CN213240149U

CN213240149U - Component type soil ammonia volatilization in-situ monitoring device

Info

Publication number: CN213240149U
Application number: CN202022153846.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王远; 施卫明; 闵炬
Original assignee: Institute of Soil Science of CAS
Current assignee: Institute of Soil Science of CAS
Priority date: 2020-09-27
Filing date: 2020-09-27
Publication date: 2021-05-18
Anticipated expiration: 2030-09-27

Abstract

A component type soil ammonia volatilization in-situ monitoring device belongs to the technical field of soil in-situ detection devices. The device comprises a plurality of groups of air collecting devices, and a sample absorption bottle, a buffer bottle and a vacuum pump which are connected with the air collecting devices, wherein each group of air collecting devices comprises an air exchange rod, an air exchange chamber, a rotor flow meter and a flow regulating valve which are sequentially connected through pipelines. The utility model provides a component formula soil ammonia normal position monitoring devices that volatilizees can descend the data deviation of repeated test district under the prerequisite that does not increase field test work load, improves the credibility of soil ammonia monitoring results that volatilizees.

Description

Component type soil ammonia volatilization in-situ monitoring device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of soil normal position monitoring devices, concretely relates to component formula soil ammonia normal position monitoring devices that volatilizees.

Background

Soil ammonia volatilization generally refers to the process by which ammonia escapes into the air from the soil surface of a farm field or the surface layer above the water surface of the field due to farming activities. Volatilization of soil ammonia causes a large loss of applied nitrogen fertilizer in the field. Studies have shown that ammonia volatilization losses after nitrogen fertilization are between 5% and 40% under different soil types and environmental conditions. The ammonia volatilization loss of the nitrogen fertilizer not only reduces the utilization rate of the nitrogen fertilizer, but also causes air pollution and obviously influences the nitrogen circulation process of an ecological system.

At present, the commonly used farmland soil ammonia volatilization monitoring methods in research include a closed chamber intermittent air suction method and a ventilation type sponge absorption method. The intermittent air pumping method for the closed chamber uses a vacuum pump as a power source, actively exchanges air in a closed test area during testing, and uses acid solution such as boric acid or sulfuric acid as ammonia absorption liquid to achieve the purpose of quantitatively testing volatile ammonia. The ventilation type sponge absorption method is simpler in structure, a hard PVC pipe with two open ends is directly adopted, one end of the hard PVC pipe is inserted into soil of a region to be detected, and ammonia volatilized from the soil is absorbed and measured by the absorption sponge with the diameter matched with that of the PVC pipe installed at the other end of the hard PVC pipe. The two monitoring methods have no requirement on the area of a monitoring area, are convenient to use and are widely applied to multi-cell tests. However, in the test, the soil area monitored by the two methods is small and is only 0.02-0.04 m²And the general farmland fertilization mode is difficult to ensure uniform fertilization on such a small area, so that a repeated test cell or a repeated monitoring result of one cell in research often has large deviation, and the reliability of the test is seriously influenced. And a plurality of sets of monitoring devices are arranged in the same test cell for repeated tests, so that the test workload can be greatly increased.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The technical problem to be solved is as follows: to the technical problem, the utility model provides a subassembly formula soil ammonia normal position monitoring devices that volatilizees can descend the data deviation of repeated test district under the prerequisite that does not increase field test work load, improves soil ammonia and volatilizees the credibility of monitoring result.

The technical scheme is as follows: a modular soil ammonia volatilization in-situ monitoring device comprises a plurality of groups of air collecting devices, a sample absorbing bottle, a buffer bottle and a vacuum pump, wherein each group of air collecting device comprises an air exchange rod, an air exchange chamber, a rotor flow meter and a flow control valve which are sequentially connected through a pipeline, the air exchange chamber is a hollow cavity with two air vents at the bottom end opening and the top end, the bottom end opening end of the air exchange chamber is in sealing contact with soil to be detected, the top end of the air exchange rod extends out of the ground, the bottom end of the air exchange chamber is connected with one air vent pipeline at the top of the air exchange chamber, the other air vent at the top of the air exchange chamber is connected with the rotor flow meter, the plurality of groups of air collecting devices are connected in parallel and then converged into one pipeline to be connected with an air inlet of the sample absorbing bottle, an air outlet of the sample absorbing bottle is, the absorption liquid is arranged in the absorption bottle body, the bottle plug is movably and hermetically connected with the opening of the absorption bottle body, the bottoms of the two L-shaped vent pipes penetrate through the bottle plug and go deep into the absorption bottle body, one L-shaped vent pipe bottom is close to the bottom of the absorption bottle body and is immersed in the absorption liquid, the other L-shaped vent pipe is close to the top of the absorption bottle body and is not in contact with the absorption liquid, the top of the L-shaped vent pipe close to the bottom of the glass bottle is an air inlet of the sample absorption bottle, and the top of the L-shaped vent pipe close to.

Preferably, the rotor flowmeter is a glass rotor flowmeter, and the measurement range is 0-240L/min.

Preferably, the ventilation pipe is a PVC pipe, the length of the part extending out of the ground is 1-2.5 m, and the inner diameter is 20 mm.

Preferably, the vacuum pump is a micro vacuum pump, and the pumping speed is 60-240L/min.

Preferably, 2-10 sets of air collection devices are included.

Preferably, the opening end of the air exchange chamber is in sealed contact with the soil to be detected through water seal or insertion into the soil to be detected by 5 cm in depth.

Has the advantages that: subassembly formula soil ammonia normal position monitoring devices that volatilizees establishes a plurality of air exchange rooms and corresponding pole, the governing valve of breathing freely in same district, has increased the area that soil ammonia volatilizees the monitoring, changes and obtains stable test result. And meanwhile, the number of samples per cell is still kept to be 1, and the workload of sample testing is not increased.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

The numerical designations in the drawings represent the following: 1. a ventilation rod; 2. an air exchange chamber; 3. a rotameter; 4. a flow regulating valve; 5. a sample absorption bottle; 6. a buffer bottle; 7. a vacuum pump.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In the embodiments of the present specification, the connection pipe is a rubber hose having an inner diameter of 10 mm, unless otherwise specified.

Example 1

A modular soil ammonia volatilization in-situ monitoring device, see figure 1, comprises 2 groups of air collecting devices, a sample absorption bottle 5, a buffer bottle 6 and a vacuum pump 7, wherein each group of air collecting device comprises an air exchange rod 1, an air exchange chamber 2, a rotor flow meter 3 and a flow regulating valve 4 which are sequentially connected by pipelines, the air exchange chamber 2 is a hollow cavity with an opening at the bottom end and two air vents at the top end, the opening end at the bottom end of the air exchange chamber 2 is in sealing contact with soil to be detected through a water seal, the top end of the air exchange rod 1 extends out of the ground, the bottom end is connected with an air vent pipeline at the top of the air exchange chamber 2, another air vent at the top of the air exchange chamber 2 is connected with the rotor flow meter 3, a plurality of groups of air collecting devices are connected in parallel and then converged into a pipeline which is connected with an air inlet of, sample absorption bottle 5 includes bottle plug, absorption bottle, absorption liquid and two L shape breather pipes, it is internal that the absorption liquid is located the absorption bottle, the bottle plug with absorb bottle bottleneck swing joint, two L shape breather pipe bottoms pass the bottle plug and go deep into in the absorption bottle, and an L shape breather pipe bottom is close to absorption bottle bottom and submergence in the absorption liquid, another L shape breather pipe is close to absorption bottle top and contactless with the absorption liquid, the L shape breather pipe top that is close to glass bottle bottom is 5 air inlets of sample absorption bottle, the L shape breather pipe top that is close to absorption bottle top is 5 gas outlets of sample absorption bottle, sample absorption bottle 5 is the glass bottle, the capacity is 250 mL. In this example, the absorption solution was 100mL of a 0.1 mol/L sulfuric acid solution. The buffer bottle 6 is a glass bottle and has a capacity of 5L. The buffer bottle 6 is used for preventing condensate generated when the device is installed in a wrong way or the air temperature is low from entering the vacuum pump to damage the vacuum pump.

During testing, the ammonia absorption liquid in the sample absorption bottle 5 is replaced firstly, all the parts are connected, the vacuum pump 7 is opened, and the flow regulating valves 4 corresponding to the air exchange chambers 2 are regulated, so that the air exchange speeds of the air exchange chambers 2 are kept consistent. The air flow enters from the air exchange rod 1 and sequentially passes through the air exchange chamber 2, the rotor flow meter 3, the flow regulating valve 4, the sample absorption bottle 5, the buffer bottle 6 and the vacuum pump 7. The ammonia gas volatilized from the soil in the air exchange chambers 2 is brought into the sample absorption bottle 5 by the airflow, the acidic absorption liquid in the absorption bottle absorbs the ammonia gas volatilized from the soil, the sample in the absorption bottle is measured after a certain time, and the ammonia volatilization amount of the soil is calculated.

Example 2

The difference from the example 1 is that 10 sets of air collecting devices are included, the rotameter 3 is a glass rotameter, and the measuring range is 0-240L/min. The air exchange tube is a PVC tube, the length of the part extending out of the ground is 2.5 m, and the inner diameter is 20 mm. The vacuum pump is a micro vacuum pump, and the pumping speed is 60-240L/min. The open end of the air exchange chamber 2 is in sealing contact with soil to be detected by inserting the soil to be detected by 5 cm in depth, and the air exchange chamber 2 is a cylindrical organic glass cavity with an open bottom end and two air vents and other closed ends and is arranged at the top end of the air exchange chamber. The absorption solution in this example was 100mL of 2 wt.% boric acid + mixed indicator.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a component formula soil ammonia normal position monitoring devices that volatilizees, a serial communication port, including a plurality of air collecting device, sample absorption bottle, buffer bottle and vacuum pump of group, every air collecting device of group is including the pole of taking a breath, air exchange room, rotameter and the flow control valve of pipe connection in proper order, the cavity that the air exchange room has two air vents is opened for bottom opening, top, air exchange room bottom open end and the sealed contact of soil that awaits measuring, take a breath the pole top and stretch out ground, air vent pipe connection of bottom and air exchange room top, another air vent and rotameter in air exchange room top are connected, a plurality of air collecting device of group converge pipeline and sample absorption bottle air inlet all the way after parallelly connected, sample absorption bottle gas outlet passes through buffer bottle and vacuum pump pipe connection, sample absorption bottle includes bottle plug, sample absorption bottle, The absorption bottle body, absorption liquid and two L shape breather pipes, in the absorption bottle body was located to the absorption liquid, the bottle plug and absorption bottle body bottleneck swing joint, two L shape breather pipe bottoms passed the bottle plug and go deep into in the absorption bottle body, and an L shape breather pipe bottom is close to absorption bottle bottom and submergence in the absorption liquid, and another L shape breather pipe is close to the absorption bottle top and contactless with the absorption liquid, and the L shape breather pipe top that is close to the glass bottle bottom is sample absorption bottle air inlet, and the L shape breather pipe top that is close to the absorption bottle top is sample absorption bottle gas outlet.

2. The modular soil ammonia volatilization in-situ monitoring device as set forth in claim 1, wherein the rotor flow meter is a glass rotor flow meter, and the measurement range is 0-240L/min.

3. The modular in-situ monitoring device for ammonia volatilization in soil as set forth in claim 1, wherein the ventilation bar is a PVC pipe, the length of the part extending out of the ground is 1-2.5 m, and the inner diameter is 20 mm.

4. The modular in-situ monitoring device for ammonia volatilization in soil as set forth in claim 1, wherein the vacuum pump is a micro vacuum pump, and the pumping speed is 60-240L/min.

5. The modular in-situ monitoring device for ammonia volatilization in soil as set forth in claim 1, which comprises 2-10 sets of air collection devices.

6. The modular soil ammonia volatilization in-situ monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the open end of the air exchange chamber is in sealed contact with the soil to be detected through water seal or by being inserted into the soil to be detected for a depth of 5 cm.

7. The modular in-situ monitoring device for ammonia volatilization in soil of claim 1, wherein the air exchange chamber is a cylindrical organic glass cavity with an open bottom end, two vent holes at the top end and the rest sealed.