CN213880239U - Particle vibration velocity sensor microarray for voice pickup - Google Patents
Particle vibration velocity sensor microarray for voice pickup Download PDFInfo
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- CN213880239U CN213880239U CN202022927880.0U CN202022927880U CN213880239U CN 213880239 U CN213880239 U CN 213880239U CN 202022927880 U CN202022927880 U CN 202022927880U CN 213880239 U CN213880239 U CN 213880239U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a mass point velocity of vibration sensor microarray for pronunciation are picked up, including mass point velocity of vibration sensing element, acoustic pressure sensing element (2), 2 group mass point velocity of vibration sensing elements (11), (12), every mass point velocity of vibration sensing element symmetric distribution, 2 group mass point velocity of vibration sensing element's symmetry center is the same, 2 groups mass point velocity of vibration sensing element mutually perpendicular distributes, acoustic pressure sensing element (2) are located the symmetry center position. The utility model discloses the channel number is few, SNR is high, the size is little, effectively realizes 360 degrees all-round pronunciation and picks up.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a particle velocity of vibration sensor microarray for pronunciation are picked up.
Background
In a real complex environment, when a single microphone picks up a speech signal, the single microphone inevitably receives voice interference from ambient environment noise, transmission medium noise, room reverberation and other speakers, and when far-field sound pickup is performed, the speech pickup quality and the speech recognition rate are seriously affected. To overcome the disadvantages of a single microphone, a microphone array is usually used for far-field speech pickup. The microphone array can perform space-time spectrum processing on sound pressure signals in different spatial directions, so that the functions of noise suppression, reverberation removal, human voice interference suppression, sound source direction finding, sound source tracking, array gain and the like are realized, high-quality far-field pickup is completed at the front end of voice interaction, and the voice recognition rate in a real environment is improved. The traditional microphone array is limited by a half-wavelength theory, the more the number of the microphones is, the larger the aperture is, the defects of airspace aliasing, high operation complexity and the like exist, and the design freedom and the application scene of the microphone array are greatly limited.
The voice sound field has both scalar field (sound pressure) and vector field (particle vibration velocity), and both the sound pressure and the particle vibration velocity carry abundant voice information. Existing microphone arrays are all based on sound pressure microphones, such as common MEMS microphones, microphones and microphones in the market; at present, two measurement methods are mainly used for measuring the vibration velocity of a voice particle, one is an indirect measurement method, the particle vibration velocity is calculated by forming a sound pressure gradient through two sound pressure sensors with a certain distance (patent number: 201310726022), but the method is limited by conditions of amplitude, phase frequency consistency, physical distance and the like among sound pressure microphones, and has the defects of low sensitivity, narrow response frequency band, large measurement error and the like; the other is a direct measurement means, and the air sound particle vibration velocity sensitive element manufactured based on an MEMS thermal type flow measurement mechanism (patent number: 201310752209) has directivity, 8-shaped directional characteristic which does not change along with frequency and directional gain, is widely applied to the aspects of advanced individual equipment, sniper positioning, noise source identification, passive acoustic radar and the like, but is not applied to the technical field of voice interaction.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a particle velocity of vibration sensor microarray for pronunciation are picked up, and the channel number is few, SNR is high, the size is little, effectively realizes 360 degrees all-round pronunciation and picks up.
Realize the utility model discloses the technical scheme of purpose:
a particle vibration velocity sensor microarray for voice pickup comprises particle vibration velocity sensitive elements and sound pressure sensitive elements, wherein the particle vibration velocity sensitive elements comprise 2 groups of particle vibration velocity sensitive elements, a first group of particle vibration velocity sensitive elements and a second group of particle vibration velocity sensitive elements, each group of particle vibration velocity sensitive elements are symmetrically distributed, the symmetric centers of the 2 groups of particle vibration velocity sensitive elements are the same, the 2 groups of particle vibration velocity sensitive elements are vertically distributed, and the sound pressure sensitive elements are positioned at the symmetric centers.
Further, the 2 groups of particle vibration velocity sensitive elements and the sound pressure sensitive elements are arranged on a first microarray skeleton, the first microarray skeleton is a regular tetrahedral prism, and the 2 groups of particle vibration velocity sensitive elements are symmetrically distributed on the side surface of the regular tetrahedral prism; the sound pressure sensitive elements are distributed on the upper end face of the regular tetrahedral prism, and the center of the sound pressure sensitive elements is the same as the symmetry center of the regular tetrahedral prism.
Further, 2 group's mass point velocity of vibration sensing element, sound pressure sensing element set up on the second microarray skeleton, the second microarray skeleton is plane skeleton, and 2 group's mass point velocity of vibration sensing element are the cross and distribute, sound pressure sensing element is located criss-cross central point puts.
Furthermore, 1 sound pressure sensitive element is arranged; each group of particle vibration velocity sensitive elements is provided with 2n particle vibration velocity sensitive elements, n is more than or equal to 1, and the size of n is determined according to the signal-to-noise ratio and the size of the particle vibration velocity sensor microarray.
Furthermore, all the mass point vibration velocity sensitive elements on the same side surface of each group of mass point vibration velocity sensitive elements are distributed in parallel at equal intervals.
Furthermore, the first group of particle vibration velocity sensitive elements and the second group of particle vibration velocity sensitive elements are particle vibration velocity sensitive elements based on a MEMS thermal flow measurement mechanism.
Further, the sound pressure sensitive element is an electret or silicon-microphone sound pressure sensitive element;
further, a protective cover is arranged on the outer side of the microarray framework.
The utility model discloses beneficial effect who has:
the utility model discloses a mass point velocity of vibration sensing element, acoustic pressure sensing element, including 2 group mass point velocity of vibration sensing elements, every group mass point velocity of vibration sensing element symmetric distribution, 2 group mass point velocity of vibration sensing element's symmetry center is the same, 2 groups mass point velocity of vibration sensing element mutually perpendicular distributes, acoustic pressure sensing element is located the symmetry center position. The utility model has a small number of channels, 1 sound pressure channel and 2 particle vibration velocity channels; the size is small, the structure of the microarray is compact, and the particle vibration velocity sensitive elements and the sound pressure sensitive elements are densely arranged; the signal-to-noise ratio can be effectively improved by adding a particle vibration velocity sensitive element. The utility model discloses the channel number is few, SNR is high, the size is little, effectively realizes 360 degrees all-round pronunciation and picks up.
The utility model discloses 2 group's particles velocity of vibration sensing element, acoustic pressure sensing element set up on the microarray skeleton, the microarray skeleton is regular four sides prism, 2 group's particles velocity of vibration sensing element symmetric distribution in the side of regular four sides prism; the sound pressure sensitive elements are distributed on the upper end face of the regular tetrahedral prism, and the center of each sound pressure sensitive element is the same as the symmetry center of the regular tetrahedral prism; 2 group's mass point velocity of vibration sensing element, sound pressure sensing element set up on the microarray skeleton, the microarray skeleton is plane skeleton, and 2 group's mass point velocity of vibration sensing elements are the cross and distribute, sound pressure sensing element is located criss-cross central point puts. The utility model adopts the above-mentioned microarray arrangement mode, compact structure, the size is little to guarantee 360 degrees all-round pronunciation simultaneously and pick up the effect.
The utility model is provided with 1 sound pressure sensitive element; each group of particle vibration velocity sensitive elements is provided with 2n particle vibration velocity sensitive elements, n is more than or equal to 1, and the size of n is determined according to the signal-to-noise ratio and the size of the particle vibration velocity sensor microarray. Every increase the speed of vibration sensing element of one time mass point, to the irrelevant gaussian white noise in space, microarray signal-to-noise ratio improves 3dB, and in size allowed range, it can effectively improve to increase the speed of vibration sensing element of mass point the utility model discloses microarray's signal-to-noise ratio.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit connection diagram according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a circuit connection diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, but it should be noted that these embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art should be able to make equivalent changes or substitutions of functions, methods, or structures according to the embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the particle velocity sensor microarray includes a particle velocity sensor and a sound pressure sensor 2, and includes 2 sets of particle velocity sensors, that is, a first set of particle velocity sensor 11 and a second set of particle velocity sensor 12, where each set of particle velocity sensors is symmetrically distributed, the centers of symmetry of the 2 sets of particle velocity sensors are the same, the 2 sets of particle velocity sensors 11 and 12 are vertically distributed, and the sound pressure sensor 2 is located at the center of symmetry.
In this embodiment, the 2 groups of particle vibration velocity sensitive elements 11 and 12 and the sound pressure sensitive element 2 are disposed on a first microarray framework 31, the first microarray framework 31 is a regular tetrahedral prism, and the 2 groups of particle vibration velocity sensitive elements 11 and 12 are symmetrically distributed on the side surfaces of the regular tetrahedral prism; the sound pressure sensitive elements 2 are distributed on the upper end face of the regular tetrahedral prism, and the center of the sound pressure sensitive elements 2 is the same as the symmetry center of the regular tetrahedral prism. 1 sound pressure sensing element 2 is arranged; each group of particle vibration velocity sensitive elements is provided with 2n particle vibration velocity sensitive elements, n is more than or equal to 1, and the size of n is determined according to the signal-to-noise ratio and the size of the particle vibration velocity sensor microarray. All the mass point vibration velocity sensitive elements on the same side of each group of mass point vibration velocity sensitive elements are distributed in parallel at equal intervals, and the interval is d. The particle vibration velocity sensitive elements 11 and 12 adopt particle vibration velocity sensitive elements based on a MEMS thermal flow measurement mechanism. The sound pressure sensitive element 2 adopts an electret, a silicon microphone or other types of sound pressure sensitive elements. And a protective cover 4 is arranged on the outer side of the microarray framework.
As shown in fig. 2, the signal output terminals Sig1, Sig2 of the 2 groups of particle velocity sensors and the signal output terminal Sig3 of the sound pressure sensor are connected to the signal input terminal of the back-end acquisition processing circuit, and the back-end acquisition processing circuit performs symmetric analog summation on the particle velocity analog signals output by the 2 groups of particle velocity sensors, and then performs sound source orientation based on the trigonometric function relationship between the 2-channel particle velocity signals and the 1-channel sound pressure signals.
During operation, the micro-array outputs three-channel signals, namely, the first group of particle vibration velocity sensing elements 11 outputs the first channel particle vibration velocity signals through the signal output end Sig 1; the second channel particle velocity signal output by the second group of particle velocity sensing elements 12 through the signal output end Sig 2; the sound pressure sensing element 2 outputs a sound pressure signal from the signal output terminal Sig 3. Rear end acquisition and processing circuit summates first passageway particle velocity of vibration signal and second passageway particle velocity of vibration signal symmetry simulation respectively, and two passageway particle velocity of vibration signal level concurrent orthogonality after the symmetry simulation summates, consequently the utility model discloses channel quantity has effectively been reduced. The back-end acquisition processing circuit can adopt a DOA (direction of arrival) estimation method of a sound source such as a complex sound intensity device method and a histogram method when the sound source is oriented based on the trigonometric function relationship between the 2-channel particle vibration velocity signal and the 1-channel sound pressure signal.
The trigonometric function relationship between the 1-channel sound pressure signal and the 2-channel particle velocity signal is determined by the omni-directivity of the sound pressure sensitive element and the 8-shaped spatial directivity of the particle velocity sensitive element, and is independent of the receiving frequency f and the array aperture d of the sound pressure sensitive element and the particle velocity sensitive element. The 1-channel sound pressure signal and the 2-channel particle vibration velocity signal orthogonal to the horizontal common point can form a single-side directional beam pointing to a sound source through combination and an electronic rotation mode. Thus, the array size can be in the order of millimeters, within the allowable range of the microarray size. The signal-to-noise ratio of the whole microarray can be improved by increasing the number of the particle velocity sensitive elements 1. Specifically, when the number of the first group of particle velocity sensitive elements 11 and the second group of particle velocity sensitive elements 12 is doubled, the signal-to-noise ratio of the microarray can be improved by 3dB for spatially uncorrelated white gaussian noise. The implementation process is as follows:
for spatially uncorrelated white gaussian noise, the · 1 array gain of the microarray is (reference yellow heptyl, Zhang Bei; Matlab-based common matrix array gain performance simulation study [ J ]):
G(dB)＝10log(N)
wherein N is the multiple of the number of mass point vibration velocity sensitive elements 1 in the microarray.
When the number of the particle velocity sensitive elements 1 is doubled, the array gain of the microarray is increased by:
△G(dB)＝10log(2N)-10log(N)＝10log(2)＝3dB
although the number of particle velocity sensing elements 1 is increased, the number of output channels of the microarray is unchanged, which is an advantage over conventional microphone arrays. Since the microarray sound source orientation is independent of the receiving frequencies f of the sound pressure sensitive element 2 and the particle velocity sensitive element 1 and the array aperture d, the first group of particle velocity sensitive elements 11 and the second group of particle velocity sensitive elements 12 can be arranged more densely, and when n is 1, the volume of the microarray is only 0.5cm 3. When the size of the microarray is fixed, the number of the particle velocity sensitive elements 1 can be increased as much as possible to obtain a higher signal-to-noise ratio.
Example two:
in the second embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, 2 sets of particle velocity sensors 11 and 12 and the sound pressure sensor 2 are disposed on a second microarray frame 32, the second microarray frame 32 is a planar frame, the 2 sets of particle velocity sensors 11 and 12 are distributed in a cross shape, and the sound pressure sensor 2 is located at the center of the cross shape. The rest of the structure and the working principle of the second embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.
The above list of details is only for the practical implementation of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent implementations or modifications that do not depart from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (8)
1. A particle velocity sensor microarray for speech pickup comprising a particle velocity sensor and a sound pressure sensor (2), characterized by: the device comprises 2 groups of particle vibration speed sensitive elements, a first group of particle vibration speed sensitive elements (11) and a second group of particle vibration speed sensitive elements (12), wherein each group of particle vibration speed sensitive elements are symmetrically distributed, the symmetric centers of the 2 groups of particle vibration speed sensitive elements are the same, the 2 groups of particle vibration speed sensitive elements are vertically distributed, and the sound pressure sensitive element (2) is positioned at the symmetric center.
2. The particle velocity sensor microarray for voice pickup of claim 1 wherein: the 2 groups of particle vibration velocity sensitive elements (11) and (12) are provided with sound pressure sensitive elements (2) arranged on a first microarray skeleton (31), the first microarray skeleton (31) is a regular tetrahedral prism, and the 2 groups of particle vibration velocity sensitive elements (11) and (12) are symmetrically distributed on the side surface of the regular tetrahedral prism; the sound pressure sensitive elements (2) are distributed on the upper end face of the regular tetrahedral prism, and the center of the sound pressure sensitive elements (2) is the same as the symmetry center of the regular tetrahedral prism.
3. The particle velocity sensor microarray for voice pickup of claim 1 wherein: 2 group's mass point velocity of vibration sensing element, sound pressure sensing element set up on second microarray skeleton (32), second microarray skeleton (32) are plane skeleton, and 2 group's mass point velocity of vibration sensing elements are the cross and distribute, sound pressure sensing element is located criss-cross central point puts.
4. The particle velocity sensor microarray for voice pickup of claim 1 wherein: 1 sound pressure sensing element is arranged; each group of particle vibration velocity sensitive elements is provided with 2n particle vibration velocity sensitive elements and 1 sound pressure sensitive element; each group of particle vibration velocity sensitive elements is provided with 2n particle vibration velocity sensitive elements, n is more than or equal to 1, and the size of n is determined according to the signal-to-noise ratio and the size of the particle vibration velocity sensor microarray.
5. The particle velocity sensor microarray for voice pickup of claim 1 wherein: all the mass point vibration velocity sensitive elements on the same side of each group of mass point vibration velocity sensitive elements are distributed in parallel at equal intervals.
6. The particle velocity sensor microarray for voice pickup of claim 1 wherein: the first group of particle vibration velocity sensitive elements (11) and the second group of particle vibration velocity sensitive elements (12) are particle vibration velocity sensitive elements based on a MEMS thermal flow measurement mechanism.
7. The particle velocity sensor microarray for voice pickup of claim 1 wherein: the sound pressure sensitive element (2) is an electret or silicon-microphone sound pressure sensitive element.
8. The particle velocity sensor microarray for speech pickup according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: and a protective cover (4) is arranged on the outer side of the microarray framework.
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| CN112543397A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-03-23 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三研究所 | Particle vibration velocity sensor microarray for voice pickup and voice pickup method |
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| CN112543397A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-03-23 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三研究所 | Particle vibration velocity sensor microarray for voice pickup and voice pickup method |
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