CN213245747U

CN213245747U - Small-size full-hydraulic crawler-type hot pepper harvester

Info

Publication number: CN213245747U
Application number: CN202021453622.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 雷金; 陈永成; 秦新燕; 张�杰
Original assignee: Shihezi University
Current assignee: Shihezi University
Priority date: 2020-07-22
Filing date: 2020-07-22
Publication date: 2021-05-25
Anticipated expiration: 2030-07-22

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to small-size full-hydraulic crawler-type hot pepper harvester, including frame (1), running gear (2), pick device (12), conveyor (6, 11), material case (3), discharge apparatus (4) and power transmission, its characterized in that: the walking device is positioned below the frame (1), a rubber crawler-type chassis is adopted, and the rubber crawler-type chassis mainly comprises a driving wheel, a thrust wheel, a guide wheel, a rubber crawler, a crawler walking frame, a tensioning device and the like, wherein the driving wheel is directly driven by a hydraulic wheel motor; the picking device (12) is positioned at the foremost end of the frame, and the hydraulic motor drives the picking roller to complete the picking and throwing of the hot pepper; the conveying devices (6 and 11) are arranged above the rack (1) and are divided into two stages for conveying, the picked peppers are collected and conveyed in the first stage, the peppers are conveyed into the material box (3) in the second stage, and the first conveying belt and the second conveying belt are driven by hydraulic motors; the material box (3) and the discharging device (4) are positioned behind the rack (1) to complete the collection and discharging of the peppers; the power transmission system is positioned in the middle of the frame (1) to realize the full hydraulic drive of the walking and working mechanism.

Description

Small-size full-hydraulic crawler-type hot pepper harvester

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a small-size full-hydraulic crawler-type hot pepper harvester belongs to the agricultural machine field.

Background

With the gradual popularization of pepper mechanical harvesting, the current pepper harvesters in domestic and foreign markets are large pepper harvesters generally, and can basically meet the requirement of pepper mechanical harvesting in plain equal-area wide and terrain flat areas; however, for mechanical harvesting of complicated land conditions such as uneven ground, scattered mountains and hills, the working efficiency of the large pepper harvester is greatly reduced, and even the large pepper harvester cannot work normally; in addition, the walking system of the existing pepper harvester is mostly of a wheel type chassis structure, the speed change system adopts clutch type multi-gear speed change, so that the gravity center of the pepper harvester is relatively high, the adhesive force between wheels and the ground is small, and the pepper harvester has the danger of overturning in walking, ascending and descending slopes or harvesting processes in mountainous regions, hills, muddy lands and other areas; the wheel slip phenomenon is serious when the wheel slip type agricultural land tractor works on a field with soft soil.

Therefore, a machine traveling system adopts a rubber crawler-type structure, picking, conveying, collecting and discharging are completed in one-step operation, the traveling and working mechanisms are all driven in a full hydraulic mode, the pepper harvesting requirements of complex ground conditions such as mountainous regions, hills and the like can be met, and a small full-hydraulic crawler-type pepper harvester is provided.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is: provides a method which can enter field operation to complete various procedures of picking, conveying, collecting box and unloading at one time; the whole machine has good stability and can be suitable for complex pavements such as mountain lands, hills, swamps and the like; the full hydraulic stepless speed change is adopted, and the speed change operation is convenient; the pepper harvester has short machine body and flexible and convenient turning.

A small-size full-hydraulic crawler-type hot pepper harvester, provide the support of complete machine including chassis frame (1), install driver's cabin (9) on chassis frame (1), locate running gear (2) of frame bottom, the harvesting mechanism who locates frame (1) upper portion includes that the hot pepper picks device (12), establish one-level conveyer belt (11) and second grade conveyer belt (6) above frame (1), material case (3), discharge apparatus (3) to and locate engine (5) and the power transmission that complete machine hydraulic system constitutes at frame (1) middle part, pick the front end of head frame (121) and one-level conveyer belt (112) and accept the setting in picking device (12), the setting is accepted with the rear end of second grade conveyer belt (6) in material case (3).

The walking device (2) is arranged to be a rubber crawler type chassis, the specification is 350 gamma 90 gamma 48, and the center distance is 1300 mm.

The driving wheel (21) of the walking device (2) is directly driven by a hydraulic wheel motor, the two hydraulic wheel motors are respectively controlled by two oil ways, and the small-sized full-hydraulic pepper harvester can finish straight running, steering or backing by respectively controlling the rotating speed of the two wheel motors; the single track assembly mainly comprises a driving wheel (21), a thrust wheel (25), a guide wheel (27), a rubber track (24), a track walking frame (26) and a tensioning device (22); three beams are welded with the left and right crawler walking frames to form the rubber crawler type chassis, and the bottom of the frame (1) is welded with the three beams to achieve the effect of supporting the frame (1).

The picking device (12) is fixedly connected to the front end of the rack (1) through two lifting oil cylinders, a grain pressing wheel (124) in the picking device (12) presses down pepper plants so as to pick the pepper plants through the elastic tooth rollers (123), the elastic teeth (122) for picking the peppers are arranged in a crossed mode and fixed on angle iron through bolts and the central shaft of the elastic teeth (122); the actuating component in the picking hydraulic drive system comprises two lifting oil cylinders and a picking roller (123) drive motor which is a hydraulic motor.

The conveying devices (6 and 11) adopt two-stage conveying belts for conveying, the picked peppers are collected and conveyed by the first-stage conveying device (11), and the peppers are conveyed into the material box (3) by the second-stage conveying device (6); the first-stage conveyer belt and the second-stage conveyer belt are both driven by hydraulic motors, and the second-stage conveyer belt is faster than the first-stage conveyer belt in order to avoid the phenomenon that the conveyed peppers are jammed. The conveying belt mainly comprises a PVC belt plate (64), a small side plate (63) on the belt plate, side plates (62) on two sides, a rolling bearing (61), a bearing support and the like; the execution component in the conveying hydraulic control system comprises at least two conveying belt driving motors which are hydraulic motors.

The discharging device (4) comprises a material box (3), a rotating hinge (43), a discharging hydraulic cylinder (41) and an underframe (42), the two sides of the discharging hydraulic cylinder (41) are designed in parallel, and the material box (3) is overturned to be discharged by pushing the discharging hydraulic cylinder (41) by taking the rotating hinge as a rotating shaft.

The power transmission system realizes the full hydraulic drive of the walking and working mechanism by an engine (5), an oil pump (7), an oil tank (8) and a hydraulic control system; the engine (5) is used as a complete machine input power source to realize the full hydraulic drive of the walking and working mechanism; the frame (1) is provided with a wheel motor (22) connected with the crawler walking frame, a picking driving motor connected with the picking roller (123), a conveyer belt motor connected with the first-stage conveyer belt and the second-stage conveyer belt, and a discharging hydraulic cylinder connected with the material box (3); the walking motor realizes stepless speed change through the control handle, the throttle valve in the oil circuit controls hydraulic oil, and the hydraulic motor adopts a one-way variable motor to adapt to the operation process speed under different conditions.

The hydraulic control system mainly comprises a walking control loop, a picking control loop, a conveying control loop and a discharging control loop.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

the whole structure is reasonably arranged, the vehicle body is shortened, and the pepper machine is miniaturized; the power transmission device realizes the full hydraulic drive of the walking and working mechanism, easily realizes the stepless speed change, and solves the defects of complicated gear shifting operation and high labor intensity existing in a mechanical transmission system; crawler-type running gear (2), strengthened the stability of complete machine and avoided skidding, the scheduling problem that topples, make its hot pepper harvesting operation in adaptation mountain area, hills, little landmass and complicated topography area better.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the whole structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a partial schematic view of the walking device.

Fig. 3 is a partial schematic view of a picking apparatus.

Fig. 4 is a partial schematic view of a discharge device.

Fig. 5 is a partial schematic view of a primary conveyor belt.

Fig. 6 is a partial schematic view of a secondary conveyor belt.

Shown in the figure: 1. a frame; 2. a traveling device; 3. a material box; 4. a discharge device; 5. an engine; 6. a secondary conveyer belt; 7. a hydraulic pump; 8. an oil tank; 9. a cab; 10. lifting the hydraulic cylinder; 11. a first-stage conveying belt; 12. a picking device; 21. a drive wheel; 22. a wheel motor; 23. a strut; 24. a rubber track; 25. a thrust wheel; 26. a crawler traveling frame; 27. a guide wheel; 41. a discharging hydraulic cylinder; 42. a material tank support; 43 a swivel hinge; 111. a funnel; 112. a first-stage conveying belt; 121. a picking head frame; 122. elastic teeth; 123. a drum; 124. a grain-pressing wheel.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments:

for example, referring to fig. 1, the small full-hydraulic crawler-type pepper harvester of the present invention comprises a crawler-type chassis frame, the plane size of the frame (1) is 3900 x 1700mm, the frame (1) is supported by three beams arranged on the chassis, and each connecting part ensures the safety and reliability of the frame (1) and the beams by welding; picking heads, a first-stage conveying belt, a second-stage conveying belt, a material box (3) and a lifting and dumping mechanism are sequentially arranged above the rack (1) according to the working process, a rubber crawler type walking device (2) is arranged below the rack (1), and an engine and a whole machine hydraulic system are arranged in the middle of the rack (1).

The hydraulic control system is provided with a walking control system, a picking control system, a conveying control system and a discharging control system, and mainly comprises a gear pump, an oil tank, a reversing valve group, a flow divider valve, an oil cylinder, a motor and the like.

Firstly, an engine (5) is started, oil supply of a traveling wheel motor (22) is ensured firstly, two output lines are output in parallel by a hydraulic control system, the traveling device (2) adopts a rubber crawler type, namely, a wheel hydraulic motor is arranged on a driving wheel of two crawler types for driving, and each wheel motor is controlled by different oil ways respectively so as to adjust the rotating speed of each motor to realize the straight traveling, the steering and the backing of the pepper machine.

Secondly, the picking control system drives the picking device (12) to work, in the advancing process of the pepper machine, the picking cycloid type motor drives the picking roller to rotate, the picking stalks firstly pass through the grain pressing wheel and enter the picking roller when being bent to about 45 degrees by the grain pressing wheel, the peppers are in contact with elastic teeth on the roller, when the pepper rotates clockwise along with the roller, the distance between the elastic teeth is smaller than the diameter of the peppers to generate dragging force to the peppers so that the peppers are separated from the stalks, and then the peppers are thrown onto a first-level conveying belt behind the roller by inertia to finish the picking process.

Thirdly, the conveying control system drives the first-stage conveying belt and the second-stage conveying belt to drive the motor, and the picked peppers are conveyed to the material box (3) through the first-stage conveying belt and the second-stage conveying belt; in order to ensure smooth pepper conveying, the rotating speed of a motor of the second-level conveying belt is higher than that of the first-level conveying belt, and the belt surface material of the conveying belt is made of PVC material.

Finally, after the material box (3) is filled, the hot peppers in the material box (3) are poured out of the loading vehicle through a discharging hydraulic cylinder; in order to ensure that the material box (3) is stably overturned, two sides of the discharging hydraulic cylinder (41) are designed in parallel.

The above description of the embodiments is provided to enable persons skilled in the art to understand and use the invention, and not to limit the invention, and any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the invention should be included in the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A small-size full-hydraulic crawler-type hot pepper harvester which characterized in that: the automatic picking machine comprises a rack (1), a cab (9), a traveling device (2) arranged at the bottom of the rack (1), a picking device (12) arranged at the front end of the rack (1), a first-stage conveying belt (11) and a second-stage conveying belt (6) arranged above the rack (1), a discharging device (4) arranged at the rear end of the rack (1), an engine (5) arranged in the middle of the upper part of the rack (1) and a hydraulic system of the whole machine; the walking device (2) is arranged into a crawler-type chassis to adapt to rugged, loose and soft soil; a picking head rack (121) in the picking device (12) is connected with the front end of the first-stage conveying belt (112), and the material box (3) is connected with the rear end of the second-stage conveying belt (6); the power transmission device takes an engine (5) as an input power source, and the whole hydraulic system comprises a walking control loop, a picking control loop, a conveying control loop and a discharging control loop.

2. The small full-hydraulic crawler-type pepper harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the walking device (2) is arranged as a rubber crawler type chassis and mainly comprises a driving wheel (21), a thrust wheel (25), a guide wheel (28), a rubber crawler (24), a crawler walking frame (26) and a tensioning device (27); the walking driving system comprises at least two wheel motors which are hydraulic wheel motors; the crawler-type traveling device (2) enhances the stability of the whole machine, so that the crawler-type traveling device is suitable for various complex pavements.

3. The small full-hydraulic crawler-type pepper harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the picking device (12) mainly comprises a picking head frame (121), a grain pressing wheel (124), elastic teeth (122) and a picking roller (123); the picking device (12) is fixedly connected to the front end of the frame (1) through two lifting oil cylinders, the picking driving system comprises at least two lifting hydraulic cylinders and a picking roller driving motor, and the motor is a hydraulic motor.

4. The small full-hydraulic crawler-type pepper harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the conveying devices (6, 11) mainly comprise a primary conveying belt (11) and a secondary conveying belt (6), wherein the conveying belt mainly comprises a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) belt plate (64), a small side plate (63) on the belt plate, side plates (62) on two sides, a rolling bearing (61), a bearing support and the like; the execution component in the conveying hydraulic control system comprises at least two conveying belt driving motors which are hydraulic motors.

5. The small full-hydraulic crawler-type pepper harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the discharging device (4) comprises a material box (3), a rotating hinge (43), a discharging hydraulic cylinder (41) and a bottom frame (42).

6. The small full-hydraulic crawler-type pepper harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power transmission system mainly comprises an engine (5), an oil pump (7), an oil tank (8) and a hydraulic control system so as to realize the full hydraulic drive of the walking and working mechanism; the hydraulic control system comprises a walking control system, a picking control system, a conveying control system and a discharging driving system; the frame (1) is provided with a wheel motor (22) connected with the crawler walking frame, a driving motor connected with the picking roller (123), a conveyer belt motor connected with the first-stage conveyer belt and the second-stage conveyer belt, and a discharging hydraulic cylinder (41) connected with the material box (3); the full hydraulic power transmission system makes the whole machine body short, and the turning and turning are flexible, and stepless speed change is easily realized by operating the handle.