CN213596737U - Inorganic binder sand-based water permeable brick - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses the application discloses inorganic binder sand base brick that permeates water belongs to the building material field, and the face sand particle diameter is 30 ~ 60 meshes, and angular form coefficient is not more than 1.3, can improve the area of contact of surface course and bearing the weight of the thing to improve fatigue strength and wearability. The thickness of the surface layer is 8-10mm, the porosity is 28% -33%, the size of the pores is within 0.1-0.3mm, and the pores can be prevented from being blocked by silt while good water permeability is guaranteed. The thickness of the bottom layer is larger than 40mm, the particle size of the aggregate is 1-10mm, the number of bonding bridges in unit area can be increased, strength is guaranteed, and porosity is guaranteed. The porosity is 35-40%, and is greater than the porosity of the surface layer, so as to ensure the water permeability rate of the surface layer. The angular coefficient is not more than 1.5, the stress of the bottom layer in the bearing process is reduced, and the service life is prolonged. The surface layer is matched with the bottom layer, and the final water permeable brick simultaneously takes account of water permeability, fatigue strength, wear resistance and service life.

Description

Inorganic binder sand-based water permeable brick

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the building material field, more specifically relates to a high performance, simple inorganic binder sand base brick that permeates water of composition.

Background

With the continuous promotion of urbanization, the number and the scale of cities are rapidly increased. In the planning and design of urban construction, in order to improve the appearance and appearance of a city and improve the road surface trafficability, a concrete layer, asphalt or concrete bricks which are difficult to seep water are usually adopted to cover the road surface, the hard road surfaces block the heat and moisture exchange between the urban surface and the atmosphere, rainwater is difficult to permeate to underground soil, so that the surface soil is seriously lack of water, the urban landscaping cost is obviously improved, and the risk of urban inland inundation and heat island effect is increased. In order to improve the drainage capacity of urban pavements, underground drainage systems are generally established, but in rainy seasons or in heavy rains, the sea-seeing phenomenon of cities is already a normal state due to the limitations of the underground drainage systems.

In order to relieve urban inland inundation and heat island phenomena, a sponge urban concept is proposed in a low-carbon city and regional development science and technology forum held in 2012, and the principle is that urban ground can be like a sponge, rainwater can timely permeate into earth surface soil through the ground, and the heat clearing weather can slowly release moisture in the soil so as to adjust urban temperature and humidity. Therefore, the sponge city can effectively solve various city problems caused by current water seepage prevention of the hard ground layer. The central urbanization work meeting indicates that a sponge city with natural deposits, natural infiltration and natural purification is constructed, so that 70% of rainwater in the city needs to be effectively utilized to urge governments and departments at all levels to actively promote the sponge city construction work so as to reduce the adverse effect of urbanization on the natural environment to the maximum extent.

The core of sponge city construction is the sponge, and natural soil is the sponge, and it has the function of storing, purifying and recycling rainwater, such as greenbelt, garden and park in the city. However, the waterproof road surface occupies most of the area of the city at present, so that the waterproof road surface becomes a sponge body which is the key point for building the sponge city. The permeable pavement bricks become important structural materials and decorative materials for sponge city construction as an effective sponge at present. The permeable brick is similar to a sponge and has a random porous structure, the specific surface area inside the brick body is improved by the porous structures, the permeable brick has obvious permeable and water storage functions, and a certain filtering effect is achieved, so that rainwater can be cleaned. Therefore, the pore structure of the permeable brick not only affects the water permeability, but also affects the strength and the wear resistance of the permeable brick.

At present, the water permeable bricks in the market mainly comprise three types, namely ceramic water permeable bricks, concrete water permeable bricks and sand-based water permeable bricks. The ceramic water permeable brick is formed by using fly ash or industrial building waste as a main raw material through the processes of screening, ball milling, drying, crushing, screening, granulating, compacting, sintering and the like, can reduce the influence of the industrial waste on urban environment, but has complex manufacturing process and higher cost, and the sintering process needs a large amount of coal resources and produces pollution to the environment to a certain extent. The concrete permeable brick is formed by taking waste concrete as main aggregate, crushing, screening, mixing with cement, stirring, compacting, maintaining and other processes, can greatly reduce construction waste and can reduce the exploitation of natural sandstone, but the brick body has uneven surface, poor decoration effect, rough surface and sharp appearance of aggregate particles, difficult regulation and control of pore size and porosity and poor performance. The sand-based water permeable brick adopts natural sand or artificial sand with a certain particle size range as a fabric, takes broken stone or stone powder as a main backing material, is mixed with a binder after being screened, is formed by processes of stirring, pressing, curing and the like, and is added with toner on a surface layer, so that a better decorative effect can be achieved. The process is energy-saving and environment-friendly, and becomes a main production process of the water permeable brick.

The existing sand-based water permeable brick usually adopts cement as a binder and sand grains with a wider grain size range as surface layer aggregates, and because the grain size range is wide, the difference of the flowability of large and small grains is larger, and the sand grains with small grain sizes are easy to agglomerate under the surface tension and association of surface water films on the surface of the sand grains, the surface sand and the cement are not uniformly mixed, and the formed surface layer components are not uniformly distributed, so that the surface sand strength and the wear resistance are lower. In order to improve the strength and the wear resistance of the surface layer, the cement content is generally increased, and a water reducing agent is added to improve the strength and the wear resistance of the surface layer, but the pore size and the porosity of the surface layer are reduced, and the water permeability is reduced. Therefore, the water permeability, the strength and the wear resistance of the existing cement sand-based water permeable brick are difficult to be considered simultaneously.

In order to solve the problem, a high-performance inorganic binder sand-based water permeable brick needs to be developed, so that the water permeability, strength and wear resistance of the inorganic binder sand-based water permeable brick are improved, and the problems of high cost, poor weather resistance, multiple components, complex process and high operation difficulty of the conventional resin binder sand-based water permeable brick are solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a simple high performance inorganic binder sand base brick that permeates water to prior art's above defect and improvement demand, the utility model discloses an application provides a simple component, its aim at, adopt the particle diameter moderate and distribution range narrow, the better surface course aggregate of grain shape and bottom aggregate, make surface course aggregate mobility more balanced and with the increase of inorganic binder area of contact and improve surface course pore homogeneity and adjacent sand grain within a definite time bonding strength, the rate of permeating water and intensity obtain guaranteeing between bottom aggregate and inorganic binder, simultaneously, bottom and surface course design in order to guarantee intensity and the balance of the rate of permeating water on thickness and porosity, the utility model discloses an inorganic binder sand base brick intensity of permeating water, wearability and the rate of permeating water can compromise simultaneously.

The utility model provides an inorganic binder sand base brick that permeates water, it includes surface course and bottom, and the surface course is made for facing sand and inorganic binder, and the bottom is made for bottom aggregate and inorganic binder, and the facing sand particle diameter is 30 ~ 60 meshes, and facing sand angular form coefficient is not more than 1.3, and bottom aggregate particle diameter 1mm ~ 10mm, bottom aggregate angular form coefficient are not more than 1.5.

Furthermore, the thickness of the surface layer is 8 mm-10 mm, and the thickness of the bottom layer is more than 40 mm.

Further, the porosity of the surface layer is between 28% and 33%.

Furthermore, the size of the pores of the surface layer is between 0.1mm and 0.3 mm.

Furthermore, the porosity of the bottom layer is 35-40%.

Furthermore, the inorganic binder required by the surface layer is Portland cement, and the weight of the Portland cement with the mark number of 42.5 is more than 80 percent of the total weight of the Portland cement required by the surface layer. The inorganic binder required by the bottom layer is Portland cement, and the weight of the Portland cement with the grade of 32.5 is more than 80 percent of the total weight of the Portland cement required by the bottom layer.

Generally, through the utility model discloses above technical scheme who conceives compares with prior art, can gain following beneficial effect:

the grain size of the facing sand is 30-60 meshes, the angular coefficient is not more than 1.3, and the contact area between the facing layer and the bearing object can be increased, so that the stress is reduced, and the fatigue strength and the wear resistance are improved. The thickness of the surface layer is 8-10mm, the porosity is 28% -33%, and the pore size is within 0.1-0.3mm, so that the pores can be prevented from being blocked by silt while the good water permeability is ensured. The integral bearing strength of the permeable brick is determined by the bottom layer, the use strength is ensured by the thickness of the bottom layer being more than 40mm and the particle size of the aggregate being 1-10mm, the number of bonding bridges in unit area can be increased, the strength is ensured, and the porosity is ensured. The porosity of 35-40% is larger than the porosity of the surface layer so as to ensure the water permeability rate of the surface layer. The angular coefficient is not more than 1.5, the stress of the bottom layer in the bearing process is reduced, the stress concentration is weakened, and the service life is prolonged. The surface layer and the bottom layer are matched, the comprehensive effect is achieved, the process improvement is added, and the water permeable brick with good comprehensive performance is finally obtained, and meanwhile, the water permeability, the fatigue strength, the wear resistance and the service life are considered.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an inorganic binder sand-based water permeable brick in an embodiment of the present invention.

In the above drawings, like reference numerals denote like structures or elements, wherein

1-Top layer 2-bottom layer

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.

Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the utility model provides an in inorganic binder sand base permeable brick's structural schematic diagram, can know by the picture, it includes surface course 1 and bottom 2, and the surface course is made for facing sand and inorganic binder, and the bottom is made for bottom aggregate and inorganic binder, and the facing sand particle size is 30 ~ 60 meshes, and facing sand angular form coefficient is not more than 1.3, and bottom aggregate particle size 1mm ~ 10mm, bottom aggregate angular form coefficient are not more than 1.5.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the surface layer is 8 mm-10 mm, and the thickness of the bottom layer is greater than 40 mm. The porosity of the surface layer is between 28 and 33 percent, the pore size of the surface layer is between 0.1 and 0.3mm, and the porosity of the bottom layer is between 35 and 40 percent. The inorganic binder required by the surface layer is Portland cement, and the weight of the Portland cement with the mark number of 42.5 is more than 80 percent of the total weight of the Portland cement required by the surface layer. The inorganic binder required by the bottom layer is Portland cement, and the weight of the Portland cement with the grade of 32.5 is more than 80 percent of the total weight of the Portland cement required by the bottom layer. The grain size of the facing sand is 30-60 meshes, the angular coefficient is not more than 1.3, and the contact area between the facing layer and the bearing object can be increased, so that the stress is reduced, and the fatigue strength and the wear resistance are improved. The thickness of the surface layer is 8-10mm, the porosity is 28% -33%, and the pore size is within 0.1-0.3mm, so that the pores can be prevented from being blocked by silt while the good water permeability is ensured. And the integral bearing strength of the permeable brick is determined by the bottom layer, the use strength is ensured by the thickness of the bottom layer being more than 40mm and the particle size of the aggregate being 1-10mm, the number of bonding bridges in unit area can be increased, the strength is ensured, and the porosity is ensured. The porosity of 35-40% is larger than the porosity of the surface layer so as to ensure the water permeability rate of the surface layer. The angular coefficient is not more than 1.5, the stress of the bottom layer in the bearing process is reduced, the stress concentration is weakened, and the service life is prolonged. The surface layer and the bottom layer are matched, the comprehensive effect is achieved, and the water permeable brick with good comprehensive performance is finally obtained by adding process improvement.

The utility model discloses a high performance inorganic binder sand base brick that permeates water and preparation technology thereof belongs to the building material field. The method of the utility model is as follows:

(1) measuring the water content of the facing sand and the bottom aggregate,

weighing the addition of Portland cement, water and toner required by preparing the surface layer, wherein the addition of the Portland cement is 20-30% of the weight of the facing sand, the addition of the water is 20-30% of the weight of the Portland cement, the addition of the toner is not more than 5% of the weight of the Portland cement,

weighing the addition amount of Portland cement and water required by preparing the bottom layer, wherein the addition amount of the Portland cement is 20-30% of the weight of the bottom layer aggregate, and the addition amount of the water is 25-30% of the weight of the Portland cement;

(2) the portland cement and the toner in the surface layer are stirred under the dry-mixing condition to be uniformly mixed, so that the coloring uniformity is improved, and the mixing time of the surface material is shortened;

adding water into the facing sand for a plurality of times in a small amount, wherein the water content of the facing sand is subtracted from the water content calculated theoretically, stirring the facing sand for the first time for 30-40 s, the water content of the facing sand is 55-65% of the total mass of the water required by preparing the facing layer in the first stirring, adding a mixture of Portland cement and toner into the facing sand after the first stirring, the adding amount of the mixture is 55-65% of the total mass of the Portland cement and the toner required by preparing the facing layer, stirring for the second time for 55-65 s, adding water into the facing sand again, stirring for the third time for 35-45 s, adding the rest mixture of the Portland cement and the toner finally, stirring for the fourth time, and the stirring time is 55-65 s, so as to obtain a stirred fabric,

(3) adding water into the bottom aggregate a little for a plurality of times, wherein the water amount added for the first time is the water amount calculated theoretically minus the water content of the bottom aggregate, stirring the bottom aggregate for the first time, the water content of the bottom aggregate is 55-65% of the total water amount required for preparing the bottom, the first stirring time is 40-50 s, then adding portland cement, the mass of the added portland cement is 55-65% of the total mass of the portland cement required for preparing the bottom, stirring for the second time is 75-85 s, continuing to add the rest water, stirring for the third time is 45-55 s, finally adding the rest portland cement, stirring for the fourth time, the fourth stirring time is 55-65 s, obtaining a stirred bottom material,

(4) and (3) screening the stirred fabric, sending the screened fabric into a fabric storage bin of the water permeable brick production equipment, and sending the stirred backing material into a backing material storage bin of the water permeable brick production equipment for production.

In specific engineering practice, the method can be realized according to the following steps: (1) weighing required surface sand and bottom layer aggregate according to production requirements, wherein the particle size range of the surface sand is 0.25-0.6 mm, the angular coefficient is not more than 1.3, the particle size range of the bottom layer aggregate is 1-10mm, and the angular coefficient is not more than 1.5, and measuring the water content of the surface sand and the bottom layer aggregate; (2) respectively calculating the consumption of portland cement, water or toner required by the surface layer and the bottom layer of the water permeable brick according to the ash-material ratio and the water-cement ratio; (3) stirring and mixing the cement and the toner required by the surface layer uniformly under the dry mixing condition; (4) mixing the flour sand with part of water, adding part of the mixture in the step (3) to stir, and then sequentially adding the rest of water and the rest of the mixture to stir uniformly for later use; (5) mixing the bottom layer aggregate with part of water, adding part of cement, stirring, and then sequentially adding the rest water and the rest cement, and uniformly stirring for later use; (6) and (3) screening the stirred fabric, feeding the screened fabric into a fabric storage bin of the water permeable brick production equipment, feeding the stirred backing material into a backing material storage bin of the water permeable brick production equipment, and starting brick making equipment for production.

The utility model discloses a particle diameter is moderate and distribution range is narrow, the better face sand of grain shape is as the aggregate, make face sand mobility more balanced and with the increase of cement area of contact and improve surface course hole homogeneity and adjacent sand inter-grain cohesive strength, surface fabric and bed charge normal water has been changed, cement, the number of times of addition and the joining opportunity of face sand and bed charge, cohesion and pore structure between cement and face sand and cement and the bed charge have been changed, area of contact through twice "water-cement" joining method improvement cement and water, make cement more fully hydrate and improve self coagulation strength, the method of having avoided increasing cement content improves intensity. The strength, the wear resistance and the water permeability of the surface layer of the water permeable brick can be improved by optimizing and changing the mixing method by the surface sand. Finally the utility model discloses the difficult problem that current inorganic binder sand base brick intensity of permeating water, wearability and the rate of permeating water can not compromise has been solved to the method, has also solved current sand base brick of permeating water and has adopted organic binder to improve intensity, wearability and the rate of permeating water and reduce weatherability and life's problem.

For better illustration of the method of the present invention, the detailed description will be further described with reference to specific examples.

Example 1:

the grain diameter of the facing sand is 30 meshes, the angular coefficient is not more than 1.1, and the contact area between the facing layer and a bearing object can be increased, so that the fatigue strength and the wear resistance are improved. The surface layer is 8.5mm in thickness, the porosity is 28% -29%, and the pore size is within 0.1-0.2 mm, so that the pores can be prevented from being blocked by silt while the good water permeability is ensured. The thickness of the bottom layer is 41mm, the particle size of the aggregate is 4-10 mm, the number of bonding bridges in unit area can be increased, the strength is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the porosity is guaranteed. The porosity is 30-40% and is larger than the porosity of the surface layer so as to ensure the water permeability rate of the surface layer. The angular coefficient is not more than 1.5, the stress of the bottom layer in the bearing process is reduced, and the service life is prolonged. The surface layer is matched with the bottom layer, and the final water permeable brick simultaneously takes account of water permeability, fatigue strength, wear resistance and service life.

Example 2:

the grain diameter of the facing sand is 60 meshes, the angular coefficient is not more than 1.1, and the contact area between the facing layer and a bearing object can be increased, so that the fatigue strength and the wear resistance are improved. The surface layer is 8mm in thickness, the porosity is 28% -30%, and the pore size is within 0.2-0.3 mm, so that the pores are prevented from being blocked by silt while good water permeability is ensured. The thickness of the bottom layer is 50mm, the particle size of the aggregate is 1-4 mm, the number of bonding bridges in unit area can be increased, the strength is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the porosity is guaranteed. The porosity is 35-38%, and is greater than the porosity of the surface layer, so as to ensure the water permeation rate of the surface layer. The angular coefficient is not more than 1.5, the stress of the bottom layer in the bearing process is reduced, and the service life is prolonged. The surface layer is matched with the bottom layer, and the final water permeable brick simultaneously takes account of water permeability, fatigue strength, wear resistance and service life.

Example 3:

the grain diameter of the facing sand is 40 meshes, the angular coefficient is not more than 1.25, and the contact area between the facing layer and a bearing object can be increased, so that the fatigue strength and the wear resistance are improved. The thickness of the surface layer is 10mm, the porosity is 31% -33%, and the size of the pores is within 0.25-0.3 mm, so that the pores are prevented from being blocked by silt while good water permeability is ensured. The thickness of the bottom layer is 55mm, the particle size of the aggregate is 1-5 mm, the number of bonding bridges in unit area can be increased, the strength is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the porosity is guaranteed. The porosity is 35-40%, and is greater than the porosity of the surface layer, so as to ensure the water permeability rate of the surface layer. The angular coefficient is not more than 1.5, the stress of the bottom layer in the bearing process is reduced, and the service life is prolonged. The surface layer is matched with the bottom layer, and the final water permeable brick simultaneously takes account of water permeability, fatigue strength, wear resistance and service life.

Example 4:

the grain diameter of the facing sand is 50 meshes, the angular coefficient is not more than 1.3, and the contact area between the facing layer and a bearing object can be increased, so that the fatigue strength and the wear resistance are improved. The thickness of the surface layer is 9mm, the porosity is 30% -33%, the size of the pores is within 0.1-0.3mm, and the pores are prevented from being blocked by silt while good water permeability is guaranteed. The thickness of the bottom layer is 65mm, the particle size of the aggregate is 6-10 mm, the number of bonding bridges in unit area can be increased, the strength is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the porosity is guaranteed. The porosity is 35-40%, and is greater than the porosity of the surface layer, so as to ensure the water permeability rate of the surface layer. The angular coefficient is not more than 1.5, the stress of the bottom layer in the bearing process is reduced, and the service life is prolonged. The surface layer is matched with the bottom layer, and the final water permeable brick simultaneously takes account of water permeability, fatigue strength, wear resistance and service life.

Example 5:

the grain diameter of the facing sand is 45 meshes, the angular coefficient is not more than 1.3, and the contact area between the facing layer and a bearing object can be increased, so that the fatigue strength and the wear resistance are improved. The thickness of the surface layer is 9.50mm, the porosity is 28% -32%, and the size of the pores is within 0.1-0.3mm, so that the pores are prevented from being blocked by silt while good water permeability is ensured. The thickness of the bottom layer is larger than 40mm, the particle size of the aggregate is 8-10mm, the number of bonding bridges in unit area can be increased, strength is guaranteed, and porosity is guaranteed. The porosity is 35-40%, and is greater than the porosity of the surface layer, so as to ensure the water permeability rate of the surface layer. The angular coefficient is not more than 1.5, the stress of the bottom layer in the bearing process is reduced, and the service life is prolonged. The surface layer is matched with the bottom layer, and the final water permeable brick simultaneously takes account of water permeability, fatigue strength, wear resistance and service life.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (2)

1. The inorganic binder sand-based water permeable brick comprises a surface layer and a bottom layer, wherein the surface layer is made of surface sand and an inorganic binder, and the bottom layer is made of bottom layer aggregate and an inorganic binder, and is characterized in that the particle size of the surface sand is 30-60 meshes, the angular coefficient of the surface sand is not more than 1.3, the particle size of the bottom layer aggregate is 1-10mm, the angular coefficient of the bottom layer aggregate is not more than 1.5, the thickness of the surface layer is 8-10mm, the thickness of the bottom layer is more than 40mm, the porosity of the surface layer is 28-33%, and the pore size of the surface layer is 0.1-0.3 mm.

2. The sand-based water permeable brick with the inorganic binder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the porosity of the bottom layer is 35-40%.

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