CN213521829U - Solid-state electronic switch and hybrid switch with midpoint voltage division - Google Patents
Solid-state electronic switch and hybrid switch with midpoint voltage division Download PDFInfo
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- CN213521829U CN213521829U CN202021952929.1U CN202021952929U CN213521829U CN 213521829 U CN213521829 U CN 213521829U CN 202021952929 U CN202021952929 U CN 202021952929U CN 213521829 U CN213521829 U CN 213521829U
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Abstract
The embodiment of the utility model discloses solid-state electronic switch of mid point partial pressure and use this solid-state electronic switch's hybrid switch, wherein two switch module of symmetrical configuration in the solid-state electronic switch, wherein the switch module injects voltage through connecting corresponding partial pressure circuit in the solid-state electronic switch input/output side, can realize effectively utilizing the low pressure device under the high voltage direct current occasion and do not increase circuit complexity and product cost.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the utility model provides a relate to power electronic technology field, especially relate to a solid-state electronic switch and hybrid switch of mid point partial pressure.
Background
Solid-state electronic switches, also known as contactless switches, are generally implemented by power electronics technology, and bidirectional solid-state electronic switches are frequently used in applications. As shown in fig. 1, a conventional bidirectional solid-state electronic switch is basically composed of power electronic devices (such as IGBTs, MOSFETs, etc.) which are completely controlled to be turned on and off. As shown in fig. 2, the solid-state electronic switch Kss and the mechanical switch Kn are often combined into a hybrid switch, and can be conveniently controlled by configuring the MCU, which has a good market application prospect.
As is well known, the voltage withstand requirements of power electronics depend on the input and output voltages. For high-voltage direct-current switching occasions, particularly occasions of more than 1500V, 1200V power electronic devices cannot be used, and particularly 1700V devices are difficult to find products with proper cost performance. In practice, the series technology of power electronic devices can be used to solve the problem of insufficient voltage resistance of the devices, namely, the devices with half or less voltage class are used, for example, 750V devices are used in 1500V occasions. Such products are currently on the market, and are briefly described below.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the circuit structures of two typical high voltage dc breakers are shown, respectively. In fig. 3, the breaker switches DS, CB and the inductor L are controlled by serially connected solid-state electronic switches, wherein the MOA/MOV devices are used in each switch module to divide or limit the power electronic devices, and the voltage borne by each module is limited by the voltage-sensitive devices, which is problematic in that the voltage-sensitive devices have great safety hazards in the short-circuit failure mode. In fig. 4, the circuit breaker switch DS is also configured with a solid-state electronic switch foot-bath, where the FBSM uses a full-bridge clamping method, the actual voltage of all devices in a single module is determined by the voltage of the clamping capacitor, the number of devices used is large, and the control is complex.
Therefore, the solid-state electronic switch circuit structure in the prior art has the problems of complicated structure or poor safety. In view of the shortcomings of the existing solid-state electronic switches, there is a need to optimize them.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a simple structure, the good solid-state electronic switch and the hybrid switch of mid point partial pressure of security to the defect that prior art exists.
For solving above technical problem, the utility model provides a technical scheme as follows:
a solid-state electronic switch with midpoint voltage division comprises two switch modules which are connected in series and symmetrically arranged, wherein each switch module is connected with a forward electric energy control device and a reverse electric energy control device in series, at least one of the input side of the solid-state electronic switch and the output side of the solid-state electronic switch is provided with a voltage division circuit based on midpoint voltage division, and the voltage division points of the voltage division circuit are correspondingly connected to the series connection points of the two switch modules.
Optionally, the input side of the solid-state electronic switch and the output side of the solid-state electronic switch are respectively provided with a voltage dividing circuit, two voltage dividing balancing diodes are reversely connected in series between voltage dividing points of the two voltage dividing circuits, a cathode contact of the two voltage dividing balancing diodes is connected with the series connection point of the two switch modules through a forward diode, and the cathode contact of the two voltage dividing balancing diodes is simultaneously connected with an energy storage capacitor.
Optionally, the input side of the solid-state electronic switch and the output side of the solid-state electronic switch are respectively provided with a voltage division circuit, two voltage division balancing diodes are reversely connected in series between voltage division points of the two voltage division circuits, and a cathode contact of the two voltage division balancing diodes is connected with the series connection point of the two switch modules through a forward diode.
Optionally, a voltage dividing circuit is arranged on one of the input side and the output side of the solid-state electronic switch, wherein a voltage dividing point of the voltage dividing circuit is connected with a serial connection point of the two switch modules through a forward diode.
The other solid-state electronic switch with midpoint voltage division comprises two switch modules which are connected in series and symmetrically arranged, each switch module is connected with a forward electric energy control device and a reverse cut-off device in series, voltage division circuits are respectively arranged on the input side of the solid-state electronic switch and the output side of the solid-state electronic switch, two voltage division balancing diodes are connected between voltage division points of the two voltage division circuits in series in a reverse direction, and cathode contact points of the two voltage division balancing diodes are connected with the series connection points of the two switch modules through a forward diode.
The solid-state electronic switch with midpoint voltage division comprises two switch modules which are connected in series and symmetrically arranged, wherein each switch module is connected with a forward electric energy control device and a reverse uncontrolled device in series, the input side of the solid-state electronic switch and the output side of the solid-state electronic switch are respectively provided with a voltage division circuit, two voltage division balancing diodes are connected between voltage division points of the two voltage division circuits in series in a reverse direction, and cathode connection points of the two voltage division balancing diodes are connected with the series connection points of the two switch modules through a forward diode.
The solid-state electronic switch with middle-point voltage division comprises two switch modules which are connected in series and are symmetrically configured, and each switch module is connected with a forward electric energy control device and a reverse uncontrollable device in series.
Optionally, each of the voltage dividing circuits divides the voltage by connecting two voltage dividing capacitors in series.
Optionally, the capacitance values of the two voltage dividing capacitors in each voltage dividing circuit are equal so as to perform midpoint voltage division.
On this basis, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a hybrid switch, which includes a combination of at least one mechanical switch and at least one solid-state electronic switch.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the utility model provides an utilize the characteristics of positive negative distribution combination under the high voltage direct current occasion, improve the pressure-resistant ability that solid-state electronic switch concatenates the module with the mid point partial pressure method, it realizes that circuit configuration is succinct, can improve product security through avoiding using pressure sensitive device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a conventional solid-state electronic switch;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a prior art hybrid switch;
fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a prior art high voltage dc circuit breaker;
fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of another prior art high voltage dc circuit breaker.
Fig. 5a is a schematic circuit diagram of a solid-state electronic switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5b is a diagram illustrating a forward turning-on process of a solid-state electronic switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5c is a diagram illustrating a process of turning off a solid-state electronic switch in a forward direction according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5d is a diagram illustrating a reverse activation process of a solid-state electronic switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5e is a diagram illustrating a reverse turn-off process of a solid-state electronic switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a solid-state electronic switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7a is a simplified circuit diagram of a three-solid-state electronic switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7b is another schematic circuit diagram of a three-solid-state electronic switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of a four-solid-state electronic switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic circuit diagram of a five-solid-state electronic switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic circuit diagram of a six-solid-state electronic switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic circuit diagram of a hybrid switch using a solid-state electronic switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention can be implemented in many different ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art will be able to do so without departing from the spirit of the invention, and therefore the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
The utility model discloses solid-state electronic switch in following embodiment has concatenated two switch module of symmetric configuration, and wherein one side or both sides set up the bleeder circuit based on mid point partial pressure in solid-state electronic switch input side and the solid-state electronic switch output side, and the corresponding concatenation point that is connected to two switch module of bleeder circuit's partial pressure point, can come single switch module injection voltage through simple circuit structure like this.
Example one
Please refer to fig. 5 a-5 e, which illustrate a solid-state electronic switch according to the first embodiment. The first embodiment adopts an input and output voltage division balancing method, and is suitable for bidirectional electric energy on-off control.
As shown in fig. 5a, the two switch modules of the solid-state electronic switch are bi-directionally controllable, wherein each switch module is connected in series with a forward power control device and a reverse power control device; the input side of the solid-state electronic switch and the output side of the solid-state electronic switch are respectively provided with a voltage division circuit, two voltage division balancing diodes are reversely connected in series between voltage division points of the two voltage division circuits, and a cathode contact of the two voltage division balancing diodes is connected with the series connection point of the two switch modules through a forward diode.
Specifically, the specific circuit structure of the solid-state electronic switch is as follows.
The input side switch module consists of a forward electric energy control device Qp1 and a reverse electric energy control device Qn1, the two devices can be specifically triodes and are driven in common, wherein reverse diodes are connected between collectors and emitters of Qp1 and Qn1 in parallel; similarly, the output side switch module is composed of a forward power control device Qp2 and a reverse power control device Qn2, which are also driven in common, and by keeping the bidirectional switches driven in common, the driving circuit configuration is relatively simple. In addition, each control device is also correspondingly provided with a resistance-capacitance adjusting element, namely a resistor Rs1 and a capacitor Cs1 which are connected in parallel and connected in series with Qp1, a resistor Rs2 and a capacitor Cs2 which are connected in parallel and connected in series with Qp2, namely a resistor Rs3 and a capacitor Cs3 which are connected in parallel and connected in series with Qp3, and a resistor Rs4 and a capacitor Cs4 which are connected in parallel and connected in series with Qp4, so that the RC absorption parameters of the power electronic device can be adjusted to be larger in capacitance value, such as more than 10nF, according to the actual load condition and the low-frequency on.
The input side voltage dividing circuit divides the voltage by serially connected voltage dividing capacitors Cp1 and Cn1, wherein the capacitance values of Cp1 and Cn1 are equal to divide the voltage by a midpoint; similarly, the input side voltage dividing circuit divides the voltage by series-connected voltage dividing capacitors Cp2 and Cn2, wherein the capacitance values of Cp2 and Cn2 are equal to perform midpoint voltage division. Thus, by using the series connection of the voltage-dividing power electronic devices, the midpoint voltage division is realized.
The voltage dividing point of the input side and the output side voltage dividing circuit is reversely connected with two voltage dividing balancing diodes Db1 and Db2 in series, the cathode contact between the two voltage dividing balancing diodes is connected with the series connection point of the two switch modules through a forward diode Dc, and the cathode contact of the two voltage dividing balancing diodes is simultaneously connected with an energy storage capacitor Cb2, so that the voltage of the input side and the output side is combined into the voltage with the maximum value of half of the input voltage and the output voltage through the voltage dividing capacitor and the diode Db1/2, namely the voltage of the Cb2 capacitor, VCb2 is max (0.5Vin and 0.5Vout), therefore, the simple midpoint voltage dividing technology of a low-voltage device can be effectively utilized in the high-voltage direct-current occasion, and the circuit.
The working principle and the working process of the solid-state electronic switch are further described below.
Referring to fig. 5b to 5e, waveforms of the input voltage Vin, the output voltage Vout, and the corresponding control elements of the solid-state electronic switch are respectively shown, wherein the horizontal axis of the waveform is time, and the vertical axis of the waveform is the voltage of each element. For convenience, the voltages at which Qp1 and Qp2 turn on and off are denoted by Vgp1, Vgp2, VQp1 and VQp2, respectively; voltages at which Qn1 and Qn2 are turned on and off are denoted by Vgn1, Vgn2, and VQn1 and VQn 2.
(1) Forward conduction
As shown in fig. 5b, the timing of the forward conduction of the solid-state electronic switch is shown, as described below.
t0-t 1. the circuit has an input voltage but the switch is in the off state, the input voltage is equally distributed to Qp1, Qp2, and Qn1, Qn2 are in the forward bias state, the voltage is basically zero. At this time, the output terminal voltage is zero.
t1-t 2: the stored energy of Cb2 is discharged through the Dcc diode for maintaining the switch midpoint voltage corresponding to the turn-on time of Qp1, Qp2, which is several tens nS, corresponding to the turn-on error of the switches Qp1, Qp 2.
After t 2: qp1, Qp2 have been turned on, the output voltage is equal to the input, and the Dcc diode is turned off.
(2) Positive turn-off
As shown in fig. 5c, the timing of the forward turn-off of the solid-state electronic switch is shown, as described below.
Before t 0: the switch is in a conducting state.
t0-t1 the stored energy of Cb2 is discharged through the Dcc diode corresponding to the turn-off time of Qp1, Qp2 for maintaining the switch midpoint voltage, which is several tens of nS in time, corresponding to the turn-off error of the switches Qp1, Qp 2.
t1-t 2: the circuit has an input voltage but the switch is in an off state, with the input voltage Vin being equally distributed to Qp1, Qp2, and Qn1, Qn2 being in a forward biased state with substantially zero voltage. At this time, the output terminal voltage is zero.
After t 2: the input voltage disappears, and the voltage born by the electronic switch is reduced to zero.
The forward turn-on and turn-off process is described above, and the reverse turn-on and turn-off process is similarly described below. Due to the symmetrical design of the circuit, the operating states of Qn1, Qp1, Qn2 and Qp2 in the reverse state are exchanged, as described in detail below.
(3) Reverse conduction
As shown in fig. 5d, the timing of the reverse conduction of the solid-state electronic switch is shown, as described below.
Before t 0: there is no input.
t0-t 1. the circuit has an input voltage but the switch is in the off state, the input voltage Vout is equally distributed to Qn1, Qn2, and Qp1, Qp2 are in the forward bias state, the voltage is basically zero. At this time, the output end voltage is zero
t1-t 2: the stored energy in Cb2 is discharged through the Dcc diode for maintaining the switch midpoint voltage corresponding to the turn-on time of Qn1, Qn2, which is several tens of nS, corresponding to the turn-on error of the switches Qn1, Qn 2.
After t 2: qn1, Qn2 have been turned on, the output voltage is equal to the input, and the Dcc diode is turned off.
(4) Reverse turn-off
As shown in fig. 5e, the timing of the reverse turn-off of the solid-state electronic switch is shown, as described below.
Before t 0: the switch is in a conducting state.
t0-t1 the stored energy of Cb2 is discharged through the Dcc diode corresponding to the turn-off time of Qn1, Qn2 for maintaining the switch midpoint voltage, which is several tens of nS in process time corresponding to the turn-off error of the switches Qn1, Qn 2.
t1-t 2: the circuit has an input voltage but the switch is in an off state, with the input voltage Vout evenly distributed to Qn1, Qn2, and Qp1, Qp2 in a forward biased state, with substantially zero voltage. At this time, the output end voltage is zero
After t 2: the input voltage disappears, and the voltage born by the electronic switch is reduced to zero.
This embodiment has the following features: qp1, Qn1, Qp2 and Qn2 are respectively combined into a bidirectional switch, and are driven together, so that the driving and control circuit can be simplified; the connection point of the two groups of bidirectional switches is injected by a voltage-dividing balance voltage VCb2, and under the condition of turn-off, the voltage at the connection point is controlled to be the maximum value of half of the input and output voltages, so that the voltages borne by the two groups of bidirectional switches are Vin-VCb2 and VCb2-Vout, namely, the circuit can realize and ensure that the four power devices Qp1, Qn1, Qp2 and Qn2 bear half of the input and output voltages.
The utility model provides an above do the utility model discloses solid-state electronic switch's basic structure form, its characteristics that utilize positive negative distribution combination under the high voltage direct current occasion improve solid-state electronic switch with mid point partial pressure method and concatenate the withstand voltage ability of module, and it is succinct to realize circuit configuration, can improve the product security through avoiding using pressure-sensitive device MOA MOV.
On the basis, in the situation of unidirectional power control or reverse uncontrolled, the circuit topology can be simplified, for example: under the condition that the input or output side power supply exists all the time, a single-side voltage division mode can be adopted, and meanwhile Cb2 can be omitted; in the unidirectional electric energy control occasion, if only forward control and reverse cut-off are needed, the Qn1 and the Qn2 can be changed into diodes; in the case of unidirectional power control, such as reverse uncontrolled, Qn1, Qn2 can be eliminated and replaced by a short circuit.
The following description is given of the second embodiment to the sixth embodiment, in which the same contents between the embodiments are not repeated, and the descriptions may be specifically referred to the embodiments as necessary.
Example two
Referring to fig. 6, a solid-state electronic switch according to a second embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that: the storage capacitor Cb2 is omitted and the other things are not repeated.
EXAMPLE III
Referring to fig. 7a and fig. 7b, the solid-state electronic switch shown in the third embodiment of the present invention has the single-side switching of Vin and Vout, and the difference from the first embodiment lies in: a voltage division circuit is arranged on one of the input side and the output side of the solid-state electronic switch, and voltage division points of the voltage division circuit are connected with serial connection points of the two switch modules through a forward diode Dcc; therefore, elements such as a voltage division capacitor, a voltage division balancing diode, an energy storage capacitor and the like on one side are omitted.
Example four
Referring to fig. 8, a solid-state electronic switch according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is shown. The difference from the second embodiment is that: the forward electric energy is controlled, and the reverse cut-off is carried out, namely, each switch module is connected with a forward electric energy control device and a reverse cut-off device in series. Specifically, the transistors Qn1 and Qn2 of the two reverse power control devices in the second embodiment may be removed and replaced by reverse diodes, respectively.
EXAMPLE five
Referring to fig. 9, a solid-state electronic switch according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention is shown. The difference from the fourth embodiment is that: the forward electric energy is controlled, and the reverse direction is not controlled, that is, each switch module is connected with a forward electric energy control device and a reverse uncontrolled device in series, that is, the reverse direction is not controlled simply by short-circuiting the reverse diode in the fourth embodiment.
EXAMPLE six
Referring to fig. 10, a solid-state electronic switch according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention is the simplest configuration of the embodiment of the present invention. The difference from the fifth embodiment is that: and a voltage division circuit is arranged on one of the input side of the solid-state electronic switch and the output side of the solid-state electronic switch, wherein the voltage division points of the voltage division circuit are connected with the serial connection points of the two switch modules through a forward diode.
The solid-state electronic switch according to the embodiments of the present invention has been described in detail above, and can be used as a separate device or combined with a mechanical switch to form a solid-state mechanical hybrid switch, which is briefly described below.
Referring to fig. 11, a hybrid switch is shown for an embodiment of the present invention, which is formed by combining at least one mechanical switch and at least one solid-state electronic switch, thereby forming a variety of hybrid switches. In fig. 11, there may be a plurality of mechanical switches, such as Kn, Ks, Kp, etc., where Kp may bridge the entire connection, and the detailed working method is referred to the prior art document and is not repeated.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above preferred embodiment should not be considered as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and enhancements can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and enhancements are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (16)
1. A solid-state electronic switch with midpoint voltage division comprises two switch modules which are connected in series and symmetrically arranged, wherein each switch module is connected with a forward electric energy control device and a reverse electric energy control device in series.
2. The solid-state electronic switch according to claim 1, wherein the input side of the solid-state electronic switch and the output side of the solid-state electronic switch are respectively provided with a voltage dividing circuit, two voltage dividing balancing diodes are connected in series between voltage dividing points of the two voltage dividing circuits in a reverse direction, a cathode contact of the two voltage dividing balancing diodes is connected with a series connection point of the two switch modules through a forward diode, and a cathode contact of the two voltage dividing balancing diodes is simultaneously connected with an energy storage capacitor.
3. The solid-state electronic switch according to claim 1, wherein the input side of the solid-state electronic switch and the output side of the solid-state electronic switch are respectively provided with a voltage dividing circuit, two voltage dividing balancing diodes are connected in series between voltage dividing points of the two voltage dividing circuits in a reverse direction, and a cathode contact of the two voltage dividing balancing diodes is connected to a series connection point of the two switch modules through a forward diode.
4. The solid-state electronic switch according to claim 1, wherein a voltage dividing circuit is provided on one of an input side and an output side of the solid-state electronic switch, and a voltage dividing point of the voltage dividing circuit is connected to a serial connection point of the two switch modules through a forward diode.
5. A solid state electronic switch according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein each voltage divider circuit divides voltage by connecting two voltage divider capacitors in series.
6. The solid-state electronic switch of claim 5, wherein the two voltage dividing capacitors in each voltage dividing circuit have equal capacitance values for midpoint voltage division.
7. A solid-state electronic switch with midpoint voltage division comprises two switch modules which are connected in series and symmetrically arranged, wherein each switch module is connected with a forward electric energy control device and a reverse cut-off device in series.
8. The solid-state electronic switch of claim 7, wherein each voltage divider circuit divides voltage by connecting two voltage divider capacitors in series.
9. The solid-state electronic switch of claim 8, wherein the two voltage dividing capacitors in each voltage dividing circuit have equal capacitance values for midpoint voltage division.
10. A solid-state electronic switch with midpoint voltage division comprises two switch modules which are connected in series and symmetrically arranged, wherein each switch module is connected with a forward electric energy control device and a reverse uncontrolled device in series.
11. The solid-state electronic switch of claim 10, wherein each voltage divider circuit divides voltage by connecting two voltage divider capacitors in series.
12. The solid-state electronic switch of claim 11, wherein the two voltage dividing capacitors in each voltage dividing circuit have equal capacitance values for midpoint voltage division.
13. A solid-state electronic switch with midpoint voltage division comprises two switch modules which are connected in series and are symmetrically configured, wherein each switch module is connected with a forward electric energy control device and a reverse uncontrollable device in series.
14. The solid-state electronic switch of claim 13, wherein each voltage divider circuit divides voltage by connecting two voltage divider capacitors in series.
15. The solid-state electronic switch of claim 14, wherein the two voltage dividing capacitors in each voltage dividing circuit have equal capacitance values for midpoint voltage division.
16. A hybrid switch comprising in combination at least one mechanical switch and at least one solid-state electronic switch according to any of claims 1-15.
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| CN202021952929.1U CN213521829U (en) | 2020-09-09 | 2020-09-09 | Solid-state electronic switch and hybrid switch with midpoint voltage division |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112087222A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-15 | 上海京硅智能技术有限公司 | Solid state electronic switch and hybrid switch with clamped voltage reduction |
| CN114944642A (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-08-26 | 西南交通大学 | Composite energy consumption device based on liquid metal |
-
2020
- 2020-09-09 CN CN202021952929.1U patent/CN213521829U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112087222A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-15 | 上海京硅智能技术有限公司 | Solid state electronic switch and hybrid switch with clamped voltage reduction |
| CN114944642A (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-08-26 | 西南交通大学 | Composite energy consumption device based on liquid metal |
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