CN213861925U

CN213861925U - Electric replacement system for electric heavy truck

Info

Publication number: CN213861925U
Application number: CN202022225102.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王伟; 梁雄俊; 温华锋; 何忠祖; 张孝同; 赵伟; 李永昌
Original assignee: Shenzhen Jingzhi Machine Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Jingzhi Machine Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-09
Filing date: 2020-10-09
Publication date: 2021-08-03
Anticipated expiration: 2030-10-09

Abstract

The application discloses an electric heavy truck electricity changing system which comprises an electric heavy truck parking area, a battery box storage area and an electric heavy truck electricity changing mechanism, wherein the electric heavy truck electricity changing mechanism is located above the electric heavy truck parking area and the battery box storage area and used for lifting and moving a power-shortage battery box from the electric heavy truck parking area to the battery box storage area for storage and charging, or lifting and moving a charged battery box from the battery box storage area to an electric heavy truck in the electric heavy truck parking area; the battery replacement hoisting mechanism can move freely in all directions, and is simple and reliable in structure; the vehicle-mounted socket and the storage charging socket are in multi-stage floating, so that the damage of the weight of the battery box to the sockets is reduced; the locking mechanism on the vehicle-mounted base locks the battery box in an omnidirectional manner, so that the battery box is prevented from shifting.

Description

Electric replacement system for electric heavy truck

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a trade the electric field, in particular to electronic heavily block trades electric system.

Background

In recent years, with the rapid development of new energy automobiles, the electric heavy truck gradually enters the public vision, and due to the working property of the electric heavy truck, a battery box loaded by the electric heavy truck has the characteristics of large volume, heavy weight and long charging time. Therefore, the charging mode will affect the development of the electric heavy truck.

The existing power exchanging station for the electric heavy truck has two types of hoisting power exchanging and lateral power exchanging, the lateral power exchanging station has higher cost due to the existence of a power exchanging robot, a battery box is hoisted by a hoisting tool to move to a storage area for storage and charging in the hoisting power exchanging station, and a mechanism for hoisting the battery box is heavy, complicated and slow in movement due to the large volume and the heavy weight of the battery box; generally, a vehicle-mounted socket in butt joint with a plug of a battery box and a charging socket in a charging area are in up-and-down butt joint with the battery box, the socket can be damaged by a heavier battery box, and the battery box can slightly shift due to bumping of a vehicle in the driving process of an electric heavy truck, so that the electric connection of the plug is influenced, and the service life of the plug and the service life of the socket are influenced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of this, the embodiment of the present invention provides an electric heavy truck battery replacement system.

The utility model provides an above-mentioned technical problem adopted technical scheme as follows:

an electric heavy truck battery replacement system comprises a control system; the electric heavy truck comprises an electric heavy truck, wherein a base is fixed behind a cab of the electric heavy truck, and the base is of a square frame structure and is used for bearing, limiting and fixing a battery box and electrically connecting the electric heavy truck with the battery box; the electric heavy truck parking area is used for parking the heavy truck to be changed or allowing the electric heavy truck to pass through in a shuttling manner; the battery box storage area is connected with the control system, is positioned on one side or two sides of the electric heavy card parking area, is horizontally (in the X direction) butted with a heavy card to be changed in the electric heavy card parking area, and comprises a turnover channel and a storage charging area; the turnover channel is used for turnover of the battery box and provides a channel space for movement of the battery box; the storage charging area is positioned on one side or two sides of the Y direction of the turnover channel and is used for storing and/or charging a battery box; the battery box can move between the turnover channel and the storage charging area under the lifting load of the lifting battery replacing device, namely, the battery box moves from the turnover channel to the storage charging area for storage and/or charging or moves from the storage charging area to the turnover channel; the hoisting and electricity exchanging device is connected with the control system, is positioned above the electric heavy truck parking area and the battery box storage area, is used for hoisting and moving the electricity-shortage battery box from the electric heavy truck to the storage charging area, or moving the charged battery box from the storage charging area to the electric heavy truck, and comprises a truss and a hoisting and electricity exchanging mechanism; the truss is positioned above the electric heavy truck parking area and the battery box storage area and extends along the X direction, and a first guide rail extending along the X direction is arranged on the truss; the hoisting and electricity exchanging mechanism is movably connected to the truss along the direction of the first guide rail and comprises a first moving device, a second moving device, a hoisting driving device and a lifting appliance, the first moving device is movably connected to the truss under the guidance of the guide rail, the second moving device is movably connected to the first moving device along the Y direction, the hoisting driving device is fixedly arranged with the second moving device, and the lower end of the hoisting driving device is connected with the lifting appliance and drives the lifting appliance to lift along the Z direction; the lifting appliance is used for connecting the battery box, moves on the truss along the direction X, Y, Z under the synergistic action of the first moving device, the second moving device and the lifting driving device, lifts the battery box from the electric heavy truck in the electric heavy truck parking area, moves to the storage charging area through the turnover channel, or moves the battery box from the storage charging area through the turnover channel and places the battery box on the electric heavy truck in the electric heavy truck parking area; and the base is provided with a locking mechanism for connecting the battery box and the base together.

Further, two sets of locking mechanisms are connected to the base at intervals along the length direction of the base.

Furthermore, the locking mechanism comprises a locking driving motor, a driving gear, a locking base body, a driven gear, a first lead screw nut, a second lead screw nut, a first lead screw, a second lead screw, a first locking pin, a second locking pin, a first locking guide body and a second locking guide body; the locking driving motor is fixedly connected to the base; the driving gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the locking driving motor; the locking base body is rotatably connected to the base and is of a tubular structure, the axis of the locking base body is along the width direction of the base, a first lead screw nut and a second lead screw nut are coaxially fixed at two end parts of the locking base body respectively, and the rotating directions of the first lead screw nut and the second lead screw nut are symmetrical by taking the center line of the locking base body as a reference;

the driven gear is coaxially and fixedly connected with the locking base body and is meshed with the driving gear, the locking driving motor drives the locking base body to rotate through the driving gear and the driven gear which are meshed and matched, and the locking base body drives the first lead screw nut and the second lead screw nut to rotate; the first locking guide body and the second locking guide body are fixedly and oppositely arranged on the long edges of the two sides of the base, a guide hole matched with the shape and the size of the head of the first locking pin is formed in the first locking guide body, and a guide hole matched with the shape and the size of the head of the second locking pin is formed in the second locking guide body; one end of the first lead screw is coaxially engaged with the first lead screw nut, the other end of the first lead screw is coaxially connected with the root of the first locking pin, and the head of the first locking pin penetrates through the first locking guide body; one end of the second lead screw is coaxially meshed with the second lead screw nut, the other end of the second lead screw is coaxially connected with the root of the second locking pin, and the head of the second locking pin penetrates through the second locking guide body.

Furthermore, a vehicle-mounted socket module and a guide block are also arranged on the base; the at least three guide blocks are arranged on the upper surfaces of the first locking guide body and the second locking guide body on the locking mechanism and used for guiding the battery box to fall on the base, and the side surfaces of the guide blocks are provided with tapers; the vehicle-mounted socket module is arranged on the upper surface of the base and used for being electrically connected with a battery box falling on the base and supplying power to the electric heavy truck.

Furthermore, the vehicle-mounted socket module comprises a first bottom plate, a first support, a first elastic piece, a first thick guide hole and a power receiving socket module; the first bottom plate is arranged above the base at intervals; at least three first supporting columns are connected with the first bottom plate and the base, one end of each first supporting column is fixedly connected with the first bottom plate, and the other end of each first supporting column is connected with the base in a sliding mode; the number of the first elastic pieces equal to the number of the first support columns is respectively sleeved on the first support columns, and the upper end and the lower end of each first elastic piece are respectively contacted with the lower surface of the first bottom plate and the upper surface of the base; the at least two first thick guide holes are arranged on the upper surface of the first bottom plate and used for roughly guiding a plug on the battery box to be in butt joint with the power receiving socket module; at least one power receiving socket module is arranged on the upper surface of the first bottom plate and used for being in butt joint with a plug on the battery box.

Furthermore, the power receiving socket module comprises a second bottom plate, a second support, a second elastic piece, a power receiving socket body and a first fine guide hole; the second bottom plate is arranged above the first bottom plate at intervals; at least three second supporting columns are connected with the second bottom plate and the first bottom plate, one end of each second supporting column is fixedly connected with the second bottom plate, and the other end of each second supporting column is in sliding connection with the first bottom plate; the number of the second elastic pieces equal to the number of the second support columns is respectively sleeved on the second support columns, and the upper ends and the lower ends of the second elastic pieces are respectively contacted with the lower surface of the second bottom plate and the upper surface of the first bottom plate; the power receiving socket body is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the second bottom plate and is used for being in butt joint with a plug of the battery box; at least two first accurate guiding holes are arranged on the upper surface of the second bottom plate and on two sides of the power receiving socket body and used for accurately guiding the plug on the battery box to be in butt joint with the power receiving socket body.

Further, the first moving device comprises a first moving carrier, a first walking mechanism and a second guide rail; the first moving carrier is a square frame; the two second guide rails are respectively laid on two edges of the first movable carrier in the Y direction; the first traveling mechanisms are respectively arranged on two sides of the first movable carrier in the X direction and are matched with the first guide rails, and the first traveling mechanisms carry the first movable carrier to move along the X direction under the guidance of the first guide rails.

Further, the second moving device comprises a second moving carrier and a second walking mechanism; the second movable carrier is a square frame; at least two second running mechanisms are respectively arranged on two edges of the second movable carrier in the Y direction and are respectively matched with the second guide rails, and the second running mechanisms bear the second movable carrier to move along the Y direction under the guidance of the second guide rails.

Furthermore, the storage charging area comprises a plurality of storage charging units, the storage charging units are arranged on two sides of the revolving channel along the X direction, and each storage charging unit comprises a storage charging base body, a charging socket module, a locking mechanism and a guide block; the storage charging base body is used for bearing a battery box; the two groups of locking mechanisms are arranged on the upper surface of the storage charging base body at intervals along the length direction of the storage charging base body; the at least three guide blocks are arranged on the upper surfaces of the first locking guide body and the second locking guide body on the storage charging base body and used for guiding the battery box to fall on the storage charging unit; the charging socket module is arranged on the upper surface of the storage charging base body and used for being electrically connected with a battery box falling on the storage charging base body and charging the battery box.

Furthermore, the charging socket module comprises a third bottom plate, a third support, a third elastic piece, a second thick guide hole and a power supply socket module; the third bottom plate is arranged above the storage charging base at intervals; at least three third support columns are connected with a third bottom plate and a storage charging base body, one end of each third support column is fixedly connected with the third bottom plate, and the other end of each third support column is in sliding connection with the storage charging base body; third elastic pieces with the same number as the third support columns are respectively sleeved on the third support columns, and the upper end and the lower end of each third elastic piece are respectively contacted with the lower surface of the third bottom plate and the upper surface of the storage charging base body; the at least two second thick guide holes are formed in the upper surface of the third bottom plate and used for roughly guiding a plug on the battery box to be in butt joint with the power supply socket module; at least one power supply socket module is arranged on the upper surface of the third bottom plate and used for being in butt joint with a plug on the battery box.

Furthermore, the power supply socket module comprises a fourth bottom plate, a fourth support, a fourth elastic piece, a power supply socket body and a second fine guide hole; the fourth bottom plate is arranged above the third bottom plate at intervals; at least three fourth supporting columns are connected with the fourth bottom plate and the third bottom plate, one end of each fourth supporting column is fixedly connected with the fourth bottom plate, and the other end of each fourth supporting column is in sliding connection with the third bottom plate; fourth elastic pieces with the same number as the fourth struts are respectively sleeved on the fourth struts, and the upper end and the lower end of each fourth elastic piece are respectively contacted with the lower surface of the fourth bottom plate and the upper surface of the third bottom plate; the power supply socket body is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the fourth bottom plate and is used for being in butt joint with a plug of the battery box; at least two second fine guide holes are formed in the upper surface of the fourth bottom plate and the two sides of the power supply socket body and used for accurately guiding the plug on the battery box to be in butt joint with the power supply socket body.

Furthermore, the front end and the rear end of the bottom of the battery box are provided with left and right locking holes which penetrate through the battery box and are used for being matched with the first locking pin and the second locking pin to connect the battery box with the base or the storage charging base; the bottom of the battery box is also provided with a first guide post, a second guide post and a plug, wherein the end parts of the first guide post, the second guide post and the plug are downward; the first guide column is used for being matched with the first thick guide hole and the second thick guide hole, and a plug of the thick guide battery box is in butt joint with the power receiving socket module and/or the power supply socket module; the second guide post is used for being matched with the first fine guide hole and the second fine guide hole, and accurately guiding the plug of the battery box to be in butt joint with the power receiving socket body and/or the power supply socket body.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that: the battery replacing robot can move freely in all directions, and the structure is simple and reliable; the vehicle-mounted socket and the storage charging socket are in multi-stage floating, so that the damage of the weight of the battery box to the sockets is reduced; the locking mechanism on the vehicle-mounted base locks the battery box in an omnidirectional manner, so that the battery box is prevented from shifting.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of an electric heavy truck battery swapping system;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another view-angle structure of the electric power reloading and swapping system;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the electric heavy truck;

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the base of the electric heavy truck;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an alternative embodiment of the base of the electric heavy truck;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the locking mechanism;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the locking mechanism;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle socket module;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a power receiving socket module;

FIG. 10 is a schematic mechanism diagram of a hoisting battery replacement device;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a hoisting battery replacement mechanism;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a memory charging unit;

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a memory charging unit;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a memory charging unit;

FIG. 15 is a schematic bottom view of the battery box;

fig. 16 is a schematic view of a structure of the battery box falling on the base.

The objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problem, technical solution and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention clearer and more obvious, the following description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments is provided for further details. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

In the following description, suffixes for "modules", "devices" or "units" used to indicate elements are used only for the convenience of description of the present invention, and have no specific meaning in themselves. Thus, "module", "device" or "unit" may be used mixedly.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description and in the claims, and in the drawings, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.

Fig. 1 and 2 are schematic structural diagrams of an electric heavy truck battery replacement system. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an electric replacement system for an electric heavy truck 2 includes a control system 1 (not shown), the electric heavy truck 2, an electric heavy truck parking area 3, a battery box storage area 4, and a hoisting and battery replacement device 5.

And the electric heavy card parking area 3 is used for parking the heavy card to be changed or allowing the electric heavy card 2 to pass through in a shuttling mode.

The battery box storage area 4 is connected with the control system 1, is located on the side of the electric heavy card parking area 3, and is in butt joint with a heavy card to be replaced in the electric heavy card parking area 3 along the X direction, so that the hoisting and replacing mechanism 53 can be conveniently and directly moved to the position above the electric heavy card 2 to perform replacing action.

The battery box storage area 4 includes a revolving passage 41 and a storage charging area 42, and the revolving passage 41 and the storage charging area 42 are provided to extend in the X direction.

The circulation passage 41 is used for circulating the battery box 6, and provides a passage space for the battery box 6 to move, and the battery box 6 can move in the circulation passage 41 along the direction X, Z under the lifting load of the lifting and replacing device 5.

The storage charging area 42 is positioned at two sides of the space of the revolving channel 41 and is used for storing and/or charging the battery box 6, and the battery box 6 can move between the revolving channel 41 and the storage charging area 42 under the suspension load of the hoisting and replacing device 5, namely, move from the revolving channel 41 to the storage charging area 42 along the Y direction for storage and/or charging, or move from the storage charging area 42 to the revolving channel 41 along the Y direction.

The hoisting and replacing device 5 is connected with the control system 1, is positioned above the electric heavy truck parking area 3 and the battery box storage area 4, and is used for hoisting the power-shortage battery box 6 from the electric heavy truck 2 to move to the storage charging area 42 through the turnover channel 41, or hoisting the charged battery box 6 from the storage charging area 42 to move to the electric heavy truck 2 through the turnover channel 41.

The hoisting battery replacing device 5 comprises a truss 51 and a hoisting battery replacing mechanism 53.

The truss 51 is located above the electric heavy truck parking area 3 and the battery box storage area 4, and is a frame structure extending along the X direction. The truss 51 is provided with a first guide rail 52 extending along the X direction, and the hoisting and replacing mechanism 53 is movably connected to the truss 51 along the direction of the first guide rail 52. The hoisting and replacing mechanism 53 is connected with the control system 1, and under the control of the control system 1, the power-shortage battery box 6 is hoisted from the electric heavy truck 2 to move to the storage and charging area 42 through the turnover channel 41, or the charged battery box 6 is hoisted from the storage and charging area 42 to move to the electric heavy truck 2 through the turnover channel 41.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the electric heavy truck. As shown in fig. 3, a base 21 is fixed behind the cab of the electric heavy truck 2, and the base 21 has a square frame structure and is used for bearing, limiting and fixing the battery box 6 and electrically connecting the electric heavy truck 2 with the battery box 6.

Fig. 4 and 5 are schematic structural views of the base on the electric heavy truck. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the base 21 is provided with a lock mechanism 22, a vehicle-mounted receptacle module 23, and a guide hole. Locking mechanism 22's quantity is two sets of, and the setting of interval around the length direction of base 21 is on base 21 for with battery box 6 and the stable connection of base 21 together, avoid leading to battery box 6 to appear rocking because of external factors such as jolting, damage the butt joint of plug 64 and socket then.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the locking mechanism, and a sectional view of the locking mechanism at fig. 7. As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the lock mechanism 22 includes a lock drive motor 221, a drive gear 222, a lock base 223, a driven gear 224, a first lead screw nut 225, a second lead screw nut 226, a first lead screw 227, a second lead screw 228, a first lock pin 229, a second lock pin 2210, a first lock guide 2211, and a second lock guide 2212.

The locking driving motor 221 is fixedly connected to the base 21 to provide a locking driving force. The driving gear 222 is fixedly connected to an output end of the lock driving motor 221, and is driven by the lock driving motor 221 to rotate. The locking base 223 is rotatably connected to the base 21 by a bearing fixed to the base 21, and the locking base 223 has a tubular structure with an axis along the width direction of the base 21.

The first lead screw nut 225 and the second lead screw nut 226 are coaxially and fixedly disposed at two ends of the locking base 223, and the rotation directions of the first lead screw nut 225 and the second lead screw nut 226 are symmetrical with respect to the center line of the locking base 223, that is, the rotation directions of the fixed first lead screw nut 225 and the fixed second lead screw nut 226 are opposite.

The driven gear 224 is fixedly connected coaxially with the lock base 223 and is engaged with the driving gear 222. The locking driving motor 221 drives the locking base 223 to rotate through the driving gear 222 and the driven gear 224 which are engaged with each other, and the locking base 223 drives the first lead screw nut 225 and the second lead screw nut 226 to rotate.

One end of the first lead screw 227 is coaxially engaged with the first lead screw nut 225, and the other end is coaxially connected with the root of the first locking pin 229; the second lead screw 228 has one end coaxially engaged with the second lead screw nut 226 and the other end coaxially engaged with the root of the second lock pin 2210.

The rotational driving force of the first lead screw nut 225 and the second lead screw nut 226 along with the lock base 223 is converted into the linear driving force of the first lead screw 227 and the second lead screw 228, and drives the first lock pin 229 and the second lock pin 2210 to move to both sides simultaneously or to move to the middle simultaneously.

The first locking guide 2211 and the second locking guide 2212 are respectively and oppositely arranged on the long sides of the two sides of the base 21, the first locking guide 2211 is provided with a guide hole matched with the head shape and size of the first locking pin 229, the second locking guide 2212 is provided with a guide hole matched with the head shape and size of the second locking pin 2210, and the head of the first locking pin 229 passes through the first locking guide 2211; the head of the second lock pin 2210 passes through the second lock guide 2212.

When the locking driving motor 221 rotates through the engaged driving gear 222 and driven gear 224, and then drives the locking base 223 to rotate, so that the first locking pin 229 and the second locking pin 2210 move towards the middle, the heads of the first locking pin 229 and the second locking pin 2210 do not protrude out of the first locking guide 2211 and the second locking guide 2212, which is the unlocking state of the locking mechanism 22; when the lock driving motor 221 rotates via the driving gear 222 and the driven gear 224 engaged with each other, and then drives the lock base 223 to rotate, so that the first lock pin 229 and the second lock pin 2210 move toward both sides, the heads of the first lock pin 229 and the second lock pin 2210 protrude from the first lock guide 2211 and the second lock guide 2212, respectively, which is the locked state of the lock mechanism 22.

The four guide blocks 24 are respectively fixed on the upper surfaces of the first locking guide 2211 and the second locking guide 2212 on the two sets of locking mechanisms 22, and are used for guiding the battery box 6 to fall on the base 21. The guide block 24 is tapered on its side to guide the battery case 6.

The vehicle-mounted socket module 23 is disposed on the upper surface of the base 21, and is used for being electrically connected with the battery box 6 falling on the base 21 and supplying power to the electric heavy truck 2.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle-mounted socket module. As shown in fig. 8, the vehicle-mounted socket module 23 includes a first bottom plate 231, a first pillar 232, a first elastic member 233, a first thick guiding hole 234, and a power receiving socket module 235.

Wherein the first bottom plate 231 is spaced above the base 21. At least three first pillars 232 connect the first base plate 231 and the base 21, preferably, the number of the first pillars 232 is four, and the four first pillars 232 are symmetrically disposed at four corners of the first base plate 231, and one end of each of the four first pillars 232 is fixedly connected to the first base plate 231, and the other end is slidably connected to the base 21.

The four first elastic members 233 are respectively sleeved on the first support posts 232, and the upper and lower ends of the first elastic members 233 are respectively in contact with the lower surface of the first base plate 231 and the upper surface of the base 21. Specifically, the first elastic member 233 is a compression spring.

At least two first thick guide holes 234 are disposed on the upper surface of the first base plate 231, and have a height lower than the height of the guide block 24, for coarsely guiding the plug 64 on the battery box 6 to be butted against the power receiving socket module 235. Preferably, the number of the first thick guide holes 234 is two, and the two first thick guide holes are oppositely disposed at both ends of any diagonal line of the first base plate 231.

At least one power receiving socket module 235 is provided on the upper surface of the first base plate 231 for interfacing with the plug 64 on the battery box 6.

When the battery box 6 falls down and is guided by the guide block 24 to be about to fall on the base 21, the thick guide posts at the bottom of the battery box 6 first contact with the first thick guide holes 234, and then the socket module is forced, and the first elastic member 233 compresses to make the first bottom plate 231 slightly float to fit the battery box 6.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the power receiving socket module. As shown in fig. 9, the power receiving socket module 235 includes a second bottom plate 2351, a second support post 2352, a second elastic member 2353, a power receiving socket body 2354, and a first fine guiding hole 2355.

Wherein the second floor 2351 is spaced above the first floor 231. At least three second supports 2352 are connected to the second base plate 2351 and the first base plate 231, preferably, the number of the second supports 2352 is four, and the four second supports 2352 are symmetrically arranged at four corners of the second base plate 2351, respectively, and one end of each of the four second supports 2352 is fixedly connected to the second base plate 2351, and the other end is slidably connected to the first base plate 231.

The four second elastic members 2353 are respectively sleeved on the second support post 2352, and upper and lower ends of the second elastic members 2353 are respectively in contact with the lower surface of the second base plate 2351 and the upper surface of the first base plate 231. Specifically, the second elastic member 2353 is a compression spring.

The power receiving socket body 2354 is fixedly provided on an upper surface of the second bottom plate 2351, for interfacing with the plug 64 of the battery box 6.

Two first fine guiding holes 2355 are disposed on the upper surface of the second bottom plate 2351 and at two sides of the power receiving socket body 2354, and have a height lower than the height of the first thick guiding hole 234, so as to precisely guide the plug 64 of the battery box 6 to be docked with the power receiving socket body 2354.

When the battery box 6 falls down and is guided by the first thick guide hole 234, the fine guide post at the bottom of the battery box 6 contacts the first fine guide hole 2355, and then the power receiving socket body 2354 is stressed, and the second elastic member 2353 is compressed to slightly float the second bottom plate 2351 to adapt to the battery box 6, so that the power receiving socket body 2354 is accurately butted with the plug 64 at the bottom of the battery box 6.

Fig. 10 is a mechanism schematic diagram of a hoisting battery replacement device. As shown in fig. 10, the hoisting battery replacement device 5 includes a truss 51 and a hoisting battery replacement mechanism 53.

The hoisting and replacing mechanism 53 comprises a first moving device 531, a second moving device 532, a hoisting driving device 533 and a hoisting tool 534, the first moving device 531 is movably connected to the truss 51 under the guidance of the guide rail, the second moving device 532 is movably connected to the first moving device 531 along the Y direction, the hoisting driving device 533 is fixedly arranged with the second moving device 532, the lower end of the hoisting driving device 533 is connected with the hoisting tool 534 and drives the hoisting tool 534 to lift along the Z direction; the lifting device 534 is used for connecting the battery box 6 and moving on the truss 51 along the direction X, Y, Z under the cooperation of the first moving device 531, the second moving device 532 and the lifting driving device 533, lifting the battery box 6 from the electric heavy card 2 in the electric heavy card parking area 3, moving to the storage charging area 42 through the turnover channel 41, or moving the battery box 6 from the storage charging area 42 through the turnover channel 41 and placing on the electric heavy card 2 in the electric heavy card parking area 3.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a hoisting battery replacement mechanism. As shown in fig. 11, the first moving device 531 includes a first moving carrier 5311, a first traveling mechanism 5312, and a second guide rail 5313.

The first moving carrier 5311 is a square frame, and two second guide rails 5313 are respectively laid on two edges of the first moving carrier 5311 in the Y direction for guiding the second moving device 532 to move.

At least two first traveling mechanisms 5312 are respectively disposed on two sides of the first moving carrier 5311 in the X direction and are engaged with the first guide rail 52, and the first traveling mechanisms 5312 carry the first moving carrier 5311 and move in the X direction under the guidance of the first guide rail 52. Preferably, the number of the traveling mechanisms is two, and the traveling mechanisms are respectively disposed at both ends of any one side of the first moving carrier 5311 in the Y direction, and traveling wheels are respectively disposed at both ends of the other side corresponding to the one side. The first traveling mechanism 5312 includes a first driving motor fixedly disposed on the first movable carrier 5311, and traveling wheels (not shown) rotatably disposed on two sides of the first movable carrier 5311 along the X direction and connected to the first driving motor, wherein a total of four traveling wheels are respectively engaged with the first guide rail 52, and two first driving motors drive the traveling wheels to carry the first movable carrier 5311 to move along the first guide rail 52. Of course, the first traveling mechanisms 5312 may be provided at the four corners of the first moving carrier 5311, respectively.

Further, the second moving device 532 includes a second moving carrier 5321 and a second traveling mechanism 5322. The second moving carrier 5321 is a square frame, at least two second traveling mechanisms 5322 are respectively disposed on two sides of the second moving carrier 5321 in the Y direction and respectively engaged with the second guide rail 5313, and the second traveling mechanisms 5322 carry the second moving carrier 5321 to move along the Y direction under the guidance of the second guide rail 5313. Specifically, the second traveling mechanism 5322 includes a second driving motor (not shown) and a traveling wheel (not shown), the second driving motor is fixedly disposed on the second moving carrier 5321, the traveling wheel is rotatably connected to the second moving carrier 5321 and connected to the second driving motor, the traveling wheel is matched with the second guide rail 5313, and the second driving motor drives the traveling wheel to rotate on the second guide rail 5313 so as to carry the second moving carrier 5321 to move along the second guide rail 5313. Preferably, the number of the second traveling mechanisms 5322 is two, and the second traveling mechanisms 5322 are respectively disposed at the same ends of two sides of the second moving carrier 5321 in the Y direction, and traveling wheels are respectively disposed at the other ends of the two sides, but it is also possible to respectively dispose the second traveling mechanisms 5322 at four corners of the second moving carrier 5321.

The hoisting driving device 533 includes a hoisting driving motor, a first chain wheel, a second chain wheel, a third chain wheel, a fourth chain wheel, a first endless chain, a second endless chain, a first steering wheel, a second steering wheel, a third steering wheel, a fourth steering wheel, a first chain, a second chain, a third chain, and a fourth chain.

The hoisting driving motor is fixedly arranged on the second movable carrier, and provides hoisting driving force for the motor with double output shafts.

The first chain wheel and the second chain wheel are coaxial, the third chain wheel and the fourth chain wheel are coaxially arranged at four corners of the second movable carrier, the first chain wheel and the third chain wheel, the second chain wheel and the fourth chain wheel are respectively in the same plane along the radial direction, the coaxial axes of the chain wheels are along the moving direction of the second movable device, and the heights of the four chain wheels are the same. Wherein the first chain wheel and the second chain wheel are coaxially connected with two output ends of the hoisting driving motor respectively.

The first chain wheel and the second chain wheel are connected by the first ring chain, and the third chain wheel and the fourth chain wheel are connected by the second ring chain, so that the hoisting driving motor can drive the first chain wheel, the second chain wheel, the third chain wheel and the fourth chain wheel to rotate simultaneously.

The first steering wheel and the second steering wheel are coaxially arranged, are respectively positioned at the outer sides of the first chain wheel and the second chain wheel, and are higher than the first chain wheel and the second chain wheel; the third steering wheel and the fourth steering wheel are coaxially arranged and are respectively positioned below the third chain wheel and the fourth chain wheel.

One end of the first chain and one end of the second chain are respectively connected above the first endless chain and the second endless chain, the other end of the first chain and the second chain are respectively connected with two lifting points above the lifting appliance after bypassing the first steering wheel and the second steering wheel, and the distances from the connecting points connected to the endless chains to the steering wheels are equal; one end of the third chain and one end of the fourth chain are respectively connected below the first ring chain and the second ring chain, the other ends of the third chain and the fourth chain respectively bypass the third steering wheel and the fourth steering wheel and then are connected with two lifting points above the lifting appliance, and the distance between the connecting point connected to the ring chain and the steering wheel is equal.

When the hoisting driving motor drives the two ring chains to rotate, the first chain, the second chain, the third chain and the fourth chain synchronously hoist the hoisting tool 534 to ascend or descend.

The storage charging area 42 includes a plurality of storage charging units 421, and the plurality of storage charging units 421 are arranged in the X direction on both sides of the revolving passage 41.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a storage charging unit. As shown in fig. 12, each storage charging unit 421 includes a storage charging base 4211, a charging receptacle module 4212, a locking mechanism 22, and a guide block 24.

The storage and charging base 4211 is used for carrying the battery box 6.

Two sets of locking mechanisms 22 are arranged on the upper surface of the storage and charging base 4211 at intervals along the length direction of the storage and charging base 4211, and are used for connecting the battery box 6 and fixedly connecting the battery box 6 and the storage and charging base 4211 together.

At least three guide blocks 24 are provided on the upper surfaces of the first and second

lock guide bodies

2211 and 2212 of the two sets of locking mechanisms 22 for guiding the battery box 6 to fall on the storage and charging unit 421.

The charging socket module 4212 is disposed on the upper surface of the storage and charging base 4211 and is configured to be electrically connected to and charge the battery box 6 falling on the storage and charging base 4211.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a storage charging unit. As shown in fig. 13, the charging socket module 4212 includes a third base plate 42121, a third support column 42122, a third elastic member 42123, a second thick guide hole 42124, and a power supply socket module 42125.

Wherein the third base plate 42121 is disposed above the storage charging base 4211 at an interval. At least three third support posts 42122 are connected with the third base plate 42121 and the storage and charging base 4211, preferably, the number of the third support posts 42122 is four, four third support posts 42122 are respectively arranged at four corners of the third base plate 42121, and one end of each third support post 42122 is fixedly connected with the third base plate 42121, and the other end is slidably connected with the storage and charging base 4211. The four third elastic members 42123 are respectively sleeved on the third support columns 42122, and the upper and lower ends of the third elastic members 42123 are respectively in contact with the lower surface of the third bottom plate 42121 and the upper surface of the storage and charging base 4211. Preferably, the third elastic member 42123 is a compression spring.

At least two second thick guide holes 42124 are disposed on the upper surface of the third base plate 42121, and the height of the second thick guide holes 42124 is lower than the height of the guide blocks 24, so as to roughly guide the plug 64 on the battery box 6 to be docked with the power supply socket module 42125. Preferably, the number of the second coarse guide holes 42124 is two, and the second coarse guide holes 42124 are respectively arranged at both ends of any one diagonal line of the third bottom plate 42121.

At least one power supply socket module 42125 is provided on the upper surface of the third base plate 42121 for interfacing with the plug 64 on the battery box 6. The height of the power supply socket module 42125 is lower than the height of the second thick guide hole 42124.

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a storage charging unit. As shown in fig. 14, the power supply socket module 42125 includes a fourth base plate 42125a, a fourth support column 42125b, a fourth elastic member 42125c, a power supply socket body 42125e, and a second fine guide hole 42125 d.

The fourth bottom plate 42125a is arranged above the third bottom plate 42121 at an interval.

At least three fourth support columns 42125b are connected to the fourth base plate 42125a and the third base plate 42121, preferably, the number of the fourth support columns 42125b is four, four fourth support columns 42125b are respectively arranged at four corners of the fourth base plate 42125a, one end of each fourth support column 42125b is fixedly connected with the fourth base plate 42125a, and the other end of each fourth support column 42125b is slidably connected with the third base plate 42121.

The four fourth elastic members 42125c are respectively sleeved on the fourth support column 42125b, and the upper end and the lower end of the fourth elastic member 42125c are respectively contacted with the lower surface of the fourth bottom plate 42125a and the upper surface of the third bottom plate 42121. Preferably, the fourth elastic member 42125c is a compression spring.

The power supply socket body 42125e is fixedly provided on the upper surface of the fourth bottom plate 42125a, and is used for being abutted against the plug 64 of the battery box 6.

Two second fine guiding holes 42125d are disposed on the upper surface of the fourth bottom plate 42125a and on two sides of the power supply socket body 42125e, and the height of the second fine guiding hole 42125d is lower than the height of the second coarse guiding hole 42124, so as to accurately guide the plug 64 on the battery box 6 to be in butt joint with the power supply socket body 42125 e.

Fig. 15 is a schematic bottom view of the battery box, and fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of the battery box falling on the base. As shown in fig. 15 and 16, locking holes 61 are provided through the left and right sides at the front and rear ends of the bottom of the battery box 6, and are engaged with the first locking pin 229 and the second locking pin 2210 to connect the battery box 6 to the base 21 or the storage and charging base 4211.

The bottom of the battery box 6 is also provided with a first guide post 62, a second guide post 63 and a plug 64 with downward ends. The first guiding column 62 is configured to be matched with the first thick guiding hole 234 or the second thick guiding hole 42124, and the plug 64 of the thick guiding battery box 6 is docked with the power receiving socket module 235 and/or the power supply socket module 42125. The second guide post 63 has a height lower than that of the first guide post 62, and is configured to be engaged with the first fine guide hole 2355 or the second fine guide hole 42125d, so as to precisely guide the plug 64 of the battery box 6 to be docked with the power receiving socket body 2354 and/or the power supply socket body 42125 e.

As shown in fig. 16, when the battery box 6 is dropped onto the base 21, the stopper walls 65 at the bottom of the battery box 6 are in contact with or near contact with the outer walls of the first and second lock guides 2211 and 2212, respectively, and the battery box 6 cannot be displaced in the vehicle traveling direction (longitudinal direction). When the first lock pin 229 and the second lock pin 2210 are both in a locked state, i.e., when the first lock pin 229 and the second lock pin 2210 are both inserted into the lock hole 61 of the battery case 6, the battery case 6 cannot be displaced in the lateral or vertical direction. The two groups of locking mechanisms 22 connect the battery box 6 with the base 21 in an omnidirectional manner, so that the stability of the battery box 6 in the running process of the electric heavy truck 2 is ensured, and the damage to the electric connecting plug-in is prevented.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that: the battery replacing robot can move freely in all directions, and the structure is simple and reliable; the vehicle-mounted socket and the storage charging socket are in multi-stage floating, so that the damage of the weight of the battery box 6 to the sockets is reduced; the locking mechanism 22 on the vehicle-mounted base 21 locks the battery box 6 in an omnidirectional manner, so that the battery box 6 is prevented from shifting.

It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The above embodiment numbers of the present invention are only for description, and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.

While the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electric heavy truck battery replacement system is characterized by comprising a control system;

the electric heavy truck comprises an electric heavy truck, wherein a base is fixed behind a cab of the electric heavy truck, and the base is of a square frame structure and is used for bearing, limiting and fixing a battery box and electrically connecting the electric heavy truck with the battery box;

the electric heavy truck parking area is used for parking the heavy truck to be changed or allowing the electric heavy truck to pass through in a shuttling manner;

the battery box storage area is connected with the control system, is positioned on one side or two sides of the electric heavy card parking area, is in butt joint with a heavy card to be changed in the electric heavy card parking area along the X direction, and comprises a turnover channel and a storage charging area; the turnover channel is used for turnover of the battery box and provides a channel space for movement of the battery box; the storage charging area is positioned at one side or two sides of the turnover channel space and is used for storing and/or charging a battery box; the battery box can move between the turnover channel and the storage charging area under the lifting load of the lifting battery replacing device, namely, the battery box moves from the turnover channel to the storage charging area for storage and/or charging or moves from the storage charging area to the turnover channel;

the hoisting and electricity exchanging device is connected with the control system, is positioned above the electric heavy truck parking area and the battery box storage area, is used for hoisting and moving the electricity-shortage battery box from the electric heavy truck to the storage charging area, or moving the charged battery box from the storage charging area to the electric heavy truck, and comprises a truss and a hoisting and electricity exchanging mechanism; the truss is positioned above the electric heavy truck parking area and the battery box storage area and extends along the X direction, and a first guide rail extending along the X direction is arranged on the truss; the hoisting and electricity exchanging mechanism is movably connected to the truss along the direction of the first guide rail and comprises a first moving device, a second moving device, a hoisting driving device and a lifting appliance, the first moving device is movably connected to the truss under the guidance of the guide rail, the second moving device is movably connected to the first moving device along the Y direction, the hoisting driving device is fixedly arranged with the second moving device, and the lower end of the hoisting driving device is connected with the lifting appliance and drives the lifting appliance to lift along the Z direction; the lifting appliance is used for connecting the battery box, moves on the truss along the direction X, Y, Z under the synergistic action of the first moving device, the second moving device and the lifting driving device, lifts the battery box from the electric heavy truck in the electric heavy truck parking area, moves to the storage charging area through the turnover channel, or moves the battery box from the storage charging area through the turnover channel and places the battery box on the electric heavy truck in the electric heavy truck parking area;

and the base is provided with a locking mechanism for connecting the battery box and the base together.

2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the two sets of locking mechanisms are connected to the base at intervals along the length of the base.

3. The electric heavy truck battery replacement system according to claim 2, wherein the locking mechanism comprises a locking driving motor, a driving gear, a locking base body, a driven gear, a first lead screw nut, a second lead screw nut, a first lead screw, a second lead screw, a first locking pin, a second locking pin, a first locking guide body and a second locking guide body;

the locking driving motor is fixedly connected to the base;

the driving gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the locking driving motor;

the locking base body is rotatably connected to the base and is of a tubular structure, the axis of the locking base body is along the width direction of the base, a first lead screw nut and a second lead screw nut are coaxially fixed at two end parts of the locking base body respectively, and the rotating directions of the first lead screw nut and the second lead screw nut are symmetrical by taking the center line of the locking base body as a reference;

the driven gear is coaxially and fixedly connected with the locking base body and is meshed with the driving gear, the locking driving motor drives the locking base body to rotate through the driving gear and the driven gear which are meshed and matched, and the locking base body drives the first lead screw nut and the second lead screw nut to rotate;

the first locking guide body and the second locking guide body are fixedly and oppositely arranged on the long edges of the two sides of the base, a guide hole matched with the shape and the size of the head of the first locking pin is formed in the first locking guide body, and a guide hole matched with the shape and the size of the head of the second locking pin is formed in the second locking guide body;

one end of the first lead screw is coaxially engaged with the first lead screw nut, the other end of the first lead screw is coaxially connected with the root of the first locking pin, and the head of the first locking pin penetrates through the first locking guide body;

one end of the second lead screw is coaxially meshed with the second lead screw nut, the other end of the second lead screw is coaxially connected with the root of the second locking pin, and the head of the second locking pin penetrates through the second locking guide body.

4. The electric heavy truck battery replacement system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the base is further provided with a vehicle-mounted socket module and a guide block;

the at least three guide blocks are respectively arranged on the upper surfaces of the first locking guide body and the second locking guide body on the two groups of locking mechanisms and used for guiding the battery box to fall on the base, and the side surfaces of the guide blocks are provided with tapers;

the vehicle-mounted socket module is arranged on the upper surface of the base and used for being electrically connected with a battery box falling on the base and supplying power to the electric heavy truck.

5. The electric heavy truck power conversion system according to claim 4, wherein the vehicle-mounted socket module comprises a first bottom plate, a first support, a first elastic member, a first thick guide hole and a power receiving socket module;

the first bottom plate is arranged above the base at intervals;

at least three first supporting columns are connected with the first bottom plate and the base, one end of each first supporting column is fixedly connected with the first bottom plate, and the other end of each first supporting column is connected with the base in a sliding mode;

the number of the first elastic pieces equal to the number of the first support columns is respectively sleeved on the first support columns, and the upper end and the lower end of each first elastic piece are respectively contacted with the lower surface of the first bottom plate and the upper surface of the base;

the at least two first thick guide holes are arranged on the upper surface of the first bottom plate and used for roughly guiding a plug on the battery box to be in butt joint with the power receiving socket module;

at least one power receiving socket module is arranged on the upper surface of the first bottom plate and used for being in butt joint with a plug on the battery box.

6. The electric heavy truck power conversion system according to claim 5, wherein the power receiving socket module comprises a second bottom plate, a second support, a second elastic member, a power receiving socket body and a first fine guide hole;

the second bottom plate is arranged above the first bottom plate at intervals;

at least three second supporting columns are connected with the second bottom plate and the first bottom plate, one end of each second supporting column is fixedly connected with the second bottom plate, and the other end of each second supporting column is in sliding connection with the first bottom plate;

the number of the second elastic pieces equal to the number of the second support columns is respectively sleeved on the second support columns, and the upper ends and the lower ends of the second elastic pieces are respectively contacted with the lower surface of the second bottom plate and the upper surface of the first bottom plate;

the power receiving socket body is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the second bottom plate and is used for being in butt joint with a plug of the battery box;

at least two first accurate guiding holes are arranged on the upper surface of the second bottom plate and on two sides of the power receiving socket body and used for accurately guiding the plug on the battery box to be in butt joint with the power receiving socket body.

7. The power reloading system as recited in claim 6, wherein said first moving means comprises a first moving carrier, a first travel mechanism, a second guide rail;

the first moving carrier is a square frame;

the two second guide rails are respectively laid on two edges of the first movable carrier in the Y direction;

the first traveling mechanisms are respectively arranged on two sides of the first movable carrier in the X direction and are matched with the first guide rails, and the first traveling mechanisms carry the first movable carrier to move along the X direction under the guidance of the first guide rails.

8. The power reloading system as recited in claim 7, wherein said second moving means comprises a second moving carrier, a second traveling mechanism;

the second movable carrier is a square frame;

at least two second running mechanisms are respectively arranged on two edges of the second movable carrier in the Y direction and are respectively matched with the second guide rails, and the second running mechanisms bear the second movable carrier to move along the Y direction under the guidance of the second guide rails.

9. The electric heavy truck battery replacement system according to claim 8, wherein the storage charging area comprises a plurality of storage charging units, the plurality of storage charging units are arranged on two sides of the turnover channel in an X direction, and each storage charging unit comprises a storage charging base, a charging socket module, a locking mechanism and a guide block;

the storage charging base body is used for bearing a battery box;

the two groups of locking mechanisms are arranged on the upper surface of the storage charging base body at intervals along the length direction of the storage charging base body;

the at least three guide blocks are arranged on the upper surfaces of the first locking guide body and the second locking guide body on the storage charging base body and used for guiding the battery box to fall on the storage charging unit;

the charging socket module is arranged on the upper surface of the storage charging base body and used for being electrically connected with a battery box falling on the storage charging base body and charging the battery box.

10. The electric heavy truck replacing system according to claim 9, wherein the charging socket module comprises a third bottom plate, a third pillar, a third elastic member, a second thick guide hole and a power supply socket module;

the third bottom plate is arranged above the storage charging base at intervals;

at least three third support columns are connected with a third bottom plate and a storage charging base body, one end of each third support column is fixedly connected with the third bottom plate, and the other end of each third support column is in sliding connection with the storage charging base body;

third elastic pieces with the same number as the third support columns are respectively sleeved on the third support columns, and the upper end and the lower end of each third elastic piece are respectively contacted with the lower surface of the third bottom plate and the upper surface of the storage charging base body;

the at least two second thick guide holes are formed in the upper surface of the third bottom plate and used for roughly guiding a plug on the battery box to be in butt joint with the power supply socket module;

at least one power supply socket module is arranged on the upper surface of the third bottom plate and used for being in butt joint with a plug on the battery box.

11. The electric heavy truck power conversion system according to claim 10, wherein the power supply socket module comprises a fourth bottom plate, a fourth pillar, a fourth elastic member, a power supply socket body and a second fine guide hole;

the fourth bottom plate is arranged above the third bottom plate at intervals;

at least three fourth supporting columns are connected with the fourth bottom plate and the third bottom plate, one end of each fourth supporting column is fixedly connected with the fourth bottom plate, and the other end of each fourth supporting column is in sliding connection with the third bottom plate;

fourth elastic pieces with the same number as the fourth struts are respectively sleeved on the fourth struts, and the upper end and the lower end of each fourth elastic piece are respectively contacted with the lower surface of the fourth bottom plate and the upper surface of the third bottom plate;

the power supply socket body is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the fourth bottom plate and is used for being in butt joint with a plug of the battery box;

at least two second fine guide holes are formed in the upper surface of the fourth bottom plate and the two sides of the power supply socket body and used for accurately guiding the plug on the battery box to be in butt joint with the power supply socket body.

12. The electric heavy truck battery replacement system as claimed in claim 11, wherein the front and rear ends of the bottom of the battery box are provided with left and right locking holes for engaging with the first and second locking pins to connect the battery box with the base or the storage and charging base;

the bottom of the battery box is also provided with a first guide post, a second guide post and a plug, wherein the end parts of the first guide post, the second guide post and the plug are downward;

the first guide column is used for being matched with the first thick guide hole and the second thick guide hole, and a plug of the thick guide battery box is in butt joint with the power receiving socket module and/or the power supply socket module;

the second guide post is used for being matched with the first fine guide hole and the second fine guide hole, and accurately guiding the plug of the battery box to be in butt joint with the power receiving socket body and/or the power supply socket body.