CN213743805U

CN213743805U - Siphon type direct-drive through-flow turbine

Info

Publication number: CN213743805U
Application number: CN202022356593.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冯建军; 张业田; 罗兴锜; 朱国俊; 吴广宽
Original assignee: Xian University of Technology
Current assignee: Xian University of Technology
Priority date: 2020-10-21
Filing date: 2020-10-21
Publication date: 2021-07-20
Anticipated expiration: 2030-10-21

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydrocone type directly drives type through-flow turbine, including the siphon, install in the siphon and directly drive type generating set, directly drive type generating set's stator fixed mounting on the inner wall of siphon, directly drive type generating set's runner and pass through the bearing and be connected with the stator. The utility model discloses a hydrocone type directly drives type through-flow turbine has solved the siphoning type hydraulic turbine main shaft that exists among the prior art and has passed the siphon, the not tight problem of sealing between the sound part that causes.

Description

Siphon type direct-drive through-flow turbine

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the hydraulic turbine, a hydrocone type directly drives type tubular turbine is related to.

Background

The coastal areas of China have abundant hydraulic resources, but with the gradual development of high-water-head hydraulic resources and the increase of the demand of electricity consumption in coastal areas, the development demand of low-water-head hydraulic resources is continuously increased. Compared with a high-water-head power station, the low-water-head power station has the advantages that under the condition of the same output, the size of a unit, the workload of civil engineering and unit investment cost are increased. Most of traditional low-head power stations adopt tubular turbine units to operate under low head or ultra-low head, and have the problems of low operation efficiency, serious unit cavitation, short operation period and the like. The siphon water turbine has the advantages of convenience in installation and maintenance, stability in operation and the like, and is very suitable for developing hydraulic resources with low water heads or ultra-low water heads, but in the prior art, a main shaft of the siphon water turbine needs to penetrate through a siphon, so that the sealing between a movable part and a static part is not tight.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a hydrocone type directly drives type through-flow turbine has solved the siphonic turbine main shaft that exists among the prior art and has passed the siphon, the not tight problem of seal between the sound part that causes.

The utility model discloses the technical scheme who adopts is, a siphon type directly drives type through-flow turbine, including the siphon, install in the siphon and directly drive type generating set, directly drive type generating set's stator fixed mounting on the inner wall of siphon, directly drive type generating set's runner passes through the bearing and is connected with the stator.

The utility model is also characterized in that,

the siphon comprises a water inlet section, an ascending section, a hump section, a horizontal section and a descending section which are sequentially connected into a whole, and the direct-drive generator set is arranged on the horizontal section.

And the front end and the rear end of the direct-drive generator set are also provided with an inflow guide pipe and an outflow diffusion pipe, and the inflow guide pipe and the outflow diffusion pipe are positioned in the siphon.

The inflow guide pipe comprises an inflow guide section and an inflow straight pipe section which are sequentially connected, and the inflow straight pipe section is connected with an inlet of the direct-drive generator set.

The diffusion pipe of effluenting includes the straight tube section of effluenting and the diffusion section of effluenting that connects gradually, and the straight tube section of effluenting connects the export of direct drive type generating set.

The inlet of the water inlet section is of a bell jar shape, the length of the bell jar shape is 0.425D, the diameter of the inlet of the water inlet section is 2D, the diameters of other straight pipe sections of the siphon are D, and the length of the horizontal section is not less than 1.2D.

The diameters of the outflow straight pipe section and the inflow straight pipe section are the same as the inner diameter of the rotating wheel, the lengths of the outflow straight pipe section and the inflow straight pipe section are 0.15D, and the lengths of the central lines of the inflow guide pipe and the outflow diffusion pipe are 0.5D and 0.4D respectively.

The inside diameter of the runner is 0.83D, the outside diameter is 0.9D, and the inside and outside diameters of the stator are 0.93D and D respectively.

The minimum thickness delta of the tube walls of the siphon, the inflow guide tube and the outflow diffusion tube is larger than or equal to D/130.

The mounting angle alpha of the runner blade meets the following requirements: alpha is more than or equal to 5 degrees and less than or equal to 20 degrees, the distance between the blade tip and the center of the rotating wheel is less than 0.03D, the airfoil chord length at the blade tip is more than 0.05D, and the airfoil chord length at the blade root is more than 0.3D.

The hump section is also provided with a check valve and a vacuum breaking valve, and the check valve is connected with a vacuum pump.

The utility model has the advantages that: the direct-drive generator set is arranged in the horizontal section of the siphon pipe, the generator set consists of a stator and a runner, the stator is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the horizontal section, the runner is connected with the stator through a bearing, and a rotating shaft does not need to be arranged in the center of the runner, so that the sealing problem between a movable part and a static part caused by the fact that the rotating shaft extends out of the siphon pipe is avoided; except that the inlet section of the siphon is bell-jar-shaped, all the other sections of the siphon are circular straight pipes, the ascending section and the horizontal section are connected with the descending section by adopting bent pipes, and the bending angles of the bent pipes are all smaller than 20 degrees, so that the design has the advantage of ensuring that the on-way resistance of the siphon is smaller; compared with an arc-shaped bent pipe, the straight pipe is simpler and more convenient to process, and the cost is more advantageous. An inflow guide device and an outflow diffusion device are arranged in front of and behind the direct-drive generator set, so that the speed and the stability of water flow passing through the rotating wheel are improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a siphoning type direct-drive through-flow turbine of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a direct drive type generator set in a siphonic direct drive type tubular turbine of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a direct drive type turbine runner of the siphonic direct drive type tubular turbine of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the excitation mode of the direct drive type generator set in the siphon type direct drive type tubular turbine of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the inflow diversion and outflow diffusion tube of the siphon direct-drive type tubular turbine of the present invention.

In the figure, 1 part of a siphon pipe, 1-1 part of a water inlet section, 1-2 parts of an ascending section, 1-3 parts of a hump section, 1-4 parts of a horizontal section, 1-5 parts of a descending section, 2 parts of a vacuum breaking valve, 3 parts of a one-way valve, 4 parts of an inflow guide pipe, 4-1 parts of an inflow guide section, 4-2 parts of an inflow straight pipe section, 5 parts of a direct-drive generator set, 6 parts of an outflow diffusion pipe, 6-1 parts of an outflow straight pipe section, 6-2 parts of an outflow diffusion section, 7 parts of a stator, 8 parts of a rotating wheel and 9 parts of a permanent magnet.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The utility model relates to a hydrocone type directly drives type through-flow turbine, its structure is as shown in figure 1, including siphon 1, install direct drive type generating set 5 in the siphon 1, direct drive type generating set 5's stator 7 fixed mounting is on the inner wall of siphon 1, as shown in figure 2-4, direct drive type generating set 5's runner 8 passes through the bearing and is connected with stator 7.

The siphon 1 comprises a water inlet section 1-1, an ascending section 1-2, a hump section 1-3, a horizontal section 1-4 and a descending section 1-5 which are sequentially connected into a whole, and a direct-drive generator set 5 is arranged on the horizontal section 1-4.

An inflow guide pipe 4 and an outflow diffusion pipe 6 are further arranged at the front end and the rear end of the direct-drive generator set 5, and the inflow guide pipe 4 and the outflow diffusion pipe 6 are located inside the siphon 1.

As shown in fig. 5, the inflow draft tube 4 comprises an inflow draft section 4-1 and an inflow straight tube section 4-2 which are connected in sequence, and the inflow straight tube section 4-2 is connected with an inlet of the direct drive type generator set 5.

The outflow diffusion pipe 6 comprises an outflow straight pipe section 6-1 and an outflow diffusion section 6-2 which are connected in sequence, and the outflow straight pipe section 6-1 is connected with an outlet of the direct-drive generator set 5.

The inlet of the water inlet section 1-1 is in a bell shape, the length of the bell shape is 0.425D, so that the submergence depth of the inlet is more than 1.5D, the diameter of the inlet of the water inlet section 1-1 is 2D, the diameters of other straight pipe sections of the siphon 1 are D, and the length of the horizontal section 1-4 is not less than 1.2D, which aims to ensure that the water flow passing through the hump section is fully developed, and to reserve enough space for installing a generator set.

The diameters of the outflow straight pipe section 6-1 and the inflow straight pipe section 4-2 are the same as the inner diameter of the rotating wheel 8, the lengths are 0.15D, and the lengths of the central lines of the inflow guide pipe 4 and the outflow diffusion pipe 6 are 0.5D and 0.4D respectively.

The inner diameter of the rotating wheel 8 is 0.83D, the outer diameter of the rotating wheel 8 is 0.9D, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the stator 7 are respectively 0.93D and D, the stator 7 is in interference fit with the horizontal section 1-4 of the siphon pipe, and the stator 7 is connected with the rotating wheel 8 through a bearing.

The minimum thickness delta of the tube walls of the siphon 1, the inflow draft tube 4 and the outflow diffusion tube 6 is larger than or equal to D/130.

The blade installation angle alpha of the runner 8 meets the following requirements: alpha is more than or equal to 5 degrees and less than or equal to 20 degrees, the distance between the blade tip and the center of the rotating wheel is less than 0.03D, the airfoil chord length at the blade tip is more than 0.05D, and the airfoil chord length at the blade root is more than 0.3D.

The hump section 1-3 is also provided with a check valve 3 and a vacuum breaking valve 2, and the check valve 3 is connected with a vacuum pump.

In order to facilitate the sealing and insulation of the direct-drive generator set 5, the whole structure of the generator set 5 is arranged in a rotary magnetic field mode, namely, the rotating wheel 8 is arranged inside the stator 7, the rotating wheel 8 and the stator 7 are arranged in an inner rotor structure, the permanent magnet 9 is arranged at the wheel edge of the rotating wheel 8 in an internal mode, the direct-drive generator set is adopted, a rotating shaft is not required to be arranged in the center of the rotating wheel, and the problem that the sealing of the position of a rotating wheel main shaft extending out of a siphon pipe is difficult is solved; the direct-drive generator set is completely arranged in the siphon, so that the integral sealing of the siphon is more convenient and feasible. Direct drive generating set adopts the arrangement structure of inner rotor, and the excitation mode adopts the permanent magnet excitation, and the runner directly links to each other with generating set and does not have extra mechanical transmission, has formed compact unit structure, is convenient for the utility model discloses overall structure realizes the compactness and arranges.

Arrange the unit differently in the dam with conventional tubular turbine, the utility model discloses a horizontal segment 1-4 of siphon installs in the top of dam, and the entry of section 1-1 of intaking is in the upstream surface of water, and the export of descending section 1-5 is located the low reaches surface of water under, draws water from the top of dam advantage lie in, has reduced earthwork excavation operation and unnecessary factory building construction, the utility model relates to a siphon and direct drive type generating set's installation, maintenance and maintenance are more convenient, have reduced the unit investment cost and the operating cost of development low head or ultra-low head water conservancy resource.

The utility model is provided with a vacuum breaker valve and a one-way valve at the highest position of the hump section of the siphon, the vacuum breaker valve is used for preventing the siphon from being damaged due to atmospheric pressure extrusion when the pressure in the siphon is too low, and the vacuum breaker valve is opened when the unit needs to be shut down, so that air flows into the siphon to break vacuum and stop the unit; the one-way valve is used for connecting a vacuum pump to exhaust air in the siphon when the unit is started.

The utility model discloses siphon ascending section and horizontal segment, horizontal segment adopt the flex return bend to be connected with descending section, and the turn angle theta of flex return bend all is less than 20, can guarantee like this that siphon resistance coefficient is less.

The utility model discloses the inflow guiding device that sets up around the direct drive type generating set with the rivers that the diffusion plant that effluents locates the adversion wheel in the siphon horizontal segment through the venturi effect with higher speed, and the inflow guiding device is the flex return bend with the diffusion plant that effluences.

The utility model relates to a hydrocone type directly drives type tubular turbine's theory of operation does:

when the direct-drive generator set 5 is not started, a certain height difference is formed between the upstream water surface and the downstream water surface, and the inlet of the bell-jar-shaped water inlet section 1-1 and the outlet of the descending section 1-5 are both submerged below the water surface. When the direct-drive generator set 5 needs to be started, the check valve 3 is connected with the vacuum pump to discharge air in the siphon pipe 1, along with the gradual discharge of the air in the siphon pipe 1, the water level in the pipe gradually rises until the air in the hump section 1-3 of the siphon pipe is completely discharged, the hump section 1-3 forms negative pressure, and after the rotating wheel is completely submerged, the siphon effect and the gravity enable the water in the pipe to start flowing to push the direct-drive generator set 5 to start generating. When the direct-drive generator set 5 needs to be shut down, the vacuum breaker valve 2 is opened, air enters the pipe to break the negative pressure of the hump section 3, water flow stops flowing, the direct-drive generator set 5 is automatically shut down, and the vacuum breaker valve 2 also has the function of preventing the negative pressure formed by the hump section 3 of the siphon pipe from breaking the siphon pipe 1 under the action of atmospheric pressure when the height difference between the upstream water surface and the downstream water surface is overlarge.

The utility model relates to a hydrocone type directly drives type through-flow turbine sets up directly driving type generating set at the siphon horizontal segment, and the runner passes through the bearing with the stator and is connected, and the runner center need not set up the pivot, has avoided traditional hydrocone type generating set main shaft to wear out the sealed problem between the sound part that the siphon caused. The inlet section of the siphon is bell-jar type, the submerging depth of the inlet is more than 1.5D, so as to stabilize the incoming flow as much as possible and reduce the surface vortex and the submerging vortex at the inlet, the rest sections of the siphon all adopt circular straight pipes, and the bending angles of the bending elbow pipes connecting the ascending section, the descending section and the horizontal section are all less than 20 degrees, so that the local resistance coefficient of the elbow pipes can be ensured to be small, and the water flow flowing into the runner has larger flow speed and stable flow state.

The utility model has the advantages of no civil engineering, low cost, and convenient installation, maintenance and overhaul.

Claims

1. The siphoning type direct-drive through-flow turbine is characterized by comprising a siphon (1), wherein a direct-drive generator set (5) is installed in the siphon (1), a stator (7) of the direct-drive generator set (5) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the siphon (1), and a rotating wheel (8) of the direct-drive generator set (5) is connected with the stator (7) through a bearing.

2. The siphonic direct-drive type through-flow turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the siphon (1) comprises a water inlet section (1-1), an ascending section (1-2), a hump section (1-3), a horizontal section (1-4) and a descending section (1-5) which are sequentially connected into a whole, and the direct-drive type generator set (5) is installed on the horizontal section (1-4).

3. The siphonic direct-drive type tubular turbine as claimed in claim 2, wherein an inflow guide pipe (4) and an outflow diffuser pipe (6) are further arranged at the front end and the rear end of the direct-drive type generator set (5), and the inflow guide pipe (4) and the outflow diffuser pipe (6) are located inside the siphon (1).

4. The siphonic direct-drive type through-flow turbine as claimed in claim 3, wherein the inflow guide pipe (4) comprises an inflow guide section (4-1) and an inflow straight pipe section (4-2) which are connected in sequence, and the inflow straight pipe section (4-2) is connected with the inlet of the direct-drive type generator set (5).

5. The siphonic direct-drive type through-flow turbine according to claim 3, wherein the outflow diffuser pipe (6) comprises an outflow straight pipe section (6-1) and an outflow diffuser section (6-2) which are connected in sequence, and the outflow straight pipe section (6-1) is connected with an outlet of the direct-drive type generator set (5).

6. The siphonic direct-drive type through-flow turbine according to claim 5, wherein the inlet of the water inlet section (1-1) is in the shape of a bell jar, the length of the bell jar is 0.425D, the diameter of the inlet of the water inlet section (1-1) is 2D, the diameter of the other straight pipe sections of the siphon (1) is D, and the length of the horizontal section (1-4) is not less than 1.2D.

7. The siphonic direct-drive type through-flow turbine according to claim 6, wherein the diameters of the outflow straight pipe section (6-1) and the inflow straight pipe section (4-2) are the same as the inner diameter of the runner (8), the lengths of the outflow straight pipe section and the inflow straight pipe section are 0.15D, and the lengths of the central lines of the inflow guide pipe (4) and the outflow diffuser pipe (6) are 0.5D and 0.4D respectively.

8. The siphonic direct-drive through-flow turbine according to claim 7, wherein the inner diameter of the runner (8) is 0.83D, the outer diameter of the runner is 0.9D, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the stator (7) are respectively 0.93D and D, and the blade installation angle α of the runner (8) satisfies the following conditions: alpha is more than or equal to 5 degrees and less than or equal to 20 degrees, the distance between the blade tip and the center of the rotating wheel is less than 0.03D, the airfoil chord length at the blade tip is more than 0.05D, and the airfoil chord length at the blade root is more than 0.3D.

9. The siphonic direct-drive type tubular turbine according to claim 7, wherein the minimum thickness δ of the tube walls of the siphon (1), the inflow draft tube (4) and the outflow diffuser tube (6) is larger than or equal to D/130.

10. The siphonic direct-drive type through-flow turbine as claimed in claim 2, wherein the hump section (1-3) is further provided with a one-way valve (3) and a vacuum breaker valve (2), and the one-way valve (3) is connected with a vacuum pump.