CN213583886U - Novel microbial fuel cell for improving water quality of river channel - Google Patents
Novel microbial fuel cell for improving water quality of river channel Download PDFInfo
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- CN213583886U CN213583886U CN202022851280.0U CN202022851280U CN213583886U CN 213583886 U CN213583886 U CN 213583886U CN 202022851280 U CN202022851280 U CN 202022851280U CN 213583886 U CN213583886 U CN 213583886U
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
A novel microbial fuel cell for improving the water quality of a riverway comprises a denitrification three-dimensional cathode floating in a water body, a three-dimensional anode placed in sediment, a lead and a variable resistor, wherein the denitrification three-dimensional cathode, the three-dimensional anode and the variable resistor are connected in series through the lead to form a loop, and the denitrification three-dimensional cathode is connected with a floating body structure. The utility model provides a novel microbial fuel cell that is arranged in riverway water matter to promote portable, that the operation process energy consumption is low, this novel microbial fuel cell utilize in the riverway deposit and the water contain the characteristics of higher ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen respectively, through placing high specific surface area's positive pole in the deposit as electron acceptor, place the electron that the high denitrification performance's negative pole received ammonia nitrogen oxidation in the water as the electron donor of denitrification, carry out the unpowered normal position restoration of polluting the water.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the water pollution treatment device technique and specifically relates to a novel microbial fuel cell for river course quality of water promotes
Background
Due to the aggravation of human activities, a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, organic pollutants and the like in industrial sewage, urban domestic sewage and agricultural sewage continuously enter a natural water ecosystem. The continuous accumulation of the pollutants can exceed the bearing capacity of an ecological system, so that the eutrophication of the water body is caused, the health of people near the polluted water body and the stability and diversity of ecology are seriously threatened, and the sustainable development of the society and the economy is restricted.
The migration and transformation of nitrogen in aquatic ecosystems is a very complex biochemical process involving sediments, aquatic animals and plants, and microorganisms in the system. The sediment is a reservoir and a source of pollutants in the water body, a large amount of nitrogen-containing organic matters are deposited in the sediment and are converted into ammonia nitrogen in anaerobic and anoxic states, so that the phenomenon of black and odorous water body is caused, the roots of aquatic plants are poisoned, and the growth of the aquatic plants is influenced. In water, the content of nitrate nitrogen in water is generally higher due to the exchange and reoxygenation function with the atmosphere. In the treatment process of the water environment, the removal of nitrogen in the water body is very important. However, in the water environment treatment, methods such as water aeration and the like are usually adopted for treatment, ammonia nitrogen and organic matters in sediments cannot be efficiently removed, and the energy consumption is high. The ammonia nitrogen and organic matters in the sediment can not be effectively degraded due to the lack of sufficient electron acceptors, and the nitrate nitrogen in the water body can not carry out effective denitrification reaction due to the lack of sufficient electron donors, so that the accumulation of nitrogen in the water environment is caused.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To prior art's not enough and defect, the utility model discloses a technique aim at provides a novel microbial fuel cell that is arranged in that river course quality of water promotes portable, the operation process energy consumption is low, this novel microbial fuel cell utilizes the river course in deposit and the water contain the characteristics of higher ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen respectively, through placing high specific surface area's positive pole in the deposit as electron acceptor, place the electron that the negative pole of high denitrification performance received the oxidation of ammonia nitrogen in the water as the electron donor of denitrification, pollute the unpowered normal position of water and restore.
The utility model provides a technical scheme that above-mentioned technical problem adopted does:
a novel microbial fuel cell for improving the water quality of a riverway comprises a denitrification three-dimensional cathode floating in a water body, a three-dimensional anode placed in sediment, a lead and a variable resistor, wherein the denitrification three-dimensional cathode, the three-dimensional anode and the variable resistor are connected in series through the lead to form a loop, and the denitrification three-dimensional cathode is connected with a floating body structure.
Furthermore, the floating body structure is connected with the denitrification three-dimensional cathode, so that the denitrification three-dimensional cathode is suspended in a water body below the water surface.
Furthermore, the three-dimensional anode is a three-dimensional electrode structure consisting of the biomass carbon and the anode porous carbon fiber.
Further, the preparation method of the three-dimensional anode comprises the following steps: crushing biomass charcoal, and sieving with a 50-300 mesh sieve to obtain granular biomass charcoal; the granular biomass carbon is wrapped by a 50-300 mesh nylon net, and then a porous carbon fiber electrode connected with a lead is inserted into the granular biomass carbon.
Furthermore, the denitrification three-dimensional cathode is a three-dimensional electrode structure consisting of biomass carbon fixed with denitrifying bacteria and cathode porous carbon fibers.
Further, the preparation method of the denitrification three-dimensional cathode comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing the biomass carbon fixed with the denitrifying bacteria: culturing denitrifying bacteria to prepare denitrifying bacteria suspension, soaking the biomass charcoal material in the denitrifying bacteria suspension for 24-48h, and filtering to obtain biomass charcoal with the denitrifying bacteria fixed;
(2) preparing a denitrification three-dimensional cathode: the biomass carbon fixed with the denitrifying bacteria is wrapped by a nylon net of 50-300 meshes, and then a porous carbon fiber electrode connected with a lead is inserted into the biomass carbon.
Furthermore, the conducting wire is made of titanium wires, copper wires or aluminum wires.
The utility model simultaneously provides a novel microbial fuel cell in getting rid of the deposit simultaneously ammonia nitrogen and organic matter pollutant and the application of nitrate nitrogen in the water.
Further, the specific method of the application is as follows:
(1) electrode installation: fixing a denitrification three-dimensional cathode on a floating body structure in a water area to be treated, and then placing a three-dimensional anode in a sediment;
(2) circuit connection: the denitrifying three-dimensional cathode, the three-dimensional anode and the variable resistor are connected in series by a lead to form a loop, so that the device can naturally run for a long time.
The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:
(1) the utility model discloses utilize in the river course deposit and the water contain higher ammonia nitrogen and the characteristics of nitrate nitrogen respectively, through placing the positive pole of high specific surface area as electron acceptor in the deposit, place the electron that the high denitrification performance negative pole received ammonia nitrogen oxidation in the water and be regarded as the electron donor of denitrification, can carry out unpowered normal position restoration to deposit and polluted water simultaneously, no energy consumption in the operation process, application prospect is extensive;
(2) the microbial fuel cell of the utility model adopts the biomass carbon and the porous carbon fiber to form the three-dimensional electrode, which is easier for the adhesion growth and the action of the electrode microorganism, and has higher repairing efficiency;
(3) the microbial fuel cell of the utility model does not adopt an air cathode, but adopts immobilized denitrifying bacteria to utilize nitrate nitrogen in the water body as the cathode, on one hand, an aeration system is not needed, and on the other hand, the water body can be repaired at the same time;
(4) microbial fuel cell simple structure, only constitute by three-dimensional electrode and wire, do not need to maintain, do not need to consume power, build with the running cost low.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional anode structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a denitrification three-dimensional cathode structure;
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional cathode electron micrograph of immobilized denitrifying bacteria of the microbial fuel cell.
In the figure, 1-three-dimensional anode, 11-anode porous carbon fiber, 12-biomass carbon, 2-lead, 3-denitrification three-dimensional cathode, 31-cathode porous carbon fiber, 32-immobilized biomass carbon, 4-variable resistor, 5-floating body structure, 6-water body and 7-sediment.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Any equivalent modifications made by those skilled in the art in the light of the present disclosure are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-3, a novel microbial fuel cell for improving water quality of a river comprises a denitrification three-dimensional cathode 3 floating in a water body 6, a three-dimensional anode 1 placed in a sediment 7, a lead 2 and a variable resistor 4, wherein the denitrification three-dimensional cathode 3, the three-dimensional anode 1 and the variable resistor 4 are connected in series through the lead 2 to form a loop, and the denitrification three-dimensional cathode 3 is connected with a floating body structure 5. In order to enlarge the attachment growth interface of microorganisms and promote the microorganisms to carry out ammonia nitrogen oxidation and nitrate nitrogen denitrification, the anode material adopts a three-dimensional electrode consisting of 50-300 meshes of biomass carbon and a porous carbon fiber material; the cathode material is fixed with denitrifying bacteria in the three-dimensional electrode material, so that the denitrifying effect can be better exerted, electrons transmitted from the anode are consumed, and the oxidation of ammonia nitrogen in the sediment 7 is promoted.
Furthermore, the floating body structure 5 is connected with the denitrification three-dimensional cathode 3, so that the denitrification three-dimensional cathode 3 is suspended in the water body 6 below the water surface.
Further, the three-dimensional anode 1 is a three-dimensional electrode structure composed of the biomass charcoal 12 and the anode porous carbon fiber 11.
Further, the preparation method of the three-dimensional anode 1 comprises the following steps: crushing biomass charcoal, and sieving with a 50-300 mesh sieve to obtain granular biomass charcoal; the granular biomass carbon is wrapped by a 50-300 mesh nylon net, and then a porous carbon fiber electrode connected with a lead 2 is inserted into the granular biomass carbon.
Further, the denitrification three-dimensional cathode 3 is a three-dimensional electrode structure composed of immobilized biomass charcoal 32, which is biomass charcoal immobilized with denitrifying bacteria, and cathode porous carbon fibers 31, and the anode porous carbon fibers 11 and the cathode porous carbon fibers 31 may be porous carbon fibers with the same structure.
Further, the preparation method of the denitrification three-dimensional cathode 3 comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing the biomass carbon fixed with the denitrifying bacteria: culturing denitrifying bacteria to prepare denitrifying bacteria suspension, soaking the biomass charcoal material in the denitrifying bacteria suspension for 24-48h, and filtering to obtain biomass charcoal with the denitrifying bacteria fixed;
(2) preparation of the denitrification three-dimensional cathode 3: the biomass carbon fixed with the denitrifying bacteria is wrapped by a nylon net of 50-300 meshes, and then a porous carbon fiber electrode connected with a lead 2 is inserted into the biomass carbon.
Further, the lead 2 is made of titanium wires, copper wires or aluminum wires, and the length of the lead 2 is determined according to the depth of the water body 6.
The microbial fuel cell can simultaneously remove ammonia nitrogen and organic matter pollution in the sediment 7, can also remove nitrate nitrogen pollution in the water body 6, does not need extra power consumption, and has the characteristics of economy, environmental protection, flexible and variable scale and long-term stable operation. The novel microbial fuel cell is applied to simultaneously removing ammonia nitrogen and organic pollutants in sediments 7 and nitrate nitrogen in a water body 6.
Further, the specific method of the application is as follows:
(1) electrode installation: fixing a denitrification three-dimensional cathode 3 on a floating body structure 5 in a water area to be treated, and then placing a three-dimensional anode 1 in a sediment 7; the anode is completely immersed in the sediment 7, and the cathode floats below the water surface under the action of the floating body without other fixed supports, so that the installation is simple and the influence of the environment is small;
(2) circuit connection: the denitrification three-dimensional cathode 3, the three-dimensional anode 1 and the variable resistor 4 are connected in series by the lead 2 to form a loop, so that the denitrification three-dimensional cathode can naturally run for a long time.
The sediment 7 has higher ammonia nitrogen content because of being in an anaerobic state. Although the deposits 7 have ammonia oxidizing bacteria therein, their activity is inhibited by the lack of electron acceptors. When the anode of the microbial fuel cell enters the deposit 7, the biomass charcoal and the porous carbon fiber have the functions of conducting electricity and providing a surface for the attachment and growth of microorganisms. Electrons released by the ammonia oxidizing bacteria and the organic matter degrading bacteria in the process of degrading ammonia nitrogen and organic matters can be given to the anode as an electron acceptor, so that the reaction is promoted to be carried out.
The anode receives electrons and outputs the electrons through a lead 2. The nitrate nitrogen content in the natural water body 6 is higher, and at the moment, the immobilized denitrifying bacteria can perform denitrification by utilizing electrons transmitted from the lead 2, so that the electrons consumed in the processes of ammonia oxidation and organic matter oxidation of 7 sediment cases are consumed, and the reaction is promoted to be performed continuously. The utility model discloses a reaction of microbial fuel cell in with deposit 7 and water 6 has carried out effectual coupling, under the condition that does not consume exogenous power and carbon source, has promoted the oxidative degradation of the pollution in the deposit 7 and the desorption of nitrogen in the water 6.
Example 2
This example is used to illustrate the effect of the microbial fuel cell of the present invention on the removal of ammonia nitrogen from the sediment 7 and nitrate nitrogen from the water 6.
A micro-universe system containing a microbial fuel cell is constructed as a test example, a type 7 microbial fuel cell micro-universe system without sediment is used as a comparison example, the content of ammonia nitrogen in the sediment 7 is 400mg/kg, and the content of nitrate nitrogen in overlying water is 20 mg/L.
| Ammonia Nitrogen (NH)4+) Removal Rate (%) | Nitrate Nitrogen (NO)3-) Removal Rate (%) | |
| Test examples | 32.6 | 68.7 |
| Comparative example | 2.1 | 14.6 |
The anode of the microbial fuel cell shown in fig. 1 is completely inserted into the sediment 7, the cathode floats on the lower part of the surface of the water body 6 through the foam floating body structure 5, a copper wire is used for connection, the length of a lead 2 is 80cm, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen around the anode and the concentration of nitrate nitrogen in the water body 6 are detected after the microbial fuel cell runs for 20 days at the temperature of 25 ℃, and the removal rate is calculated. The results are shown in the table above. In the microbial fuel cell stack, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate in the sediment 7 reaches 30%, and the removal rate of nitrate nitrogen in the water body 6 is close to 70%. The ammonia nitrogen in the sediment of the control group is almost unchanged, and the removal of the nitrate nitrogen in the water body 6 is far lower than that of the microbial fuel cell group. The utility model discloses a microbial fuel cell can effectively promote to pollute nitrogenous pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen and get rid of in river deposit and the water to there is not power consumption at degradation in-process completely, is the ecological restoration method of river course that consumes slowly, high-efficient simple.
Claims (5)
1. A novel microbial fuel cell for river course water quality promotes which characterized in that: the device comprises a denitrification three-dimensional cathode floating in a water body, a three-dimensional anode placed in sediment, a lead and a variable resistor, wherein the denitrification three-dimensional cathode, the three-dimensional anode and the variable resistor are connected in series through the lead to form a loop, and the denitrification three-dimensional cathode is connected with a floating body structure.
2. The novel microbial fuel cell for improving the water quality of the riverway according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the floating body structure is connected with the denitrification three-dimensional cathode, so that the denitrification three-dimensional cathode is suspended in a water body below the water surface.
3. The novel microbial fuel cell for improving the water quality of the riverway according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the three-dimensional anode is a three-dimensional electrode structure consisting of the biomass carbon and the anode porous carbon fiber.
4. The novel microbial fuel cell for improving the water quality of the riverway according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the denitrification three-dimensional cathode is a three-dimensional electrode structure consisting of biomass carbon fixed with denitrifying bacteria and cathode porous carbon fibers.
5. The novel microbial fuel cell for improving the water quality of the riverway according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the lead is made of titanium wires, copper wires or aluminum wires.
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| CN202022851280.0U CN213583886U (en) | 2020-12-02 | 2020-12-02 | Novel microbial fuel cell for improving water quality of river channel |
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| CN202022851280.0U CN213583886U (en) | 2020-12-02 | 2020-12-02 | Novel microbial fuel cell for improving water quality of river channel |
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