CN213784898U - Fish pond for wild domestication of artificially proliferated released fish - Google Patents

Fish pond for wild domestication of artificially proliferated released fish Download PDF

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Publication number
CN213784898U
CN213784898U CN202022894165.1U CN202022894165U CN213784898U CN 213784898 U CN213784898 U CN 213784898U CN 202022894165 U CN202022894165 U CN 202022894165U CN 213784898 U CN213784898 U CN 213784898U
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fish
area
river channel
pond
river
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CN202022894165.1U
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李联希
何涛
郎建
杨玖贤
吴迪
康昭君
唐剑韬
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PowerChina Chengdu Engineering Co Ltd
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PowerChina Chengdu Engineering Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a fish pond for artificial propagation and releasing of fish for wild domestication of fish, which can simulate the field living environment of fish. The fish pond for wild domestication of the artificially proliferated released fish is characterized in that a water collecting pond at a high position and a fish collecting pit at a low position are communicated together through a bionic river channel with a river channel deep water area, a river channel torrent area and a river channel shoal area, so that the water flow diversity of the fish pond is increased, the fish pond is suitable for different types of fish species, the wild living environments of fishes such as deep water, torrent and shoal can be simulated really, the wild training of the artificially cultured fishes in the fish pond is facilitated, the wild adaptability of the artificially cultured fishes is effectively improved, and the survival rate of the artificially cultured fishes after releasing is further improved; in addition, a pebble bed planted with aquatic plants is arranged in the shallow beach area of the river, so that the diversity of natural vegetation of the field living environment of the fishes can be simulated, a field food source can be provided for the fishes, and the field foraging capacity of the fishes can be trained.

Description

Fish pond for wild domestication of artificially proliferated released fish
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a fish pond, in particular to a fish pond for wild domestication of artificially proliferated released fish.
Background
Every year, fish breeding stations of hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering need to release fish fries which are from tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands to rivers. However, the proliferation effect produced after multiple releasing does not reach the expected effect in most cases; one of the main reasons for this is the high mortality rate of artificially housed fish after release. There are many factors that affect the survival rate of released fish, and the lack of feeding and anti-predation ability in natural waters after release of fish is considered to be an important factor that directly results in a high mortality rate, with most released individuals dying shortly after release from hunger and predation.
The released fry is generally cultivated in a fry pond of a fish breeding station, and the fry is grown in an artificial pond to a certain scale and then is released to natural water bodies such as rivers and the like in a centralized manner. The fry pond is mostly of a reinforced concrete structure, the scale of the pond is small, and the water depth is shallow. Meanwhile, a bait culture pond is built in the station, floating plants are cultured to serve as the bait of the fry, and manual feeding is carried out. The breeding and releasing fishes are mainly in an artificial culture environment, the bait is sufficient, natural enemies and competitors are few, the individual ingestion skills of the fishes are lost, and most fishes even grow the habit of ingesting on the water surface. After releasing into the nature, the artificially cultured fishes face the problems of different surrounding environments from the culture water pool, larger difference between the bait food and the interior of a proliferation station, poor capability of competing for food resources with field fishes, lack of capability of avoiding natural enemy hunting, and the like.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide a fish pond that is used for artifical multiplication releasing fish field domestication of fish that can simulate the open-air living environment of fish.
The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is: the fish pond for wild domestication of artificially proliferated released fish comprises a water collecting pond, a bionic river channel and a fish collecting pit;
the bionic river channel comprises a river channel deep water area, a river channel torrent area and a river channel shoal area; the depth of the river deep water area is 2.5-3 m, the width of the river torrent area is smaller than that of the river deep water area, a pebble layer planted with aquatic plants is arranged in the river shallow beach area, and the width of the river shallow beach area is larger than that of the river deep water area;
a fish blocking net grid is arranged in the fish collecting pit and divides the fish collecting pit into a fishing area and a water return area;
the position of catch basin is higher than the fish gathering hole, the delivery port of catch basin is connected with the water inlet of bionical attitude river course, the delivery port of bionical attitude river course is connected with the regional water inlet of catching in fish gathering hole, be provided with the stealthily dirty pump in the return water region in fish gathering hole, the delivery port of stealthily dirty pump passes through the circulating pipe and is connected with the water inlet of catch basin.
Further, the water collecting tank is of a circular structure.
Furthermore, the wall of the water collecting tank mainly comprises a first clay cushion layer, an impermeable layer, a second clay cushion layer and a stone layer which are arranged from outside to inside in sequence.
Further, the impermeable layer is mainly made of a composite geotechnical material, and the composite geotechnical material comprises a geotechnical film and geotechnical cloth arranged on two sides of the geotechnical film respectively.
Further, the stone layer comprises a cobblestone floor and dry stone sidewalls at the sides of the cobblestone floor.
Further, the cobblestone bottom plate is formed by filling cobblestones with the particle size of 5-10 cm.
Furthermore, the river channel wall of the bionic river channel and the pit wall of the fish collecting pit are the same as the pool wall structure of the water collecting pool.
Further, the width of the river channel torrent area is 0.5-0.8 m.
Further, the width ratio of the river deep water area to the river torrent area to the river shoal area is 3:2: 5.
Further, a valve is arranged on the circulating pipe.
The utility model has the advantages that: the fish pond is characterized in that a water collecting pond at a high position and a fish collecting pit at a low position are communicated together through a bionic river channel with a river channel deep water area, a river channel torrent area and a river channel shoal area, so that the diversity of water flow of the fish pond is increased, the fish pond can adapt to different types of fish species, the wild living environments of fishes such as deep water, torrent and shoals can be simulated really, the wild training of artificially cultured fishes in the fish pond is facilitated, the wild adaptability of the artificially cultured fishes is effectively improved, and the survival rate of the artificially cultured fishes after releasing the artificially cultured fishes is further improved; in addition, a pebble bed planted with aquatic plants is arranged in the shallow beach area of the river, so that the diversity of natural vegetation of the field living environment of the fishes can be simulated, a field food source can be provided for the fishes, and the field foraging capacity of the fishes can be trained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a water collecting tank according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the river shoal area of the present invention;
labeled as: the water collecting pond 100, the first clay cushion layer 110, the impermeable layer 120, the second clay cushion layer 130, the stone layer 140, the cobble bottom plate 141, the dry masonry side wall 142, the bionic riverway 200, the riverway deep water area 210, the riverway torrent area 220, the riverway shoal area 230, the cobble layer 231, the fish collecting pit 300, the fish blocking net grid 310, the fishing area 320, the water return area 330, the submersible sewage pump 410, the circulating pipe 420 and the valve 421;
the direction of the arrows in fig. 1 indicates the direction of the water flow.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the fish pond for wild domestication of artificially proliferated released fish comprises a water collecting pond 100, a bionic river 200 and a fish collecting pit 300;
the bionic riverway 200 comprises a riverway deep water area 210, a riverway torrent area 220 and a riverway shoal area 230; the depth of the river deep water area 210 is 2.5-3 m, the width of the river torrent area 220 is smaller than that of the river deep water area 210, a pebble layer 231 planted with aquatic plants is arranged in the river shallow beach area 230, and the width of the river shallow beach area 230 is larger than that of the river deep water area 210;
a fish blocking net grid 310 is arranged in the fish collecting pit 300, and the fish blocking net grid 310 divides the fish collecting pit 300 into a fishing area 320 and a water return area 330;
the position of the water collecting tank 100 is higher than the fish collecting pit 300, the water outlet of the water collecting tank 100 is connected with the water inlet of the bionic river channel 200, the water outlet of the bionic river channel 200 is connected with the water inlet of the fishing area 320 of the fish collecting pit 300, the water return area 330 of the fish collecting pit 300 is internally provided with a submersible sewage pump 410, and the water outlet of the submersible sewage pump 410 is connected with the water inlet of the water collecting tank 100 through a circulating pipe 420.
Wherein, the water collecting tank 100 is the head of the fish pond and is mainly used for collecting circulating backwater and supplementing water so as to adjust the water quantity in the fish pond; the shape of the sump 100 may be various, preferably a biomimetic circular structure; the wall structure of the collecting tank 100 can be various, and preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the wall of the collecting tank 100 is mainly composed of a first clay mat layer 110, an impermeable layer 120, a second clay mat layer 130 and a stone layer 140 which are arranged in sequence from outside to inside.
The impermeable layer 120 is mainly used for fish pond impermeable, the impermeable layer 120 is usually made of impermeable materials, preferably composite geotechnical materials, and the composite geotechnical materials generally comprise a geomembrane and geotextiles respectively arranged at two sides of the geomembrane; the geomembrane is preferably HDPE geomembrane with the thickness of 1.5mm, and the geotextile is preferably 600g/m2The geotextile of (1); the first clay cushion layer 110 and the second clay cushion layer 130 are fish pond transition layer structures and are mainly used for protecting the impermeable layer 120 and preventing the impermeable layer 120 from being damaged; the thickness of the first clay mat layer 110 and the second clay mat layer 130 is not preferably less than 15cm to ensure a good protection effect against the impermeable layer 120.
The layer of stone 140 generally comprises a pebble bed 141 and dry masonry side walls 142 at the sides of the pebble bed 141; the stone layer 140 is an anti-impact protective layer of the anti-seepage structure of the fish pond, and the stone layer 140 of the structure has a good protective effect; the cobblestone base plate 141 is generally formed by filling cobblestones with the particle size of 5-10 cm; the cobblestone bottom plate 141 with the structure can keep the natural property of a river channel and simultaneously provide food and spawning sites for fishes; the thickness of the pebble bed plate 141 is generally 25cm or more; the side wall 142 of the dry masonry is built by masonry which has good quality, is fresh and hard, is cleaned, and is free from stones such as weathering, cracks and mud interlayers, and the grain size of the masonry is preferably 20-30 cm; backfilling, ploughing and planting soil and compacting gaps among the dry masonry blocks on the side wall 142; the thickness of the side wall 142 of the dry masonry block is not smaller than 25cm, so that a good protection effect on the anti-seepage structure of the fish pond is guaranteed.
On the basis, in order to ensure that all parts of the fish pond have good anti-seepage and anti-impact effects, the river channel wall of the bionic river channel 200 and the pit wall of the fish collecting pit 300 are generally the same as the pond wall structure of the water collecting pond 100.
The bionic river channel 200 can increase the diversity of the water flow of the fish pond to adapt to different types of fish species, and can simulate the field living environment of the fishes more truly so as to carry out wild training on the artificially cultured fishes therein and improve the field adaptability of the artificially cultured fishes; in order to construct the diversity of the bionic system, enrich the spatial morphological characteristics of the river channel, and form a diversified bionic river channel 200, the bionic river channel 200 generally has at least one river channel deep water region 210, at least one river channel torrent region 220, and at least one river channel shoal region 230, and is a zigzag structure, for example: "— shape," W "shape, etc.; generally, a part of the bionic river channel 200 is dug deeply to form a river channel deep water area 210, a part of the bionic river channel 200 is narrowed to form a river channel torrent area 220, and a pebble layer 231 is arranged on the part of the bionic river channel 200 to form a river channel shoal area 230; the cross section of the bionic river channel 200 can be in various structures, preferably in an inverted trapezoidal structure; specifically, when the bionic riverway 200 is set, the maximum cross-sectional bottom width is usually 1m, and the minimum cross-sectional bottom width is 0.4 m.
The width of the river channel deep water area 210, the width of the river channel torrent area 220 and the width of the river channel shoal area 230 generally refer to the water surface width of each area when the river channel deep water area is normally used; or the maximum width of the cross-section of each region. In order to ensure the water flow velocity of the river channel torrent area 220, the width of the river channel torrent area 220 is usually 0.5-0.8 m; the water flow speed of the river channel torrent area 220 is not less than 1.5m/s generally; in order to simulate the field living environment of fish more truly, the ratio of the widths of the river deep water area 210, the river torrent area 220 and the river shoal area 230 is preferably 3:2: 5.
The fish collecting pit 300 is mainly convenient for fishing wild fishes, two corresponding clamping grooves are usually arranged on two sides of the inner wall of the fish collecting pit 300, and two sides of the fish blocking net 310 are respectively inserted into the two clamping grooves for fixing; the fish blocking net 310 is mainly used for blocking fishes, and can be various, preferably a stainless steel screen with the mesh size of 2cm multiplied by 2 cm; in order to secure the fish blocking effect, two or more fish blocking grills 310 may be provided as necessary.
A submersible sewage pump 410 is arranged in the water return area 330 of the fish collecting pit 300 and is mainly used for pumping inflowing water back to the water collecting tank 100 to form circulation; the submersible sewage pump 410 can be provided with two or more submersible sewage pumps according to the requirement, generally three submersible sewage pumps are provided, and one submersible sewage pump is used for standby; the circulating pipe 420 is mainly used for conveying water, and is generally laid in a pipe burying way, and the pipe burying depth is not less than 0.6 m; a valve 421 is usually provided on the circulation pipe 420 for on-off control, and the valve 421 is preferably a ball valve.
To ensure that the water in the fish pond is sufficient, a water replenishing pipe may be disposed on the water collecting pond 100 to replenish water lost by evaporation, permeation, etc.

Claims (10)

1. A fish pond for the wild domestication of the artificially proliferated released fish is characterized in that: comprises a water collecting tank (100), a bionic river channel (200) and a fish collecting pit (300);
the bionic riverway (200) comprises a riverway deep water area (210), a riverway torrent area (220) and a riverway shoal area (230); the depth of the river channel deep water area (210) is 2.5-3 m, the width of the river channel torrent area (220) is smaller than that of the river channel deep water area (210), a pebble layer (231) planted with aquatic plants is arranged in the river channel shallow beach area (230), and the width of the river channel shallow beach area (230) is larger than that of the river channel deep water area (210);
a fish blocking net grid (310) is arranged in the fish collecting pit (300), and the fish blocking net grid (310) divides the fish collecting pit (300) into a fishing area (320) and a water return area (330);
the position of catch basin (100) is higher than collection fish hole (300), the delivery port of catch basin (100) is connected with the water inlet of bionical attitude river course (200), the delivery port of bionical attitude river course (200) is connected with the water inlet of the region of catching (320) of collection fish hole (300), be provided with in return water region (330) of collection fish hole (300) and stealthily dirty pump (410), the delivery port of stealthily dirty pump (410) passes through circulating pipe (420) and is connected with the water inlet of catch basin (100).
2. The fish pond for wild domestication of artificially proliferated released fish as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water collecting tank (100) is of a circular structure.
3. The fish pond for wild domestication of artificially proliferated released fish as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the wall of the water collecting tank (100) is mainly composed of a first clay cushion layer (110), an impermeable layer (120), a second clay cushion layer (130) and a stone layer (140) which are arranged from outside to inside in sequence.
4. A fish pond for wild domestication of artificially proliferated released fish as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the impermeable layer (120) is mainly made of a composite geotechnical material which comprises a geotechnical film and geotechnical cloth arranged on two sides of the geotechnical film respectively.
5. A fish pond for wild domestication of artificially proliferated released fish as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the stone layer (140) comprises a cobblestone bottom plate (141) and a dry masonry side wall (142) at the side of the cobblestone bottom plate (141).
6. The fish pond for wild domestication of artificially proliferated released fish as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the cobblestone bottom plate (141) is formed by filling cobblestones with the particle size of 5-10 cm.
7. A fish pond for wild domestication of artificially proliferated released fish according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: the river channel wall of the bionic river channel (200) and the wall of the fish collecting pit (300) are the same as the pool wall of the water collecting pool (100).
8. A fish pond for wild domestication of artificially proliferated released fish according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the width of the river channel torrent area (220) is 0.5-0.8 m.
9. The fish pond for wild domestication of artificially proliferated released fish as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the width ratio of the river deep water area (210), the river torrent area (220) and the river shoal area (230) is 3:2: 5.
10. The fish pond for wild domestication of artificially proliferated released fish as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a valve (421) is arranged on the circulating pipe (420).
CN202022894165.1U 2020-12-02 2020-12-02 Fish pond for wild domestication of artificially proliferated released fish Active CN213784898U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202022894165.1U CN213784898U (en) 2020-12-02 2020-12-02 Fish pond for wild domestication of artificially proliferated released fish

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202022894165.1U CN213784898U (en) 2020-12-02 2020-12-02 Fish pond for wild domestication of artificially proliferated released fish

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN213784898U true CN213784898U (en) 2021-07-27

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ID=76944354

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202022894165.1U Active CN213784898U (en) 2020-12-02 2020-12-02 Fish pond for wild domestication of artificially proliferated released fish

Country Status (1)

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CN (1) CN213784898U (en)

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