CN213397457U - Small-range double-bridge differential type two-dimensional sensor - Google Patents

Small-range double-bridge differential type two-dimensional sensor Download PDF

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CN213397457U
CN213397457U CN202022658618.0U CN202022658618U CN213397457U CN 213397457 U CN213397457 U CN 213397457U CN 202022658618 U CN202022658618 U CN 202022658618U CN 213397457 U CN213397457 U CN 213397457U
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strain gauge
strain
groove
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grooves
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李晨
相立峰
黄肖飞
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Nanjing Lihang Bionic Industry Research Institute Co ltd
Nanjing Bio Inspired Intelligent Technology Co ltd
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Nanjing Lihang Bionic Industry Research Institute Co ltd
Nanjing Bio Inspired Intelligent Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a small-range double-bridge differential type two-dimensional sensor, which comprises an integrally formed elastomer and eight strain gauges pasted on the elastomer, wherein the elastomer is of a portal frame type, two support legs of the elastomer are different in height, the tail end of a high support leg is defined as a fixed end, and the tail end of a low support leg is defined as a stress end; the front and rear plate surfaces of the beam of the elastic body are provided with first grooves, the front and rear plate surfaces of the high supporting leg of the elastic body are provided with second grooves, the front and rear plate surfaces of the low supporting leg of the elastic body are provided with third grooves, four strain gauges are pasted on two sides of the first pasting position, and two strain gauges are pasted on two sides of the second pasting position and the third pasting position; eight strain gauges are connected with each other to form four groups of Wheatstone bridges, and the four groups of Wheatstone bridges are connected in parallel. The utility model discloses, elastomer simple structure, machine tooling easily realizes, and elastomer integrated into one piece accords with the conventional requirement of machine tooling, avoids the high and easy problem of warping of roof beam that meets an emergency when adding man-hour rejection rate in the machine tooling.

Description

Small-range double-bridge differential type two-dimensional sensor
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the force measurement field relates to a small amount of journey double bridge difference formula two-dimensional sensor.
Background
Two-dimensional force sensors are widely used in industrial production, the most common structure is a common cantilever beam structure, and two bridges measure forces in two directions, namely: fx and Fy.
The two-dimensional sensor with the common cantilever beam structure mainly has the following problems, particularly when the measuring range is small, the following problems are particularly obvious: in order to improve the resolution of the sensor, when the equivalent stroke is small, a beam in a chip area is very thin and even needs to be 0.1mm sometimes, so that machining is extremely difficult, the rejection rate is too high during machining, and the beam generally deforms even if machined; the two-dimensional force sensor with the ordinary cantilever beam structure is generally used for measuring through bending strain, and strain gauge sticking errors are easily introduced, so that the sensitivity of the sensor is reduced, and the resolution of the sensor directly fails to meet the design requirements; the two-dimensional force sensor with the common cantilever beam structure has low natural frequency which is generally not more than 200Hz and poor dynamic performance.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Based on the analysis, the utility model provides a novel small-scale range double bridge difference formula two dimension sensor, this two dimension sensor simple structure, measurement accuracy is high, and natural frequency is high, and dynamic behavior is good, and machine tooling easily realizes.
The technical scheme is that the small-range double-bridge differential type two-dimensional sensor comprises an elastomer and eight strain gauges, wherein the elastomer is integrally formed, the eight strain gauges are adhered to the elastomer, the elastomer is in a portal frame type, the heights of two support legs of the portal frame type elastomer are different, the tail end of a high support leg is defined as a fixed end, and the tail end of a low support leg is defined as a stress end;
the front plate surface and the rear plate surface of the beam of the portal frame type elastic body are both provided with first grooves for sticking strain gauges in a concave mode, the first grooves are defined as first sticking positions, and the two first grooves share one groove bottom base plate; second grooves for adhering strain gauges are concavely arranged on the front plate surface and the rear plate surface of the high supporting legs of the portal frame type elastic body and are defined as second adhering positions, and the two second grooves share one bottom plate of the groove; third grooves for adhering strain gauges are concavely arranged on the front plate surface and the rear plate surface of the lower supporting leg of the portal frame type elastic body and are defined as third adhering positions, and two third grooves share one bottom plate of the groove;
four strain gauges are pasted on two sides of the first pasting position, and two strain gauges are pasted on two sides of the second pasting position and the third pasting position; the eight strain gauges are connected to form four groups of Wheatstone bridges, and the four groups of Wheatstone bridges are connected in parallel; the input is a group of power lines, and the output is four groups of signal lines.
The utility model discloses among the technical scheme, integrated into one piece's elastomer easily machine tooling, the science has avoided machine tooling rejection rate height and the easy problem that warp of roof beam that meets an emergency man-hour effectively.
The utility model discloses among the technical scheme, every direction adopts two bridge measurement methods to do the difference operation with this two bridges in data acquisition software or the circuit, improved the sensitivity of every bridge circuit effectively.
It is right the utility model discloses technical scheme's preferred, the foil gage is the bigrid foil gage, and the silk bars angle is 45, and eight foil gages of definition are foil gage, No. two foil gages, No. three foil gages, No. four foil gages, No. five foil gages, No. six foil gages, No. seven foil gages and No. eight foil gages respectively.
To the utility model discloses technical scheme's preferred, paste two foil gauges respectively on the tank bottom surface of two first recesses of first position of pasting, two foil gauges on the tank bottom of the first recess on the face of crossbeam front panel are respectively for a foil gauge that comprises R13 foil gauge and R14 foil gauge and for No. two foil gauges that comprise R9 foil gauge and R10 foil gauge, a foil gauge and No. two foil gauges symmetry set up, a foil gauge and No. two foil gauges paste in the tank bottom of first recess, 45 silk bars angle is formed between silk bars and the horizontal plane on the foil gauge; two strain gauges positioned on the bottom of the first groove on the rear plate surface of the cross beam are respectively a third strain gauge consisting of an R16 strain gauge and an R15 strain gauge and a fourth strain gauge consisting of an R12 strain gauge and an R11 strain gauge, and the third strain gauge and the fourth strain gauge are symmetrically arranged; the first strain gauge and the third strain gauge are arranged in a mirror image mode about the bottom plate of the groove bottom of the first groove, and the second strain gauge and the fourth strain gauge are arranged in a mirror image mode about the bottom plate of the groove bottom of the first groove;
respectively sticking a strain gauge on the bottom surfaces of two second grooves of a second sticking position, sticking a strain gauge on the bottom surface of the second groove on the front plate surface of the high supporting leg, and forming a fifth strain gauge by an R6 strain gauge and an R5 strain gauge, wherein when the fifth strain gauge is stuck at the bottom of the second groove, the angle of a wire grid of 45 degrees is formed between the wire grid on the strain gauge and the vertical surface, and the wire grid is arranged from bottom to top; a strain gauge adhered to the bottom surface of the second groove on the rear plate surface of the high support leg is a six-gauge strain gauge consisting of an R7 strain gauge and an R8 strain gauge, and the six-gauge strain gauge and the five-gauge strain gauge are arranged in a mirror image mode relative to the bottom plate of the second groove;
respectively sticking a strain gauge on the bottom surfaces of two third grooves at a third sticking position, wherein a strain gauge stuck on the bottom surface of the third groove on the front plate surface of the low supporting leg is a No. seven strain gauge consisting of an R1 strain gauge and an R2 strain gauge, and when the No. seven strain gauge is stuck at the bottom of the second groove, the angle of a wire grid of 45 degrees is formed between the wire grid on the strain gauge and a vertical surface, and the wire grid is arranged from top to bottom; a strain gage pasted on the bottom surface of a third groove on the rear plate surface of the lower supporting leg is an eight-gauge strain gage consisting of an R4 strain gage and an R3 strain gage, and the eight-gauge strain gage and the seven-gauge strain gage are arranged in a mirror image mode relative to the bottom plate of the third groove.
The utility model discloses among the technical scheme, the elastomer adopts the portal frame formula, and natural frequency is high, exceeds 500Hz, and under the same conditions, dynamic behavior is superior to ordinary cantilever beam structure's two-dimensional sensor. In addition, the strain gauge pasting beams in two directions measured by the sensor are orthogonal, so that mutual crosstalk in the two directions is avoided, and theoretically, no coupling condition exists.
To the optimization of the technical solution of the present invention, the R1 strain gauge, the R2 strain gauge, the R3 strain gauge and the R4 strain gauge form a bridge circuit 1, and the output voltage of the bridge circuit 1 is U01The R5 strain gauge, the R6 strain gauge, the R7 strain gauge and the R8 strain gauge form a bridge circuit 2, and the bridge circuit 2 outputs a U-shaped voltage02The R9 strain gauge, the R10 strain gauge, the R11 strain gauge and the R12 strain gauge form a bridge circuit 3, and the bridge circuit 3 outputs a U-shaped voltage03The R13 strain gauge, the R14 strain gauge, the R15 strain gauge and the R16 strain gauge form a bridge circuit 4, and the bridge circuit 4 outputs a U-shaped voltage04
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. the small-range double-bridge differential type two-dimensional sensor has the advantages that the elastomer is simple in structure, high in measurement precision, high in natural frequency, good in dynamic performance and easy to machine, the integral forming of the elastomer meets the conventional requirements of machining, and the problems that the rejection rate is high during machining and a strain beam is easy to deform during machining are scientifically and effectively solved.
2. The small-range double-bridge differential type two-dimensional sensor adopts a double-bridge measuring method in each direction on the premise of ensuring easy realization of machining.
3. According to the small-range double-bridge differential type two-dimensional sensor, each bridge circuit measures shear strain, and even if the strain gauge slips along the axis of a beam due to carelessness in the process of mounting, the sensitivity of the sensor cannot be reduced.
4. The small-range double-bridge differential type two-dimensional sensor has high natural frequency which exceeds 500Hz, and the dynamic performance is superior to that of a two-dimensional sensor with a common cantilever beam structure under the same condition. In addition, the strain gauge pasting beams in two directions measured by the sensor are orthogonal, so that mutual crosstalk in the two directions is avoided, and theoretically, no coupling condition exists.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional perspective view of the elastic body of the small-range double-bridge differential two-dimensional sensor of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the front view of the small-range double-bridge differential two-dimensional sensor.
Fig. 3 is a bridge diagram of the small-range double-bridge differential two-dimensional sensor of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is explained in detail below, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-3 and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the small-scale double-bridge differential two-dimensional sensor comprises an elastic body 1 and eight strain gauges adhered to the elastic body 1.
In this embodiment, the eight strain gauges are double-gate strain gauges, and the angle of the wire gate is 45 °. The double-grid strain gauge is a purchased part and is directly purchased and obtained.
Elastomer 1 is the portal frame formula, and two supporting legs height differences of elastomer 1 of portal frame formula define the end of high supporting leg to be stiff end 2, and the end of low supporting leg is stress end 3. The elastomer 1 is a sensitive element of the sensor, and the performance of the elastomer directly influences the performance index of the whole sensor; in the preferred embodiment, the material of the gantry type elastomer 1 is 2A12-T4
(LY12CZ), the product is formed in one step during processing, and the rigidity is good.
As shown in fig. 1, first grooves for adhering strain gauges are concavely arranged on the front and rear plate surfaces of a beam of a gantry type elastic body 1, and are defined as first adhering positions, and two first grooves share one groove bottom base plate; second grooves for adhering strain gauges are concavely arranged on the front plate surface and the rear plate surface of the high supporting leg of the portal frame type elastic body 1 and are defined as second adhering positions, and the two second grooves share one groove bottom base plate; and third grooves for sticking the strain gauges are concavely arranged on the front and rear plate surfaces of the lower supporting legs of the portal frame type elastic body 1, the third grooves are defined as third sticking positions, and the two third grooves share one groove bottom base plate.
As shown in fig. 2, eight double-gate strain gauges with a wire grid oriented at 45 ° were attached to predetermined positions on the elastic body 1 to measure the shear strain in this region.
As shown in fig. 2, the strain gauge is a dual-gate strain gauge, the angle of the wire grid is 45 °, and eight strain gauges are defined as a first strain gauge, a second strain gauge, a third strain gauge, a fourth strain gauge, a fifth strain gauge, a sixth strain gauge, a seventh strain gauge and an eighth strain gauge, respectively.
The first strain gauge consists of an R13 strain gauge and an R14 strain gauge, the second strain gauge consists of an R9 strain gauge and an R10 strain gauge, the third strain gauge consists of an R16 strain gauge and an R15 strain gauge, the fourth strain gauge consists of an R12 strain gauge and an R11 strain gauge, the fifth strain gauge consists of an R6 strain gauge and an R5 strain gauge, the sixth strain gauge consists of an R7 strain gauge and an R8 strain gauge, the seventh strain gauge consists of an R1 strain gauge and an R2 strain gauge, and the eighth strain gauge consists of an R4 strain gauge and an R3 strain gauge.
As shown in fig. 2, four strain gauges are pasted on two sides of the first pasting position, and two strain gauges are pasted on two sides of the second pasting position and the third pasting position; the eight strain gauges are connected to form four groups of Wheatstone bridges, and the four groups of Wheatstone bridges are connected in parallel; the input is a group of power lines, and the output is four groups of signal lines.
As shown in fig. 2, two strain gauges are respectively adhered to the bottom surfaces of two first grooves of a first adhering position, the two strain gauges positioned on the bottom surface of the first groove on the front plate surface of the cross beam are respectively a first strain gauge and a second strain gauge, the first strain gauge and the second strain gauge are symmetrically arranged, and when the first strain gauge and the second strain gauge are adhered to the bottom surface of the first groove, a wire grid angle of 45 degrees is formed between a wire grid on the strain gauge and a horizontal plane; the two strain gauges positioned on the bottom of the first groove on the rear plate surface of the cross beam are respectively a third strain gauge and a fourth strain gauge, and the third strain gauge and the fourth strain gauge are symmetrically arranged; the first strain gauge and the third strain gauge are arranged in a mirror image mode about a bottom plate of the first groove, and the second strain gauge and the fourth strain gauge are arranged in a mirror image mode about a bottom plate of the first groove.
As shown in fig. 2, when a strain gauge is respectively adhered to the groove bottom surfaces of two second grooves of the second adhering position, a strain gauge five is adhered to the groove bottom surface of the second groove on the front plate surface of the high supporting leg, and the strain gauge five is adhered to the groove bottom surface of the second groove, the wire grid angle of 45 degrees is formed between the wire grid on the strain gauge and the vertical surface, and the wire grid is arranged from bottom to top; be located and paste No. six foil gauges on the tank bottom surface of second recess on the back face of high supporting leg, No. six foil gauges and No. five foil gauges set up about the tank bottom plate mirror image of second recess.
As shown in fig. 2, a strain gauge is respectively adhered to the bottom surfaces of two third grooves at a third adhering position, a seventh strain gauge is adhered to the bottom surface of the third groove on the front plate surface of the lower supporting leg, and when the seventh strain gauge is adhered to the bottom surface of the second groove, a wire grid angle of 45 degrees is formed between a wire grid on the strain gauge and a vertical surface, and the wire grid is arranged from top to bottom; and eight strain gauges are pasted on the bottom surface of the third groove on the rear plate surface of the low supporting leg, and the eight strain gauges and the seven strain gauges are arranged in a mirror image mode relative to the bottom plate of the third groove.
As shown in fig. 3, the eight grids are double-grid responses in the 45 ° direction, and form 4 wheatstone bridges, and the 4 bridges are connected in parallel; the method specifically comprises the following steps: the R1 strain gauge, the R2 strain gauge, the R3 strain gauge and the R4 strain gauge form a bridge circuit 1, and the bridge circuit 1 outputs U voltage01The R5 strain gauge, the R6 strain gauge, the R7 strain gauge and the R8 strain gauge form a bridge circuit 2, and the bridge circuit 2 outputs a U-shaped voltage02The R9 strain gauge, the R10 strain gauge, the R11 strain gauge and the R12 strain gauge form a bridge circuit 3, and the bridge circuit 3 outputs a U-shaped voltage03The R13 strain gauge, the R14 strain gauge, the R15 strain gauge and the R16 strain gauge form a bridge circuit 4, and the bridge circuit 4 outputs a U-shaped voltage04
Examples are:
the output voltages of these 4 bridges are:
the bridge circuit 1:
Figure BDA0002782630980000051
the bridge circuit 2:
Figure BDA0002782630980000061
the bridge circuit 3:
Figure BDA0002782630980000062
the bridge circuit 4:
Figure BDA0002782630980000063
wherein: u shapei-the supply voltage for the bridge, 5V;
U0i-the output voltage of the ith bridge in units of: mV, i ═ 1, 2, 3, 4;
k is the sensitivity coefficient of the adhered strain gauge;
εito a strain gage wire grid RiThe corresponding magnitude of the measured shear strain, i ═ 1, 2, …, 16
Fx is measured by bridge 1 and bridge 2; fy is measured by bridge 3 and bridge 4;
the final output voltage in each direction is:
UFx=UO1-UO2
UFy=UO3-UO4
and carrying out differential operation on the two bridges in software in each direction to obtain an output voltage value (or a force value) in the direction.
When the full-load range Fx is 5N, the output voltage in the Fx direction is:
then: u shapeFx=UO1-UO2=0.36+0.5=0.86mV
When the loading full scale Fy is equal to 5N, the output voltage in the Fy direction is:
then: u shapeFy=UO3-UO4=0.57+0.74=1.31mV
The corresponding sensitivities are:
the Fx direction:
Figure BDA0002782630980000071
fy direction:
Figure BDA0002782630980000072
the elastomer is subjected to modal analysis by using FEM, and the natural frequency is more than 60 OHz.
Through actual production calibration and test, the small-range double-bridge differential type two-dimensional sensor can solve the problems: (1) the processing is easy, and the deformation can be avoided during processing; (2) the full-shearing measurement mode is adopted, so that the patch difficulty is effectively reduced, and the requirements on the patch position are particularly met; (3) the sensitivity of each measuring direction is increased by adopting a double-bridge differential measuring method, the measuring precision and the resolution are improved, and the design is shown by practice to effectively solve the design of a small-range sensor; (4) the coupling between the measuring directions of the sensors is close to zero, the natural frequency is high, and the dynamic performance is good.
Above embodiment only is for explaining the utility model discloses a technical thought can not be injectd with this the utility model discloses a protection scope, all according to the utility model provides a technical thought, any change of doing on technical scheme basis all falls into the utility model discloses within the protection scope.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a small-scale range double bridge difference formula two-dimensional sensor which characterized in that: the elastic body (1) is in a portal frame type, two support legs of the elastomer (1) in the portal frame type are different in height, the tail end of a high support leg is defined as a fixed end (2), and the tail end of a low support leg is defined as a stress end (3);
the front plate surface and the rear plate surface of the beam of the portal frame type elastic body (1) are both provided with first grooves for sticking strain gauges in a concave mode, the first grooves are defined as first sticking positions, and the two first grooves share one groove bottom base plate; second grooves for sticking strain gauges are concavely arranged on the front plate surface and the rear plate surface of a high supporting leg of the portal frame type elastic body (1) and are defined as second sticking positions, and the two second grooves share one bottom plate of the groove; third grooves for sticking strain gauges are concavely arranged on the front plate surface and the rear plate surface of the lower supporting leg of the portal frame type elastic body (1) and are defined as third sticking positions, and two third grooves share one bottom plate of the groove;
four strain gauges are pasted on two sides of the first pasting position, and two strain gauges are pasted on two sides of the second pasting position and the third pasting position; the eight strain gauges are connected to form four groups of Wheatstone bridges, and the four groups of Wheatstone bridges are connected in parallel; the input is a group of power lines, and the output is four groups of signal lines.
2. The small-scale double-bridge differential two-dimensional sensor according to claim 1, wherein the strain gauge is a double-gate strain gauge, the angle of the wire gate is 45 °, and eight strain gauges are defined as a first strain gauge, a second strain gauge, a third strain gauge, a fourth strain gauge, a fifth strain gauge, a sixth strain gauge, a seventh strain gauge and an eighth strain gauge, respectively.
3. The small-scale double-bridge differential two-dimensional sensor according to claim 2, wherein two strain gauges are respectively adhered to the groove bottom surfaces of the two first grooves at the first adhesion position, the two strain gauges positioned on the groove bottom of the first groove on the front plate surface of the beam are respectively a first strain gauge consisting of an R13 strain gauge and an R14 strain gauge and a second strain gauge consisting of an R9 strain gauge and an R10 strain gauge, the first strain gauge and the second strain gauge are symmetrically arranged, and when the first strain gauge and the second strain gauge are adhered to the groove bottom of the first groove, a wire grid angle of 45 degrees is formed between a wire grid on the strain gauges and a horizontal plane; two strain gauges positioned on the bottom of the first groove on the rear plate surface of the cross beam are respectively a third strain gauge consisting of an R16 strain gauge and an R15 strain gauge and a fourth strain gauge consisting of an R12 strain gauge and an R11 strain gauge, and the third strain gauge and the fourth strain gauge are symmetrically arranged; the first strain gauge and the third strain gauge are arranged in a mirror image mode about the bottom plate of the groove bottom of the first groove, and the second strain gauge and the fourth strain gauge are arranged in a mirror image mode about the bottom plate of the groove bottom of the first groove;
respectively sticking a strain gauge on the bottom surfaces of two second grooves of a second sticking position, sticking a strain gauge on the bottom surface of the second groove on the front plate surface of the high supporting leg, and forming a fifth strain gauge by an R6 strain gauge and an R5 strain gauge, wherein when the fifth strain gauge is stuck at the bottom of the second groove, the angle of a wire grid of 45 degrees is formed between the wire grid on the strain gauge and the vertical surface, and the wire grid is arranged from bottom to top; a strain gauge adhered to the bottom surface of the second groove on the rear plate surface of the high support leg is a six-gauge strain gauge consisting of an R7 strain gauge and an R8 strain gauge, and the six-gauge strain gauge and the five-gauge strain gauge are arranged in a mirror image mode relative to the bottom plate of the second groove;
respectively sticking a strain gauge on the bottom surfaces of two third grooves at a third sticking position, wherein a strain gauge stuck on the bottom surface of the third groove on the front plate surface of the low supporting leg is a No. seven strain gauge consisting of an R1 strain gauge and an R2 strain gauge, and when the No. seven strain gauge is stuck at the bottom of the second groove, the angle of a wire grid of 45 degrees is formed between the wire grid on the strain gauge and a vertical surface, and the wire grid is arranged from top to bottom; a strain gage pasted on the bottom surface of a third groove on the rear plate surface of the lower supporting leg is an eight-gauge strain gage consisting of an R4 strain gage and an R3 strain gage, and the eight-gauge strain gage and the seven-gauge strain gage are arranged in a mirror image mode relative to the bottom plate of the third groove.
4. The small-scale double-bridge differential two-dimensional sensor as claimed in claim 3, wherein the R1 strain gauge, the R2 strain gauge, the R3 strain gauge and the R4 strain gauge form a bridge circuit 1, and the bridge circuit 1 outputs a voltage of U01The R5 strain gauge, the R6 strain gauge, the R7 strain gauge and the R8 strain gauge form a bridge circuit 2, and the bridge circuit 2 outputs a U-shaped voltage02The R9 strain gauge, the R10 strain gauge, the R11 strain gauge and the R12 strain gauge form a bridge circuit 3, and the bridge circuit 3 outputs a U-shaped voltage03The R13 strain gauge, the R14 strain gauge, the R15 strain gauge and the R16 strain gauge form a bridge circuit 4, and the bridge circuit 4 outputs a U-shaped voltage04
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