CN213585455U

CN213585455U - Novel planetary deceleration direct-current starter

Info

Publication number: CN213585455U
Application number: CN202021982371.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 金开治; 吴志永; 吴元章
Original assignee: Leshan Dongfeng Automobile Electrical Appliance Co ltd
Current assignee: Leshan Dongfeng Automobile Electrical Appliance Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-11
Filing date: 2020-09-11
Publication date: 2021-06-29
Anticipated expiration: 2030-09-11

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel planet speed reduction direct current starter relates to automobile starter technical field. The utility model discloses a protecgulum, casing, transmission shaft assembly, electromagnetic switch, stator, armature, brush yoke assembly and back lid, different from the working method of traditional automobile starter, the utility model discloses a starter is meshing type speed reduction structure, and before the starter works, drive gear and engine flywheel are meshing together, and the driving gear axle is not removed when the starter works, directly drives the engine flywheel rotation, thereby starts the engine, and later the engine flywheel breaks away from starter drive gear; when the engine is stopped, the flywheel and the driving gear are automatically meshed together, and preparation is made for the next starting. The utility model discloses a starter compares with general automobile starter, starts the number of times and frequency improves at double, and the motor life-span is more than 30 ten thousand times, satisfies new forms of energy oil electricity and mixes the automobile and to the high number of times of starting and the performance requirement of high start frequency of starter.

Description

Novel planetary deceleration direct-current starter

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an automobile starter technical field, more specifically say and relate to a novel planet speed reduction direct current starter.

Background

It is known that starting of an engine requires support from external forces, as is the case with automotive starters, and that, in principle, the starter takes three components to carry out the entire starting process. The DC series motor draws current from the battery and produces mechanical motion of the drive gear of the starter; the transmission mechanism enables the driving gear to be meshed into the flywheel gear ring and can automatically disengage after the engine is started; the on-off of the starter circuit is controlled by an electromagnetic switch.

At present, the starting of an automobile engine is realized through external force, and a common starting mode is starting through an automobile starter. The existing automobile starter includes: the moving contact and the static contact connected with the battery can be conducted by the movement of the movable iron core, the armature is electrified, the armature drives the driving gear to rotate, and therefore the automobile engine is started. The electromagnetic switch is a control switch on the automobile starter, is one of three main components of the starter, is used for pushing out the driving gear to be meshed with the flywheel gear ring, and has the function of switching. When the static contact and the moving contact of the electromagnetic switch are closed, the main circuit of the starter is switched on, so that the armature of the starter rotates. The electromagnetic switch is therefore a key component of a vehicle starter, the quality of which directly affects the performance of the vehicle starter.

The patent of the utility model discloses a utility model with the publication number of CN208950756U and the name of "a planetary speed reduction automobile starter", which is published by the national intellectual property office in 2019, 6.7.2019. the utility model comprises an electromagnetic switch, a shell, a driving assembly, an isolator assembly, a shifting fork assembly and a brush holder assembly, wherein the electromagnetic switch comprises an electromagnetic coil, a mandril, an iron core, a movable contact, a B terminal and an M terminal, and the B terminal comprises an insulating cover, a B bolt, a B static ring, a flat washer and a spring washer; the isolator assembly comprises a planet shaft, an isolator, a reduction gearbox, a baffle, a retainer ring and a retainer sleeve, wherein the isolator moves along a spline in the direction of the planet shaft, and a gasket is sleeved on the planet shaft close to the reduction gearbox.

The starter in the prior art is only applied to the traditional automobile and is not suitable for the new energy hybrid electric vehicle. At present, the new energy oil-electricity hybrid automobile field develops rapidly, and the starting times and frequency requirements of the automobile on the starter are improved exponentially compared with the common automobile starter. The motor life of the starter of the new energy hybrid electric vehicle needs to be more than 30 ten thousand times, and the improvement of the existing starter needs to be provided so as to meet the performance requirements of the new energy hybrid electric vehicle on high starting times and high starting frequency of the starter.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to overcome the defect that exists among the above-mentioned prior art and not enough, the utility model provides a novel planet speed reduction DC starter, the utility model discloses an invention aim at provides a section and is applicable to the starter on the new forms of energy oil and electricity mixes the automobile, the utility model discloses a novel planet speed reduction DC starter compares with general automobile starter, and the number of times of starting improves doubly, and the motor life is more than 30 ten thousand times, satisfies the high number of times of starting and the high performance requirement of the frequency of starting of new forms of energy oil and electricity mixed automobile to the starter. The working mode of the utility model is different from the working mode of the traditional automobile starter, the traditional automobile starter is an extension structure, namely, the driving gear of the starter is pushed by the electromagnetic switch and the shifting fork to move towards the flywheel of the engine until being meshed; the starter of the utility model is of a mesh type speed reduction structure, namely, before the starter works, the driving gear is meshed with the engine flywheel together, the driving gear shaft does not move when the starter works, and the engine flywheel is directly driven to rotate, so that the engine is started, and then the engine flywheel is separated from the driving gear of the starter; when the engine is stopped, the flywheel and the driving gear are automatically meshed together, and preparation is made for the next starting.

In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model discloses a realize through following technical scheme:

a novel planetary deceleration direct-current starter comprises a front cover, a shell, a transmission shaft assembly, an electromagnetic switch, a stator, an armature, a brush holder assembly and a rear cover, wherein the armature is arranged in the shell between the front cover and the rear cover, and the transmission shaft assembly is connected with the output end of the armature; the electromagnetic switch is arranged at the upper end of the shell and is respectively and electrically connected with the brush holder assembly and the armature; the method is characterized in that: the transmission shaft assembly comprises a planetary transmission shaft, a driving gear connecting sleeve, an intermediate connecting disc, a speed reduction gear ring, a planetary shaft transmission connecting sleeve, a planetary gear and an installation frame, wherein the installation frame is fixed in a front cover; the speed reduction gear ring is fixedly arranged on the mounting frame; the planetary shaft transmission connecting sleeve is fixed on a shaft lever of the planetary transmission shaft through a spline on the shaft lever of the planetary transmission shaft, and a spline for limiting the relative rotation of the inner ring of the driving gear connecting sleeve and the outer ring of the driving gear is arranged between the inner ring of the driving gear connecting sleeve and the outer ring of the driving gear; the driving gear and the driving gear connecting sleeve are sleeved on a shaft lever of the planetary transmission shaft; the driving gear connecting sleeve and the planet shaft transmission connecting sleeve transmit torque through the middle connecting disc, one side of the middle connecting disc is connected with the planet shaft transmission connecting sleeve in an embedded mode through the damping rubber block, and the other side of the middle connecting disc is connected with the driving gear connecting sleeve in an embedded mode through the damping rubber block.

And a gear ring damping spring is arranged at the connecting position of the mounting frame and the reduction gear ring.

The end part of one end of the shaft lever of the planetary transmission shaft, which is provided with the driving gear, is provided with a clamping groove, the clamping groove is provided with a retaining ring used for blocking the driving gear from axially moving, and the retaining ring and the clamping groove are fixed through a steel wire retainer ring.

A groove is formed in the installation portion, corresponding to the installation frame, of the planetary transmission shaft, and a shaft retainer ring used for axially positioning the planetary shaft transmission connecting sleeve is arranged in the groove.

And an adjusting pad for adjusting the position of the transmission connecting sleeve of the planet shaft is also arranged on the installation part, corresponding to the installation frame, of the planet transmission shaft.

The electromagnetic switch comprises an assembly stud, a cover cap, an armature assembly, a switch shell, a switch coil assembly, a copper sleeve, an insulating pad and a switch terminal component, wherein the assembly stud is fixedly assembled on the cover cap, and the cover cap is installed on the switch shell; the switch shell is used as an integral fixed support of the electromagnetic switch and used for fixing the switch coil assembly and riveting the switch terminal component; the switch coil is assembled and fixed in the switch shell, the copper sleeve is arranged on an inner ring of the switch coil assembly, and the armature assembly is arranged on the inner ring of the switch coil assembly.

The switch terminal component comprises a B + terminal, an M terminal and an S terminal, wherein the B + terminal and the M terminal form a static ring and are riveted on a plastic piece of the switch terminal component through a gasket; the S terminal is welded with the coil heads of the pull-in coil and the maintaining coil in the switch coil assembly respectively, the coil tail of the pull-in coil in the switch coil assembly is connected with the M terminal, and the coil tail of the maintaining coil is welded on the bottom plate of the armature assembly.

The armature assembly comprises a movable iron core, a switch spring, a return spring, a bottom plate, a movable ring and a sliding rod, wherein one end of the sliding rod is riveted with the movable ring, and the other end of the sliding rod penetrates through the bottom plate and is fixedly connected with the movable iron core; the return spring and the switch spring are sleeved on the sliding rod and are positioned between the movable iron core and the bottom plate, and the switch spring is positioned in the return spring; the bottom plate is fixed in the switch shell.

The insulating pad is laid on the bottom plate.

And the surfaces of the B + terminal and the M terminal are provided with straight lines.

The coil tail of the maintaining coil is welded with the bottom plate of the armature assembly and is grounded through the switch bottom plate, and the coil tail of the pull-in coil is grounded through the positive carbon brush of the brush holder assembly, the commutator of the armature, the armature coil, the negative carbon brush, the brush holder bottom plate and the rear cover to form an electric path.

The working process of the utility model is as follows: before the automobile is started, a driving gear on a transmission shaft assembly of the starter is meshed with an engine flywheel, when an ignition switch is started, the starter is switched on, a pull-in coil and a maintaining coil in an electromagnetic switch coil assembly are switched on through an S terminal, a movable iron core of the electromagnetic switch moves under the action of electromagnetic pulling force of the coil and pushes an armature assembly to move until a movable ring on the armature assembly is contacted with two static rings of the electromagnetic switch, a main circuit is switched on, namely, a power supply, a brush carrier assembly anode carbon brush assembly, an armature commutator, a brush carrier assembly cathode carbon brush, a rear cover and a rear cover are grounded, meanwhile, the electromagnetic switch coil is short-circuited, an armature generates torque, the torque is transmitted to a planetary transmission shaft through a planetary gear and a speed reduction gear ring and is transmitted to the driving gear through a planetary shaft transmission connecting sleeve, the engine flywheel is driven to rotate, and the engine is started.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses profitable technological effect who brings shows:

1. the utility model relates to a novel planet speed reduction direct current starter is a new forms of energy product for opening on the car and stop the motor. Compared with a common automobile starter, the starting frequency and the frequency are multiplied, and the service life of the motor is required to be 30 ten thousand times. The utility model discloses the working method of starter is the engaged type, compare with general planet reduction gears, some very big differences on its working method, general planet reduction gears are for stretching out the formula mechanism, the drive gear of mechanism promptly, through electromagnetic switch and shift fork, promote drive gear and remove to engine flywheel direction, until the meshing, and this structure is engaged type reduction gears, promptly before the starter work, drive gear is meshed together with the engine flywheel, it is not axial unmovable to drive the tooth when the starter starts the work, it is rotatory directly to drive the engine flywheel, thereby start the engine, the back flywheel breaks away from starter drive gear, its flywheel is in the same place with drive gear automatic meshing after the engine stops, for next start-up ready, electromagnetic switch's effect is only the switch-on circuit, it is the same with general mechanical switch.

2. The utility model discloses in, the transmission shaft assembly mainly comprises planetary transmission shaft, retaining ring, steel wire rand, drive gear, drive tooth adapter sleeve, intermediate junction dish, axle rand, adjustment pad, speed reduction ring gear, planetary gear, ring gear damping spring, mounting bracket assembly, yielding rubber piece and planetary shaft transmission adapter sleeve. The mounting rack assembly plays a role in fixing the speed reduction gear ring, the mounting rack assembly is fixed on a starter front cover through a self structure, the planet shaft transmission connecting sleeve is a key part for transmitting torque and is responsible for transmitting the torque from a starter armature to a driving gear and an engine flywheel finally, the damping rubber block is a rubber part, not only is a torque transmission part, but also plays a damping role, the moment can be prevented from being directly transmitted between metal parts as far as possible, the friction loss is reduced, the vibration and the noise are reduced, the check ring and the steel wire clamp ring are used for axially positioning the driving gear, the shaft clamp ring is used for axially positioning the planet shaft transmission connecting sleeve, the adjusting pad is used for adjusting the position of the planet shaft transmission connecting sleeve, and the gear ring damping spring is used for axially buffering and damping the speed reduction.

3. Compare with general planet reduction gears, the utility model discloses a transmission shaft assembly working method is last some very big differences, general planet reduction gears is for stretching out formula mechanism, the drive gear of mechanism promptly, through electromagnetic switch and shift fork, promote drive gear and remove to engine flywheel direction, until the meshing, and this structure is meshing formula reduction gears, starter work is preceding promptly, drive gear meshes together with the engine flywheel, it is not unmovable that starter starts the during operation drive tooth axial, it is rotatory directly to drive the engine flywheel, thereby the starter, the back flywheel breaks away from starter drive gear, its flywheel is in the same place with drive gear automatic meshing after the engine stops, prepare for next start. The specific working process is that after the starter is started, the armature drives the planetary gear to rotate along the inner ring of the reduction gear ring through the shaft teeth, simultaneously, the planet transmission shaft with the shaft pin sleeved in the inner hole of the planet gear is driven to rotate, the spline on the planet transmission shaft drives the planet shaft transmission connecting sleeve matched with the spline to rotate, the planet shaft transmission connecting sleeve drives the damping rubber block embedded in the tooth socket of the planet shaft transmission connecting sleeve to rotate, the damping rubber block drives the middle connecting disc matched with the planet shaft transmission connecting sleeve in an embedded manner to rotate, the other side of the middle connecting disc is also matched with the damping rubber block in an embedded manner, meanwhile, the damping rubber block and the driving gear connecting sleeve are also matched in an embedded mode, so that the driving gear connecting sleeve is driven to rotate, the driving gear connecting sleeve is meshed with a spline of the excircle of the driving gear through a spline of the inner ring, the driving gear is driven to rotate, the driving gear drives an engine flywheel meshed with the driving gear to rotate, and therefore the engine is started.

4. The electromagnetic switch of the utility model is frequently started, and the service life is about 30 ten thousand times. The utility model discloses an electromagnetic switch mainly by assembly double-screw bolt, shroud, armature assembly, switch shell, copper sheathing, switch coil assembly, insulating pad, switch terminal part. The assembly stud is used for being assembled and fixed on the front end cover, the cover cap is mainly used for preventing dust, the switch shell is used as an integral fixed support, the switch coil is fixed to be assembled, the switch terminal component is riveted, and the outer surface is subjected to environment-friendly treatment. The B and M terminals are also static rings and are riveted on a plastic piece of the switch terminal component through a gasket, the S terminal is welded with the heads of the two coil pull-in coils and the maintaining coil of the switch respectively, the other end of the S terminal is led out through an S terminal hole on the switch terminal component, and the tail ends of the two coil pull-in coils and the maintaining coil of the switch are connected on the M terminal and welded on the armature assembly bottom plate respectively. The armature assembly comprises a movable iron core, a switch spring, a return spring, a bottom plate, a movable ring and a sliding rod, wherein the sliding rod is riveted with the movable ring, the switch spring and the return spring are installed and then are tightly matched with the movable iron core, and the two springs dynamically control the distance between the movable iron core and the movable ring and are limited relatively. B + and M are rolling straight lines on the surface of the static ring, which is beneficial to heat dissipation and avoids arc discharge, adhesion and damage to the dynamic ring and the static ring.

5. The electrical connection of the electromagnetic switch is as follows: the maintaining coil and the pull-in wire head are both connected with the S terminal, the maintaining coil tail is welded with the armature assembly bottom plate together, the maintaining coil is grounded through the switch front cover, and the pull-in coil is not grounded through the brush holder assembly anode carbon brush, the commutator, the armature coil, the cathode carbon brush, the brush holder bottom plate and the rear cover to form an electric path. The action of the switch is slightly different from that of the common switch, namely, the main circuit is switched on only by pushing the movable ring to be in contact with the static ring, and the thrust for pushing the isolator to advance is not needed.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an assembly diagram of the planetary reduction DC starter of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a front cover of the planetary deceleration DC starter of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of a transmission shaft assembly in the planetary deceleration DC starter of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of an electromagnetic switch in the planetary deceleration dc starter of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a stator in the planetary deceleration dc starter of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an armature in the planetary deceleration dc starter of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a brush holder assembly of the planetary deceleration DC starter of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a rear cover of the planetary deceleration DC starter of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the electrical connection in the planetary deceleration DC starter of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a planetary transmission shaft in the transmission shaft assembly of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a driving gear in the transmission shaft assembly of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a driving tooth connecting sleeve in the transmission shaft assembly of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of a middle connection plate in the transmission shaft assembly of the present invention;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a damping rubber block in the transmission shaft assembly of the present invention;

fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of a mounting bracket in the transmission shaft assembly of the present invention;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of the planetary shaft transmission connecting sleeve in the transmission shaft assembly of the present invention;

fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of a reduction gear ring in the transmission shaft assembly of the present invention;

fig. 18 is a view of the B + terminal of the electromagnetic switch of the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a welding view of the S terminal of the electromagnetic switch of the present invention;

fig. 20 is a welding diagram of the M terminal in the electromagnetic switch of the present invention;

fig. 21 is a three-dimensional view of the switch electronic component in the electromagnetic switch of the present invention;

fig. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of an armature assembly in the electromagnetic switch of the present invention;

fig. 23 is a schematic diagram of the assembly wiring of the switch coil in the electromagnetic switch of the present invention;

reference numerals: 1. front cover, 2, housing, 3, transmission shaft assembly, 4, electromagnetic switch, 5, stator, 6, armature, 7, brush holder assembly, 8, rear cover, 9, planetary transmission shaft, 10, driving gear, 11, driving gear connecting sleeve, 12, intermediate connecting disc, 13, reduction gear ring, 14, planetary shaft transmission connecting sleeve, 15, planetary gear, 16, mounting frame, 17, planetary wheel mounting disc, 18, planetary wheel mounting post, 19, damping rubber block, 20, gear ring damping spring, 21, clamping groove, 22, retaining ring, 23, wire clamping ring, 24, groove, 25, shaft clamping ring, 26, adjusting pad, 27, assembly stud, 28, cover, 29, armature assembly, 30, switch housing, 31, switch coil assembly, 32, copper sleeve, 33, insulating pad, 34, switch component, 35, B + terminal, 36, M terminal, 37, S terminal, 38, stationary ring, 39. a pull coil, 40, a maintaining coil, 41, a movable iron core, 42, a switch spring, 43, a return spring, 44, a bottom plate, 45, a movable ring, 46, a slide rod, 47, an insulating pad, 48, a commutator, 49 and a gasket.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be further elaborated with reference to the drawings attached to the description.

The embodiment discloses a novel planetary reduction direct-current starter which is a new energy product and used for starting and stopping a motor on an automobile. Compared with a common automobile starter, the starting frequency and the frequency are doubled, the service life of the motor is required to be 30 ten thousand times, and the after-sale time is required to be 3 ten thousand times. The working mode of the product is a meshing type, compared with a common planetary reduction mechanism, the working mode of the product is quite different, the common planetary reduction mechanism is an extension type mechanism, namely a driving gear 10 of the mechanism, the driving gear 10 is pushed to move towards the engine flywheel through an electromagnetic switch 4 and a shifting fork until meshing is achieved, the structure is a meshing type reduction mechanism, namely before a starter works, the driving gear 10 is meshed with the engine flywheel, a driving tooth does not move axially when the starter starts to work, the engine flywheel is directly driven to rotate, so that the engine is started, a rear flywheel is separated from the starter driving gear 10, the flywheel is automatically meshed with the driving gear 10 after the engine stops, preparation is made for next starting, and the electromagnetic switch 4 only has the function of connecting a circuit and is the same as a common mechanical switch.

As shown in fig. 1, a novel planetary deceleration dc starter comprises a front cover 1 (shown in fig. 2), a housing 2 (shown in fig. 1), a transmission shaft assembly 3 (shown in fig. 3), an electromagnetic switch 4 (shown in fig. 4), a stator 5 (shown in fig. 5), an armature 6 (shown in fig. 6), a brush holder assembly 7 (shown in fig. 7) and a rear cover 8 (shown in fig. 8), wherein the armature 6 is installed in the housing 2 between the front cover 1 and the rear cover 8, and the transmission shaft assembly 3 is connected with an output end of the armature 6; the electromagnetic switch 4 is arranged at the upper end of the shell 2, and the electromagnetic switch 4 is respectively and electrically connected with the brush holder assembly 7 and the armature 6.

Referring to the electrical schematic diagram of fig. 9 and the general assembly diagram of fig. 1, the following steps are performed: before the automobile is started, the driving gear 10 on the transmission shaft assembly 3 (figure 3) of the starter is meshed with the engine flywheel, when the ignition switch is started, the starter is powered on, the coil pull-in coil 39 and the maintaining coil 40 of the electromagnetic switch 4 are switched on through the S terminal 37, under the action of electromagnetic pulling force of the coil, the movable iron core 41 (figure 1) of the electromagnetic switch 4 moves and pushes the armature assembly 29 (figure 1) to move until the movable ring 45 on the armature assembly 29 is contacted with the two static rings 38 (figure 1) of the electromagnetic switch 4, at the moment, the main circuit is switched on, namely, the power source, the positive carbon brush of the brush holder assembly, the armature 6 commutator 48, the negative carbon brush of the brush holder assembly 7, the rear cover 8 are grounded, meanwhile, the coil of the electromagnetic switch 4 is short-circuited, the armature 6 generates torque, and the torque is transmitted to the planetary transmission shaft 9 (figure 3) through the planetary gear 15 (figure 3) and the, then the transmission is transmitted to the driving gear 10 through the planetary shaft transmission connecting sleeve 14, the connecting disc and the driving gear connecting sleeve 11, and the engine flywheel is driven to rotate, so that the engine is started.

As shown in fig. 3, the transmission shaft assembly 3 is a speed reduction mechanism and a torque transmission mechanism of the product, and has many structural parts and high requirements, and particularly, the transmission torque is transmitted to the driving gear 10 of the engine, the speed reduction gear ring 13 of the speed reduction part, the planetary gear 15 and the driving shaft all need to meet the service life requirement of the motor. The transmission shaft assembly 3 comprises a planetary transmission shaft 9 (shown in figure 10), a driving gear 10 (shown in figure 11), a driving gear connecting sleeve 11 (shown in figure 12), an intermediate connecting disc 12 (shown in figure 13), a speed reduction gear ring 13 (shown in figure 17), a planetary shaft transmission connecting sleeve 14 (shown in figure 16), a planetary gear 15 and a mounting frame 16 (shown in figure 15). The mounting frame 16 plays a role of fixing the speed reduction gear ring 13, the mounting frame 16 is fixed on the front cover 1 of the direct current starter through the structure of the mounting frame, and the planet shaft transmission connecting sleeve 14 is a key part for transmitting torque and is responsible for finally transmitting the torque from the armature 6 of the direct current starter to the driving gear 10 and the engine flywheel.

The mounting frame 16 is fixed in the front cover 1, a planet wheel mounting disc 17 is arranged at the end part of the planet transmission shaft 9, three planet wheel mounting columns 18 which are uniformly distributed are arranged on the planet wheel mounting disc 17, the planet gears 15 are mounted on the planet wheel mounting columns 18, a transmission outer ring formed by the three planet gears 15 is meshed with an inner ring of the reduction gear ring 13, and a transmission inner ring formed by the three planet gears 15 is meshed with shaft teeth at the output end of the armature 6; the reduction gear ring 13 is fixedly arranged on the mounting frame 16; the planet shaft transmission connecting sleeve 14 is fixed on a shaft lever of the planet transmission shaft 9 through a spline on the shaft lever of the planet transmission shaft 9, and a spline for limiting the relative rotation of the inner ring of the driving gear connecting sleeve 11 and the outer ring of the driving gear 10 is arranged between the inner ring of the driving gear connecting sleeve and the outer ring of the driving gear 10; the driving gear 10 and the driving gear connecting sleeve 11 are sleeved on a shaft lever of the planetary transmission shaft 9; the driving gear connecting sleeve 11 and the planet shaft transmission connecting sleeve 14 transmit torque through the middle connecting disc 12, one side of the middle connecting disc 12 is connected with the planet shaft transmission connecting sleeve 14 in an embedded mode through the damping rubber block 19, and the other side of the middle connecting disc 12 is connected with the driving gear connecting sleeve 11 in an embedded mode through the damping rubber block 19. The damping rubber block 19 is a rubber part, is a torque transmission part and has a damping effect, so that the direct transmission of torque between metal parts can be avoided as far as possible, the friction loss is reduced, the vibration is reduced, and the noise is reduced.

Still further preferably, a ring gear damper spring 20 is mounted at a position where the mounting bracket 16 is connected to the reduction ring gear 13. The end part of one end of the shaft lever of the planetary transmission shaft 9, which is provided with the driving gear 10, is provided with a clamping groove 21, the clamping groove 21 is provided with a retaining ring 22 used for blocking the driving gear 10 from axially moving, and the retaining ring 22 and the clamping groove 21 are fixed through a steel wire retainer ring 23. The retainer ring 22 and the wire collar 23 serve for axial positioning of the drive gear 10.

A groove 24 is formed in the mounting portion, corresponding to the mounting frame 16, of the planetary transmission shaft 9, and a shaft collar 25 used for axially positioning the planetary shaft transmission connecting sleeve 14 is arranged in the groove 24. An adjusting pad 26 for adjusting the position of the planet shaft transmission connecting sleeve 14 is further arranged on the installation part of the planet transmission shaft 9, which corresponds to the installation frame 16. The shaft collar 25 is used for axially positioning the planetary shaft transmission connecting sleeve 14, the adjusting pad 26 is used for adjusting the position of the planetary shaft transmission connecting sleeve 14, and the gear ring damping spring 20 is used for axially buffering and damping the speed reduction gear ring 13.

In this embodiment, the working mode of the transmission shaft assembly 3 is different from that of a general planetary reduction mechanism, the general planetary reduction mechanism is an extension type mechanism, that is, the driving gear 10 of the mechanism is pushed to move towards the engine flywheel through the electromagnetic switch 4 and the shifting fork until being meshed, the structure is a meshing type reduction mechanism, that is, before the starter works, the driving gear 10 is meshed with the engine flywheel, the driving gear does not move axially when the starter starts to work, the engine flywheel is directly driven to rotate, so that the engine is started, the rear flywheel is separated from the starter driving gear 10, after the engine stops, the flywheel is automatically meshed with the driving gear 10, preparation is made for next starting, the electromagnetic switch 4 only has the function of connecting a circuit, and the function is the same as that of a general mechanical switch.

The specific working mode is as follows: after the starter is started, an armature 6 drives a planetary gear 15 to rotate along an inner ring of a speed reduction gear ring 13 (figure 17) through shaft teeth, and simultaneously drives a planetary transmission shaft 9 (figure 10) with a shaft pin sleeved in an inner hole of the planetary gear 15 to rotate, splines on the planetary transmission shaft 9 drive a planetary shaft transmission connecting sleeve 14 (figure 16) matched with the planetary shaft transmission shaft to rotate, the planetary shaft transmission connecting sleeve 14 drives a damping rubber block 19 (figure 14) embedded in a tooth groove of the planetary shaft transmission connecting sleeve to rotate, the damping rubber block 19 drives an intermediate connecting disc 12 (figure 13) matched with the planetary shaft transmission shaft in an embedded manner to rotate, the other surface of the intermediate connecting disc 12 is also matched with the damping rubber block 19 in an embedded manner, meanwhile, the damping rubber block 19 and a driving tooth connecting sleeve 11 (figure 12) are also assembled in an embedded manner, so that the driving tooth connecting sleeve 11 is driven to rotate, and the driving tooth connecting sleeve 11, the driving gear 10 is driven to rotate, and the driving gear 10 drives the engine flywheel meshed with the driving gear to rotate, so that the engine is started.

In a general starter, the electromagnetic switch 4 is a wearing part, mechanical parts, an electromagnet coil and a welding part in the starter are subjected to double tests of vibration and high temperature once the starter is started, and various tests and verifications are required during design. The electromagnetic switch 4 of the novel planetary deceleration direct-current starter in the embodiment needs to meet the requirements of frequent starting and about 30 ten thousand service lives, and the movable ring 45, the stationary ring 38 and the switch coil of the relevant parts have higher requirements.

As shown in fig. 4, the electromagnetic switch 4 includes a mounting stud 27 (fig. 4), a cover 28 (fig. 4), an armature assembly 29 (fig. 22), a switch housing 30 (fig. 4), a switch coil mounting 31 (fig. 4), a copper bush 32 (fig. 4), an insulating pad 4733 (fig. 4), and a switch terminal member 34 (fig. 21), the mounting stud 27 is fixedly mounted on the cover 28, and the cover 28 is mounted on the switch housing 30; the switch shell 30 is used as an integral fixed support of the electromagnetic switch 4 and is used for fixing the switch coil assembly 31 and riveting the switch terminal component 34; the switch coil assembly 31 is fixed in the switch shell 30, the copper sleeve 32 is arranged at the inner ring of the switch coil assembly 31, and the armature assembly 29 is arranged at the inner ring of the switch coil assembly 31. The cover 28 is mainly used for dust prevention, the switch shell 30 is used as an integral fixed support, the switch coil is fixed to be assembled 31, the switch terminal part 34 is riveted, and the outer surface is subjected to environment-friendly treatment.

As shown in fig. 21, the switch terminal member 34 includes a B + terminal 35, an M terminal 36, and an S terminal 37, the B + terminal 35 and the M terminal 36 form a stationary ring 38, and are riveted to a plastic member of the switch terminal member 34 by a gasket 49; the S terminal 37 is soldered to the coil heads of the pull-in coil 39 and the hold-in coil 40 of the switch coil assembly 31 (as shown in fig. 19), the coil tail of the pull-in coil 39 of the switch coil assembly 31 is connected to the M terminal 36, and the coil tail of the hold-in coil 40 is soldered to the bottom plate 44 of the armature assembly 29 (as shown in fig. 20).

As shown in fig. 22, the armature assembly 29 includes a plunger 41, a switch spring 42, a return spring 43, a bottom plate 44, a movable ring 45 and a slide rod 46, wherein one end of the slide rod 46 is riveted with the movable ring 45, and the other end passes through the bottom plate 44 and is fixedly connected with the plunger 41; the return spring 43 and the switch spring 42 are both sleeved on the slide rod 46 and are positioned between the movable iron core 41 and the bottom plate 44, and the switch spring 42 is positioned in the return spring 43; the base plate 44 is secured within the switch housing 30. The insulating pad 4733 is laid on the bottom plate 44.

The B + terminal 35 and the M terminal 36 are straight-knurled. The heat dissipation is facilitated, and the movable ring 45 and the static ring 38 are prevented from being damaged due to arc discharge and adhesion.

The coil tail of the maintaining coil 40 is welded with the bottom plate 44 of the armature assembly 29 and is grounded through the switch bottom plate, and the coil tail of the pull-in coil 39 is grounded through the positive carbon brush of the brush holder assembly 7, the commutator 48 of the armature 6, the coil of the armature 6, the negative carbon brush, the brush holder bottom plate and the rear cover 8, so that an electric path is formed.

The electrical connection of the electromagnetic switch 4 is as shown in fig. 23: the maintaining coil 40 and the pull wire head are both connected with the S terminal 37, the tail of the maintaining coil 40 is welded with the bottom plate 44 of the armature assembly 29 and is grounded through the switch front cover 1, and the pull coil 39 is not grounded through the positive carbon brush, the commutator 48, the armature 6 coil, the negative carbon brush, the brush holder bottom plate and the rear cover 8 of the brush holder assembly 7, so that an electric path is formed. The action of the switch is slightly different from that of the common switch, namely the main circuit is switched on only by pushing the movable ring 45 to be in contact with the fixed ring 38, and the thrust for pushing the isolator to move forwards is not needed.

Claims

1. A novel planetary speed reduction direct current starter comprises a front cover (1), a shell (2), a transmission shaft assembly (3), an electromagnetic switch (4), a stator (5), an armature (6), a brush holder assembly (7) and a rear cover (8), wherein the armature (6) is installed in the shell (2) between the front cover (1) and the rear cover (8), and the transmission shaft assembly (3) is connected with the output end of the armature (6); the electromagnetic switch (4) is arranged at the upper end of the shell (2), and the electromagnetic switch (4) is respectively and electrically connected with the brush holder assembly (7) and the armature (6); the method is characterized in that: the transmission shaft assembly (3) comprises a planetary transmission shaft (9), a driving gear (10), a driving gear connecting sleeve (11), an intermediate connecting disc (12), a speed reduction gear ring (13), a planetary shaft transmission connecting sleeve (14), planetary gears (15) and a mounting rack (16), wherein the mounting rack (16) is fixed in the front cover (1), a planetary wheel mounting disc (17) is arranged at the end part of the planetary transmission shaft (9), three planetary wheel mounting columns (18) which are uniformly distributed are arranged on the planetary wheel mounting disc (17), the planetary gears (15) are mounted on the planetary wheel mounting columns (18), a transmission outer ring formed by the three planetary gears (15) is meshed with an inner ring of the speed reduction gear ring (13), and a transmission inner ring formed by the three planetary gears (15) is meshed with a shaft tooth at the output end of the armature (6); the speed reduction gear ring (13) is fixedly arranged on the mounting frame (16); the planetary shaft transmission connecting sleeve (14) is fixed on a shaft lever of the planetary transmission shaft (9) through a spline on the shaft lever of the planetary transmission shaft (9), and a spline for limiting the relative rotation of the inner ring of the driving gear connecting sleeve (11) and the outer ring of the driving gear (10) is arranged between the inner ring of the driving gear connecting sleeve and the outer ring of the driving gear (10); the driving gear (10) and the driving gear connecting sleeve (11) are sleeved on a shaft lever of the planetary transmission shaft (9); the driving gear connecting sleeve (11) and the planet shaft transmission connecting sleeve (14) are connected through the middle connecting disc (12) for transmitting torque, one side of the middle connecting disc (12) is connected with the planet shaft transmission connecting sleeve (14) in an embedded mode through the damping rubber block (19), and the other side of the middle connecting disc (12) is connected with the driving gear connecting sleeve (11) in an embedded mode through the damping rubber block (19).

2. The novel planetary reduction direct current starter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a gear ring damping spring (20) is arranged at the connecting position of the mounting frame (16) and the speed reduction gear ring (13); a clamping groove (21) is formed in the end portion of one end, provided with the driving gear (10), of the shaft rod of the planetary transmission shaft (9), a retaining ring (22) used for blocking the driving gear (10) from moving axially is arranged on the clamping groove (21), and the retaining ring (22) and the clamping groove (21) are fixed through a steel wire retainer ring (23).

3. The novel planetary reduction direct current starter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a groove (24) is formed in an installation part, corresponding to the installation frame (16), of the planetary transmission shaft (9), and a shaft collar (25) for axially positioning the planetary shaft transmission connecting sleeve (14) is arranged in the groove (24); and an adjusting pad (26) for adjusting the position of the planetary shaft transmission connecting sleeve (14) is further arranged on the installation part of the planetary transmission shaft (9) correspondingly installed with the installation frame (16).

4. The novel planetary reduction direct current starter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the electromagnetic switch (4) comprises an assembly stud (27), a cover cap (28), an armature assembly (29), a switch shell (30), a switch coil assembly (31), a copper sleeve (32), insulating pads (47) (33) and a switch terminal component (34), wherein the assembly stud (27) is fixedly assembled on the cover cap (28), and the cover cap (28) is installed on the switch shell (30); the switch shell (30) is used as an integral fixed support of the electromagnetic switch (4) and is used for fixing the switch coil assembly (31) and riveting the switch terminal component (34); the switch coil assembly (31) is fixed in the switch shell (30), the copper sleeve (32) is arranged on the inner ring of the switch coil assembly (31), and the armature assembly (29) is arranged on the inner ring of the switch coil assembly (31).

5. The novel planetary reduction direct current starter as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the switch terminal component (34) comprises a B + terminal (35), an M terminal (36) and an S terminal (37), the B + terminal (35) and the M terminal (36) form a static ring (38), and the static ring is riveted on a plastic piece of the switch terminal component (34) through a gasket (49); the S terminal (37) is respectively welded with the coil heads of the pull-in coil (39) and the maintaining coil (40) in the switch coil assembly (31), the coil tail of the pull-in coil (39) in the switch coil assembly (31) is connected to the M terminal (36), and the coil tail of the maintaining coil (40) is welded on the bottom plate (44) of the armature assembly (29).

6. The novel planetary reduction direct current starter as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the armature assembly (29) comprises a movable iron core (41), a switch spring (42), a return spring (43), a bottom plate (44), a movable ring (45) and a slide rod (46), one end of the slide rod (46) is riveted with the movable ring (45), and the other end of the slide rod penetrates through the bottom plate (44) and is fixedly connected with the movable iron core (41); the return spring (43) and the switch spring (42) are sleeved on the sliding rod (46) and are positioned between the movable iron core (41) and the bottom plate (44), and the switch spring (42) is positioned in the return spring (43); the base plate (44) is fixed in the switch housing (30).

7. The novel planetary reduction direct current starter as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the insulating pads (47) (33) are laid on the bottom plate (44).

8. The novel planetary reduction direct current starter as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the surfaces of the B + terminal (35) and the M terminal (36) are provided with straight lines.

9. The novel planetary reduction direct current starter as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the coil tail of the maintaining coil (40) is welded with the bottom plate (44) of the armature assembly (29) and is grounded through the switch bottom plate, and the coil tail of the pull-in coil (39) is grounded through the positive carbon brush of the brush holder assembly (7), the commutator (48) of the armature (6), the coil of the armature (6), the negative carbon brush, the brush holder bottom plate and the rear cover (8) to form an electric path.