, is a plane, and compared with the angular magnet 121 in the embodiment 1, the angular magnet 121 in the embodiment can be processed by one arc surface less, so that the processing process is simplified, and the material of the permanent magnet 12 is reduced.
After the rotor accommodating space in the octagonal prism shape is matched with the rotor 2, the square motor in the embodiment has uneven air gaps, the uneven air gaps are beneficial to reducing the cogging torque and improving the waveform of an air gap magnetic field, the harmonic content is reduced, the torque pulsation is reduced, the output torque of the motor is improved, the loss of an iron core is reduced, and the performance of the motor is improved.
Preferably, the corner magnets 121 are attached to the arc surfaces at the four corners of the inner wall of the housing 11, and the side magnets 122 are attached to the plane of the inner wall of the housing 11.
Preferably, the arc surfaces at the four corners of the inner wall and the outer wall of the housing 11 form an arc with a central angle of 90 ° in the radial section of the rotor 2.
Preferably, two sets of armature windings 4 are accommodated in each rotor 2 slot of the rotor 2.
Preferably, the wall thickness of the housing 11 is equal everywhere, facilitating the manufacture of the housing 11 while saving raw material for the housing 11.
Example 3: a Halbach array square motor is structurally shown in figure 5 and comprises a stator 1 and a rotor 2 positioned inside the stator 1, wherein the stator 1 comprises a shell 11 with a square radial cross section outline, the four corners of the outer wall of the shell 11 are both transited by arc surfaces, permanent magnets 12 consisting of Halbach arrays are distributed along the inner wall of the shell 11 to reduce the harmonic content of an air gap magnetic field, each permanent magnet 12 comprises angle magnets 121 positioned at the four corners of the inner wall of the shell 11, two ends of each angle magnet 121 are respectively and tightly attached with a side magnet 122, the magnetic field direction inside each angle magnet 121 is along the radial direction of the rotor 2, and the magnetic field direction inside each side magnet 122 is along the tangential direction of the rotor 2; the magnetic poles of any two adjacent corner magnets 121 are arranged in opposite directions, and the angle between the magnetic pole direction of any one side magnet 122 and the magnetic pole direction of the corner magnet 121 to which it is closely attached is an obtuse angle, and preferably, the angle between the two directions is 135 °.
Because two ends of each corner magnet 121 are tightly attached with one side magnet 122, two side magnets 122 are arranged between any two adjacent corner magnets 121, a gap 123 is reserved between the two side magnets 122, and when the permanent magnets 12 are bonded, the gap 123 is arranged to facilitate the extrusion and permeation of glue.
The arrows in fig. 5 point to the magnetic field directions inside the magnets, the corner magnet 121 is a main magnet, the side magnet 122 is an auxiliary magnet, and the internal magnetic field directions of the corner magnet 121 and the side magnet 122 satisfy the law: the internal magnetic field directions of one pair of diagonal corner magnets 121 point to the central position of the rotor 2, the internal magnetic field directions of the other pair of diagonal corner magnets 121 are away from the central position of the rotor 2, and the internal magnetic field directions of all side magnets 122 are arranged at 135 ° from the magnetic pole direction of the corner magnet 121 to which they are in close contact. Finally, the distribution of magnetic lines of force inside the motor shown in fig. 6 is obtained, any two adjacent corner magnets 121 and a pair of side magnets 122 between the two adjacent corner magnets form a magnetic loop, that is, the magnetic lines of force in fig. 6 form four magnetic loops, the magnetic induction lines are dense, the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic field is reduced, and the power density of the motor is high.
Preferably, four corners of the inner wall of the housing 11 are all in plane transition, that is, compared with embodiments 1 and 2, the cross-sectional shape of the stator 1 is further improved in this embodiment, the faces of the permanent magnet 12 opposite to the rotor 2 are both planes, and after the permanent magnet 12 is assembled on the housing 11, an octagonal-prism-shaped rotor accommodating space is formed inside the housing 11, that is, the shapes of the corner magnet 121 and the side magnet 122 are both planar structures without arc surfaces, and compared with the permanent magnet 12 in embodiments 1 and 2, the permanent magnet 12 in this embodiment does not need to be processed into an arc surface, so that the processing is convenient, and the material of the permanent magnet 12 is reduced.
After the rotor accommodating space in the octagonal prism shape is matched with the rotor 2, the square motor in the embodiment has uneven air gaps, the uneven air gaps are beneficial to reducing the cogging torque and improving the waveform of an air gap magnetic field, the harmonic content is reduced, the torque pulsation is reduced, the output torque of the motor is improved, the loss of an iron core is reduced, and the performance of the motor is improved.
Preferably, the corner magnets 121 are attached to the plane of the four corners of the inner wall of the housing 11, and the side magnets 122 are attached to the plane of the inner wall of the housing 11.
Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the corner magnet 121 is an isosceles trapezoid, the cross-sectional shape of the side magnet 122 is a rectangle, and the length of the isosceles trapezoid is equal to the width of the rectangle, so that the adjacent corner magnet 121 and side magnet 122 are attached to each other.
In this embodiment, since the surface of the corner magnet 121 bonded to the inner wall of the housing 11 is a flat surface, the bonding is easier than the curved surface in embodiments 1 and 2, and a gap is less likely to occur after the bonding.
Preferably, two sets of armature windings 4 are accommodated in each rotor 2 slot of the rotor 2.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, all belong to the technical scheme of the utility model under the thought all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a Halbach array square motor, includes stator (1) and is located rotor (2) inside stator (1), stator (1) is square shell (11) including radial cross-section profile, the outer wall four corners department of shell (11) is by the transition of arc surface, its characterized in that: permanent magnets (12) composed of Halbach arrays are distributed along the inner wall of the shell (11), the permanent magnets (12) comprise angle magnets (121) positioned at four corners of the inner wall of the shell (11), and two ends of each angle magnet (121) are tightly attached with a side magnet (122); the magnetic field direction inside the angle magnet (121) is along the radial direction of the rotor (2), and the magnetic field direction inside the side magnet (122) is along the tangential direction of the rotor (2); the magnetic poles of any two adjacent angle magnets (121) are arranged oppositely, the magnetic pole direction of any one side magnet (122) and the magnetic pole direction of the angle magnet (121) which is attached to the side magnet form an obtuse angle.
2. A Halbach array square machine according to claim 1, characterised in that: the inner wall four corners department of shell (11) is by the arc surface transition, the face that is right with rotor (2) on permanent magnet (12) is the arc surface, inside formation a columniform rotor accommodation space behind shell (11) assembly permanent magnet (12).
3. A Halbach array square machine according to claim 1, characterised in that: the four corners of the inner wall of the shell (11) are all transited by arc surfaces, the surfaces of the permanent magnet (12) opposite to the rotor (2) are both planes, and an octagonal prism-shaped rotor accommodating space is formed inside the shell (11) after the permanent magnet (12) is assembled.
4. A Halbach array square machine according to claim 1, characterised in that: the four corners of the inner wall of the shell (11) are in plane transition, the surfaces of the permanent magnets (12) opposite to the rotor (2) are planes, and an octagonal prism-shaped rotor accommodating space is formed inside the shell (11) after the permanent magnets (12) are assembled.
5. A Halbach array square machine according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that: the corner magnet (121) is attached to the arc surfaces at the four corners of the inner wall of the shell (11), and the side magnet (122) is attached to the plane of the inner wall of the shell (11).
6. A Halbach array square machine according to claim 4, characterised in that: the angle magnet (121) is attached to the plane at the four corners of the inner wall of the shell (11), and the side magnet (122) is attached to the plane of the inner wall of the shell (11).
7. A Halbach array square machine according to claim 5, characterised in that: the arc surfaces at the four corners of the inner wall and the outer wall of the shell (11) are arcs with the central angle of 90 degrees in the radial section of the rotor (2).
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CN202120023387.8U CN213937559U (en) | 2021-01-06 | 2021-01-06 | Halbach array square motor |
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CN202120023387.8U CN213937559U (en) | 2021-01-06 | 2021-01-06 | Halbach array square motor |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114400801A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-26 | 杭州东博自动化科技有限公司 | Motor magnetic ring based on Halbach arrangement |
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2021
- 2021-01-06 CN CN202120023387.8U patent/CN213937559U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114400801A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-26 | 杭州东博自动化科技有限公司 | Motor magnetic ring based on Halbach arrangement |
CN114400801B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2024-08-13 | 斯美科智能制造(杭州)有限公司 | Motor magnetic ring based on Halbach arrangement |
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