CN219351384U - Halbach permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor with few rare earth combined magnetic poles - Google Patents
Halbach permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor with few rare earth combined magnetic poles Download PDFInfo
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- CN219351384U CN219351384U CN202320107685.4U CN202320107685U CN219351384U CN 219351384 U CN219351384 U CN 219351384U CN 202320107685 U CN202320107685 U CN 202320107685U CN 219351384 U CN219351384 U CN 219351384U
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Abstract
A Halbach permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor with few rare earth combined magnetic poles relates to the technical field of motors. The utility model aims to solve the problem that the existing rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor is large in rare earth permanent magnet material consumption. Each pole permanent magnet comprises m main magnets and 2n auxiliary magnets, n auxiliary magnets are respectively arranged on two sides of the m main magnets in the circumferential direction, each main magnet comprises a non-rare-earth material layer and a rare-earth neodymium-iron-boron layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside along the radial direction, and the auxiliary magnets and the non-rare-earth material layers are all non-rare-earth ferrite. The rare earth permanent magnet material has small dosage, and can effectively get rid of excessive dependence on the rare earth permanent magnet material. The motor magnetic flux density is low, the motor iron loss can be reduced, and the motor operation efficiency is high. The rotating speed regulating range of the surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor can be widened.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of motors.
Background
The rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor has the advantages of high power density, high efficiency, simple structure, easiness in speed regulation and the like, and is widely applied to various industries. However, the rare earth permanent magnet material is a non-renewable resource, and along with the development of industry, a greater demand is put forward for rare earth products, so that the supply and demand gap of the rare earth permanent magnet material is aggravated. In recent years, the price of rare earth permanent magnet materials is greatly increased, so that the manufacturing cost of the rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor is increased, wherein the cost of the rare earth permanent magnet accounts for 20% of the total cost of the rare earth permanent magnet motor. Fig. 1 shows the structure of two existing rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motors, the motor torque performance of the structure is good, but the rare earth permanent magnet consumption is large, and the motor manufacturing cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the problem of large rare earth permanent magnet material consumption of the existing rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor, and provides a Halbach permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor with few rare earth combined magnetic poles, which can fully exert the high torque density advantage of the permanent magnet synchronous motor.
A Halbach permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor with few rare earth combined magnetic poles comprises a permanent magnet and a rotor core, wherein the permanent magnet is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the rotor core in a Halbach array structure, each pole permanent magnet comprises m main magnets and 2n auxiliary magnets, wherein m and n are positive integers, n auxiliary magnets are respectively arranged on two circumferential sides of each m main magnets, each main magnet comprises a non-rare earth material layer and a rare earth neodymium iron boron layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside along the radial direction, the auxiliary magnets and the non-rare earth material layers are all non-rare earth ferrite, the magnetizing directions of m main magnets in the same pole are the same and are parallel to the radial central line of the whole m main magnets, the magnetizing directions of the main magnets in the adjacent two poles are opposite,
taking the radial central line of the whole m main magnets in any pole as a datum line, and the mWhen the magnetizing direction of the main magnet is away from the center of the rotor core, the magnetizing angle of the i-th auxiliary magnet
Satisfies the following formula:
when the radial central line of the whole m main magnets in any pole is taken as a datum line and the magnetizing direction of the m main magnetic poles faces the circle center of the rotor core, the magnetizing angle of the ith auxiliary magnet
Satisfies the following formula:
wherein p=2 is the pole pair number of the motor, i=1, 2, & gt, 4pn, 3.ltoreq.m+2n.ltoreq.6, θ i The magnetizing angle is the included angle between the radial center line of the ith auxiliary magnet and the datum line
The included angle between the magnetizing direction of the ith auxiliary magnet and the datum line is negative, and the included angle between the magnetizing direction of the ith auxiliary magnet and the datum line is positive.
Further, the whole arc length of the m main magnets in each pole is equal to the arc length of each auxiliary magnet;
or the whole arc length of the m main magnets in each pole is longer than that of each auxiliary magnet;
alternatively, the overall arc length of the m main magnets in each pole is smaller than the arc length of each auxiliary magnet.
Further, the rare earth neodymium iron boron layer comprises an outer layer arc and an inner layer arc which are radially arranged, and the arc length of the outer layer arc is larger than that of the inner layer arc.
The combined magnetic pole adopts two permanent magnetic materials of non-rare earth and rare earth, is more beneficial to improving the torque density of the motor compared with a non-rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor, and simultaneously, the Halbach array can improve the air gap magnetic flux density, combines the advantages of the two materials, and can effectively improve the electromagnetic torque of the motor. Compared with the prior art, the utility model can realize the technical improvement in the following four aspects:
(1) The rare earth permanent magnet material is less in dosage, and the excessive dependence on the rare earth permanent magnet material can be effectively eliminated.
(2) The electromagnetic torque is improved by means of the Halbach structure of the magnetic concentration and the combined magnetic poles, and the electromagnetic torque performance of the motor is good.
(3) Compared with the existing rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor, the motor adopting the rotor has low magnetic flux density, can reduce the iron loss of the motor, has high running efficiency of the motor, and fully plays the high-efficiency advantage of the permanent magnet synchronous motor.
(4) Compared with the existing surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor, the motor adopting the rotor has low permanent magnet flux linkage, and can widen the rotating speed regulating range of the surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a rotor structure of a rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor with two conventional structures, wherein (a) is a surface-mounted rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor and (b) is a rare earth Halbach permanent magnet synchronous motor;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a Halbach permanent magnet synchronous motor with few rare earth combined poles;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a Halbach permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor with few rare earth combined poles;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of magnetizing angles of the auxiliary magnet, wherein (a) indicates that the magnetizing direction of the reference line is toward the center of the rotor core, and (b) indicates that the magnetizing direction of the reference line is away from the center of the rotor core;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a Halbach permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor with few rare earth combined poles when m=2 and n=1;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a Halbach permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor with few rare earth combined poles when m=1 and n=2;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a rotor configuration with unequal radial thicknesses of the main and auxiliary magnets, wherein (a) indicates that the main magnet thickness is greater than the auxiliary magnet thickness and (b) indicates that the main magnet thickness is less than the auxiliary magnet thickness;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a rotor structure containing T-shaped main magnets.
The magnetic motor comprises a rare earth neodymium-iron-boron layer 1, an auxiliary magnet 2, a non-rare earth material layer 3, a rotor core 4, a rotating shaft 5, a stator 6 and a winding 7.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present utility model and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
The first embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 2 to 4, a Halbach permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor with few rare earth combined magnetic poles according to the present embodiment specifically described in this embodiment includes a permanent magnet and a rotor core 4, where the permanent magnet is disposed on an outer circumferential surface of the rotor core 4 in a Halbach array structure.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the pole pair number of the rotor is 2 in the present embodiment, each pole permanent magnet includes 1 main magnet and 2 auxiliary magnets 2, and the 2 auxiliary magnets 2 are located on both sides of the main magnet in the circumferential direction, respectively. The main magnet in each pole comprises a non-rare earth material layer 3 and a rare earth neodymium iron boron layer 1 which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside along the radial direction. The auxiliary magnet 2 and the non-rare earth material layer 3 are both non-rare earth ferrite.
The magnetizing direction of the main magnet is parallel to the radial central line of the main magnet, and the magnetizing directions of the main magnets in two adjacent poles are opposite.
As shown in fig. 4 (a), the radial center line of the main magnet in any one pole is used as a reference line, and the magnetizing direction of the main magnet faces the rotor ironThe magnetizing angle of the i-th auxiliary magnet 2 is the center of the core 4
Satisfies the following formula:
as shown in fig. 4 (b), when the radial center line of the main magnet in any one pole is used as a reference line and the magnetizing direction of the main magnet is opposite to the center of the rotor core 4, the magnetizing angle of the i-th auxiliary magnet 2
Satisfies the following formula:
where p=2 is the motor pole pair number, i=1, 2,.. i The magnetizing angle is the included angle between the radial center line of the ith auxiliary magnet 2 and the datum line
The included angle between the magnetizing direction of the i-th auxiliary magnet 2 and the reference line is negative, and the included angle between the magnetizing direction of the i-th auxiliary magnet and the reference line is positive.
The second embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment is specifically described with reference to fig. 5, and differs from the Halbach permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor with few rare earth combined poles according to the first embodiment in that in the present embodiment, each pole permanent magnet includes 2 main magnets and 2 auxiliary magnets 2.
The increased number of permanent magnet blocks is beneficial to improving the electromagnetic torque of the motor.
And a third specific embodiment: the present embodiment is specifically described with reference to fig. 6, and differs from the Halbach permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor with few rare earth combined poles according to the first embodiment in that in the present embodiment, each pole permanent magnet includes 1 main magnet and 4 auxiliary magnets 2.
The increased number of permanent magnet blocks is beneficial to improving the electromagnetic torque of the motor.
The specific embodiment IV is as follows: the present embodiment is further described with reference to fig. 7, which is a description of a Halbach permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor with few rare earth combined poles according to the first embodiment, in which the main magnet and the auxiliary magnet 2 have different thicknesses in the radial direction, namely: the radial thickness of the main magnet is greater or less than the radial thickness of the auxiliary magnet 2.
In the embodiment, the magnetic poles with unequal thickness combination can reduce the dosage of non-rare earth permanent magnets, further lighten the quality of the rotor and is beneficial to reducing the cost of the motor. Meanwhile, the Halbach array with the unequal-thickness combined magnetic poles is more beneficial to adjusting the sine degree of the air gap magnetic flux density waveform and reducing torque fluctuation.
Fifth embodiment: the present embodiment is further described with respect to the Halbach permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor with few rare earth combined magnetic poles according to the first embodiment, in this embodiment, the overall arc length of the main magnet in each pole is equal to or different from the arc length of each auxiliary magnet 2, and when the arc lengths are different, the overall arc length of the m main magnets in each pole is greater than or less than the arc length of each auxiliary magnet 2.
In this embodiment, the width of the main magnet and the arc length (width) of the auxiliary magnet 2 are different, so that the design is more flexible, and the width of the permanent magnet required for achieving the torque of the rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor is adjusted according to the design target of the air gap magnetic flux density. The larger the width of the main magnet is, the more favorable the improvement of the electromagnetic torque of the motor is, and meanwhile, the consumption of the rare earth permanent magnet is increased to improve the cost of the motor.
Fifth embodiment: the present embodiment is further described with reference to fig. 8, which is a specific description of a Halbach permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor with few rare earth combined magnetic poles according to the first embodiment, in this embodiment, the shape of the rare earth neodymium iron boron layer 1 is approximately T-shaped, specifically, the rare earth neodymium iron boron layer 1 includes an outer layer arc and an inner layer arc that are radially arranged, and the arc length of the outer layer arc is greater than that of the inner layer arc.
In this embodiment, the permanent magnets of the motor at the radial center line position of the rare earth neodymium iron boron layer 1 provide the most magnetic flux, and the T-shaped rare earth neodymium iron boron layer 1 is partially unfolded to the part corresponding to the auxiliary magnet and the part of the permanent magnets of the motor at the radial position provides the least magnetic flux, and the radial position of the T-shaped extension part provides the least magnetic flux. The sinusoidal distribution of the air gap magnetic flux density waveform is facilitated, and torque fluctuation is reduced.
Because neodymium iron boron is relatively brittle, is too thin and is easy to break, and meanwhile, the torque performance of the rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor is quickly reduced due to the fact that the thickness of the rare earth permanent magnet is thin, the rare earth Halbach motor is limited in the degree that the material consumption of the rare earth permanent magnet is reduced from the thickness. It is very limited to rely on reducing the rare earth permanent magnet by a bit in thickness. The utility model adopts ferrite in the combined magnetic pole, the thickness of the rare earth permanent magnet in the rare earth permanent magnet and the common rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor is not very different, but the width is far smaller than that of the common rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the consumption of rare earth materials can be obviously reduced.
In the case of the structure with built-in permanent magnets, the demagnetization problem of the permanent magnets is more remarkable in the field weakening control. Since the present embodiment belongs to the surface mount type, the orthogonal axis inductances are equal, and the control of id=0 is adopted, and no demagnetizing current is applied, in this case, the disadvantage of ferrite that is easy to demagnetize due to low performance is not obvious. The demagnetization problem is not prominent because no flux weakening is required.
In summary, the existing rare earth Halbach is concentrated on the improvement of the electromagnetic torque performance of the motor, and a large amount of neodymium iron boron materials with better magnetic performance are prone to be used. The utility model can reduce the consumption of rare earth materials and improve the electromagnetic torque at the same time, and has good application prospect.
Although the utility model herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present utility model. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that the different dependent claims and the features described herein may be combined in ways other than as described in the original claims. It is also to be understood that features described in connection with separate embodiments may be used in other described embodiments.
Claims (5)
1. A Halbach permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor with few rare earth combined magnetic poles comprises a permanent magnet and a rotor core (4), wherein the permanent magnet is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the rotor core (4) in a Halbach array structure,
it is characterized in that each pole permanent magnet comprises m main magnets and 2n auxiliary magnets (2), wherein m and n are positive integers, n auxiliary magnets (2) are respectively arranged on two sides of the circumference of the m main magnets, each main magnet comprises a non-rare-earth material layer (3) and a rare-earth neodymium-iron-boron layer (1) which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside along the radial direction, the auxiliary magnets (2) and the non-rare-earth material layers (3) are non-rare-earth ferrite,
the magnetizing directions of the m main magnets in the same pole are the same and are parallel to the radial central line of the whole m main magnets, the magnetizing directions of the main magnets in the adjacent two poles are opposite,
when the radial central line of the whole m main magnets in any pole is taken as a datum line and the magnetizing direction of the m main magnets is away from the circle center of the rotor core (4), the magnetizing angle theta of the ith auxiliary magnet (2) i * Satisfies the following formula:
when the radial central line of the whole m main magnets in any pole is taken as a datum line and the magnetizing direction of the m main magnetic poles faces the circle center of the rotor core (4), the magnetizing angle theta of the ith auxiliary magnet (2) i * Satisfies the following formula:
wherein the method comprises the steps ofP=2 is the pole pair number of the motor, i=1, 2,..4 pn, 3.ltoreq.m+2n.ltoreq.6, θ i Is the included angle between the radial center line of the ith auxiliary magnet (2) and the datum line, and the magnetizing angle theta i * The included angle between the magnetizing direction of the ith auxiliary magnet (2) and the datum line is negative, and the included angle between the magnetizing direction and the datum line in the clockwise direction is positive.
2. Halbach permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor with few rare earth combined poles according to claim 1, characterized in that the overall arc length of m main magnets in each pole is equal to the arc length of each auxiliary magnet (2).
3. Halbach permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor with few rare earth combined poles according to claim 1, characterized in that the overall arc length of m main magnets in each pole is larger than the arc length of each auxiliary magnet (2).
4. Halbach permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor with few rare earth combined poles according to claim 1, characterized in that the overall arc length of m main magnets in each pole is smaller than the arc length of each auxiliary magnet (2).
5. A Halbach permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor with few rare earth combined magnetic poles according to claim 1, characterized in that the rare earth neodymium iron boron layer (1) comprises an outer layer arc and an inner layer arc which are radially arranged, wherein the arc length of the outer layer arc is larger than that of the inner layer arc.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320107685.4U CN219351384U (en) | 2023-02-03 | 2023-02-03 | Halbach permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor with few rare earth combined magnetic poles |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320107685.4U CN219351384U (en) | 2023-02-03 | 2023-02-03 | Halbach permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor with few rare earth combined magnetic poles |
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| CN219351384U true CN219351384U (en) | 2023-07-14 |
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| CN202320107685.4U Active CN219351384U (en) | 2023-02-03 | 2023-02-03 | Halbach permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor with few rare earth combined magnetic poles |
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2023
- 2023-02-03 CN CN202320107685.4U patent/CN219351384U/en active Active
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