CN117330699B - Unpowered compost ammonia monitoring device and use method - Google Patents
Unpowered compost ammonia monitoring device and use method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117330699B CN117330699B CN202311173980.0A CN202311173980A CN117330699B CN 117330699 B CN117330699 B CN 117330699B CN 202311173980 A CN202311173980 A CN 202311173980A CN 117330699 B CN117330699 B CN 117330699B
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- gas cooling
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 231
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 title abstract description 19
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 212
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 168
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XYZZKVRWGOWVGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol-phosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.OCC(O)CO XYZZKVRWGOWVGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012550 audit Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
- G01N31/16—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using titration
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Abstract
The invention provides an unpowered compost ammonia monitoring device and a using method thereof. The device comprises: the system comprises two gas conducting pipes, a monitoring box base, a monitoring box body, a gas cooling box, an exhaust pipe, an acid liquor absorption bottle and an unpowered scavenger fan assembly; the using method comprises the following steps: the surface of the pile is processed smoothly, a monitoring box base is inserted into the pile, the upper end of the monitoring box base is reserved with a preset length, and the monitoring box body is placed on a first clamping groove of the monitoring box base; fixing an annular base on the gas cooling box on a second clamping groove on the monitoring box body, and then injecting water into the first clamping groove and the second clamping groove; after the ammonia monitoring is finished, opening a valve of the liquid storage tank and pouring condensate in the liquid storage tank into an acid liquor absorption bottle body. The unpowered compost ammonia gas monitoring device and the using method thereof solve the problems that the measuring method in the prior art has poor measuring precision and complex operation, and can not measure the volatilization of ammonia gas under the condition of approaching to the natural and real compost environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of treatment of gaseous pollutants in agricultural waste treatment, in particular to an unpowered composting ammonia monitoring device and a using method thereof.
Background
Composting has become the main treatment mode of the current feces because of the advantages of high technical maturity, large treatment capacity, good product benefit and the like. The composting process is characterized in that a large amount of nitrogen is volatilized and discharged into the environment due to the reasons of higher temperature, stronger microbial activity, turning treatment and the like, and researches show that 16-74% of total nitrogen in the composting process is NH 3 And N 2 O emissions, where NH 3 The volatilization is mainly. Because of the environmental protection monitoring requirement, the detection of the ammonia volatilization amount is an important monitoring index in the composting process.
In order to measure the volatilization amount of ammonia gas in the composting process, the currently commonly used measurement methods include an air extraction method, an aeration method and a closed absorption method. The air extraction method is characterized in that the air in the monitoring box is continuously discharged and absorbed through the external air extraction device, the monitoring precision is higher, and the air extraction method is the most widely used technology for the current compost monitoring, but the air extraction method needs to use an external power supply to supply an air extraction pump, and a stable power supply system is difficult to provide for a plurality of compost scenes, so that unpowered tests are needed to be suitable for most of the compost scenes. The ventilation method mainly comprises the steps of placing sponge impregnated with glycerol phosphate solution on the surface of an absorption pile at the upper part of a monitoring box to volatilize ammonia gas, immersing the sponge absorbing the ammonia gas in KCL solution for oscillation, reserving leaching liquor, and measuring the ammonium nitrogen content in the leaching liquor to obtain the volatilization amount of the ammonia gas. The closed absorption method is to place boric acid solution with certain concentration and volume in a closed absorption box, volatilize static absorption pile bodies into ammonia gas in the closed absorption box for absorption, and obtain the ammonia gas concentration by titration of sulfuric acid. Although the ventilation method and the closed absorption method belong to unpowered monitoring, the ventilation method monitoring and detection processes are relatively complex to operate; the closed absorption method is simple to operate, but is different from the natural environment in the composting process because the monitoring environment is closed, and can not fully absorb the volatilized ammonia gas, so that the detection result is often low.
In conclusion, the prior art determination method has the problems of poor measurement precision, complex operation and incapability of determining the volatilization of ammonia under the condition of approaching to the natural and real composting environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an unpowered compost ammonia monitoring device and a use method thereof, so as to solve the problems set forth in the background art.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an unpowered composting ammonia monitoring device comprising:
the system comprises two gas conducting pipes, a monitoring box base, a monitoring box body, a gas cooling box, an exhaust pipe, an acid liquor absorption bottle and an unpowered scavenger fan assembly;
the top end and the bottom end of monitoring case box have first opening and second opening respectively, the both sides of monitoring case box lower extreme are equipped with the connecting hole respectively, two gas conduction pipe pass through respectively rather than the connecting hole cartridge that corresponds on the monitoring case box, be equipped with a plurality of air current exchange holes on two gas conduction pipes, the inside of two gas conduction pipes all is equipped with the spacer grid, and the ammonia absorption granule has been placed on the spacer grid, the spacer grid is located the top of air current exchange hole, the upper end tip detachable of monitoring case base sets up the bottom end tip at the monitoring case box, and the monitoring case bottom seat is located the second opening part, and monitoring case base and the inside intercommunication of monitoring case box, the top end and the bottom end tip of gas cooling case have third opening and fourth opening respectively, the bottom end tip detachable of gas cooling case sets up the upper end of monitoring case box, and monitoring case box is located fourth opening part, unpowered fan assembly's lower extreme all is equipped with the spacer grid through first opening cartridge, and unpowered fan assembly's upper end passes first opening in proper order and first opening and air vent pipe, the inside the temperature difference that makes the cooling tube that the cooling tube is blown into with the inside when the cooling case, the inside the cooling tube that the cooling tube is located the cooling tube, the inside the cooling tube that the cooling tube is located the cooling case, the inside that the cooling tube is located the cooling case to the inside of the cooling case, the cooling tube is located in the cooling case opening, the cooling tube.
Optionally, each gas conducting tube comprises a conical bottom, a gas conducting portion, an ammonia absorbing portion and a connecting portion;
the device comprises a conical bottom, a gas conduction part, an ammonia absorption part and a connecting part, wherein the conical bottom, the gas conduction part, the ammonia absorption part and the connecting part are sequentially and fixedly connected from bottom to top, a plurality of liquid outflow holes are formed in the conical bottom, a plurality of gas flow exchange holes are formed in the gas conduction part, an isolation net is arranged at the bottom end of the ammonia absorption part, and the connecting part is inserted into the lower end of a monitoring box body through the connecting hole.
Optionally, the outer side wall of the gas conduction part is wrapped with a filter screen, and the connecting part is wrapped with a first heat preservation sleeve.
Optionally, the upper end portion of monitoring case base is equipped with first draw-in groove, and the bottom tip cartridge of monitoring case box is connected with monitoring case base detachable on first draw-in groove.
Optionally, the second insulation sleeve wraps up on the lateral wall of monitoring case box, all is equipped with the rubber circle on the connecting hole of junction between two gas conduction pipes and the monitoring case box, and the upper end of monitoring case box is equipped with the second draw-in groove, and the bottom tip cartridge of gas cooling case can dismantle with the upper end of monitoring case box on the second draw-in groove and be connected.
Optionally, the gas cooling tank comprises an annular base, a gas cooling tank main body, an exhaust pipe connecting part, a condensate guiding groove and a liquid storage tank;
Annular base, gas cooling case main part and blast pipe connecting portion follow supreme fixed connection in proper order down, annular base cartridge is connected with the upper end of monitoring case box on the second draw-in groove, gas cooling case main part has the inside hollow double-deck lateral wall structure, and the upper end and the lower extreme of the double-deck lateral wall of gas cooling case main part are equipped with water injection hole and drainage valve respectively, the condensate guiding gutter encircles the lower extreme that sets up in gas cooling case main part inside with preset inclination, the guiding hole that sets up on the gas cooling case main part lateral wall is passed to the lowest end of condensate guiding gutter extends to the outside of gas cooling case main part, the liquid reserve tank is connected in the lowest end of condensate guiding gutter, and liquid reserve tank and the inside intercommunication of condensate guiding gutter, the one end of keeping away from the condensate guiding gutter on the liquid reserve tank is equipped with the liquid reserve tank valve, the one end of condensate guiding gutter is through gas cooling case main part blast pipe connecting portion and is connected with the blast pipe can dismantle through first quick plug.
Optionally, the acid liquor absorption bottle comprises an acid liquor absorption bottle body, an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe;
the bottle mouth of the acid liquor absorption bottle body is provided with a rubber plug, the bottom end of the air inlet pipe and the bottom end of the air outlet pipe are both inserted on the rubber plug and extend to the inner part of the acid liquor absorption bottle body, and the top end of the air inlet pipe is connected with the other end of the air outlet pipe through a second quick plug.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of using an unpowered composting ammonia monitoring device comprising:
firstly, the surface of a pile is processed flatly, a monitoring box base is inserted into the pile, the upper end of the monitoring box base is reserved with a preset length, and the monitoring box body is placed on a first clamping groove of the monitoring box base;
placing ammonia absorption particles on the isolation net on the ammonia absorption parts of the two gas conduction pipes, respectively inserting the two gas conduction pipes into the pile body according to a preset distance, wherein the inclination angles between the two gas conduction pipes and the upper surface of the pile body are 50 degrees, ensuring that the conical bottom, the gas conduction parts and the ammonia absorption parts are inserted into the pile body, and respectively inserting the connection parts on the two gas conduction pipes into the corresponding connection holes on the monitoring box body;
opening a water injection hole in a gas cooling box main body of the gas cooling box, closing a water discharge valve in the gas cooling box main body and a liquid storage box valve in the liquid storage box, filling cooling water in the gas cooling box main body through the water injection hole, closing the water injection hole, and placing an annular base on the gas cooling box on a second clamping groove on a monitoring box body;
Fourthly, sealing the bottle body of the acid liquor absorption bottle by using a rubber plug after the boric acid solution with the preset mass concentration is injected into the bottle body of the acid liquor absorption bottle, inserting an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe into the bottle body of the acid liquor absorption bottle through the rubber plug, enabling the air inlet pipe to be below the liquid level of the boric acid solution and the air outlet pipe to be above the liquid level of the boric acid solution, and enabling one end of the air outlet pipe to be quickly connected with an air outlet pipe connecting part on a gas cooling box through a first quick plug and the other end of the air outlet pipe to be connected with the air inlet pipe through a second quick plug;
step five, after the installation is finished, fixing the monitoring box body on a first clamping groove of the monitoring box base, fixing the annular base on the gas cooling box on a second clamping groove of the monitoring box body, and then injecting water into the first clamping groove and the second clamping groove;
and step six, after ammonia monitoring is finished, opening a valve of a liquid storage tank, pouring condensate in the liquid storage tank into an acid liquor absorption bottle body, measuring the volume of the mixed liquor through a measuring cylinder, fully stirring, absorbing a solution with a preset volume into a volumetric flask, adding an indicator, shaking uniformly, titrating with sulfuric acid with a preset molar concentration for detection, calculating the volatilization amount of ammonia according to the volume ratio, and completing the measurement of the ammonia volatilization amount once.
Optionally, after the sixth step, the method further includes:
after the measurement of the ammonia volatilization amount is completed once, deionized water is used for cleaning the acid liquor absorption bottle body, and then a new boric acid solution with preset mass concentration is replaced.
Optionally, the ammonia absorbing particles are biological ceramsite or activated carbon particles.
The invention relates to an unpowered compost ammonia gas monitoring device and a using method thereof, wherein the device is characterized in that the top end part and the bottom end part of a monitoring box body are respectively provided with a first opening and a second opening, two sides of the lower end of the monitoring box body are respectively provided with connecting holes, two gas conducting pipes are respectively inserted on the monitoring box body through the connecting holes corresponding to the two gas conducting pipes, a plurality of gas flow exchanging holes are arranged on the two gas conducting pipes, isolation nets are respectively arranged in the two gas conducting pipes, ammonia gas absorbing particles are placed on the isolation nets, the isolation nets are positioned above the gas flow exchanging holes, the upper end part of a monitoring box base is detachably arranged at the bottom end part of the monitoring box body, the monitoring box base is positioned at the second opening, and the monitoring box base is communicated with the inside of the monitoring box body, the top end and the bottom end of gas cooling case have third opening and fourth opening respectively, the bottom end detachable of gas cooling case sets up the upper end at the monitoring case box, and the monitoring case box is located fourth opening department, the lower extreme of unpowered scavenger fan subassembly passes through first opening cartridge at the top of monitoring case box, and the upper end of unpowered scavenger fan subassembly passes first opening and fourth opening in proper order and extends to the inside of gas cooling case, so that when reaching certain difference in temperature between monitoring case box and the gas cooling case, blow into the gas cooling case with the gas in the monitoring case box through unpowered scavenger fan subassembly, the one end detachable of blast pipe sets up on gas cooling case top, and the blast pipe is located third opening department, the other end cartridge of blast pipe is in the setting of acidizing fluid absorption bottle, and application method: the surface of the pile is processed smoothly, a monitoring box base is inserted into the pile, the upper end of the monitoring box base is reserved with a preset length, and the monitoring box body is placed on a first clamping groove of the monitoring box base; placing ammonia absorption particles on the isolation net on the ammonia absorption parts of the two gas conduction pipes, respectively inserting the two gas conduction pipes into the pile body according to a preset distance, wherein the inclination angles between the two gas conduction pipes and the upper surface of the pile body are 50 degrees, ensuring that the conical bottom, the gas conduction parts and the ammonia absorption parts are inserted into the pile body, and respectively inserting the upper connection parts of the two gas conduction pipes into the corresponding connection holes on the monitoring box body; opening a water injection hole in a gas cooling box main body on the gas cooling box, closing a water discharge valve in the gas cooling box main body and a liquid storage box valve in the liquid storage box, closing the water injection hole after filling cooling water in the gas cooling box main body through the water injection hole, and placing an annular base on the gas cooling box on a second clamping groove on a monitoring box body; sealing the acid liquor absorption bottle body by using a rubber plug after the boric acid solution with preset mass concentration is injected into the acid liquor absorption bottle body, inserting an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe into the acid liquor absorption bottle body through the rubber plug, enabling the air inlet pipe to be below the liquid level of the boric acid solution and the air outlet pipe to be above the liquid level of the boric acid solution, enabling one end of the air outlet pipe to be quickly connected with an air outlet pipe connecting part on the gas cooling box through a first quick plug, and enabling the other end of the air outlet pipe to be connected with the air inlet pipe through a second quick plug; after the installation is finished, fixing the monitoring box body on a first clamping groove of a monitoring box base, fixing an annular base on a gas cooling box on a second clamping groove on the monitoring box body, and then injecting water into the first clamping groove and the second clamping groove; after ammonia monitoring is finished, opening a valve of a liquid storage tank, pouring condensate in the liquid storage tank into an acid liquor absorption bottle body, measuring the volume of the mixed liquor through a measuring cylinder, fully stirring, then sucking a solution with a preset volume into a volumetric flask, adding an indicator, shaking uniformly, titrating and detecting with sulfuric acid with a preset molar concentration, calculating the volatilization amount of ammonia according to the volume ratio, and finishing the measurement of the primary ammonia volatilization amount; the unpowered compost ammonia gas monitoring device and the using method thereof have high measurement precision and convenient operation, and can monitor the ammonia gas emission in different pile processes in real time; therefore, the invention solves the problems that the measuring method in the prior art has poor measuring precision and complex operation, and can not measure the volatilization of ammonia under the condition of approaching to the natural and real composting environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an unpowered composting ammonia monitoring device inserted on a pile body according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for using the unpowered compost ammonia monitoring device provided by the invention.
List of reference numerals:
10. a gas conducting tube; 11. an air flow exchanging hole; 12. an isolation net; 13. a tapered bottom; 14. a gas conduction part; 15. an ammonia gas absorbing section; 16. a connection part; 17. a filter screen; 18. a first thermal sleeve; 19. a liquid outlet aperture; 20. a monitoring box base; 21. a first clamping groove; 30. monitoring a box body; 31. a connection hole; 32. a second insulation sleeve; 33. a rubber ring; 34. a second clamping groove; 40. a gas cooling tank; 41. an annular base; 42. a gas cooling box main body; 420. a water injection hole; 421. a drain valve; 43. an exhaust pipe connection part; 430. a first quick plug; 44. condensate diversion trench; 45. a liquid storage tank; 450. a reservoir valve; 50. an exhaust pipe; 60. an acid liquor absorption bottle; 61. an acid liquor absorption bottle body; 610. a rubber stopper; 62. an air inlet pipe; 620. a second quick plug; 63. an air outlet pipe; 70. an unpowered ventilator assembly.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the invention provides an unpowered compost ammonia monitoring device and a using method thereof, which can solve the problems that the measuring method in the prior art has poor measuring precision, is complex to operate, and cannot measure the volatilization of ammonia under the condition of approaching to the natural and real compost environment.
The invention provides an unpowered compost ammonia monitoring device, which comprises: two gas conducting tubes 10, a monitoring box base 20, a monitoring box body 30, a gas cooling box 40, an exhaust pipe 50, an acid liquor absorption bottle 60 and an unpowered scavenger fan assembly 70;
the top end and the bottom end of the monitoring box body 30 are respectively provided with a first opening and a second opening, two sides of the lower end of the monitoring box body 30 are respectively provided with a connecting hole 31, two gas conducting pipes 10 are respectively inserted on the monitoring box body 30 through the connecting holes 31 corresponding to the two gas conducting pipes 10, a plurality of gas flow exchanging holes 11 are arranged on the two gas conducting pipes 10, the inside of the two gas conducting pipes 10 is provided with an isolating net 12, ammonia absorbing particles are placed on the isolating net 12, the isolating net 12 is positioned above the gas flow exchanging holes 11, the upper end of the monitoring box base 20 is detachably arranged at the bottom end of the monitoring box body 30, the monitoring box base 20 is positioned at the second opening, the monitoring box base 20 is communicated with the inside of the monitoring box body 30, the top end and the bottom end of the gas cooling box 40 are respectively provided with a third opening and a fourth opening, the detachable setting of bottom tip of gas cooling box 40 is in the upper end of monitoring box 30, and monitoring box 30 is located fourth opening department, the lower extreme of unpowered scavenger fan subassembly 70 passes through first opening cartridge at the top of monitoring box 30, and the upper end of unpowered scavenger fan subassembly 70 passes first opening and fourth opening in proper order and extends to the inside of gas cooling box 40, so that when reaching certain difference in temperature between monitoring box 30 and the gas cooling box 40, blow into the gas cooling box 40 with the gas in the monitoring box 30 through unpowered scavenger fan subassembly 70, the detachable setting of one end of blast pipe 50 is on the gas cooling box 40 top, and blast pipe 50 is located third opening department, the other end cartridge of blast pipe 50 is in the inside of acidizing fluid absorption bottle 60.
The two gas conducting pipes 10 mainly provide ammonia-free high-temperature gas in the monitoring box 30 except for high-temperature gas volatilized from the surface of the stack, so that a certain temperature difference is further generated between the monitoring box 30 and the gas cooling box 40, and then the unpowered scavenger fan assembly 70 starts to work according to the principle of the unpowered scavenger fan assembly 70, and volatilized gas collected from the surface of the stack by the monitoring box base 20 enters the monitoring box 30 and then enters the gas cooling box 40 and then enters the acid liquor absorption bottle 60 through the exhaust pipe 50;
the method comprises the following steps: the inside high-temperature gas of heap body is through in a plurality of air current exchange holes 11 on two gas conduction pipes 10 enter monitoring box 30, place ammonia absorption granule on the barrier net 12 and be used for not getting into the ammonia absorption in the high-temperature gas before the monitoring box 30 in, because this application monitors the volatile volume of ammonia and is fixed in the heap surface and collects the volatile gas of heap body and get into the monitoring box 20 in the volatile volume of ammonia that reentrants in the monitoring box 30 through monitoring box base 20, above-mentioned setting can improve the monitoring accuracy of ammonia.
Further, the unpowered ventilation fan assembly 70 has 8-10 ventilation stainless steel leaf fans at the top and a hollow structure at the bottom.
Further, the exhaust pipe 50 is made of teflon.
The two gas conduction pipes 10, the monitoring box base 20, the monitoring box body 30, the gas cooling box 40, the exhaust pipe 50 and the acid liquor absorbing bottle 60 in the application are all independently detachable components, can be assembled before the actual monitoring process, and are convenient and fast to install.
Referring to fig. 1, each gas conduction pipe 10 optionally includes a tapered bottom 13, a gas conduction portion 14, an ammonia absorption portion 15, and a connection portion 16;
the conical bottom 13, the gas conduction part 14, the ammonia absorption part 15 and the connecting part 16 are fixedly connected in sequence from bottom to top, a plurality of liquid outflow holes 19 are formed in the conical bottom 13, a plurality of gas flow exchange holes 11 are formed in the gas conduction part 14, an isolation net 12 is arranged at the bottom end of the ammonia absorption part 15, and the connecting part 16 is inserted into the lower end of the monitoring box body 30 through a connecting hole 31.
Wherein, a plurality of liquid outflow holes 19 are used for discharging the aqueous solution entering the gas conduction pipe 10, and the outside of the conical bottom 13 is also provided with a first filter screen, the aperture of which is 20 meshes; the connecting part 16 is made of a threaded hose; the ammonia absorption part 15 and the connecting part 16 are fixedly connected through a throat hoop; the diameters of the plurality of air flow exchanging holes 11 are 0.5-1cm, and the hole areas of the air flow exchanging holes 11 account for 20% -30% of the area of the air conduction part 14; the isolation net 12 is a 20-mesh isolation net, the size of ammonia absorption particles placed on the isolation net 12 is 2-3cm, and the ammonia absorption particles can be biological ceramsite or activated carbon particles.
Further, the lengths of the tapered bottom 13, the gas conducting portion 14, and the ammonia absorbing portion 15 were 10cm, 55cm, and 10cm, respectively.
Wherein, the included angle between each gas conduction pipe 10 and the upper surface of the pile body is more than or equal to 45 degrees during monitoring, so that the rest parts except the connecting part 16 are inserted into the pile body, and the conical bottom 13 is more than 50cm away from the upper surface of the pile body.
Referring to fig. 1, optionally, a filter screen 17 is wrapped around the outer sidewall of the gas conducting portion 14, and a first heat-preserving jacket 18 is wrapped around the connecting portion 16.
The aperture of the filter screen 17 is 60 meshes, and the main purpose is to prevent the pile material from blocking the air flow exchange hole 11, preventing the high-temperature air in the pile from entering the air conduction pipe 10, and when monitoring, the highest position of the air conduction part 14 needs to be below 5cm on the surface of the pile, so as to prevent the pile from conducting the hot air to be dispersed into the air; the first insulation cover 18 is used for reducing heat dissipation in the connecting portion 16, and is made of insulation cotton with a thickness of 1 cm.
Referring to fig. 1, optionally, a first clamping groove 21 is provided at an upper end of the monitor box base 20, and a bottom end of the monitor box 30 is clamped in the first clamping groove 21 and detachably connected to the monitor box base 20.
Wherein, the monitoring box base 20 is cylindrical, and is made of PVC, the height is 20cm, the diameter is 25cm, the monitoring box base 20 is inserted into the pile, and the upper end is only 2-3cm for connecting the first clamping groove 21 with the monitoring box body 30.
Referring to fig. 1, optionally, a second insulation sleeve 32 is wrapped on the outer side wall of the monitoring box 30, rubber rings 33 are respectively arranged on connecting holes 31 at the joint between the two gas conducting pipes 10 and the monitoring box 30, a second clamping groove 34 is arranged at the upper end of the monitoring box 30, and the bottom end part of the gas cooling box 40 is clamped on the second clamping groove 34 and is detachably connected with the upper end of the monitoring box 30.
The second insulation sleeve 32 is used for reducing heat dissipation in the monitoring box 30, and is made of insulation cotton with a thickness of 1cm, the upper portion of the monitoring box 30 is conical, the lower portion of the monitoring box is cylindrical, the second insulation sleeve is made of PVC, the total height of the monitoring box is 30cm, and the diameter of the monitoring box is 25cm.
Referring to fig. 1, optionally, the gas cooling tank 40 includes an annular base 41, a gas cooling tank body 42, an exhaust pipe connection 43, a condensate flow guide 44, and a liquid reservoir 45;
the annular base 41, the gas cooling box main body 42 and the exhaust pipe connecting portion 43 are fixedly connected sequentially from bottom to top, the annular base 41 is clamped on the second clamping groove 34 and is detachably connected with the upper end of the monitoring box main body 30, the gas cooling box main body 42 is provided with a double-layer side wall structure with a hollow inside, the upper end and the lower end of the double-layer side wall of the gas cooling box main body 42 are respectively provided with a water injection hole 420 and a water drainage valve 421, the condensate guide groove 44 is arranged at the lower end inside the gas cooling box main body 42 in a surrounding mode through a preset inclination angle, the lowest end of the condensate guide groove 44 penetrates through a guide hole arranged on the outer side wall of the gas cooling box main body 42 to extend to the outside of the gas cooling box main body 42, the liquid storage box 45 is connected to the lowest end of the condensate guide groove 44, the liquid storage box 45 is communicated with the inside of the condensate guide groove 44, one end, away from the condensate guide groove 44, of the liquid storage box 45 is provided with a liquid storage box valve 450, and one end of the condensate guide groove 44 is detachably connected with the exhaust pipe 50 through the first quick plug 430.
The gas cooling tank 40 is in a circular arc structure, so as to increase the contact area between the gas and the cooling water and improve the cooling effect, and the material of the gas cooling tank 40 is a PVC material, and the gas cooling tank 40 is also used for reducing the water vapor content of the gas entering the exhaust pipe 50 and reducing the condensed water in the exhaust pipe 50, thereby reducing the condensed water-soluble ammonia content in the exhaust pipe 50 and improving the detection precision; the condensate flow guide groove 44 is of a groove structure with a certain inclination angle, and the structure can monitor the amount of ammonia in the liquid storage tank 45 after the ammonia dissolved in the condensate flows into the liquid storage tank 45 from the condensate flow guide groove 44, so that the monitoring test result is lower due to the arrangement without the structure, and therefore, the arrangement improves the monitoring precision; the water injection hole 420 and the drain valve 421 are used to manually inject and drain the cooling water.
Referring to fig. 1, optionally, the acid liquor absorbing bottle 60 includes an acid liquor absorbing bottle body 61, an air inlet pipe 62 and an air outlet pipe 63;
the rubber plug 610 is installed at the bottleneck of the acid liquor absorption bottle body 61, the bottom end of the air inlet pipe 62 and the bottom end of the air outlet pipe 63 are both inserted on the rubber plug 610 and extend to the inside of the acid liquor absorption bottle body 61, and the top end of the air inlet pipe 62 is connected with the other end of the air outlet pipe 50 through the second quick plug 620.
Wherein, 200ml of boric acid solution with the mass concentration of 2% is arranged in the acid liquor absorption bottle body 61 and is used for absorbing ammonia, after the gas in the exhaust pipe 50 enters the acid liquor absorption bottle body 61 from the gas inlet pipe 62, the boric acid solution absorbs the ammonia, no ammonia gas is discharged from the gas outlet pipe 63, and the gas inlet pipe 62 and the gas outlet pipe 63 are both made of glass; the rubber stopper 610 is used to secure the tightness of the connection.
The invention provides a use method of an unpowered compost ammonia monitoring device, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, the surface of a pile is processed to be flat, a monitoring box base 20 is inserted into the pile, a preset length is reserved at the upper end of the monitoring box base 20, and a monitoring box body 30 is placed on a first clamping groove 21 of the monitoring box base 20;
placing ammonia absorption particles on the isolation net 12 on the ammonia absorption part 15 of the two gas conduction pipes 10, respectively inserting the two gas conduction pipes 10 into the pile according to a preset distance, wherein the inclination angles between the two gas conduction pipes 10 and the upper surface of the pile are 50 degrees, ensuring that the conical bottom 13, the gas conduction part 14 and the ammonia absorption part 15 are inserted into the pile, and respectively inserting the connecting parts 16 on the two gas conduction pipes 10 into the corresponding connecting holes 31 on the monitoring box body 30;
Step three, a water injection hole 420 on a gas cooling box main body 42 on the gas cooling box 40 is opened, a water discharge valve 421 on the gas cooling box main body 42 and a liquid storage box valve 450 on a liquid storage box 45 are closed, after the gas cooling box main body 42 is filled with cooling water through the water injection hole 420, the water injection hole 420 is closed, and an annular base 41 on the gas cooling box 40 is placed on a second clamping groove 34 on a monitoring box body 30;
step four, after the boric acid solution with the preset mass concentration is injected into the acid solution absorption bottle body 61, sealing is carried out by using a rubber plug 610, the air inlet pipe 62 and the air outlet pipe 63 are inserted into the acid solution absorption bottle body 61 through the rubber plug 610, the air inlet pipe 62 is positioned below the liquid level of the boric acid solution and the air outlet pipe 63 is positioned above the liquid level of the boric acid solution, one end of the air outlet pipe 50 is quickly connected with the air outlet pipe connecting part 43 on the air cooling box 40 through a first quick plug 430, and the other end of the air outlet pipe 50 is connected with the air inlet pipe 62 through a second quick plug 620;
step five, after the installation, fixing the monitoring box body 30 on the first clamping groove 21 of the monitoring box base 20, fixing the annular base 41 on the gas cooling box 40 on the second clamping groove 34 on the monitoring box body 30, and then injecting water into the first clamping groove 21 and the second clamping groove 34;
Step six, after ammonia monitoring is finished, opening a liquid storage tank valve 450, pouring condensate in the liquid storage tank 45 into an acid liquid absorption bottle body 61, measuring the volume of the mixed liquid through a measuring cylinder, fully stirring, absorbing a solution with a preset volume into a volumetric flask, adding an indicator, shaking uniformly, titrating with sulfuric acid with a preset molar concentration for detection, calculating the volatilization amount of ammonia according to the volume ratio, and completing the measurement of the ammonia volatilization amount at one time.
Optionally, after the sixth step, the method further includes:
after the primary measurement of the ammonia volatilization amount is completed, the deionized water is used for cleaning the acid liquor absorption bottle body 61, and then a new boric acid solution with the preset mass concentration is replaced.
Optionally, the ammonia absorbing particles are biological ceramsite or activated carbon particles.
Example 1:
selecting a strip pile type composting process of a large-scale organic fertilizer production plant, wherein the pile is 1.8m wide, 1.2m high and 20m long, raw materials are cow dung and straw, no material is added in the middle, pile turning is performed in the first and third days, monitoring is started in the fourth day, pile turning is not performed in the middle, and in contrast 1 and contrast 2, the three groups of ammonia monitoring positions in the method are respectively positioned in three areas before, during and after a pile body, and 3 repeated treatments are arranged in each treatment:
the specific installation steps are as follows:
Firstly, the surface of a pile is processed to be flat, a monitoring box base 20 is inserted into the pile, 2-3cm is reserved at the upper end of the monitoring box base 20, and a monitoring box body 30 is placed on a first clamping groove 21 of the monitoring box base 20;
placing 2-3cm ammonia absorption particles on the isolation net 12 on the ammonia absorption parts 15 of the two gas conduction pipes 10, respectively inserting the two gas conduction pipes 10 into the pile according to a preset distance, wherein the inclination angles between the two gas conduction pipes 10 and the upper surface of the pile are 50 degrees, ensuring that the conical bottom 13, the gas conduction parts 14 and the ammonia absorption parts 15 are inserted into the pile, and respectively inserting the connecting parts 16 on the two gas conduction pipes 10 into the corresponding connecting holes 31 on the monitoring box body 30;
step three, a water injection hole 420 on a gas cooling box main body 42 on the gas cooling box 40 is opened, a water discharge valve 421 on the gas cooling box main body 42 and a liquid storage box valve 450 on a liquid storage box 45 are closed, after the gas cooling box main body 42 is filled with cooling water through the water injection hole 420, the water injection hole 420 is closed, and an annular base 41 on the gas cooling box 40 is placed on a second clamping groove 34 on a monitoring box body 30;
step four, 200ml of boric acid solution with the mass concentration of 2% is injected into the acid solution absorption bottle body 61, then the bottle body 61 is sealed by using a rubber plug 610, an air inlet pipe 62 and an air outlet pipe 63 are inserted into the acid solution absorption bottle body 61 through the rubber plug 610, the air inlet pipe 62 is below 2cm of the liquid level of the boric acid solution and the air outlet pipe 63 is above the liquid level of the boric acid solution, one end of an air outlet pipe 50 is quickly connected with an air outlet pipe connecting part 43 on the air cooling box 40 through a first quick plug 430, and the other end of the air outlet pipe 50 is connected with the air inlet pipe 62 through a second quick plug 620;
Step five, after the installation, fixing the monitoring box body 30 on the first clamping groove 21 of the monitoring box base 20, fixing the annular base 41 on the gas cooling box 40 on the second clamping groove 34 on the monitoring box body 30, and then injecting water into the first clamping groove 21 and the second clamping groove 34;
step six, after ammonia monitoring is finished, opening a liquid storage tank valve 450, pouring condensate in a liquid storage tank 45 into an acid liquid absorption bottle body 61, measuring the volume of the mixed liquid through a measuring cylinder, fully stirring, then sucking a solution with a preset volume into a volumetric flask, adding an indicator, uniformly shaking, titrating with sulfuric acid with the concentration of 0.02mol/L, detecting, calculating the volatilization amount of ammonia according to the volume ratio, and finishing the measurement of the ammonia volatilization amount at one time;
step seven, after the measurement of the ammonia volatilization amount is completed once, deionized water is used for cleaning the acid liquor absorption bottle body 61, and then a new boric acid solution with preset mass concentration is replaced;
and step eight, continuously monitoring for 5 days, wherein turning is not performed in the middle.
The control 1 is to adopt the air extraction method, the base of the monitoring box is the same as the device, the monitoring box is made of cylindrical PVC material, the height is 30cm, the diameter is 25cm, the bottom of the monitoring box is provided with an air inlet, the air inlet is connected with and placed with a boric acid solution air washing bottle with the mass concentration of 2%, the boric acid solution air washing bottle is used for filtering ammonia in air, the top of the monitoring box is provided with an air outlet which is connected with an air inlet of an air extracting pump, the control 1 adopts the air extracting pump to extract and place the ammonia in the monitoring box into the boric acid solution air washing bottle with the mass concentration of 2%, and the air extracting frequency is 2 times/min according to the volume of the monitoring box.
The control 2 is that a closed absorption method is adopted, the size and specification of a monitoring base and the monitoring box body are the same as those of the control 1, the top of the monitoring box body is sealed, 200ml of boric acid solution culture dish with the mass concentration of 2% is placed in the monitoring box body, and the boric acid solution culture dish is taken out after each monitoring is finished, and ammonia in the monitoring box body is statically absorbed.
The comparison 3 is a ventilation ammonia capturing device, the size and specification of a monitoring base and a monitoring box body are the same as those of the comparison 1, the ventilation ammonia capturing device is composed of a polyvinyl chloride hard plastic pipe and two pieces of 2cm sponges which are immersed in glycerol phosphate solution, the surface of a pile in the device and the air circulation of the sponges and the external environment are ensured in the test process, the lower layer of sponges absorb ammonia volatilized by the pile, and the upper layer of sponges absorb ammonia in the air and are prevented from entering the device to be absorbed by the lower layer of sponges. After the completion, the sponge was taken out of the sealed bag, and put into 500ml triangular flasks, 300ml of 1.0mol/L KCl solution was added thereto, and after shaking for one hour, the ammonia volatilization amount was measured from the leaching solution.
The sampling time of each treatment of the three groups is 8:00-12:00 am, 2:00-6:00 pm, and the average value of the two test results is converted to 24 hours, namely the ammonia volatilization amount in the same day is used for continuous monitoring for 5 days.
Table 1:
as shown in the table 1, compared with the air extraction method, the method has the advantages that the error of the first day and the air extraction method exceeds 20%, the error of the other 4 days and the accumulated error are within 20%, the accumulated error of the closed absorption method reaches 53.38%, and the accumulated error of the ventilation method reaches 31.01%, which shows that the device has better accuracy and stability in measuring the discharge of the compost ammonia gas compared with the existing unpowered device and technology.
In summary, the device for monitoring ammonia gas in unpowered compost is provided with a first opening and a second opening through the top end and the bottom end of a monitoring box body 30 respectively, connecting holes 31 are respectively arranged on two sides of the lower end of the monitoring box body 30, two gas conducting pipes 10 are respectively inserted into the monitoring box body 30 through the corresponding connecting holes 31, a plurality of gas flow exchanging holes 11 are arranged on the two gas conducting pipes 10, an isolating net 12 is arranged in the two gas conducting pipes 10, ammonia gas absorbing particles are placed on the isolating net 12, the isolating net 12 is positioned above the gas flow exchanging holes 11, the upper end of a monitoring box base 20 is detachably arranged at the bottom end of the monitoring box body 30, the monitoring box base 20 is positioned at the second opening, the monitoring box base 20 is communicated with the inside of the monitoring box body 30, the top end part and the bottom end part of the gas cooling box 40 are respectively provided with a third opening and a fourth opening, the bottom end part of the gas cooling box 40 is detachably arranged at the upper end of the monitoring box body 30, the monitoring box body 30 is positioned at the fourth opening, the lower end of the unpowered scavenger fan assembly 70 is inserted at the top end of the monitoring box body 30 through the first opening, the upper end of the unpowered scavenger fan assembly 70 sequentially penetrates through the first opening and the fourth opening to extend into the gas cooling box 40, so that when a certain temperature difference is achieved between the monitoring box body 30 and the gas cooling box 40, gas in the monitoring box body 30 is blown into the gas cooling box 40 through the unpowered scavenger fan assembly 70, one end of the exhaust pipe 50 is detachably arranged at the top end of the gas cooling box 40, the exhaust pipe 50 is positioned at the third opening, and the other end of the exhaust pipe 50 is inserted into the acid liquor absorption bottle 60; the application method comprises the following steps: the surface of the pile is processed smoothly, the monitoring box base 20 is inserted into the pile, the upper end of the monitoring box base 20 is reserved with a preset length, and the monitoring box body 30 is placed on the first clamping groove 21 of the monitoring box base 20; placing ammonia absorption particles on the isolation net 12 on the ammonia absorption parts 15 of the two gas conduction pipes 10, respectively inserting the two gas conduction pipes 10 into the pile according to a preset distance, wherein the inclination angles between the two gas conduction pipes 10 and the upper surface of the pile are 50 degrees, and ensuring that the conical bottom 13, the gas conduction parts 14 and the ammonia absorption parts 15 are inserted into the pile, and respectively inserting the connecting parts 16 on the two gas conduction pipes 10 into the corresponding connecting holes 31 on the monitoring box body 30; opening a water injection hole 420 on a gas cooling tank main body 42 on the gas cooling tank 40, closing a water drain valve 421 on the gas cooling tank main body 42 and a liquid tank valve 450 on a liquid tank 45, filling cooling water on the gas cooling tank main body 42 through the water injection hole 420, closing the water injection hole 420, and placing an annular base 41 on the gas cooling tank 40 on the second clamping groove 34 on the monitoring tank body 30; the method comprises the steps of injecting boric acid solution with preset mass concentration into an acid solution absorption bottle body 61, sealing by using a rubber plug 610, inserting an air inlet pipe 62 and an air outlet pipe 63 into the acid solution absorption bottle body 61 through the rubber plug 610, enabling the air inlet pipe 62 to be below the liquid level of the boric acid solution and the air outlet pipe 63 to be above the liquid level of the boric acid solution, enabling one end of an air outlet pipe 50 to be quickly connected with an air outlet pipe connecting part 43 on a gas cooling box 40 through a first quick plug 430, and enabling the other end of the air outlet pipe 50 to be connected with the air inlet pipe 62 through a second quick plug 620; after the installation, fixing the monitoring box body 30 on the first clamping groove 21 of the monitoring box base 20, fixing the annular base 41 on the gas cooling box 40 on the second clamping groove 34 on the monitoring box body 30, and then injecting water into the first clamping groove 21 and the second clamping groove 34; after the ammonia monitoring is finished, opening a liquid storage tank valve 450, pouring condensate in the liquid storage tank 45 into an acid liquid absorption bottle body 61, measuring the volume of the mixed liquid through a measuring cylinder, fully stirring, absorbing a solution with a preset volume into a volumetric flask, adding an indicator, shaking uniformly, titrating and detecting with sulfuric acid with a preset molar concentration, calculating the volatilization amount of ammonia according to the volume ratio, and finishing the measurement of the ammonia volatilization amount at one time; the unpowered compost ammonia gas monitoring device and the using method thereof have high measurement precision and convenient operation, and can monitor the ammonia gas emission in different pile processes in real time; therefore, the invention solves the problems that the measuring method in the prior art has poor measuring precision and complex operation, and can not measure the volatilization of ammonia under the condition of approaching to the natural and real composting environment.
It should be noted that not all the steps and modules in the above flowcharts and the system configuration diagrams are necessary, and some steps or modules may be omitted according to actual needs. The execution sequence of the steps is not fixed and can be adjusted as required. The system structure described in the above embodiments may be a physical structure or a logical structure, that is, some modules may be implemented by the same physical entity, or some modules may be implemented by multiple physical entities, or may be implemented jointly by some components in multiple independent devices.
In the above embodiments, the hardware module may be mechanically or electrically implemented. For example, a hardware module may include permanently dedicated circuitry or logic (e.g., a dedicated processor, FPGA, or ASIC) to perform the corresponding operations. The hardware modules may also include programmable logic or circuitry (e.g., a general-purpose processor or other programmable processor) that may be temporarily configured by software to perform the corresponding operations. The particular implementation (mechanical, or dedicated permanent, or temporarily set) may be determined based on cost and time considerations.
While the invention has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and in the preferred embodiments, the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the code audits of the various embodiments described above may be combined to produce further embodiments of the invention, which are also within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. An unpowered composting ammonia monitoring device, characterized by comprising: the device comprises two gas conducting pipes (10), a monitoring box base (20), a monitoring box body (30), a gas cooling box (40), an exhaust pipe (50), an acid liquor absorption bottle (60) and an unpowered scavenger fan assembly (70);
the top end and the bottom end of the monitoring box body (30) are respectively provided with a first opening and a second opening, the two sides of the lower end of the monitoring box body (30) are respectively provided with a connecting hole (31), two gas transmission pipes (10) are respectively inserted on the monitoring box body (30) through the connecting holes (31) corresponding to the connecting holes, the two gas transmission pipes (10) are provided with a plurality of gas exchange holes (11), the two gas transmission pipes (10) are internally provided with isolation nets (12), ammonia absorption particles are placed on the isolation nets (12), the isolation nets (12) are positioned above the gas exchange holes (11), the upper end of a monitoring box base (20) is detachably arranged at the bottom end of the monitoring box body (30), the monitoring box base (20) is positioned at the second opening, the inside of the monitoring box body (30), the air transmission base (20) is communicated with the inside the monitoring box body (30), the cooling box body (40) is provided with a cooling box body (30) at the top end of the cooling box (40) through the third opening, the cooling box body (30) is provided with a fourth opening, the cooling box assembly is arranged at the top end of the cooling box (30), the upper end of the unpowered ventilation fan assembly (70) sequentially penetrates through the first opening and the fourth opening to extend into the gas cooling box (40), so that when a certain temperature difference is achieved between the monitoring box body (30) and the gas cooling box (40), the unpowered ventilation fan assembly (70) blows gas in the monitoring box body (30) into the gas cooling box (40), one end of the exhaust pipe (50) is detachably arranged at the top end of the gas cooling box (40), the exhaust pipe (50) is positioned at the third opening, and the other end of the exhaust pipe (50) is inserted into the acid liquor absorbing bottle (60);
Each gas conducting pipe (10) comprises a conical bottom (13), a gas conducting part (14), an ammonia absorbing part (15) and a connecting part (16);
the device comprises a conical bottom (13), a gas conducting part (14), an ammonia absorbing part (15) and a connecting part (16), wherein the conical bottom (13) is sequentially and fixedly connected from bottom to top, a plurality of liquid outflow holes (19) are formed in the conical bottom (13), a plurality of gas flow exchange holes (11) are formed in the gas conducting part (14), an isolating net (12) is arranged at the bottom end of the ammonia absorbing part (15), and the connecting part (16) is inserted into the lower end of a monitoring box body (30) through the connecting hole (31);
the gas conducting tube (10) ensures that all but the connecting portion (16) is inserted into the stack.
2. The unpowered composting ammonia monitoring device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the outer side wall of the gas conducting part (14) is wrapped with a filter screen (17), and the connecting part (16) is wrapped with a first heat-preserving sleeve (18).
3. The unpowered composting ammonia monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein a first clamping groove (21) is formed in the upper end portion of the monitoring box base (20), and the bottom end portion of the monitoring box body (30) is clamped in the first clamping groove (21) and detachably connected with the monitoring box base (20).
4. The unpowered composting ammonia monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein a second insulation sleeve (32) is wrapped on the outer side wall of the monitoring box body (30), rubber rings (33) are arranged on the connecting holes (31) at the connecting positions of the two gas conducting pipes (10) and the monitoring box body (30), a second clamping groove (34) is arranged at the upper end of the monitoring box body (30), and the bottom end part of the gas cooling box (40) is clamped in the second clamping groove (34) and is detachably connected with the upper end of the monitoring box body (30).
5. The unpowered composting ammonia monitoring device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the gas cooling tank (40) comprises an annular base (41), a gas cooling tank body (42), an exhaust pipe connecting part (43), a condensate guiding groove (44) and a liquid storage tank (45);
the annular base (41), the gas cooling box main body (42) and the exhaust pipe connecting part (43) are sequentially and fixedly connected from bottom to top, the annular base (41) is clamped on the second clamping groove (34) and is detachably connected with the upper end of the monitoring box main body (30), the gas cooling box main body (42) is provided with a double-layer side wall structure with a hollow inside, the upper end and the lower end of the double-layer side wall of the gas cooling box main body (42) are respectively provided with a water injection hole (420) and a water drainage valve (421), the condensate guide groove (44) is arranged at the lower end of the inside of the gas cooling box main body (42) in a surrounding mode at a preset inclination angle, the lowest end of the condensate guide groove (44) penetrates through the guide hole arranged on the outer side wall of the gas cooling box main body (42) and extends to the outer part of the gas cooling box main body (42), the liquid storage box (45) is connected to the lowest end of the condensate guide groove (44), the liquid storage box (45) is communicated with the inside of the condensate guide groove (44), the condensate guide groove (45) is provided with one end (450),
One end of the condensate flow guide groove (44) is detachably connected with the exhaust pipe (50) through a first quick plug (430) through the exhaust pipe connecting part (43) of the gas cooling box main body (42).
6. The unpowered composting ammonia monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the acid liquor absorbing bottle (60) comprises an acid liquor absorbing bottle body (61), an air inlet pipe (62) and an air outlet pipe (63);
the bottle mouth of the acid liquor absorption bottle body (61) is provided with a rubber plug (610), the bottom end of the air inlet pipe (62) and the bottom end of the air outlet pipe (63) are inserted on the rubber plug (610) and extend to the inside of the acid liquor absorption bottle body (61), and the top end of the air inlet pipe (62) is connected with the other end of the air outlet pipe (50) through a second quick plug (620).
7. A method of using an unpowered composting ammonia monitoring device in accordance with any one of claims 1-6, comprising:
firstly, the surface of a pile is processed to be flat, a monitoring box base (20) is inserted into the pile, the upper end of the monitoring box base (20) is reserved with a preset length, and a monitoring box body (30) is placed on a first clamping groove (21) of the monitoring box base (20);
Secondly, placing ammonia absorption particles on an isolation net (12) on an ammonia absorption part (15) of two gas conduction pipes (10), respectively inserting the two gas conduction pipes (10) into the pile body according to a preset distance, wherein the inclination angles between the two gas conduction pipes (10) and the upper surface of the pile body are 50 degrees, and ensuring that a conical bottom (13), a gas conduction part (14) and the ammonia absorption part (15) are inserted into the pile body, and respectively inserting upper connecting parts (16) of the two gas conduction pipes (10) into corresponding connecting holes (31) on a monitoring box body (30);
opening a water injection hole (420) on a gas cooling box main body (42) on a gas cooling box (40), closing a water discharge valve (421) on the gas cooling box main body (42) and a liquid storage box valve (450) on a liquid storage box (45), filling cooling water on the gas cooling box main body (42) through the water injection hole (420), closing the water injection hole (420), and placing an annular base (41) on the gas cooling box (40) on a second clamping groove (34) on the monitoring box body (30);
Fourthly, sealing by using a rubber plug (610) after filling boric acid solution with preset mass concentration into an acid solution absorption bottle body (61), inserting an air inlet pipe (62) and an air outlet pipe (63) into the acid solution absorption bottle body (61) through the rubber plug (610), enabling the air inlet pipe (62) to be below the liquid level of the boric acid solution and the air outlet pipe (63) to be above the liquid level of the boric acid solution, enabling one end of an air outlet pipe (50) to be quickly connected with an air outlet pipe connecting part (43) on a gas cooling box (40) through a first quick plug (430), and enabling the other end of the air outlet pipe (50) to be connected with the air inlet pipe (62) through a second quick plug (620);
step five, after the installation is finished, fixing a monitoring box body (30) on the first clamping groove (21) of the monitoring box base (20), fixing an annular base (41) on the gas cooling box (40) on the second clamping groove (34) on the monitoring box body (30), and then injecting water into the first clamping groove (21) and the second clamping groove (34);
and step six, after ammonia monitoring is finished, opening a liquid storage tank valve (450), pouring condensate in a liquid storage tank (45) into an acid liquid absorption bottle body (61), measuring the volume of the mixed liquid through a measuring cylinder, fully stirring, then sucking a solution with a preset volume into a volumetric flask, adding an indicator, shaking uniformly, titrating with sulfuric acid with a preset molar concentration for detection, calculating the volatilization amount of ammonia according to the volume ratio, and finishing the measurement of the volatilization amount of ammonia once.
8. The method of using an unpowered composting ammonia gas monitoring device in accordance with claim 7, further comprising, after the sixth step:
after the measurement of the ammonia volatilization amount is completed once, deionized water is used for cleaning the acid liquor absorption bottle body (61), and then the boric acid solution with the new preset mass concentration is replaced.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the ammonia absorbing particles are biological ceramsite or activated carbon particles.
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