CN213660534U - Battery pack shell, battery pack and electric vehicle - Google Patents

Battery pack shell, battery pack and electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN213660534U
CN213660534U CN202022439379.XU CN202022439379U CN213660534U CN 213660534 U CN213660534 U CN 213660534U CN 202022439379 U CN202022439379 U CN 202022439379U CN 213660534 U CN213660534 U CN 213660534U
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China
Prior art keywords
explosion
battery pack
proof valve
cavity
isolation
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CN202022439379.XU
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Chinese (zh)
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陶乃束
杨昆
彭青波
陈佳佳
蒋一苗
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BYD Co Ltd
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BYD Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

The application discloses battery package casing, battery package and electric vehicle. The battery shell comprises a shell body, an explosion-proof valve and a drying device, wherein an accommodating cavity and an isolation cavity are arranged in the shell body, and the accommodating cavity is used for accommodating a battery module; the accommodating cavity is communicated with the isolation cavity, and the isolation cavity can be communicated with external air; the containing cavity can be communicated with the external air through the isolation cavity; an explosion-proof valve is arranged at the communication position of the isolation cavity and the external air, and the explosion-proof valve has an opening state and a closing state; when the explosion-proof valve is in an open state, the isolation cavity is communicated with the outside air; when the explosion-proof valve is in a closed state, the isolation cavity is isolated from the external air; a drying device is arranged in the isolation cavity; when the explosion-proof valve is in an open state, external air sequentially passes through the explosion-proof valve and the drying device and enters the accommodating cavity.

Description

Battery pack shell, battery pack and electric vehicle
Technical Field
The present application relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and more particularly, to a battery pack case, a battery pack, and an electric vehicle.
Background
With the increasing promotion of new energy automobiles in China, the pure electric automobile with the characteristics of green and environmental protection becomes the inevitable trend of the development of the automobile industry in the future, and the pure electric automobile gradually replaces the traditional fuel passenger car to become a common daily travel vehicle. The power source of the electric automobile is a lithium ion battery, and as an important component of the electric automobile, the safety performance of the lithium ion battery has been receiving attention. At present, the battery package among the prior art only installs membrane type explosion-proof valve or waterproof ventilation valve usually and balances the inside and outside atmospheric pressure of battery package, above-mentioned membrane type explosion-proof valve or waterproof ventilation valve can waterproof ventilative, but can't avoid humid air (the air that contains steam) to enter into the battery package, and will take place the condensation phenomenon when humid air enters into the inside accumulation of battery package to the certain degree, and then at the inside liquid water that forms of battery package, can seriously influence the security of battery package like this, threaten driver and passenger.
In view of the above, a new technical solution is needed to solve the above technical problems.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the present application is to provide a new technical solution for a battery pack case, a battery pack, and an electric vehicle.
According to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a battery pack case including:
the battery module comprises a shell body, wherein an accommodating cavity and an isolating cavity are arranged in the shell body, and the accommodating cavity is used for accommodating the battery module; the accommodating cavity is communicated with the isolating cavity, and the isolating cavity can be communicated with external air; the accommodating cavity can be communicated with the external air through the isolation cavity;
the explosion-proof valve is arranged at the communication position of the isolation cavity and the external air, and has an opening state and a closing state; the isolation chamber is in communication with outside air when the explosion-proof valve is in the open state; when the explosion-proof valve is in the closed state, the isolation cavity is isolated from the external air;
the drying device is arranged in the isolation cavity;
when the explosion-proof valve is in the open state, external air sequentially passes through the explosion-proof valve and the drying device and enters the accommodating cavity.
Optionally, the isolation cavity has an outer side wall, the explosion-proof valve includes an explosion-proof switch, the explosion-proof switch is connected at the outer side wall, and the explosion-proof switch is exposed to the outside air; the explosion-proof switch is turned on, and the explosion-proof valve is in the opening state; and the explosion-proof switch is closed, and the explosion-proof valve is in the closed state.
Optionally, a pressure sensor is arranged in the explosion-proof valve, the pressure sensor is configured to measure an air pressure value in the isolation cavity, the pressure sensor has a preset air pressure threshold, the pressure sensor is electrically connected with an external control unit, the external control unit is electrically connected with the explosion-proof switch, and when the air pressure value in the isolation cavity is inconsistent with the preset air pressure threshold, the external control unit controls the explosion-proof switch to be turned on.
Optionally, the explosion-proof valve includes a pressure relief sheet exposed in the receiving cavity.
Optionally, the isolation cavity has an outer side wall, and the outer side wall is provided with a mounting port; the drying device is arranged at the mounting opening.
Optionally, drying device includes drier, drying box and lid, the drier set up in the drying box, the drying box has the confession the drier business turn over the opening of drying box, the drying box set up in keep apart the intracavity just the opening orientation the installing port sets up, lid detachably cover in the installing port reaches opening department.
Optionally, the lid is detachably connected to the outer sidewall by a fastener.
Optionally, the drying device further comprises a sealing ring, and the sealing ring is arranged at the mounting opening.
According to a second aspect of the present application, there is provided a battery pack including the battery pack case according to the first aspect.
According to a third aspect of the present application, there is provided an electric vehicle including the battery pack according to the second aspect.
The technical scheme adopted by the application can achieve the following beneficial effects:
the battery pack shell provided by the embodiment of the application can dry the air entering the battery pack, and the external humid air is prevented from directly entering the battery pack, so that the safety of the battery pack is effectively improved.
Further features of the present application and advantages thereof will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a battery pack case according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of outside air into the battery pack case of the present application;
fig. 3a, 3b and 3c are schematic views of the opening state of the explosion-proof valve in the battery pack case according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a partial structural schematic view one of a battery pack housing according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is an exploded view of a battery pack housing according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a configuration of a drying device in a battery can casing according to one embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery pack case according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application unless specifically stated otherwise.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the application, its application, or uses.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
Referring to fig. 1-2, according to one embodiment of the present application, a battery pack housing is provided. The battery shell comprises a shell body 1, an explosion-proof valve 2 and a drying device 3, wherein an accommodating cavity 102 and an isolation cavity 101 are arranged in the shell body 1, and the accommodating cavity 102 is used for accommodating a battery module; the accommodating cavity 102 is communicated with the isolation cavity 101, the isolation cavity 101 can be communicated with the outside air, and the accommodating cavity 102 can be communicated with the outside air through the isolation cavity 101; the explosion-proof valve 2 is arranged at the communication position of the isolation cavity 101 and the outside air, and the explosion-proof valve 2 has an opening state and a closing state; in the open state of the explosion-proof valve 2, the isolation chamber 101 is communicated with the outside air; when the explosion-proof valve 2 is in the closed state, the isolation cavity 101 is isolated from the outside air; the drying device 3 is arranged in the isolation cavity 101, specifically, the drying device 3 is arranged at the communication position of the isolation cavity 101 and the accommodating cavity 102, and the isolation cavity 101 is communicated with the accommodating cavity 102 through the drying device 3; when the explosion-proof valve 2 is in the open state, the external air sequentially passes through the explosion-proof valve 2 and the drying device 3 and enters the accommodating cavity 102.
Referring to the arrow direction in fig. 2, in the battery pack case provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the external air first passes through the isolation chamber 101 before entering the internal cavity of the battery pack, i.e., the accommodating chamber 102 for accommodating the battery modules; in addition, not only the explosion-proof valve 2 into which outside air can enter but also a drying device 3 for drying the outside air are provided in the isolation chamber 101. When the explosion-proof valve 2 is in an open state, after the external air enters the isolation chamber 101 from the explosion-proof valve 2, the external air firstly passes through the drying device 3 and then enters the accommodating chamber 102. Thus, the external air entering the accommodating cavity 102 can firstly pass through the drying effect of the drying device 3, the drying device 3 absorbs moisture in the external air, and the external air is converted into dry air, so that the moist air is prevented from entering the accommodating cavity 102 inside the battery pack, and the safety of the battery pack is effectively improved.
Referring to fig. 2, 3 a-3 c, in one embodiment, the isolation chamber 101 has an outer side wall 1011, the explosion-proof valve 2 includes an explosion-proof switch 201, the explosion-proof switch 201 is connected to the outer side wall 1011, and the explosion-proof switch 201 is exposed to the outside air; the explosion-proof switch 201 is opened, and the explosion-proof valve 2 is in the open state; the explosion-proof switch 201 is closed, and the explosion-proof valve 2 is in the closed state.
In this specific example, the explosion-proof valve 2 is installed at the outer sidewall 1011 of the insulation chamber 101, and the explosion-proof switch 201 of the explosion-proof valve 2 is exposed to the outside air. It can be understood that a mounting hole is opened on the outer side wall 1011, a part of the explosion-proof valve 2 enters the inside of the insulating chamber 101 through the mounting hole, and the explosion-proof switch 201 is exposed to the mounting hole. Specifically, the housing body 1 includes an upper housing 111 and a lower housing 112 that are fastened to each other, and the outer sidewall 1011 may be a frame on the lower housing 112.
In one embodiment, a pressure sensor is further disposed in the explosion-proof valve 2, the pressure sensor is configured to measure an air pressure value in the isolation chamber 101, the pressure sensor has a preset air pressure threshold value, the pressure sensor is electrically connected to an external control unit, the external control unit is electrically connected to the explosion-proof switch 201, and when the air pressure value in the isolation chamber 101 is inconsistent with the preset air pressure threshold value, the external control unit controls the explosion-proof switch 201 to be turned on.
In the present embodiment, the explosion-proof valve 2 is an intelligent explosion-proof valve, which can make a judgment on the air pressure value in the isolation chamber 101 through an internally arranged pressure sensor. In particular, the pressure sensor has a preset air pressure threshold value, which is in particular an atmospheric pressure, that is to say the preset air pressure threshold value is the air pressure value of the outside air. When the air pressure value in the isolation cavity 101 is inconsistent with the external atmospheric pressure, the pressure sensor sends a signal to the external control unit, and the external control unit controls the explosion-proof switch 201 to be opened. Specifically, if the air pressure value in the isolation chamber 101 is smaller than the external atmospheric pressure, after the explosion-proof switch 201 is turned on, external air will flow into the isolation chamber 101 through the explosion-proof switch 201; when the pressure value in the isolation cavity 101 is greater than the external atmospheric pressure, then after the explosion-proof switch 201 is turned on, the gas in the isolation cavity 101 will flow out to the external environment through the explosion-proof switch 201. Thus, the explosion-proof valve 2 can balance the air pressure inside and outside the battery pack. And, when the atmospheric pressure value in the isolation chamber 101 is the same with the external atmospheric pressure, the explosion-proof switch 201 is closed, and the explosion-proof valve 2 is in a closed state, so that the air inside and outside the battery pack can be prevented from freely convecting, the workload of the drying device can be reduced, and the service life of the drying device is prolonged. Fig. 3a shows the explosion-proof switch 201 in a closed state, fig. 3b shows the explosion-proof switch 201 in a partially opened state, and fig. 3c shows the explosion-proof switch 201 in a fully opened state. Further, the external control unit may be, for example, a Battery Management System (BMS) inside the battery pack. It can be understood that, since the accommodating chamber 102 is communicated with the isolation chamber 101, the air pressure value in the isolation chamber 101 is equal to the air pressure value in the accommodating chamber 102.
Referring to fig. 4, in one embodiment, the explosion proof valve 2 includes a pressure relief sheet 202, and the pressure relief sheet 202 is exposed to the receiving cavity 102.
If the battery pack is out of order and thermal runaway occurs, the accommodating cavity 102 in the battery pack can generate a large amount of gas, the air pressure value in the battery pack can be rapidly increased, and the explosion-proof valve 2 is switched to an open state to discharge the gas in the battery pack. However, since the accommodating chamber 102 inside the battery pack is communicated with the isolation chamber 101 via the drying device 3, if the gas inside the battery pack needs to first pass through the drying device 3 when being exhausted, the exhaust of the gas is greatly hindered, and the gas cannot be exhausted quickly in time. Therefore, in the embodiment, the pressure relief sheet 202 exposed in the accommodating cavity 102 is arranged on the explosion-proof valve 2, so that once the battery pack is thermally out of control, the gas in the accommodating cavity 102 can burst the pressure relief sheet 202 and be directly discharged from the explosion-proof valve 2, and thus the gas in the battery pack can be timely and quickly discharged. Specifically, optionally, the pressure relief sheet 202 is an aluminum sheet, which is thin in texture, and a scratch structure may be provided on the pressure relief sheet 202, where the pressure relief sheet 202 is the weakest part in the case of the battery pack, so as to ensure that the pressure relief sheet 202 can be broken in time when thermal runaway of the battery pack occurs.
Referring to fig. 5, in one embodiment, the isolation chamber 101 has an outer sidewall 1011, and the outer sidewall 1011 defines a mounting opening 1012; the drying device 3 is disposed at the mounting port 1012.
In this specific example, the drying device 3 can be attached and detached through the attachment port 1012, and thus the drying device 3 can be attached and detached easily. When the drying device 3 needs to be replaced, the whole battery pack shell does not need to be opened, the battery pack does not need to be detached from the whole vehicle, and the operation cost is saved.
Referring to fig. 6, in an embodiment, the drying device 3 further includes a drying agent 301, a drying box 302 and a box cover 303, the drying agent 301 is disposed in the drying box 302, the drying box 302 has an opening portion for the drying agent 301 to enter and exit from the drying box 302, the drying box 302 is disposed in the isolation chamber 101 and the opening portion is disposed toward the mounting opening 1012, and the box cover 303 is detachably covered on the mounting opening 1012 and the opening portion.
In this embodiment, the drying device 3 specifically includes a drying agent 301, a drying box 302 and a box cover 303, and since the drying agent 301 has a certain water absorption weight requirement, it needs to be replaced in time after a period of time, otherwise, it will not have a drying effect after it is saturated with water. In this embodiment, since the box cover 303 is detachably installed, when the drying agent 301 needs to be replaced, only the box cover 303 needs to be detached and then the drying agent 301 needs to be taken out for replacement, the whole drying device 3 does not need to be detached, and the operation is simple and convenient, and the efficiency is high.
In one embodiment, the box cover 303 is detachably connected to the outer sidewall 1011 by a fastener.
In this specific example, the box cover 303 is specifically connected to the outer sidewall 1011 by a fastener, such as the fastening bolt 305, so that the box cover 303 can be easily mounted and dismounted. When the drying agent 301 needs to be replaced, the box cover 303 is detached only by unscrewing the fastening bolt 305, and the drying box 302 does not need to be taken out of the isolation cavity 101; after the drying agent 301 is replaced, the box cover 303 is fixed to the outer side wall 1011 by the fastening bolt 305, so that the replacement of the drying agent 301 is very easy. Further, the size of the box cover 303 is larger than the opening parts of the mounting opening 1012 and the drying box 302, the box cover 303 completely covers the opening parts of the mounting opening 1012 and the drying box 302, and the edge part of the box cover 303 beyond the opening parts of the mounting opening 1012 and the drying box 302 is detachably connected with the outer side wall 1011 by screwing the fastening bolt 305, so that the box cover 303 can tightly cover the opening parts of the mounting opening 1012 and the drying box 302, the sealing performance between the drying device and the mounting opening 1012 is ensured, and the waterproof and dustproof requirements of the battery pack are met.
Referring to fig. 6, in an embodiment, the drying device 3 further includes a sealing ring 304, and the sealing ring 304 is disposed at the mounting opening 1012.
In this specific example, the sealing ring 304 is provided at the mounting port 1012, so that the sealing property between the drying device and the mounting port 1012 can be further improved, and the waterproof and dustproof requirements of the battery pack can be satisfied.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, more specifically, the drying box 302 is provided with a first air inlet 3021 and an air outlet 3022, the first air inlet 3021 is disposed toward the explosion-proof valve 2, the air outlet 3022 is communicated with the accommodating cavity 102, more specifically, the accommodating cavity 102 is provided with a second air inlet 1021, and the air outlet 3022 is communicated with the second air inlet 1021. After entering from the explosion-proof valve 2, the external air enters the drying box 302 through the first air inlet port 3021, and after the drying agent 301 dries the external air, the dried air enters the accommodating cavity 102 through the air outlet port 3022 and the second air inlet port 1021.
According to another embodiment of the present application, there is provided a battery pack including the battery pack case as described above.
The battery pack provided by the embodiment of the application can dry the air entering the inside of the battery pack due to the arrangement of the battery pack shell, and the external humid air is prevented from directly entering the battery pack, so that the safety of the battery pack is effectively improved.
According to still another embodiment of the present application, there is provided an electric vehicle including the battery pack as described above.
In the above embodiments, the differences between the embodiments are described in emphasis, and different optimization features between the embodiments can be combined to form a better embodiment as long as the differences are not contradictory, and further description is omitted here in consideration of brevity of the text.
Although some specific embodiments of the present application have been described in detail by way of example, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. The scope of the application is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A battery pack housing, comprising:
the battery shell comprises a shell body (1), wherein an isolation cavity (101) and an accommodating cavity (102) are arranged in the shell body (1), and the accommodating cavity (102) is used for accommodating a battery module; the accommodating cavity (102) is communicated with the isolating cavity (101), and the isolating cavity (101) can be communicated with external air; the accommodating cavity (102) can be communicated with the external air through the isolation cavity (101);
the explosion-proof valve (2) is arranged at the communication position of the isolation cavity (101) and the outside air, and the explosion-proof valve (2) has an opening state and a closing state; -said insulating chamber (101) is in communication with the outside air in said open condition of said explosion-proof valve (2); when the explosion-proof valve (2) is in the closed state, the isolation cavity (101) is isolated from the outside air;
the drying device (3) is arranged in the isolation cavity (101);
when the explosion-proof valve (2) is in the open state, external air sequentially passes through the explosion-proof valve (2) and the drying device (3) and enters the accommodating cavity (102).
2. The battery pack case according to claim 1, wherein the insulation chamber (101) has an outer side wall (1011), the explosion-proof valve (2) comprises an explosion-proof switch (201), the explosion-proof switch (201) is connected at the outer side wall (1011), and the explosion-proof switch (201) is exposed to the outside air; the explosion-proof switch (201) is opened, and the explosion-proof valve (2) is in the open state; the explosion-proof switch (201) is closed, and the explosion-proof valve (2) is in the closed state.
3. A battery pack housing according to claim 2, wherein a pressure sensor is arranged in the explosion-proof valve (2), the pressure sensor is configured to measure the air pressure value in the isolation chamber (101), the pressure sensor has a preset air pressure threshold value, the pressure sensor is electrically connected with an external control unit, the external control unit is electrically connected with the explosion-proof switch (201), and when the air pressure value in the isolation chamber (101) is not consistent with the preset air pressure threshold value, the external control unit controls the explosion-proof switch (201) to be opened.
4. The battery pack case according to claim 1, wherein the explosion-proof valve (2) includes a pressure relief sheet (202), the pressure relief sheet (202) being exposed in the accommodation chamber (102).
5. The battery pack housing according to claim 1, wherein the isolation cavity (101) has an outer sidewall (1011), the outer sidewall (1011) defining a mounting opening (1012); the drying device (3) is arranged at the mounting opening (1012).
6. The battery pack case according to claim 5, wherein the drying device (3) includes a drying agent (301), a drying box (302), and a box cover (303), the drying agent (301) is disposed in the drying box (302), the drying box (302) has an opening portion for the drying agent (301) to enter and exit the drying box (302), the drying box (302) is disposed in the isolation chamber (101) and the opening portion is disposed toward the mounting opening (1012), and the box cover (303) detachably covers the mounting opening (1012) and the opening portion.
7. A battery pack housing according to claim 6, wherein the lid (303) is detachably connected to the outer side wall (1011) by means of fasteners.
8. The battery pack housing according to claim 6, wherein the drying device (3) further comprises a sealing ring (304), the sealing ring (304) being provided at the mounting opening (1012).
9. A battery pack, characterized in that the battery pack comprises a battery pack case according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. An electric vehicle characterized by comprising the battery pack according to claim 9.
CN202022439379.XU 2020-10-28 2020-10-28 Battery pack shell, battery pack and electric vehicle Active CN213660534U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202022439379.XU CN213660534U (en) 2020-10-28 2020-10-28 Battery pack shell, battery pack and electric vehicle

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202022439379.XU CN213660534U (en) 2020-10-28 2020-10-28 Battery pack shell, battery pack and electric vehicle

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113680181A (en) * 2021-08-12 2021-11-23 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 Drying device and battery pack
CN113921941A (en) * 2021-09-10 2022-01-11 东风时代(武汉)电池系统有限公司 Thermal runaway control system and method for power battery pack

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113680181A (en) * 2021-08-12 2021-11-23 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 Drying device and battery pack
CN113921941A (en) * 2021-09-10 2022-01-11 东风时代(武汉)电池系统有限公司 Thermal runaway control system and method for power battery pack
CN113921941B (en) * 2021-09-10 2023-09-29 东风时代(武汉)电池系统有限公司 Power battery pack thermal runaway control system and method

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