CN213915422U

CN213915422U - Waste cathode carbon block cooperative treatment device for joint gasification of cement kiln

Info

Publication number: CN213915422U
Application number: CN202021850564.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭小虎; 吴迪; 苟远波; 王汝成; 杜文智; 李凯华
Original assignee: Xi'an Aerospace Yuan Dongli Engineering Co ltd
Current assignee: Xi'an Aerospace Yuan Dongli Engineering Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-28
Filing date: 2020-08-28
Publication date: 2021-08-10
Anticipated expiration: 2030-08-28

Abstract

The utility model discloses a waste cathode carbon block co-processing device for combined gasification of a cement kiln, which comprises a cement production system, a gasification furnace system, a carbon block crusher, a coal mixing crusher, a first conveying pipeline, a second conveying pipeline and a third conveying pipeline for conveying combustible gas; the carbon block crusher is respectively connected with a raw material inlet of the gasification furnace system and a raw material inlet of the cement production system through a first conveying pipeline and a second conveying pipeline; the coal mixing crusher is arranged on the second conveying pipeline; the third conveying pipeline is connected between the combustible gas outlet of the gasification furnace system and the inlet of the decomposing furnace of the cement production system. The utility model discloses a system divide into two processing routes with useless negative pole charcoal piece, and gasification in partly entering gasifier system, direct combustion in another part gets into the cement kiln, and combustible gas and powdered carbon raw materials that produce through the gasification of charcoal piece carry out the fuel to the original buggy of cement system and replace, have reduced the primary energy resource consumption of cement trade, have good economic nature.

Description

Waste cathode carbon block cooperative treatment device for joint gasification of cement kiln

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of solid useless processing, concretely relates to waste cathode charcoal piece coprocessing device of combined gasification of cement kiln.

Background

The waste cathode carbon block is a dangerous solid waste with extremely high fluorine content produced in the electrolytic aluminum industry. In the electrolysis process, aluminum fluoride, cryolite, sodium fluoride and the like are required to be used as electrolytes to reduce the electrolysis temperature and reduce energy consumption, and a cathode carbon block in an aluminum electrolysis cell is damaged and discarded after being used for a certain time due to molten salt reaction and chemical reaction caused by thermal action, chemical action, mechanical erosion action, electric action, sodium and electrolyte permeation and the like. The scrapped electrolytic aluminum cathode carbon block contains high level of soluble fluoride and a certain level of cyanide, and if the electrolytic aluminum cathode carbon block is not disposed well, surface water and underground water are polluted, and harmful gas is released, so that the electrolytic aluminum cathode carbon block has serious harm to the environment.

The treatment techniques of the waste cathode carbon block can be classified into a wet method and a pyrogenic method. The wet treatment mainly adopts a flotation-acid leaching method, most harmful substances are separated by utilizing the physical principle, fluoride is recovered, and oxide is added to decompose cyanide to be harmless; the pyrogenic process mainly uses the waste cathode carbon block as fuel, and adopts a high-temperature method (metallurgical furnace, rotary kiln, etc.) to decompose harmful substances to achieve harmlessness. At present, the waste cathode carbon blocks are used as fuel to be added into the dry-method cement kiln and have wide application, and the waste cathode carbon blocks are used as fuel to be added to replace part of fuel, so that the method has certain economic benefit. However, a large amount of fluoride and cyanide exist in the waste cathode carbon block, which can cause harm to human bodies in industrial production, and in addition, the solid waste is used as a raw material and a fuel to produce cement clinker, so that the process regulation capability is poor, and the optimization of energy utilization rate and cement quality cannot be considered.

Disclosure of Invention

The not enough that exists to prior art, the utility model aims at providing a waste cathode charcoal piece coprocessing device of cement kiln joint gasification solves the problem that the current waste cathode charcoal piece has the environmental protection performance relatively poor, the technology can adjust the ability poorly as the solid useless treatment mode of cement kiln raw materials.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a following technical scheme realizes:

a waste cathode carbon block co-processing system for combined gasification of a cement kiln comprises a cement production system, a gasification furnace system, a carbon block crusher for primary crushing of carbon blocks, a coal mixing crusher for crushing raw coal and carbon block mixture, a first conveying pipeline, a second conveying pipeline and a third conveying pipeline for conveying combustible gas; the carbon block crusher is respectively connected with a raw material inlet of the gasification furnace system and a raw material inlet of the cement production system through a first conveying pipeline and a second conveying pipeline; the coal mixing crusher is arranged on the second conveying pipeline; and the third conveying pipeline is connected between a combustible gas outlet of the gasification furnace system and an inlet of a decomposing furnace of the cement production system.

Furthermore, a fourth conveying pipeline for conveying slag is arranged between the slag discharging port of the gasification furnace system and the raw material inlet of the cement production system.

Furthermore, a coal powder bin is arranged on the second conveying pipeline.

Specifically, the gasification furnace system is provided with a first inlet (204) for adding solid waste and a second inlet for adding waste cathode carbon blocks.

Specifically, the particle size of the carbon block after being crushed by the carbon block crusher is less than 25 mm; the particle size of the carbon block after being crushed by the coal mixing crusher is less than 0.15 mm.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

(1) the utility model discloses a system divide into two treatment routes with useless negative pole charcoal piece, and gasification in partly entering gasifier system, another part is as the direct combustion in the fuel gets into the cement kiln, and combustible gas and powdered carbon raw materials that produce through the gasification of charcoal piece carry out the fuel to the original buggy of cement system and replace, have reduced cement trade primary energy consumption, have good economic nature.

And simultaneously, based on the utility model discloses a system can be through adjusting the load of useless negative pole charcoal piece gasification burning and direct combustion under the undulant condition of raw materials component, handling capacity isoparametric to satisfy the operating stability requirement of system under different loads.

(2) The utility model combines the treatment of the waste cathode carbon block with the gasification furnace system, on one hand, the carbon block gasification can separate the energy utilization of combustible materials in the waste cathode carbon block and the non-combustible components in the waste cathode carbon block, and the energy and the resource utilization maximization is realized by the high-efficiency coupling with the cement kiln system; on the other hand, on the basis of the traditional low-calorific-value gasification furnace, the high-calorific-value carbon is added, the effective concentration of the gasified gas is increased, and the operation efficiency of the gasification device is improved.

Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a cooperative processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The reference numerals in the figures denote:

1-a cement production system, 2-a gasification furnace system, 3-a carbon block crusher, 4-a coal mixing crusher, 5-a first conveying pipeline, 6-a second conveying pipeline, 7-a third conveying pipeline, 8-a fourth conveying pipeline and 9-a pulverized coal bin;

201-a gasification furnace, 202-a water cooling device, 203-a magnetic separation device, 204-a first inlet, 205-a second inlet and 206-a slag discharge port.

The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and the detailed description of the invention.

Detailed Description

The following embodiments of the present invention are given, and it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and all the equivalent transformations made on the basis of the technical solution of the present application all fall into the protection scope of the present invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the use of directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" is generally defined with reference to the drawings of the corresponding drawings.

The utility model discloses a waste cathode charcoal piece coprocessing device of cement kiln joint gasification, as shown in figure 1, the device includes cement production system 1, gasifier system 2, charcoal piece breaker 3, the mixed breaker 4 of coal, first pipeline 5, second pipeline 6 and third pipeline 7. The carbon block crusher 3 is used for crushing the crushed carbon block raw materials; the coal mixing crusher 4 is used for crushing the mixture of raw coal and carbon blocks, the carbon blocks are crushed by the crusher, and the coal mixing crusher 4 is used for secondarily crushing the carbon blocks.

The carbon block crusher 3 is respectively connected with a raw material inlet of the gasification furnace system 2 and a raw material inlet of the cement production system 1 through a first conveying pipeline 5 and a second conveying pipeline 6, and the coal mixing crusher 4 is arranged on the second conveying pipeline 6. Wherein, a part of the primarily crushed carbon blocks are conveyed to a gasification furnace system through a first conveying pipeline 5 for gasification, melting and combustion, and the other part of the carbon blocks are crushed for the second time through a second conveying pipeline 6 and then are directly combusted as fuel in a cement production system.

The third conveying pipeline 7 is connected between the combustible gas outlet of the gasifier system 2 and the inlet of the decomposing furnace of the cement production system 1. The combustible gas generated by the gasification furnace system 2 is contained in the waste cathode carbon block and can be used as the alternative fuel in the decomposing furnace in the cement production system.

It can be seen that, the utility model discloses an in the system, the combustible gas that waste cathode carbon block produced through the gasification can regard as the alternative fuel in the decomposing furnace in the cement production system 1, and the waste cathode carbon block after smashing both can regard as the decomposing furnace and can regard as the alternative fuel of kiln head again, can reduce cement plant coal consumption by a wide margin, realizes the operation economic nature.

The system of the utility model can also adjust the load of the carbon gasification combustion and the direct combustion under the condition of fluctuation of the parameters of raw material components, treatment capacity and the like, thereby meeting the requirement of the operation stability of the collaborative process under different loads.

In this embodiment, a pulverized coal bunker 9 is provided on the second conveying pipeline 6, and the pulverized coal block and the raw coal crushed by the coal mixing crusher 4 are mixed by the pulverized coal bunker 9 and then enter the decomposing furnace of the cement production system 1.

The waste cathode carbon blocks are irregular blocks, and the size of the waste cathode carbon blocks is about 30-1500 mm. The utility model discloses set up the two-stage breaker, original useless negative pole charcoal piece gets into carbon block breaker 3 and is less than 25mm after the breakage, then partly useless negative pole charcoal piece gets into the gasification stove gasification, gets into the mixture reentrant buggy storehouse 9 that the coal mixes the mixture of breaker 4 broken charcoal powders and the buggy that obtain being less than 0.15mm after another part and the raw coal mix.

The cement production system 1 in this embodiment includes a kiln head, a decomposing furnace, a rotary cement kiln, a grate cooler, a dust collector, a waste heat boiler, an induced draft fan, a chimney, and the like. One part of the mixture of the carbon powder and the coal powder crushed by the coal mixing crusher 4 enters the kiln head for combustion, and the other part of the mixture enters the decomposing furnace.

The utility model discloses a gasifier can be high (vertical) stove formula gasification melting furnace or other forms's gasifier, and gasifier system 2 includes gasifier 201, water cooling plant 202, magnetic separation device 203 etc. as shown in fig. 1.

The upper part of the gasification furnace 201 is provided with a first inlet 204 and a second inlet 205, and the first inlet 204 is used for adding combustible solid waste and other auxiliary gasification raw materials. The combustible solid waste mainly comprises garbage and mainly comprises other garbage; other auxiliary gasification raw materials comprise dried sludge, livestock and poultry manure, incineration ash, other incombustibles and the like. The second inlet 205 is used to add the spent cathode carbon block as well as auxiliary additives such as limestone and the like. The addition amount of the carbon block can be adjusted according to the change of the heat value of combustible solid waste and other auxiliary gasification raw materials. The proportion of the carbon blocks in the medium gasification raw materials of the utility model is generally 0-30%.

The melting process of the waste cathode carbon block is explained below by taking a high (vertical) furnace type gasification melting furnace as an example:

the waste cathode carbon blocks and other gasified raw materials are subjected to primary drying layer, pyrolysis layer, combustion layer and melting layer from top to bottom in the gasification furnace 201, organic matters in the raw materials are dried and then pyrolyzed and gasified in the pyrolysis layer at 300-1000 ℃ to obtain combustible gas, the pyrolysis carbon generated in the cathode carbon blocks and the pyrolysis layer reacts with oxygen and air introduced from the lower part in the combustion layer at 1000-1700 ℃ to provide energy for gasification, residual inorganic matters are melted at 1700-1800 ℃, harmful substances are decomposed and solidified in a high-temperature environment, and generated harmless ash residues are discharged from a bottom slag discharge port 206 and enter the water cooling device 202. The quenched ash passes through a magnetic separation device 203, and the metal and the slag which can be recycled are obtained through separation and recovery. On the premise of not affecting the quality of cement clinker, the slag is mixed into the cement raw materials through the fourth conveying pipeline 8 to serve as raw materials, and therefore the resource utilization in a factory is achieved.

Generally, the waste cathode carbon block contains 15% of fluorine and 0.2% of cyanogen. Through the utility model discloses a system, the smoke and dust that produces after gasification burning or direct combustion fully reacts with cement raw meal under alkaline environment, kiln hood flue gas and kiln tail flue gas remove dust through the dust remover respectively in proper order afterwards, and wherein 99% pollutant all solidifies in cement clinker, and final emission flue gas satisfies total fluorine 3mg/Nm³1.9mg/Nm of hydrogen cyanide³The limit criteria of (2).

In the above description, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be understood broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected or detachably connected or integrated; either a direct connection or an indirect connection, and the like. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present technical solution can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.

The various features described in the foregoing detailed description can be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the spirit of the invention, and should also be construed as disclosed in the invention.

Claims

1. The cooperative treatment device for the waste cathode carbon blocks through the combined gasification of the cement kiln is characterized by comprising a cement production system (1), a gasification furnace system (2), a carbon block crusher (3) for primarily crushing the carbon blocks, a coal mixing crusher (4) for crushing raw coal and carbon block mixture, a first conveying pipeline (5), a second conveying pipeline (6) and a third conveying pipeline (7) for conveying combustible gas;

the carbon block crusher (3) is respectively connected with a raw material inlet of the gasification furnace system (2) and a raw material inlet of the cement production system (1) through a first conveying pipeline (5) and a second conveying pipeline (6); the coal mixing crusher (4) is arranged on the second conveying pipeline (6); and the third conveying pipeline (7) is connected between a combustible gas outlet of the gasification furnace system (2) and an inlet of a decomposing furnace of the cement production system (1).

2. The co-processing device of waste cathode carbon blocks in combination gasification in cement kiln as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a fourth conveying pipeline (8) for conveying slag is arranged between the slag discharge port (206) of the gasification furnace system (2) and the raw material inlet of the cement production system (1).

3. The cement kiln co-gasification waste cathode carbon block co-processing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second conveying pipeline (6) is provided with a coal dust bin (9).

4. The device for co-processing waste cathode carbon blocks through combined gasification in a cement kiln as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gasification furnace system (2) is provided with a first inlet (204) for adding solid waste and a second inlet (205) for adding waste cathode carbon blocks.

5. The co-processing device of waste cathode carbon blocks in combination gasification of cement kilns as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the carbon blocks crushed by the carbon block crusher (3) is less than 25 mm; the particle size of the crushed carbon block is less than 0.15mm after the crushed carbon block is crushed by a coal mixing crusher (4).